考研考博-英語-三亞中瑞酒店管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三亞中瑞酒店管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

1.Britainalmostmorethananyothercountryintheworldmostseriouslyfacetheproblemofbuildingupwards,thatistosay,ofaccommodatingaconsiderableproportionofitspopulationinhighblocksofflats.

2.ItissaidthattheEnglishmanobjectstothistypeofexistence,butifthecaseissuch,hedoesinfactdifferfromtheinhabitantsofmostcountriesoftheworldtoday.

3.Inthepastourownblocksofflatshavebeenassociatedwiththelower-incomegroupsandtheyhavelackedtheobviousprovisions,suchascentralheating,constanthotwatersupply,electricallyoperatedliftsfrombottomtothetop,andsoon,aswellassuchdetailsaseasyfacilitiesfordisposalofdustandrubbishandstorageplacesforbabycarriagesinthegroundfloor,playgroundsforchildrenonthetopofthebuildings,anddryinggroundsforwashing.

4.Itislikelythatthedisputeregardingflatsversus(對(duì)，對(duì)抗)individualhouseswillcontinuetorageonforalongtimeasfarasBritainisconcerned.

5.Thosewhoopposethebuildingofflatsbasetheircaseprimarilyontheassumptionthateveryoneprefersanindividualhomeandgarden.Theyalsoignorethehighercostofprovidingfullservicestoascatteredcommunityandthecostinbothmoneyandtimeofthejourneystowork.

【答案】1.英國幾乎比世界上其他任何國家都更加需要嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待建筑物向高空發(fā)展的問題，也就是說，要在很高的公寓樓里面容納下人口總數(shù)的一大部分的問題。

2.據(jù)說英國人反對(duì)這種居住方式，但是倘若情況如此的話，那么英國人確實(shí)不同于今天世界上大多數(shù)國家的居民。

3.過去，我們的住宅小區(qū)和低收入人群相聯(lián)系，它們?nèi)狈σ恍┍仨氃O(shè)施，比如中央供暖設(shè)備、穩(wěn)定的熱水供應(yīng)、貫通上下的電梯等等。還有一些細(xì)節(jié)之處，如灰塵和垃圾的簡(jiǎn)單處理設(shè)施，一樓的嬰兒車存放處，樓頂?shù)膬和螛穲?chǎng)，以及衣服的晾曬場(chǎng)地。

4.就英國而言，關(guān)于公寓與私人住宅的爭(zhēng)論很可能會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。

5.那些反對(duì)建公寓的人所根據(jù)的主要理由是，他們認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都想擁有單獨(dú)的住宅和花園。他們還忽視了為分散的社區(qū)提供全面服務(wù)的較高成本，以及上班路上的金錢和時(shí)間成本。

2.單選題

Thevillagemovedfurtherandfurtherawayfromthecity；asaresult,linkswiththeoutsidecommunityhave（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withered

B.shortened

C.sheared

D.reduced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。wither“枯萎凋謝（一般指植物）”；shorten“變短（一般指距離）”；reduce“減少”。本句意為“農(nóng)村距離城市越來越遠(yuǎn)，因此，與外界的聯(lián)系也會(huì)減少”，與外界聯(lián)系減少用reduce。因此選D。

3.單選題

Thepresidentpaid_______tothefiremenwhohadfoughttheblaze,sayingtheirbraveryhadsavedcountlesslives.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attention

B.heed

C.grief

D.tribute

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“attention”，意為注意力，關(guān)心；B選項(xiàng)“heed”，意為“注意，聽從”；C選項(xiàng)“grief”，意為“悲痛，憂傷”；D選項(xiàng)“tribute”意為“致敬，悼念”，句意：總統(tǒng)向滅火的消防隊(duì)員致敬，稱贊他們的勇敢拯救了無數(shù)生命。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

4.單選題

Within,the（）ofgivendata,thebiographerseekstoilluminatefactualinformationaboutapersonandtransformsitintoinsight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bounds

B.archives

C.networks

D.goals

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。bound界限，限制；archive檔案文件；network網(wǎng)絡(luò)；goal目標(biāo)。句意：在給定數(shù)據(jù)的界限內(nèi)，這個(gè)傳記作家試圖解釋一個(gè)人的事實(shí)信息，然后將其轉(zhuǎn)化為洞察力。

5.單選題

They（）sotiredifthey（）forawholeday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldn’tfeel,didn’twalk

B.wouldn'tfeel,weren’twalking.

C.wouldn'tbefeeling,weren’twalking

D.wouldn'tbefeeling,hadn’tbeenwalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)與題干可知本題考查混合虛擬語氣，if引導(dǎo)的條件句中表示的是與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)該用had+過去分詞，因此可以排除選項(xiàng)A、B、C，又因?yàn)橹骶洳糠直硎镜氖乾F(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，所以需要用would+動(dòng)原，由此可知，此題選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。句意：如果他們不是一整天都在走路，那么他們將不會(huì)感到如此疲憊。

6.單選題

Nyearguesthattheinterestsoftheinternationalcommunityarenotillusory,thattheyare（）ofournationalinterests,whichcannotbeachievedwithouthelpfromothernations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.particle

B.partandparcel

C.particles

D.partsandparcels

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析和固定搭配。particle“顆?！?；partandparcel“必要部分”；particles“顆粒（復(fù)數(shù)）”；沒有partsandparcels用法。句意：Nye認(rèn)為國際社會(huì)的利益并不是幻影，它們是我們國家利益的必要部分，沒有沒有其他國家的幫助，無法達(dá)到目的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.案例題

Home-TheNewWorkplace

Oneofthesourcesofthemodernworldisthelengthoftimewetakecommuningtoandfromwork.Inlargecitiesthiscanmeanlosingthreeormorehourseverydayjusttravelingfromhometoworkandbackagain.Surelythereisanalternative!Well,accordingtoasurveyconditionedintheUS,22%ofpeoplewouldmuchpreferworkingfromhome,shouldcircumstancesallow.LizSewellspoketoseveralpeoplewhohavealreadymadethechangetothismodern-dayworkplacetotryandfindoutmore.

ScottMillerisa40year-olddraughtsmanwhohasbeenworkinghomeforthepasttwoyears.Headmitsthatitwasn’tsomethingthathecravedfor;ratherithappenedwhenhiswife,Jules,auniversitylecturer,wasofferedafull-timeposition.“Shedidn’tthinkthatshecouldtakethejob.Iknewthatshereallywantedit,butshedidn’twanttoputoursonintofull-timecars.Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.Mytrackrecordprobablyhelpedbecausetheyacceptedtheproposition.Aslongasmyproductivitywasmaintained,theydidn’tmindwhereIworked.Alsomywifeishappy,andhercareerisblossoming.”

“NowIgointotheofficeeveryMondayafternoonforameetingandpickupmyweek’swork.Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”

However,isworkingfromhomeassimpleasitsounds?TransferringworktoadifferentworkplaceisonlypartoftheequationforJoanneMcCarthy,whountilthreemonthsagowasaHumanResourcesManagerforalargepubliccorporation.Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.

“Asmyjobjustinvolvesworkingformyself,bymyself,IfindthatIhavebecomemuchmoreintrovertedbecauseIdon’thavethatface-to-face,professionalinvolvementwithpeopleanymore.Ispendalldayonthecomputercheckingthepricesofmystocks.Byevening,Iamdesperatetotalktomyhusband—evenifitisonlyaboutwhatliehasbeendoingallclay.”

Shehasrealizedthatthiscouldjeopardizeherattemptstoworkfromhome.LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.Forher,thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning,”shetoldus.“Ihadtoforcemyselftoviewmystudyasanoffice,notpartofthehouse.SoIcameupwithanovelidea—myhusbandthoughtIwasmade,butIhadaseparateentrancebuilttotheoffice.Atthebeginningofmyworkday,Igooutofthefrontdoorofourhouse,lockit,andthenwalkaroundtotheoffice.NowIfeelthatIamreallyatwork,andmyproductivityhasincreasedasaresult.Iknowitsoundsstrange,butitworksforme.”TwelvemonthsdownthetrackandLouiseneverwantstofacethemorningtrafficagain.

Peoplechoosetoworkfromhomeforamultitudeofreasons.TaketheexampleofGeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone,faxande-mail,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.Withmoderntelecommunicationsnowadays,Iamalwaysabletocontactmypremisesandorderprovisionsfrommysuppliers.”

“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.Fromtimetotime,wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.Istillhavecontrolbuttheyhavealargeamountofindependenceintheday-to-dayrunningofthecafes.Ilovemyjobandit’sobviousthatmymanagersrespondwelltothearrangement.Life’sgreatatthemomentwouldn’tchangeathing!”

Obviously,noteveryoneisabletohavethetypeofworkthatcanbedonefromhome,butthereareplentyofpeoplejustlikeme—judgingbyinternetsitesthemoretraditionalemploymentvacancyads—whowouldjumpatthechance.

UsinginformationfromReadingPassage2,matchthepeoplelistedA-Fintheboxbelowwiththeirdescriptions.

NOTE:Therearemoredescriptionsthanpeople.Youmayuseanyofthechoicesmorethanonce.

ListofPeople

AScottMiller

BJoanneMcCarthy

CLouiseTate

DGeorgeMercer

ENoneoftheabove

FAlloftheabove

Descriptions

（）needstobegoodatmath.

（）isnotself-employed.

（）hasbeenworkingfromhomeforthelongestperiod.

（）doesn’tneedtointeractwithclientstocarryouttheirbusiness.

試題缺失

（）thinksthattheyarelesssuccessfulworkingfromhome.

（）helpedsomeoneelsetoretainhis/hercareer.

（）livesonthecoast.

【答案】1.C

2.A和B

3.D

4.C

5.試題缺失

6.B

7.E

8.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第六段，“LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.”，可知LouiseTate是一名會(huì)計(jì)師，過去常常往返于她的辦公室和家之間，往返一個(gè)小時(shí)，然后才決定出更好的方法。可判斷出Louise必須要擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第二段，“Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.”，可知ScottMiller在同一家公司工作了7年。可判斷出他工作的公司不是自主經(jīng)營(yíng)的，選項(xiàng)A可選。又根據(jù)文章第四段，“Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy現(xiàn)在已成為股票市場(chǎng)的全職交易員，可判斷出她的工作也不屬于自主經(jīng)營(yíng)，選項(xiàng)B可選。

3.根據(jù)文章第七段，“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.”，可知當(dāng)GeorgeMercer四年前開始創(chuàng)業(yè)時(shí)，無法決定把哪家咖啡館作為主要基地，所以決定了在家里設(shè)立辦公室?？膳袛喑鏊呀?jīng)在家辦公4年了，結(jié)合上下文比較，他是在家辦公時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第六段，“thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.”，可知在家工作最大的問題是分心，可判斷出這是LouiseTate最大的問題，所以她不需要與客戶互動(dòng)來開展他們的業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.試題缺失

6.根據(jù)文章第四段，“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy喜歡在家工作給她帶來的自由，但她真的很懷念社交活動(dòng)。可判斷出她認(rèn)為在家工作不太成功。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.縱觀全文，對(duì)于文中提到的所有工作者，都沒有提及他們是否幫助別人保持了工作，選項(xiàng)E符合題意。

8.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段，“HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone…”，可知GeorgeMercer的辦公室設(shè)在勞德代爾堡(FortLauderdale)海濱別墅（他的家），并通過電話與多位經(jīng)理保持聯(lián)系。可判斷出GeorgeMercer的家在海邊。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Theywereabroadduringthemonthwhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey______toourhelp

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldhavecome

B.couldcome

C.havecome

D.hadcome

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣中的條件從句有時(shí)不直接表達(dá)出來，而是通過or等連詞來表達(dá)，這種句子叫作含蓄條件句。根據(jù)主語謂語動(dòng)詞were推斷，動(dòng)作在過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生，or后面的句子是對(duì)過去的假設(shè)，所以動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用wouldhavecome，故A項(xiàng)符合。句意：我們進(jìn)行調(diào)查的那個(gè)月他們?cè)趪?，否則他們會(huì)來幫助我們的。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Theboyhaslearnedfromfairystoriesthatwhatatfirstseemsa（）,threateningfigurecanmagicallychangeintoamosthelpfulfriend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.benevolent

B.repulsive

C.compulsive

D.imperative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。benevolent“仁慈的，慈善的”；repulsive“令人厭惡的，冷淡的”；compulsive“強(qiáng)制的，強(qiáng)迫的”；imperative“必要的，緊要的”。句意：男孩從童話故事里知道那些第一眼看起來令人厭惡的并且危險(xiǎn)的人物會(huì)魔法般地變成一個(gè)最有用的朋友。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Hewantstostarthisownbusiness,but_______handlingpayroll,governmentcompliance,andbenefitschores.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.loathe

B.remark

C.uphold

D.systematize

【答案】A

【解析】loathe討厭，厭惡;remark評(píng)論,談及;uphold支持,贊成;systematize系統(tǒng)化。句意：他想自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，但又討厭處理工資、應(yīng)對(duì)政府法規(guī)和處理收益上的瑣事。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

Johnwasso______inhisbookthathedidnothearthedoorbellring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.engaged

B.occupied

C.absorbed

D.concentrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)engaged“忙碌的”，beengagedin表示“參與，從事于”；B項(xiàng)occupied“已占用的”，beoccupiedin表示“使忙碌于，使從事于”；C項(xiàng)absorbed“被吸收的”，beabsorbedin表示“專心于”；D項(xiàng)concentrated“集中的，濃縮的”，beconcentratedin表示“集中在……”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hisbook“他的書”和后面的句子didnothearthedoorbellring“沒有聽到門鈴聲”可知，空格部分表示“專心于，專注于”符合語境。句意：約翰在專心看書，以至于沒聽見門鈴響。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Truepatriotism（

）puttingtheinterestsofone'scountryaboveeverything,includingone'sownlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.derivesfrom

B.lieswith

C.restson

D.consistsin

【答案】D

【解析】句意:真正的愛國精神在于把國家的利益看得高于一切，包括個(gè)人生命。

考查短語辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語的三單形式。derivefrom起源于,來自,導(dǎo)出;liewith取決于;reston依靠,信賴,停留在;consistin在于,存在于。故D符合句意。

13.單選題

Theyarelookingforsomewayto（）theirappetite.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.satiate

B.apply

C.strengthen

D.sustain

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)satiate“充分滿足；使厭膩”；B選項(xiàng)apply“申請(qǐng)；涂，敷；適用”；C選項(xiàng)strengthen“加強(qiáng)；鞏固”；D選項(xiàng)sustain“維持；支撐，承擔(dān)”。句意：他們正在尋找填飽肚子的方法。此題選A，可以把“satiateappetite”理解為“填飽肚子”。

14.單選題

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3,000,000worthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevision,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhois,sotospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofshop-lifterisrarelypoor.Hedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthem.Hestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.

Inordertopreventthequiteincrediblegrowthinship-liftingoffences,somestores,infact,aredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemis,perhaps,thatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinanotherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999,999passengersmustsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears'timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!

1.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?

2.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,law-abidingcitizens（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lifting?

5.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisa"shrinkage"inmarketvalues.

B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.

C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.

D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.arementallyill

B.arequiteabsent-minded

C.cannotresistthetemptation

D.cannotaffordtopayforgoods

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty

B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying

C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets

D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessionals.

B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.

C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan'thelpthemselvesarepoor.

D.Theprofessionalsdon'tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestores

B.somepeoplesimplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops

C.thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices

D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeople

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"thehonestpublic"定位到第一段的最后一句"Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices."由于商家所謂的"由偷竊造成的損失",誠實(shí)的公眾因此而付出了更高的代價(jià)。結(jié)合上文可知"shrinkage"指店內(nèi)行竊案件,所以選項(xiàng)D更準(zhǔn)確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的首句"Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves."商店行竊者可分為三大類:專業(yè)扒手、蓄意的業(yè)余扒手和控制不了盜竊沖動(dòng)的扒手。所以第三類人就是無法抵擋誘惑的人,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"law-abiding"定位到第四段。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知：那些禁受不住誘惑的人,往往在其他方面是遵紀(jì)守法的好公民,他們很少是家境貧困的。他們偷東西不是因?yàn)楦恫黄疱X,而是心不在焉拿走東西忘記付錢了。所以選項(xiàng)A表述錯(cuò)誤,他們并不貧窮;選項(xiàng)C也表述錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及;所以只有選項(xiàng)B符合原文句意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)笫二段的最后一句"they（theprofessional）accountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting"可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤,而選項(xiàng)D正確;根據(jù)第三段"Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts."可知選項(xiàng)B正確;根據(jù)四段的第二句"Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofship-lifterisrarelypoor."這類盜賊并不貧窮,那么言下之意就是人們認(rèn)為盜賊應(yīng)該是貧窮的。所以選項(xiàng)C也正確。只有選項(xiàng)A表述錯(cuò)誤。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文上一句"itisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority."這是由于一小部分人的做法給大多數(shù)無辜的人帶來了懲罰和不便的又一個(gè)例子。也就是第一段所說的：公眾因此而付出了更高的代價(jià)。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Thedrillshipwasabletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean’ssurfaceanddrillinverydeepwaters,（）samplesofsedimentsandrockfromtheoceanfloor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suspending

B.locating

C.dispensing

D.extracting

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。suspend“延緩，推遲”；locate“位于”；dispense“免除；分配”；extract“提?。惶釤挕?。句意：鉆探船能夠在海面保持穩(wěn)定的位置，并能夠鉆進(jìn)深海，從海底______沉積物和巖石樣本。根據(jù)句意可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.單選題

Itooksomeoneelse’sbook（）mistake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.for

C.with

D.by

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。bymistake為固定短語,意為“錯(cuò)誤地,由于差錯(cuò)”。句意:由于差錯(cuò),我拿了別人的書。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

17.單選題

Fluidintelligenceisthetypeofintelligencethatinvolvesshort-termmemoryandtheabilitytothinkquickly,logically,andabstractlyinordertosolvenewproblem.It（1）inyoungadulthood(betweentheagesof20and30),levelsoutforaperiodoftime,andthen（2）startstoslowlydeclineasweage.But（3）agingisinevitable,scientistsarefindingoutthatcertainchangesinbrainfunctionmaynotbe.

Onestudyfoundthatmusclelossandthe（4）ofbodyfataroundtheabdomen,whichoftenbegininmiddleageandcontinueintoadvancedage,areassociatedwithadeclineinfluidintelligence.Thissuggeststhe

（5）

thatlifestylefactors,suchasthetypeofdietyoufollowandthetypeandamountofexerciseyougetthroughouttheyearstomaintainmoreleanmuscle,mighthelppreventor（6）thistypeofdecline.

Theresearcherslookedatdatathat（7）measurementsofleanmuscle,abdominalfatandsubcutaneousfat(thetypeoffatyoucanseeandgrabholdof)frommorethan4,000middle-to-older-agedmenandwomenand（8）thatdatatoreportedchangesinfluidintelligenceoverasix-yearperiod.Theyfoundthatmiddle-agedpeople（9）highermeasuresofabdominalfat（10）worseonmeasuresoffluidintelligenceastheyears（11）.

Forwomen,theassociationmaybe（12）tochangesinimmunitythatresultedfromexcessabdominalfat;inmen,theimmunesystemdidnotappeartobe（13）.Futurestudiescould（14）thesedifferencesandperhapsleadtodifferent（15）formenandwomen.

（16）therearestepsyoucan（17）tohelpreduceabdominalfatandmaintainleanmusclemassasyouageinordertoprotectbothyourphysicalandmental（18）.Thetwomostgenerallyrecommendedlifestyleapproachesaremaintainingorincreasingyour（19）ofaerobicexerciseandfollowingaMediterranean-style

（20）

thatishighinfiberfromwholegrains,vegetables,andotherplantfoodsandeliminateshighlyprocessedfoods.Ifyoucarryextrabellyfat,speakwithyourhealthcareprovidertodetermineaplanthatisbestforyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pauses

B.return

C.peaks

D.fades

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.alternatively

B.formally

C.accidentally

D.generally

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.while

B.since

C.once

D.until

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.detection

B.accumulation

C.consumption

D.separation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.possibility

B.decision

C.goal

D.requirement

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.delay

B.ensure

C.seek

D.utilize

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.modified

B.supported

C.included

D.predicted

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.devoted

B.compared

C.converted

D.applied

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.above

C.by

D.against

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.lived

B.managed

C.scored

D.played

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.ranout

B.setoff

C.drewin

D.wentby

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.superior

B.attributable

C.parallel

D.resistant

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.restored

B.isolated

C.involved

D.controlled

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.alter

B.spread

C.remove

D.explain

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.compensations

B.symptoms

C.demands

D.treatments

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.Likewise

B.Meanwhile

C.Therefore

D.Instead

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.change

B.watch

C.count

D.take

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.well-being

B.process

C.formation

D.coordination

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.level

B.love

C.knowledge

D.space

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.design

B.routine

C.diet

D.prescription

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:D

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】1.答案[C]peaks。上下文題，根據(jù)2空前and做判斷，隨著年紀(jì)增長(zhǎng)會(huì)慢慢下降，說明年輕時(shí)水平較高，達(dá)到峰值。

2.答案[D]generally。年輕時(shí)水平高，隨著年紀(jì)增加慢慢下降是大部分的共性，所以通常都會(huì)這樣。

3.答案[A]while。邏輯題，本空用來連接空后兩句（年紀(jì)增長(zhǎng)是不可避免的，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦功能的某些變化可能并非如此），可判斷兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（也可根據(jù)技巧一肯一否判斷）。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有while可用來表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此空位于兩句最前面，表讓步。

4.答案[B]accumulation。上下文題，根據(jù)空前and判斷，and前說肌肉損耗，這對(duì)身體健康會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，后面自然也是負(fù)面影響，腹部脂肪的____，所以選accumulation，譯為累積、堆積。另外9空之后提到腹部脂肪含量較高，也可間接證明脂肪的累積。

5.答案[A]possibility。上下文題，根據(jù)空后同位語從句內(nèi)容（生活方式的因素可能會(huì)幫助我們阻礙這種下降），判斷出5空是一種推斷，所以選擇possibility，譯為可能性。

6.答案[A]delay。上下文題，根據(jù)空前or做判斷，應(yīng)選擇與prevent（阻礙）意思、形態(tài)相近的答案，所以選擇delay，譯為推遲。

7.答案[C]included。上下文題，根據(jù)前后語意，科學(xué)家們研究了數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)_____了對(duì)超過4000位中老年人的肌肉和腹部脂肪的測(cè)量。這些數(shù)據(jù)能拿來做研究，應(yīng)該是客觀的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)，所以包括了對(duì)他們的測(cè)量。

8.答案[B]compared。上下文題，根據(jù)空前and判斷，觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)肌肉含量和腹部脂肪含量都會(huì)影響流體智力的下降速度，所以科學(xué)家們做實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的就是為了證實(shí)這一點(diǎn)，他們把中老年人的肌肉和腹部脂肪測(cè)量的數(shù)據(jù)與六年間對(duì)于流體智力變化的報(bào)告數(shù)據(jù)相比較。

9.答案[A]with。上下文題，科學(xué)家們證實(shí)了有著較高腹部脂肪的中年人流體智力下降更快。

10.答案[C]scored。上下文題，科學(xué)家們證實(shí)了有著較高腹部脂肪的中年人流體智力下降更快，即在流體智力方面得分較低。

11.答案[D]wentby。詞組辨析題，隨著年紀(jì)增加，流體智力下降較多，即隨著時(shí)間流逝（goby），runout“耗盡”，setoff“出發(fā)、動(dòng)身”，drawin“（白晝）漸短；吸入、卷入”，都不符合語境。

12.答案[B]attributable。完形考過很多年這種行文邏輯，首段給出結(jié)論，然后做實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)，最后解釋原因，所以此段開始解釋原因，女性是由于過多腹部脂肪導(dǎo)致免疫力變化而導(dǎo)致流體智力的變化。

13.答案[C]involved。上下文題，女性的變化是由于免疫力變化，而男性免疫系統(tǒng)似乎沒有涉及到。

14.答案[D]explain。希望未來研究能解釋為什么男女之間會(huì)有這種差異。

15.答案[D]treatments。畢竟導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是流體智力下降，是較為負(fù)面的結(jié)果，因此需要解決這一問題，即給出相應(yīng)的治療方案。

16.答案[B]Meanwhile。邏輯題，上文希望找到治療方案態(tài)度為正，下文有方法可以減少腹部脂肪從而改善身心態(tài)度為正，所以為順從關(guān)系，排除instead。前后同傾向，內(nèi)容相似，判斷為并列，排除therefore。Likewise“相似的”需要前后內(nèi)容只做主語或賓語的改變，前后內(nèi)容并非如此，所以選meanwhile“與此同時(shí)”。

17.答案[D]take。takesteptodosth采取措施做某事，固定搭配。

18.答案[A]well-being，改善身心健康。

19.答案[A]level。高度推薦的生活方式是維持或增加有氧鍛煉的____,只有l(wèi)evel（水平）符合語境。

20.答案[C]diet。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)詞foods可推測(cè)為改善日常飲食。

18.單選題

Oneofthechieffunctionsofslangwordsistoconsolidateone’s（）withagroup.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.introduction

B.superstition

C.identification

D.specification

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)introduction“介紹；引進(jìn)；入門”；B選項(xiàng)superstition“迷信”；C選項(xiàng)identification“辨認(rèn)；認(rèn)同；身份”；D選項(xiàng)specification“規(guī)格；說明書”。句意：俚語的主要功能之一增強(qiáng)與其一伙人的（）。根據(jù)語境，俚語主要是拉近人和人之間的距離，identification“認(rèn)同”比較合理。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Theteacherwroteabriefcommentinthe（）toshowthestudentwhyitwaswrong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manual

B.margin

C.edge

D.verge

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。manual"手冊(cè),指南";margin"頁邊空白;邊緣;余地"，一般指書的邊緣;edge"邊緣;刀刃;優(yōu)勢(shì)"一般指懸崖邊上;verge"邊,邊緣,界線",常見用法為onthevergeof，意為瀕臨于。句意：老師在頁邊空白處寫了簡(jiǎn)短的評(píng)語，向?qū)W生說明為什么錯(cuò)了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

20.單選題

Iunderstandpreparationthatstaffmustputinunderpressureo\tomeetthedeadline.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethantheenormousamountof

B.betterthanmosttheenormousnumberof

C.betterthanmosttheenormousamountof

D.fewerthanthenumberof

【答案】C

【解析】考查常用表達(dá)。understandbetterthan…表示“對(duì)……非常理解”。A選項(xiàng)morethantheenormousamountof比……大多數(shù)多；B選項(xiàng)betterthanmosttheenormousnumberof比……大多數(shù)好，后接可數(shù)名詞；C選項(xiàng)betterthanmosttheenormousamountof比……大多數(shù)好，后接不可數(shù)名詞；D選項(xiàng)fewerthanthenumberof比……數(shù)量少；其中，preparation是不可數(shù)名詞，故本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

21.單選題

Theatmosphereisamixtureofseveralgases.Thereareabouttenchemicalelementswhichremainpermanentlyingaseousformintheatmosphereunderallnaturalconditions.Ofthesepermanentgases,oxygenmakesupabout21percentandnitrogenabout78percent.Severalothergases,suchasargon,carbondioxide:hydrogen,neon,kiyptonandxenon,comprisetheremainingonepercentofthevolumeofdryair.Theamountofwatervaporanditsvariationsinamountanddistributionisofextraordinaryimportanceinweatherchanges.Atmosphericgasesholdinsuspensiongreatquantitiesofdust,pollen,smoke,andotherimpuritieswhicharealwayspresentinconsiderable,butvariableamounts.

Theatmospherehasnodefiniteupperlimitsbutgraduallythinsuntilitbecomesimperceptible.Untilrecentlyitwasassumedthattheairabovethefirstfewmilesgraduallygrewthinnerandcolderataconstantrate.Itwasalsoassumedthatupperairhadlittleinfluenceonweatherchanges.Recentstudiesoftheupperatmosphere,currentlybeingconductedbyearthsatellitesandmissileprobing,haveshowntheseassumptionstobeincorrect.Theatmospherehasthreewell-definedstrata.

Thelayeroftheairnexttotheearth,whichextendsupwardforabouttenmiles,isknownasthetroposphere.Onthewhole,itmakesupabout75percentofalltheweightoftheatmosphere.Itisthewarmestpartoftheatmospherebecausemostofthesolarradiationisabsorbedbytheearth’ssurfacewhichwarmstheairimmediatelysurroundingit.Asteadydecreaseoftemperaturewithincreasingelevationisamoststrikingcharacteristic.Theupperlayersarecolderbecauseoftheirgreaterdistancefromtheearth’ssurfaceandrapidradiationofheatintospace.Thetemperatureswithinthetropospheredecreaseabout3.5degreesper1,000feetincreaseinaltitude.Withinthetroposphere,windsandaircurrentsdistributeheatandmoisture.Strongwinds,calledjetstreams,arelocatedattheupperlevelsofthetroposphere.Thesejetstreamsarebothcomplexandwidespreadinoccurrence.Theynormallyshowawave-shapedpatternandmovefromwesttoeastatvelocitiesof150mph,butvelocitiesashighas400mphhavebeennoted.Theinfluencesofchanginglocationsandstrengthsofjetstreamsuponweatherconditionsandpatternsarenodoubtconsiderable.Currentintensiveresearchmayeventuallyrevealtheirtruesignificance.

Abovethetropospheretoaheightofabout50milesisazonecalledthestratosphere.Thestratosphereisseparatedfromthetropospherebyazoneofuniformtemperaturescalledthetropopause.Withinthelowerportionsofthestratosphereisalayerofozonegaseswhichfiltersoutmostoftheultravioletraysfromthesun.Theozonelayervarieswithairpressure.Ifthiszonewerenotthere,thefullblastofthesun'sultravioletlightwouldburnourskins,blindoureyes,andeventuallyresultinourdestruction.Withinthestratosphere,thetemperatureandatmosphericcompositionarerelativelyuniform.

Thelayerupwardofabout50milesisthemostfascinatingbuttheleastknownofthethreestrata.Itiscalledtheionospherebecauseitconsistsofelectricallychargedparticlescalledions,thrownfromthesun.Thenorthernlights(auroraborealis)originatewithinthishighlychargedportionoftheatmospher