考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林電子信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林電子信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

70年代以來(lái)，美國(guó)華人社會(huì)發(fā)生了重大的變化。最顯著的是許多來(lái)自大陸的中國(guó)人不斷涌入美國(guó)，使美國(guó)華人的人數(shù)猛增。

【答案】Sincethe1970s,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinChineseAmericansociety.Mostnotably,theinfluxofmanyChinesefrommainlandChinaintotheUnitedStateshasledtoasurgeinthenumberofChineseAmericans.

2.單選題

Homeeconomistsrecommend______inlargequantities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobuybasicfooditems

B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood

C.buyingbasicfooditems

D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tobuybasicfooditems購(gòu)買(mǎi)基本食品B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood購(gòu)買(mǎi)基本食品

C.buyingbasicfooditems購(gòu)買(mǎi)基本食品D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood購(gòu)買(mǎi)基本食品

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】fooditems是常見(jiàn)搭配，表示“食品”，可先排除B、D項(xiàng)；recommend可以和todo搭配，也可以與doing搭配，但是如果后面跟不定式，recommend后面要跟sb.，recommendsb.todosth.表示“建議某人去做某事”；如果后面跟doing，recommend可以直接跟，recommenddoingsth.表示“建議做某事”，所以此處選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)要加sb.才符合搭配，故排除；

B、D項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配。

【句意】家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家建議大量購(gòu)買(mǎi)基本食品。

3.單選題

Youmayneverexperienceanearthquakeoravolcaniceruptioninyourlife,butyouwill（）changesintheland.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.witness

D.define

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adapt“適應(yīng)，改編”；B選項(xiàng)adopt“采取，接受”；C選項(xiàng)witness“目擊，見(jiàn)證”；D選項(xiàng)define“定義，規(guī)定”。句意：在你的生命中你可能從來(lái)沒(méi)有經(jīng)歷過(guò)地震或火山爆發(fā)，但是你將見(jiàn)證這片土地的變化。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

4.單選題

InpartsoftheArctic,thelandgradesintothelandfasticeso（

）thatyoucanwalkoffthecoastandnotknowyouareoverthehiddensea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.permanently

B.imperceptibly

C.irregular

D.precariously

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)permanently“永久地，長(zhǎng)期不變地”；B選項(xiàng)imperceptibly“極細(xì)微地，察覺(jué)不到地”；C選項(xiàng)irregularly“不規(guī)則地，不整齊地”；D選項(xiàng)precariously“不安全地，不牢靠地”。根據(jù)句意‘在北極的部分地區(qū)，陸地逐漸變成固定冰，這一點(diǎn)難以覺(jué)察。你可以遠(yuǎn)離海岸，卻不知道自己在隱秘的海洋之上。’B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

從一定角度上看，教育的目的實(shí)質(zhì)上就是通過(guò)生存知識(shí)的獲得和生存能力的提高而使受教育者為未來(lái)的生活做好準(zhǔn)備；而社會(huì)教育就是通過(guò)社會(huì)方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目的。對(duì)于任何人來(lái)說(shuō)，生活可以有兩個(gè)目標(biāo)：一是達(dá)到或維持基本的生存水平，二是提高到更高層次。為達(dá)到這兩個(gè)目標(biāo)——其實(shí)生活中它們是融合在一起的，一般不會(huì)有人把兩者割裂開(kāi)來(lái)——任何時(shí)代、任何區(qū)域和社會(huì)階層都會(huì)對(duì)作為社會(huì)成員生活在這一時(shí)空與社會(huì)交叉點(diǎn)上的人有一個(gè)基本或起碼的知識(shí)和能力客觀要求。

【答案】Fromacertainpointofview,thepurposeofeducationistomaketheeducatedprepareforthefuturelifethroughtheacquisitionofsurvivalknowledgeandtheimprovementofsurvivalability.Socialeducationistoachievethisgoalthroughsocialmeans.Foranyone,lifecanhavetwogoals.Oneistoachieveormaintainabasiclevelofsurvival,andtheotheristoimprovetoahigherlevel.Inordertoachievethesetwogoals—infact,theyareintegratedinlife,andgenerallynoonewillcutthemapart—anyera,anyregionandsocialclasswillhaveabasicorminimumobjectiverequirementofknowledgeandabilityforpeoplelivingattheintersectionoftime,spaceandsocietyasmembersofthesociety.

6.單選題

Theadoffour-wheeledvehiclegivesviewersafeelingof（）thatnomatterwhathappensweatherwise,nomatterhowmuchitsnowsorhowbadthemudslidesare,youcangooutinyourfour-wheeldrive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invulnerability

B.irrationality

C.ambiguity

D.simplicity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)invulnerability“刀槍不入，不會(huì)受傷害”；B選項(xiàng)irrationality“不合理，無(wú)理性”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguity“含糊，不明確”；D選項(xiàng)simplicity“樸素，簡(jiǎn)易”。句意：四輪汽車(chē)的廣告給觀眾一種無(wú)堅(jiān)不摧的感覺(jué)，不管天氣如何，不管下多大的雪，不管泥石流有多嚴(yán)重，都可以開(kāi)著四輪汽車(chē)出門(mén)。本句表示四輪汽車(chē)不會(huì)受到傷害。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

I’djustassoon（

）rudelytoher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatyouwon’tspeak

B.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeak

D.youdidn’tspeak

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我倒寧愿你沒(méi)有粗魯?shù)貙?duì)她說(shuō)話。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“justassoon倒寧愿”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)（即你粗魯?shù)貙?duì)她說(shuō)話）相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故D項(xiàng)“youdidn’tspeak”正確。

8.單選題

TheFrencheducationsystemisverydifferentfromtheEnglishoneinitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.TheFrenchchildtoo,therawmaterialofthiseducationisunliketheEnglishchildanddifferencesintherawmaterialmaywellaccountfordifferencesintheprocessesemployed.

TheFrenchchild,boyorgirl,givesonetheimpressionofbeingintellectuallymoreprecociousthantheproductofthechillierEnglishclimate.Thisisencouragedbyhisupbringingamongadults,notinanursery.Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation.TheEnglishare,asregardsnationalcharacter,youngerthantheFrench,or,toputitanotherway,thereisinEnglandnodeepdivisionbetweenthelifeofthechildandthatofthegrownman.TheartoftalkingtochildreninthekindoflanguagetheyunderstandissomuchanEnglishartthatmostoftheFrenchchildren'sfavoritebooksaretranslationsfromtheEnglish.

Frenchparentsontheotherhand,dotheirbesttodevelopthechild'sintelligenceasrapidlyaspossible.Theyhavelittlepatiencewithchildishideaseveniftheydonotgosofarastolookuponchildhoodasanunfortunatebutnecessarypreludetoadultlife.Notthattheyneedtoforcethechild,forheusuallylendshimselfwillinglytotheprocess,andenjoystheeffectofhisunexpectedlycleverremarksandunusualsayingsandofhisbrightjudgmentofmenandthings.ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise.ReasonablenessislookedforearlyinFrance,andtheageofreasonisfixedatsevenyears.

1.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducationtheauthorindicatesthat（）.

2.ThepassagesuggeststhattheFrenchchild（）.

3.Theword"prelude"inthephrase"…,butnecessarypreludetoadultlife"(inthe2ndsentenceofParagraph3)probablymeans（）.

4.IncomparisonwithFrenchchildren,Englishchildren（）.

5.Frenchmothers（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreatdealcanbelearntbybothcountries

B.differencesshouldnotbelookedforonlyinthemethods

C.theFrenchchildneedsfarmoretraining

D.themaindifferencesareinthechildren

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.isasheisbecauseoftheclimate

B.onlyassociateswithadults

C.isnottreatedasachild

D.isforcedtobehavelikeanadult

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.introductorystage

B.consequentevent

C.inevitableresult

D.acceptablereason

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.arelessintelligent

B.canstandchillierclimate

C.receivemorecarefromtheirparents

D.haveshorterchildhood

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.knowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirchildren

B.arethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirchildren'slives

C.theirchildren'sunexpectedlycleverremarks

D.lackpatienceineverything

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,英國(guó)和法國(guó)在教育體系方面有著很大的差別。同時(shí),作為教育的"原材料",兩個(gè)國(guó)家的孩子們也存在著區(qū)別。教育所采取的方法不同是因?yàn)樵牧喜煌?即因人而異。由此可推斷,教育上的差異,不僅是教育方法不同,"原材料"也存在差異。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)二三的的內(nèi)容可知,法國(guó)的父母總是以成年人的思維對(duì)待和要求孩子,所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.introductorystage引入時(shí)期;consequentevent隨之而來(lái)的事情;inevitableresult必然結(jié)果;acceptablereason可接受的原因。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容,兒童時(shí)期是成人生活的前奏,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段的第三句"Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation."英國(guó)父母很容易根據(jù)孩子的觀點(diǎn)調(diào)整他們的談話,并且使自己能夠?qū)⒆觽兊挠螒蚝完P(guān)注的一些幼稚的東西感興趣。說(shuō)明英國(guó)的孩子比法國(guó)孩子受到父母更多的關(guān)愛(ài),選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Frenchmothers定位到最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句"ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise."法國(guó)母親不是通過(guò)要求孩子做個(gè)好人來(lái)打動(dòng)孩子的心,而是通過(guò)要求他做個(gè)聰明的人來(lái)打動(dòng)他的理智,這并非沒(méi)有意義。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

9.單選題

Theabilitytorecognizefacesissoimportantinhumansthatthebrainappearstohaveanareasolelydevotedtothetask:thefusiformgyrus.

Brainimagingstudiesconsistently（1）thatthisregionofthetemporallobebecomesactivewhen

（2）

lookatfaces.Skepticshavecountered,however,thatthesestudiesshowonlya

（3）

,butnotproof,thatactivityinthisareaisessentialforface

（4）

.Now,thankstothewillingnessofanintrepid

（5）

,anewstudyprovidesthefirstcause-and-effect

（6）

thatneuronsinthisareahelphumansrecognizefaces-andonly

（7）

，nototherbodypartsorobjects.

Anunusual

（8）

betweenresearchersandanepilepsypatientledtothe

（9）.RonBlackwell,anengineerinSantaClara,California,

（10）StanfordUniversityinPaloAlto,California,in2011seekingbettertreatment

（11）

hisepilepsy.Hehadsufferedseizuressincehewasateenager,andatage47,his

（12）

wasbecominglesseffective.StanfordneurologistJosefParvizi

（13）

someteststolocatethesourceoftheseizures-andalsosuggestedthatitmightbe

（14）

toeliminatetheseizuresbysurgicallydestroyingatiny

（15）

ofbraintissuewheretheyoccurred.

Parviziusedelectrodes

（16）

onBlackwell’sscalptotracetheseizurestothetemporallobe,aboutaninch

（17）

Blackwell’srightear.Then,surgeonsplacedmoreelectrodesonthe

（18）

ofBlackwell’sbrain,nearthesuspectpointoforigininthetemporal

（19）.Parvizistimulatedeachelectrodeinturnwithamildcurrent,trying

（20）Blackwell’sseizuresymptomsundersafeconditions.“Ifwegetthosesymptoms,weknowthatweareticklingtheseizurenode，”heexplains.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.investigate

B.reveal

C.find

D.found

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.researchers

B.people

C.human

D.objects

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.corrosion

B.counterfeit

C.correction

D.objects

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.recognition

B.realization

C.imagination

D.description

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.counterpart

B.fellow

C.sufferer

D.partner

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.evidence

B.source

C.wit

D.facture

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.facets

B.faces

C.facial

D.facile

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.collaboration

B.deliberation

C.matching

D.gathering

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.combination

D.discovery

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.droveto

B.heldup

C.cameto

D.madewayfor

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.forth

C.about

D.with

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.treatment

B.medication

C.perception

D.operation

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.pointed

B.managed

C.supplied

D.suggested

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.clear

B.worthy

C.possible

D.certain

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.area

B.segment

C.fragment

D.par

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.installed

B.settled

C.placed

D.distilled

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.above

C.beneath

D.across

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.surface

B.surficial

C.surfer

D.surfeit

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.scalp

B.section

C.lobe

D.leaf

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.toirrigate

B.totrigger

C.tobarrel

D.toflick

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。investigate調(diào)查，研究；reveal揭露，透露；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。這里指“通過(guò)腦成像研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)”，所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案C。

（2）考查名詞詞義辨析。此處意為：當(dāng)人們看著人臉時(shí)，顳葉的這一區(qū)域會(huì)變得活躍。people這里泛指所有人，故答案為B。

（3）考查名詞詞義辨析。corrosion腐蝕；counterfeit偽造品；correction改正；objects物體。由后文的“butnotproof沒(méi)有證據(jù)”可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案C。

（4）考查名詞詞義辨析。recognition識(shí)別，承認(rèn)；realization實(shí)現(xiàn)，領(lǐng)悟；imagination想象力；description描述。文章開(kāi)頭就指出“面孔識(shí)別能力非常重要”，故A項(xiàng)正確。答案A。

（5）考查名詞詞義辨析。intrepid勇敢的，無(wú)畏的，由于癲癇是一種病，綜合上下文，可以知道這里是選擇患者。Counterpart配對(duì)物；fellow同事；sufferer患者，受害者；partner伙伴，合伙人。答案C。

（6）考查名詞詞義辨析。evidence證據(jù)；source來(lái)源；wit智慧；facture制作，發(fā)票。通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，前面還沒(méi)有有力的證據(jù)可以說(shuō)明兩者之間的關(guān)系，后面已經(jīng)找到這種因果證據(jù)，所以，可知答案選擇A。

（7）考查形近詞辨析。facets面狀；face臉，表面；facial面部的；facile溫和的。神經(jīng)元只能區(qū)別臉部，后面nototherbody

partsorobjects.可知答案為B。

（8）考查名詞詞義辨析。collaboration合作，勾結(jié)；deliberation審議，考慮；matching相配的；gathering聚集。由betweenand可知這里考查的是兩者之間的合作,答案A。

（9）考查名詞詞義辨析。imagination想象；conclusion結(jié)論；combination結(jié)合；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境可知答案為D。

（10）考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。droveto驅(qū)車(chē)前往；heldup舉起；cameto前來(lái)；madewayfor給······讓路此處句意為：布萊克威爾只身來(lái)到斯坦福大學(xué)參加治療。只有C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)義。答案C。

（11）考查介詞詞義辨析。for“為，為了；給”，符合題意，答案A。

（12）考查名詞詞義辨析。treatment“治療，療法；medication“藥物；藥物治療”，分析上下文可知這里是指藥物治療，所以后面布萊克威爾才來(lái)到斯坦福做外科手術(shù)。答案B。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Point指向；supply供應(yīng)；manage管理；suggest表明。由alsosuggested可以推出此處答案為suggest，答案D。

（14）考查形容詞詞義辨析。Clear清晰的；worthy值得的；possible可能的；certain肯定的。帕維茨認(rèn)為是非?？赡艿?，這里只是他的推測(cè)，并不是很確定。故答案C。

（15）考查名詞詞義辨析。area區(qū)域，范圍；segment段，部分；fragment碎片，片斷；par標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，票面價(jià)值。由上下文可知答案為A。

（16）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Install安裝；settle解決，安排；place放置，任命；distill提取，蒸餾。由“placedmoreelectrodeson加更多電極在···上···”可知C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案C。

（17）考查介詞詞義辨析。醫(yī)生將電極放置在布萊克威爾的右耳上一英寸的地方，B項(xiàng)符合句意。答案B。

（18）考查形近詞詞義辨析。surface表面，表層；surficial地表的；地面的；surfer沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)員，surfeit過(guò)度；飲食過(guò)度；這里是指將電極放置在大腦的表皮層。答案A。

（19）考查名詞詞義辨析。Scalp頭皮，戰(zhàn)利品；section地區(qū)；lobe（腦、肺等的）葉，耳垂；leaf葉子。temporallobe表示顳葉，故答案為C。

（20）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。trigger引發(fā)，觸發(fā)；irrigate灌溉，沖洗；barrel把······裝入桶內(nèi)；flick輕彈，輕輕拂去。由句意“在安全的條件下嘗試了40次去觸發(fā)布萊克威爾的癲癇癥狀?！笨芍鸢笧锽。

10.單選題

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.“Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace.”

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline(腎上激素)arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil’sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,“ourparticularcreature”refersto（

）.

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan

（

）.

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen

（

）.

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat

（

）.

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fearofsomething

B.publicridicule

C.physicalpain

D.afiercebeast

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

B.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves

C.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

D.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.onecannotstandthedanger

B.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

C.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

D.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise

B.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise

C.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger

D.people’sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.parents’lifestyle

B.earlyexperiences

C.schooleducation

D.homeeducation

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.詞義題。文章第一段的首句Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.（在生命的各個(gè)階段，恐懼對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都幾乎是一個(gè)問(wèn)題）是本段的主題句，緊接著HoraceWalpole對(duì)所恐懼的東西進(jìn)行具體的舉例，如黑暗、身體疼痛、公開(kāi)嘲笑、貧困、孤獨(dú)，破折號(hào)后是對(duì)恐懼的這些東西的一個(gè)總的概括，由本段的主題fear及“forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace（對(duì)我們所有人來(lái)說(shuō)，這些特殊的東西藏在一個(gè)隱蔽的地方）”可知A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞usefulemotion定位到文章第二段，由Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.（同樣，當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)是心理而不是身體時(shí)，恐懼會(huì)迫使你采取自我保護(hù)措施）可知B選項(xiàng)“幫助我們快速應(yīng)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)，保護(hù)自己”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞aproblem定位到文章第二段Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.（只有當(dāng)恐懼與眼前的危險(xiǎn)不成比例時(shí)，它才會(huì)成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題）可知D選項(xiàng)“危險(xiǎn)比實(shí)際情況更大”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞newborn定位到文章第三段，本段的主題句為Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.（有些人比其他人更容易受到恐懼的傷害）。由Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.（從出生起，他或她更容易學(xué)會(huì)恐懼的反應(yīng)，因?yàn)樗蛩z傳了一種更敏感的傾向）可知有些人生下來(lái)就更容易受到恐懼的影響，舉例是為了表明本段的主題句，因此C選項(xiàng)“有些人天生就更容易受到危險(xiǎn)的影響”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞psychologists定位到文章第四段，由psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears（心理學(xué)家確信我們?cè)缙诘慕?jīng)歷和關(guān)系很大程度地塑造和決定了我們?nèi)蘸蟮目謶郑┛芍狟選項(xiàng)“早期的經(jīng)歷”符合題意。

11.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbebroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachexhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.

Everythingseemslife-threateninginamomentofpanic;thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

1.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat____________.

2.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves____________.

3.Humanresponsetostressis____________.

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto____________.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Stressisanimbalanceofinternalandexternaldemands

B.Controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.Relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.Stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.consideringthesituationinalternativeviewpoints

B.visualizingyourselfmanagingthestressful

C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms

D.asenseofbeingoverwhelmedbythesituation

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughbreathing

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第一二段對(duì)壓力這個(gè)話題進(jìn)行引入后，第三段最后一句Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control（壓力管理的目標(biāo)是自我控制）交代下文主要內(nèi)容，第四段講述Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.（可以控制壓力的身體癥狀需要放松。），第五段講述Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.（控制思想是壓力管理的第二個(gè)主要因素），第六段對(duì)文章進(jìn)行結(jié)尾，文章用了一半多的篇幅講述如何管理壓力，綜上可知，本文的主要觀點(diǎn)是B選項(xiàng)“控制身體的反應(yīng)和思想是管理壓力的有效方法”。A選項(xiàng)“壓力是內(nèi)在和外在需求的不平衡”：僅在第一段提到作為引入，沒(méi)有貫穿全文，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“放松是成功管理壓力的關(guān)鍵”：僅僅是主要觀點(diǎn)的一個(gè)方面，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“壓力管理需要一種解決問(wèn)題的方法”：文章沒(méi)有提到在解決問(wèn)題的層面緩解壓力，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第三句Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.（也就是說(shuō)，你必須考慮不同的觀點(diǎn)。），可知控制思想需要考慮不同觀點(diǎn)，所以A選項(xiàng)“用不同的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)考慮情況”正確。B選項(xiàng)“想象自己管理壓力”文章沒(méi)有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“消除身體癥狀的放松技巧”：屬于身體范疇，不是思想范疇，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“被形勢(shì)壓倒的感覺(jué)”：根據(jù)第五段最后一句Youmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.（你也必須避免夸大事件的重要性），表明要避免被形勢(shì)壓倒的感覺(jué)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.（人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)和對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)是不同的。），可知人們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)因人而異，所以D選項(xiàng)“個(gè)人的”正確，A選項(xiàng)“普遍的”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“根據(jù)性別變化”：文章沒(méi)有提到男女在面對(duì)壓力的不同。C選項(xiàng)“不變的”：文章主要內(nèi)容講如何調(diào)節(jié)壓力，可知對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)可以改變，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第一段stressisastateofimbalance（壓力是一種失衡的狀態(tài)）講述壓力是什么，通過(guò)Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.（它通常伴隨沖突出現(xiàn)，并出現(xiàn)在沖突之前。）講述為什么產(chǎn)生壓力，根據(jù)第二段Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.（減輕一些強(qiáng)烈的即時(shí)情緒反應(yīng)將使我們?cè)诮鉀Q沖突時(shí)變得更有邏輯性和寬容）講為什么要管理壓力，在第三到第五段講怎樣管理壓力，綜上分析，可知作者的主要目的是讓讀者認(rèn)識(shí)壓力和學(xué)習(xí)管理壓力，所以B選項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)讀者如何控制壓力”正確。A選項(xiàng)“解釋壓力和沖突之間的關(guān)系”：屬于為什么產(chǎn)生壓力，不全面，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“描述放松技巧”和D選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)服讀者通過(guò)呼吸來(lái)減輕壓力”：屬于怎樣管理壓力，不全面，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“回想起來(lái)，事情就不那么重要了”：事情重要與否和壓力能否控制不是一回事，不能相提并論，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“壓力是需求之間的不平衡”：這里點(diǎn)出為什么會(huì)有壓力，卻沒(méi)有表示需求和控制壓力的關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)不同，就像他們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)不同一樣”：只是點(diǎn)出壓力因人而異，沒(méi)有提到能否控制，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“成功地管理壓力需要思維上的靈活性”：這里點(diǎn)出了成功地管理壓力，表示壓力可以通過(guò)管理而得到控制，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Television一thatmostpervasive(遍布的)andpersuasiveofmoderntechnologies,markedbyrapidchangeandgrowth—ismovingintoanewera,aneraofextraordinarysophisticationandversatility,whichpromisestoreshapeourlivesandourworld.Itisanelectronicrevolutionofsorts,madepossiblebythemarriageoftelevisionandcomputertechnologies.

Theword“television”,derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(vision:sight)roots,canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicsimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireoracable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.

Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicssystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhumanbeings.

Thefieldoftelevisioncanbedividedintotwocategoriesdeterminedbyitsmeansoftransmission.First,thereisbroadcasttelevision,whichreachedthemassesthroughbroad-basedairwavetransmissionoftelevisionsignals.Second,thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidedfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques.

Traditionally,televisionhasbeenamediumofthemasses.Wearemostfamiliarwithbroadcasttelevisionbecauseithasbeenwithusforthirty-sevenyearsinaformsimilartowhatexiststoday.Duringthoseyears,ithasbeencontrolled,forthemostpart,bythebroadcastnetworks,ABC,NBC,andCBS,whohavebeenthemajorpurveyors(傳播者)ofthenews,informationandentertainment.Thesegiantsofbroadcastinghavenotonlyshapedtelevisionbutourperception(感覺(jué))aswell.Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.

1.Withwhichtopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.Theword“put”（2ndsentenceof2ndPara.）couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasafunctionofelectronicsintelevisiontransmissions?

4.Whatfieldoftelevisionisintendedforspecificgroups?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweentelevisionanditsviewerscanbestbeinferredfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Recentchangesinmodemtechnology.

B.Themarriageofbroadcastinggiants.

C.Theroleoftelevisionintoday’ssociety.

D.Thecontentofbroadcasttelevisionprograms.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.expressed

B.asked

C.placed

D.inserted

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theconversionofimageintoelectronicsimpulses.

B.Thesendingofimpulsesthroughawirecable.

C.Thechangingofoneimageintoanotherimage.

D.Thefeedingofimpulsesintoareceiver.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Broad-based.

B.Reconstituted.

C.Traditional.

D.Non-broadcast.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Viewersdonottakeanactiveroleinwatchingtelevision.

B.Viewerswouldpreferincreasednewscoverage.

C.Viewersliketousetelevisiontoreachotherhumanbeings.

D.Viewersaregrowntiredoftelevision.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨題。文章第一段講到電視將改變我們的生活和我們的世界，接下來(lái)講述了電視在當(dāng)今社會(huì)所扮演的角色。所以選項(xiàng)C最能概括全文。

2.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)前后文可知，verysimplyput可以理解為“簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)”，這里的put意為“表達(dá)”，所以本題選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicsimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireoracable.”可知選項(xiàng)A和B正確；根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確，而選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤。原文指轉(zhuǎn)換成相同的圖像，而不是把一種圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種圖像。所以本題選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidedfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroups”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.”我們的娛樂(lè)來(lái)源于顯像管，在這個(gè)靜態(tài)的媒體面前扮演著被動(dòng)的觀看者的角色。選項(xiàng)A換了一種方式表達(dá)，也是符合原文的。

13.單選題

Bankershavebeenblamingthemselvesfortheirtroubleinpublic.Behindthescenes,theyhavebeentakingaimatsomeoneelse:theaccountingstandard-setters.Theirrules,moanthebanks,haveforcedthemtoreportenormouslosses,andit’sjustnotfair.Theserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepriceathirdpartywouldpay,notthepricemanagersandregulatorswouldlikethemtofetch.

Unfortunately,banks’lobbyingnowseemstobeworking.Thedetailsmaybeunknowable,buttheindependenceofstandard-setters,essentialtotheproperfunctioningofcapitalmarkets,isbeingcompromised.And,unlessbankscarrytoxicassetsatpricesthatattractbuyers,revivingthebankingsystemwillbedifficult.

AfterabruisingencounterwithCongress,America’sFinancialAccountingStandardsBoard(FASB)rushedthroughrulechanges.Thesegavebanksmorefreedomtousemodelstov