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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華北科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題
HeavyrainfallinthesouthofEnglandmeansthatfloodingis(
).
問題1選項
A.imminent
B.momentous
C.transient
D.prospective
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。imminent“即將發(fā)生的;迫近的”;momentous“重要的;重大的”;transient“短暫的;路過的”;prospective“未來的;預(yù)期的”。句意:英格蘭南部的暴雨意味著即將有洪水發(fā)生。選項A符合題意。
2.問答題
The(A)fantasticachievementsofmoderntechnologyandthespeed(B)withwhichscientificdiscoveriesare(C)translatedintotechnologicalapplications(D)attesttothetriumphofhumanefforts.
【答案】B;“with”改為“at”。
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的驚人成就和科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為技術(shù)應(yīng)用的速度證明了人類努力的勝利。句中“withwhich”引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞“speed”,因為有固定搭配“atthespeed”表示“以……的速度”,所以將B項的介詞“with”改為“at”。
3.寫作題
Describechildrensurfingthenetbrieflyandgiveyourcomments.
【答案】Nowadays,theInternetisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsthroughouttheworld.TheInternetisacollectionofvariousservicesandresourcesforpeople.AlmostallhouseholdshaveaccesstotheInternet;however,beforepeopleconnectingtheInternet,theyneedtobeawareofitsdisadvantagesandadvantages.Childrenofnetusershavebecomeabigconcern.MostparentsdonotrealizethedangersinvolvedwhentheirchildrenlogontotheInternet.Whenchildrenareonline,theycaneasilybeluredintosomethingdangerous.Whenchildrentalktoothersonline,theydonotrealizetheycouldactuallybetalkingtoaharmfulperson.Asaresult,therehavebeenmanycaseswherechildrenhavebeenconvincedtomeetpeopletheyhavetalkedwithonline.Inaddition,childrenmayalsoreceivepornographyonlinebymistake;therefore,causingconcernamongparentseverywhere.WhethersurfingtheWeb,readingnewsgroups,orusingemail,childrencanbeexposedtoextremelyinappropriatematerial.Pornographicsitestendtomakesuretheyarethefirstsitestobelistedinanysearcharea;thus,childrencomeacrosssuchsiteseasily.
Wecouldcontroltheissuefromthefollowingthreeaspects.Firstandforemost,parentsareresponsiblefortheirownchildrenontheInternetbecausethereareavailableservicestoprotectchildren.Further,tokeepchildrensafe,parentsandteachersmustbeawareofthedangers.Theymustactivelyguideandguardtheirchildrenonlineandshouldtalktochildrenaboutwhatisonlineandwhatmighthappenonline.Inaddition,thecompaniesshoulddevelopanumberoftoolsavailabletodaythatmayhelpkeeptheInternetenvironmentsaferforchildren.Inotherwords,childrenwanttoexplorethings;however,therearepeopleontheInternetthatarejusttoopersuasive.
4.單選題
TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilestablishedtheICTRin1995totrytheallegedperpetratorsofthe1994(
)inRwandathatclaimedthelivesofmorethan800,000people.
問題1選項
A.genocide
B.immigration
C.discrimination
D.election
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。genocide“種族滅絕,種族屠殺”;immigration“移民”;discrimination“歧視,區(qū)別”;election“選舉;當(dāng)選”。句意:聯(lián)合國安理會于1995年建立了盧旺達(dá)國際刑事法庭,來審判1994年導(dǎo)致八十多萬人死亡的盧旺達(dá)大屠殺中被指控的兇手。選項A符合題意。
5.單選題
Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovementinthelatenineteenthcentury______theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical.
問題1選項
A.diffuses
B.undermines
C.supports
D.underscores
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項diffuse“擴(kuò)散,傳播”,B項undermine“逐漸削弱(信心、權(quán)威等),漸漸破壞”,C項support“支持,幫助,支撐”,D項underscore“強(qiáng)調(diào),劃線于……下”。根據(jù)句子可知,句子缺少一個謂語動詞,由Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovement(積極分子為婦女選舉權(quán)和禁酒運動所做的積極工作)和theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical(這兩個運動是敵對的斷言)可判斷,這兩者的關(guān)系是“削弱”,B項符合。句意:19世紀(jì)晚期,積極分子為婦女選舉權(quán)和禁酒運動所做的積極工作削弱了這兩個運動是敵對的論斷。因此,該題選擇B項。
6.單選題
(
)wecontinuetoworkhard,wecanfinishthetaskaheadofschedule.
問題1選項
A.Assoonas
B.Asfaras
C.Solongas
D.Sofaras
【答案】C
【解析】考察固定搭配。assoonas一…就;asfaras至于;sofaras到目前為止;solongas“只要”,句意:我們只要繼續(xù)努力工作,就能在計劃之前完成工作。選項C符合句意。
7.單選題
Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.
問題1選項
A.muchmoretoread
B.muchlesstoread
C.muchlessreading
D.stillmorereading
【答案】B
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.muchmoretoread要讀得更多
B.muchlesstoread更不用說去讀
C.muchlessreading更不用說讀D.stillmorereading仍然更多的閱讀
【考查點】比較級的用法。
【解題思路】句子中謂語動詞find的真正賓語是toread…,所以比較成分中同樣要用to的不定式;而muchless為常見用法,表示“更不用說”,符合句子意思。故該題選擇B項。
【干擾項排除】
A選項不符合句子意思,與主句語意相矛盾;
C、D選項中的reading和主句中賓語成分結(jié)構(gòu)不對等。
【句意】事實上,幾乎每一位科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在都發(fā)現(xiàn),要讀完與自己學(xué)科相關(guān)的所有著作是不可能的,更不用說廣泛閱讀學(xué)科之外的著作了。
8.單選題
Fiveyearsago,thatcoupleboughtthehouse()_makingaquickprofitoutofit.
問題1選項
A.witheyesopento
B.ingoodeyesat
C.withaneyeto
D.byaneyeat
【答案】C
【解析】詞組辨析。withaneyeto“著眼于,指望著”為固定搭配。沒有A、B和D項的搭配,可排除。句意:五年前,那對夫婦買下這所房子,希望能很快從中獲利。選項C符合題意。
9.單選題
Somepeoplesaythatthestudyofliberalartsisauselessluxurywecannotaffordinhardtimes.Students,theyargue,whodonotdevelopsalableskillswillfinditdifficulttolandajobupongraduation.Butthereisaprobleminspeakingof“salableskills.”Whatskillsaresalable?Rightnow,skillsformakingautomobilesarenothighlysalable,buttheyhavebeenfordecadesandmightbeagain.Skillsinteachingarenotnowassalableastheywereduringthepast20years,andthepopulationchartsindicatetheymaynotbesoonagain.Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates.What’smore,ifonewantstobuildacurriculumexclusivelyonwhatissalable,onewillhavetomakethecourseveryshortandchangethemveryoften,inordertokeepupwiththerapidchangesinthejobmarket.Butwillnottheeffortbeinvain?Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.
ASchoolthatdevotesitselftotallytosalableskills,especiallyinatimeofhighunemployment,sendingyoungmenandwomenintotheworldarmedwithonlyanarrowrangeofskills,isalsosendinglambsintothelion’sden.Ifthosepeoplegainnothingmorefromtheirstudiesthansupposedlysalableskills,andcan’tmakethesalebecauseofchangesinthejobmarket,theyhavebeencheated.Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough.Flexibility,anabilitytochangeandlearnnewthings,isavaluableskill.Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.
1.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthattheauthorisinfavorof
______.
2.Theword“fluctuate”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.
3.Accordingtotheauthor,whoofthefollowingismorelikelytogetajobintimesofhighunemployment?
4.Accordingtotheauthor,indevelopingacurriculumschoolsshould______.
問題1選項
A.teachingpracticalskillsthatcanbesoldinthecurrentjobmarket
B.aflexiblecurriculumthatchangeswiththetimes
C.aliberaleducation
D.keepingabalancebetweenthesupplyanddemandinthelabormarket
問題2選項
A.remainsteady
B.changeinanirregularway
C.followasetpattern
D.becomeworseandworse
問題3選項
A.Apersonwiththeabilitytolearnbyhimself
B.Aconstructionworker
C.Acarrepairman
D.Apersonwithquiteafewsalableskills
問題4選項
A.predictthesalabilityofskillsinthefuturejobmarket
B.takethecurrentjobmarketintoconsideration
C.considerwhatskillaresalable
D.focusontheabilitytoadapttochanges
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:D
【解析】1.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.(在一個人們可以自由學(xué)習(xí)他們想要的東西、在他們想要的地方工作、在他們想要的地方投資的社會里,我們不可能使勞動力的供求完全一致)可知作者沒有特地支持哪一種教育,而是支持他們自由地學(xué)習(xí)。C選項“自由的教育”,符合文章內(nèi)容,C選項正確。A選項“教授一些實用的技能,這些技能可以在當(dāng)前的就業(yè)市場上得到銷售”,作者在文中寫到,不確定哪些技能值得推銷,可排除A選項。B選項“隨時代變化的靈活課程”,文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項“保持勞動力市場供求平衡”,文章提到并不能做到勞動力供求一致,D選項可排除。因此C選項正確。
2.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates(隨著就業(yè)市場的波動,住房建造技能的變化是銷售能力變化的另一個例子)。選項B“不規(guī)則的變化”,文章所說,就業(yè)市場的波動,可以理解為不規(guī)則的變化,選項B正確。選項A“保持穩(wěn)定”,不符合文章的內(nèi)容,可排除。選項C“依照成法”,不符合文章內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項“日就衰敗”,不符合文章內(nèi)容,可排除。因此B選項正確。
3.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第二段第三句Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough(但如果這些技能很受歡迎,如果學(xué)習(xí)能讓他們更好地了解周圍的世界,并能更好地適應(yīng)不斷變化的世界,那么他們就沒有受騙。他們很快就會找到工作的)。由此句可推測,那些擁有自學(xué)能力的人,可以在高失業(yè)率下找到工作。A選項“有自學(xué)能力的人”,符合文章內(nèi)容,A選項正確。B選項“建筑工人”,文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容,B選項排除。C選項“汽車修理工”,文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項“一個有相當(dāng)多的銷售技巧的人”,一所完全致力于銷售技能的學(xué)校,尤其是在高失業(yè)率的時候,就是把男女送進(jìn)虎穴,可排除D選項。因此A選項正確。
4.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.(學(xué)會了如何學(xué)習(xí)的人可以在校外學(xué)習(xí)。那是我們大多數(shù)人學(xué)會做我們所做的事情的地方,而不是在學(xué)校。學(xué)會學(xué)習(xí)是最高的自由技能之一)。由此句可推測,要學(xué)會如何學(xué)習(xí),關(guān)注適應(yīng)變化的能力。D選項“關(guān)注適應(yīng)變化的能力”,符合文章內(nèi)容,因此D選項正確。A選項“預(yù)測技能在未來就業(yè)市場的銷售能力”,銷售能力只是有限的技能,A選項排除。B選項“把當(dāng)前的就業(yè)市場也考慮進(jìn)去”,文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容,可排除。C選項“考慮什么技能是可以銷售的”,文章沒有提到這個內(nèi)容,可排除C選項。因此D選項正確。
10.單選題
Mary()myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
問題1選項
A.hasreceived
B.oughttohavereceived
C.couldn'thavereceived
D.shouldhavereceived
【答案】C
【解析】辨析題。句意:Mary不可能收到了我的信,
否則她早就回復(fù)我了。只有選項C符合句意。
11.單選題
Althoughtherehasbeenagreatdealofconstructionattheuniversityinthelastfewyears,butthecampusstillfeelsfairlyopenanduncluttered.
問題1選項
A.therehasbeen
B.attheuniversityinthelast
C.butthe
D.feelsfairlyopenanduncluttered
E.沒有問題
【答案】C
【解析】連詞多余。去掉but。句子中已經(jīng)有了從屬連詞although,故并列連詞but多余。
12.填空題
Inthe8thcenturygigakufellintodisfavorbecauseitsfrivolous(愚蠢的)character________theJapaneserulersoftheperiod.(please)
【答案】displeased
【解析】【考查點】動詞。
【解題思路】because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,橫線處為謂語動詞。根據(jù)時間8thcentury,可知句子時態(tài)為一般過去時。這里指的是伎樂愚蠢可笑的特點讓統(tǒng)治者_(dá)_____,因此伎樂不受歡迎,displease的意思為“使惱怒,使生氣,使不悅”,符合語境,其過去式為displeased。
【句意】在8世紀(jì),伎樂因其愚蠢可笑的特點,當(dāng)時的日本統(tǒng)治者聽了不悅,因此不受歡迎。
13.單選題
Theartisthasmadea()ofcombiningthefirst-ratephotographyanddesignwithadvancedtechnologyineverypieceofworkheproduces.
問題1選項
A.discipline
B.principle
C.proposal
D.principal
【答案】A
【解析】discipline學(xué)科,紀(jì)律,訓(xùn)練,懲罰;principle原則,原理;proposal建議,提議;principal首長,校長。句意:這位藝術(shù)家在他的每一件作品中都把一流的攝影和設(shè)計與先進(jìn)的技術(shù)結(jié)合起來。選項A符合句意。
14.單選題
________theythinkitwillcometoanendthroughthehandsofGod,oranaturaldisasterorapoliticalevent,whateverthereason,nearly15percentofpeopleworldwidethinktheendoftheworldiscoming,accordingtoanewpoll.
問題1選項
A.Either
B.Whether
C.Neither
D.If
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:一項最新調(diào)查顯示,全世界近15%的人認(rèn)為世界末日即將來臨。要么是通過上帝之手,要么是天災(zāi)或者政治事件。根據(jù)題干中…or…可知空格處應(yīng)填寫與之搭配的詞語,只有either…or…符合要求。因此A選項符合題意。
15.問答題
Indealingwithastudentwhoisactingaggressivelytowardhisclassmates,youwanttosendastrongmessagethataggressivebehaviorwillnotbetoleratedinyourclassroom.Inaddition,youwanttohelphimdevelopmoreappropriatewaysofsettlingdisputeswithhispeers.
Iftwoelementaryschoolstudentsareengagedinafight,useastrongloudvoicetostopit.Ifthatdoesn’twork,youmightsaysomethingodd(“Lookup!Theceilingisfalling!”)todiverttheirattention.Iftheystilldon’tstopandyoucan’tseparatethem,sendastudenttotheofficetogethelp.Ifacrowdofchildrenisgathering,insistthattheymoveawayorsitdown,perhapsclappingyourhandstogettheirattention:(1)Aftertheincidentisover,meetwiththecombatantstogethersotheycangiveyoutheirversionsofwhathappenedandyoucanhelpthemresolveanylingeringproblems.Alsonotifytheparents.
Speakinafirm,no-nonsensemannertostopastudent’saggressivebehavior:usephysicalrestraintasalastresort.Whenrespondingtothestudent,payattentiontoyourverbalaswellasnon-verballanguage.Evenifheisyellingatyou,staycalm.Allowhimtoexpresswhatheisupsetaboutwithoutinterruptinghimandthenacknowledgehisfeelings.Avoidcrossingyourarms,pointingafingerormakingthreats:(2)anyofthoseactionscouldintensifyhisangerandstiffenhisresistance.
Youmightconcludethatastudent’saggressivebehaviorwarrantsseparatinghimfromtherestoftheclass,eithertosendhimastrongmessagethatwhathedidmeritsaseriousconsequenceortoprotecttheotherstudents.Youcandothatbygivinghimatimeoutinclassorbysendinghimtotheoffice.
Althoughhemightexpectyoutoreact(3)punitively,surprisehimbyreactingsupportively.Expressyourconfidencethathecanresolveproblemswithoutbeinghurtfultohispeers.Tellhimthatyouthinkhemustbeupsetaboutsomethingtolosecontrolashedidandyouwanttounderstandwhatmightbebotheringhim.Ifhedoesopenuptoyou,listenattentivelywithoutinterrupting.(4)Speakinginacalmvoice,tellhimthatyouunderstandwhyhewasupset,butstressthathehastofindawaytoexpresshisangerwithwordsratherthanwithhishands.
Youdon’twanttoforceanaggressivestudenttosayheissorrybecausethatmightfuelhisanger,however,youdowanttostronglyencouragehimtomakeamendswiththestudenthehit.(5)Ifheiswillingtodothat,itwillhelpsoothehurtfeelingsandavoidfutureconflicts.
【答案】答:
1.Youneedtochatwithcombatantsengagedinthefightsoonafterwards,toknowthedetaileddescriptionofincidentsandhelptoreconcilethebothside,andinformtheirparents.
2.Anycriticalspeechandactivitywillintensifyaggressivestudent’sangerandstiffenhisresistance.
3.involvingpunishment
4.Speakingtohimcalmlytotellyourunderstandingabouthisupset,youstressthatheshouldlearntoexpressintenseemotionwithwordsratherthanwithfightingways.
5.Onceanaggressivestudentiswillingtosaysorrywithoutinstruction,itwillhelpsoothothers’hurtfeelingandavoidfutureconflicts.
【解析】1.原文句意是:事件結(jié)束后,與打架的雙方學(xué)生見面,讓他們告訴你發(fā)生了什么,幫助他們化解相互之間的矛盾,同時還要通知家長。通過分析原文句子,該句的意思是兩層:一是在打架后和學(xué)生談話并了解情況,二是通知家長。故該句子可以改寫為Youneedtochatwithcombatantsengagedinthefightsoonafterwards,toknowthedetaileddescriptionofincidentsandhelptoreconcilethebothside,andinformtheirparents(你需要和打架同學(xué)交談,了解事件的詳情,幫助調(diào)解雙方,并告知他們的父母)。
2.原文句意是:任何這些行為都可能加劇他的憤怒和加強(qiáng)他的抵抗。根據(jù)原文可知原句中的thoseactions指的是上文所提到的行為,上文提到Evenifheisyellingatyou,staycalm.(即使他對你大喊大叫,你也要保持冷靜)和Avoidcrossingyourarms,pointingafingerormakingthreats(避免交叉雙臂,用手指或威脅),由此可知,thoseactions指的是言語和動作上的行為,所以該句可以擴(kuò)充改寫為Anycriticalspeechandactivitywillintensifyaggressivestudent’sangerandstiffenhisresistance(任何批評性的言論和活動都會加劇好斗學(xué)生的憤怒,加強(qiáng)他們的反抗)。
3.原文中這個詞語的意思是“懲罰地”;整個句子的意思是:雖然他可能期望你的反應(yīng)是懲罰性的,但讓他驚訝的是你的反應(yīng)是支持的。這里可以把punitively副詞形式改寫為非謂語動詞形式involvingpunishment(設(shè)計懲罰)。
4.原文句意是:用平靜的聲音告訴他,你理解他為什么難過,但強(qiáng)調(diào)他必須用語言來表達(dá)憤怒,而不是用手。原文的clam(冷靜的)可以改為副詞,即calmly(冷靜地);anger(憤怒)可以換一種說法,即intenseemotion(強(qiáng)烈的感情);那么整個句子就是Speakingtohimcalmlytotellyourunderstandingabouthisupset,youstressthatheshouldlearntoexpressintenseemotionwithwordsratherthanwithfightingways(平靜地和他說話,告訴他你理解他的難過,強(qiáng)調(diào)他應(yīng)該學(xué)會用語言而不是用爭斗的方式表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的情感)。
5.原文句意是:如果他愿意這樣做,這將有助于安撫受傷的感情,避免未來的沖突。這個句子我們要理解原句中that所指代的內(nèi)容;原文最后一段第一句提到y(tǒng)oudowanttostronglyencouragehimtomakeamendswiththestudenthehit.(你確實想要強(qiáng)烈鼓勵他向他打過的學(xué)生賠罪),由此可知,that所指代的內(nèi)容就是鼓勵學(xué)生道歉;那么這個句子可以解釋為Onceanaggressivestudentiswillingtosaysorrywithoutinstruction,itwillhelpsoothothers’hurtfeelingandavoidfutureconflicts(一旦一個好斗的學(xué)生愿意在沒有得到指導(dǎo)的情況下說對不起,這將有助于緩解他人受到的傷害,避免未來的沖突)。
16.單選題
Sinceitwaslastsubstantiallyreformed30yearsago,theU.S.PostalServicehasusuallyturnedaprofit:itsgovernment-mandatedmonopolyisonereason.Butsizeisanother.WhenU.S.postageratesareincreasedbyasinglepenny,another$1billonpoursintotheUSPS.Thismonopolyhasplentyofaddedbonuses.Lettercarriersreceivefederalbenefitsanddon’thavetopayparkingtickets.Theservicepaysnosalesorpropertytaxes,nolicensefeesforitsmailtrucks.Thepostalservicealsoplanstoincreasethecostofmailingmagazines15%,amovethathasraisedtheangerofmagazinepublishers.
Thereisnoshortageofcritics.Newspaperheadlinebemoanthe“PostalDisservice”andcryforprivatization.Oklahomalegislatorshavepassedaresolutionchallengingtheservice'stax-exemptstatus.FederalstudieschargetheUSPSwitheverythingfrommismanagementtomisappropriation.Accordingtothefederallimes,thepostoffice’sInternationalBusinessUnitwasgivenfundingandastaffof200tocreateanextensivegloballogisticsnetworkthatwassupposedtogenerate$10billioninrevenueby2005.Theprograms,knownasGlobalPriorityMailandGlobalPackageLink,flopped.YetanotherauditfoundthattheUSPSlossesmorethan$1billonayearbynotcollectinginternationaldutiesonpackages.Perhapsworstofall,CNFTransportation,whichownsEmeiyWorldwide,issuingthepostofficefornotpayingitsbillsonanoverseas-deliveryjointventure.
Newalliances-liketheonewithFedEx-maybetheUSPS’sbestchanceforsurvivalinadigitalworld,wheresuccessislessaboutdeliveringenvelopesthanaboutoptimizingnetworksandmanaginginformation.
Ultimately,however,therealbeneficiaryofaUSPS-FedExalliancewillbetheMemphis-basedpowerhouse.Besidesgainingaccesstothat“l(fā)astmile”tosomeone'smailbox,FedExcouldleveragethearrangementbyplantingdrop-offboxesinpost-officelobbies.Evenifgovernmentregulatorslimitthecombinationonantitrustgrounds,FedExissteamingaheadwithotherjointventures,includingadealwiththeFrenchpostalagencyLaPoste.FredSmithhasalreadyprovedFedEx'sglobalstrength.Mostanalystsseehisdomesticstrategyasacleverwaytopositionhis29-year-oldcompanyforwhatmanybelievewillbetheUSPS’inevitabledissolution.
Unlessitundergoesradicalreformsoon,theU.S.PostalService'sdaysareprobablynumbered.Evenitsprimarymarket,firstclassmail,isexpectedtoshrink27%overthenextdecade,representingthelossofanadditional$17billioninrevenues.AndsomeanalystswarnthatdealswithprivatecarrierswillsimplyundercutUSPSassets,leavingitwithlittlemorethanitsmostrural-andleastprofitable-routestoserve.
PostmasterGeneralHendersonresistseventhesuggestionthatPostalServicecoulddisappearandhasvowedtoshakeuphismassiveorganization.YetintestimonytoCongresslastmonth,heseemedresignedtoafatethatisuncertainatbest.Ashearguedforsupportofthepostalreformbillthathaslanguishedincommitteeformanyyears,theUSPSveteranfellbackonasentimentalplea.Hecitedstatisticsshowingthat66%ofallAmericanbelievethemailisourmostprivateandsecurefromofcommunication.“Thesefindingsareatestimonytotheenduringstrengthanduniquepowerofthemail,”saidHenderson.“Peoplelookforwardtothemail,andwhenitarrives,theygiveittheirundividedattention.”
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementisthecorrectreasonwhyUSPSiscriticized?
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
3.TherealchanceforthesurvivaloftheUSPSinthepresentdigitalworldis().
4.Accordingtotheauthor,therealbeneficiaryofaUSPS-FedExallianceis().
5.Whatisthecorrectmeaningtotheworld“l(fā)anguish”inthelastparagraphofthepassage?
問題1選項
A.Thegovernment-mandatedmonopolyoftheUSPS.
B.Thetax-exemptstatusoftheUSPS.
C.ThemisuseoffundsoftheUSPSwhichcausesgreatlossesforthegovernment
D.Allofabove.
問題2選項
A.Newprograms,likeGlobalPriorityandGlobalPackageLinkmakeprofitsforUSPSaswell.
B.Thegovernment-mandatedmonopolygivesUSPSmanyopportunitiestoearnmoney.
C.TheavoidingofpayingtaxesisanotherwaythatUSPSusestoincreaseitsprofit.
D.ThebigsizeisonereasonthatUSPSmakesprofitsinthelast30years.
問題3選項
A.newalliance
B.thedealwithforeignpostalagencyLaPoste
C.thesupportofthepostal-reformbill
D.radicalreform
問題4選項
A.USPS
B.Memphis
C.FedEx
D.otherjointventures
問題5選項
A.plea
B.support
C.decay
D.suggest
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“下列哪些陳述是USPS受到指責(zé)的正確原因?”文章第二段提到報紙頭條嘆息USPS在郵政上幫倒忙并呼吁私有化(Newspaperheadlinebemoanthe“PostalDisservice”andcryforprivatization),由此可知選項A是其中之一,排除;第二段提到俄克拉荷馬州的立法者通過了一項決議,決定改變郵政服務(wù)的免稅狀態(tài)(Oklahomalegislatorshavepassedaresolutionchallengingtheservice’stax-exemptstatus),由此可知選項B是受指責(zé)的原因之一;第二段倒數(shù)第二句話提到USPS投資的全球化優(yōu)先郵件和全球包裹鏈公司的失敗可知選項C是受指責(zé)的原因之一。綜上,選項D“全部都是”符合題意。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章,下列哪個陳述是不正確的?”文章第一段前兩句提到自從30年前最后一次實質(zhì)性的改革以來,美國郵政服務(wù)通常都是盈利的:其中一個原因是政府強(qiáng)制的壟斷;另一個原因是規(guī)模(Sinceitwaslastsubstantiallyreformed30yearsago,theU.S.PostalServicehasusuallyturnedaprofit:itsgovernment-mandatedmonopolyisonereason.Butsizeisanother.),因此選項B與D表述是正確的,排除;文章第一段提到“這種壟斷有很多額外的好處。郵遞員可以銷售聯(lián)邦不利,而且不需要支付停車費。這項服務(wù)不需要支付銷售或者資產(chǎn)稅,也不需要為其有車支付許可證費用”(Thismonopolyhasplentyofaddedbonuses.Lettercarriersreceivefederalbenefitsanddon’thavetopayparkingtickets.Theservicepaysnosalesorpropertytaxes,nolicensefeesforitsmailtrucks.),由此可知選項C“避稅是USPS增加利潤的另一種方式”表述正確。綜上,選項A符合題意。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“USPS在當(dāng)今數(shù)字世界中生存的真正機(jī)會是……”。文章第五段第一句話提到“除非進(jìn)行徹底的改革,否則美國郵政服務(wù)的日子可能快到頭了”(Unlessitundergoesradicalreformsoon,theU.S.PostalService'sdaysareprobablynumbered),由此可知選項D“徹底的改變”符合題意。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在作者看來,USPS與FedEx的聯(lián)合真正受惠者是……”。文章第四段第二句話提到“除了真正實現(xiàn)至某人郵箱‘最后一英里’,聯(lián)邦快遞公司可以通過在郵局大廳設(shè)立了投遞箱來合理安排”,由此可知真正受惠的是FedEx公司,因此選項C符合題意。
5.詞義題。題目問的是“文章最后一段languish這個單詞的意思是什么?”該詞出現(xiàn)在句子Ashearguedforsupportofthepostalreformbillthathaslanguishedincommitteeformanyyears,theUSPSveteranfellbackonasentimentalplea,根據(jù)句子中support與plea可以排除選項B與C;suggest前要有執(zhí)行主語,顯然將其代入句子中缺少執(zhí)行主語,因此只有選項A符合題意。
17.單選題
Thelocalbusinesswasnotmuch___bythesuddenoutbreakoftheepidemic.
問題1選項
A.intervened
B.insulated
C.hampered
D.pampered
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項intervened“介入(intervene的過去式和過去分詞)”;B選項insulated“有隔熱(或隔音、絕緣)保護(hù)的”;C選項hampered“受阻礙的”;D選項pampered“飲食過量的;飲食奢侈的”。句意:這種流行病的突然爆發(fā)并沒有給當(dāng)?shù)氐纳虡I(yè)帶來多大的___。本句表達(dá)“當(dāng)?shù)氐纳虡I(yè)并沒有受阻礙”,因此C選項正確。
18.單選題
WhichoftheitalicizedpartsindicatedCONTRAST?
問題1選項
A.Sheopenedthedoorandquietlywentin.
B.VictorialikesmusicSamisfondofsports.
C.Thinkitoveragainyou’llgetananswer.
D.Heissomewhatarrogant,Idon’tlikethis.
【答案】B
【解析】考查連詞用法。題干:哪個斜體部分表示對比?
A選項表示并列;B選項表示對比;C選項表示遞進(jìn);D選項表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
19.寫作題
Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteapassageinatleast200wordsonthefollowingtopic.Youshoulduseanappropriatetitleforyourpassage.
Moreandmorestudentschoosetogoabroadforhighereducation.Doyouthinkthebenefitsoutweightheproblemsassociatedwithit?
【答案】GoAbroadforHigherEducation,ADouble-edgedSword20.單選題
The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.
問題1選項
A.contributions
B.occupations
C.expostulations
D.amendments
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“contribution”,意為“貢獻(xiàn),捐款”;B選項“occupation”,意為“占有權(quán),職業(yè)”;C選項“expostulation”意為“勸導(dǎo),忠告”;D選項“amendment”,意為“改善,修正建議”。句意:她建議討論的修正案是基于最新的醫(yī)學(xué)研究。因此,D選項符合題意。
21.翻譯題
改革開放以來,中國找到了一條適合自己國情的促進(jìn)和發(fā)展人權(quán)的道路。中國是一個歷史悠久、人口眾多、資源和財富相對短缺的東方發(fā)展中國家。在這樣一個國家促進(jìn)人權(quán),既不能照搬西方發(fā)達(dá)國家的人權(quán)發(fā)展模式,也不能因襲其他發(fā)展中國家的做法,只能從中國的國情出發(fā),探索具有自身特點的發(fā)展道路。改革開放以后,中國在總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn)的基礎(chǔ)上,找到了一條真正符合中國國情的促進(jìn)人權(quán)發(fā)展的道路。這就是:將生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)放在首位,在改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定的條件下,全面推進(jìn)人權(quán)。這條道路的特點是:在發(fā)展人權(quán)的基本方向上,堅持發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力和共同富裕的原則,立足于改善全國人民的生活和促進(jìn)全國人民人權(quán)的發(fā)展。在促進(jìn)人權(quán)的輕重緩急上,強(qiáng)調(diào)生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)的首要地位,同時兼顧公民的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會、文化權(quán)利和個人、集體權(quán)利的全面發(fā)展;在促進(jìn)和保障人權(quán)的方式上,強(qiáng)調(diào)穩(wěn)定是前提,發(fā)展是關(guān)鍵,改革是動力,法制是保障。20多年來,由于中國堅持了這條正確的發(fā)展道路,不僅使全國人民的生活狀況和精神風(fēng)貌大為改觀,而且形成了一整套比較完備的保障人民民主權(quán)利的政治制度和法律體系,從而使人權(quán)建設(shè)在制度化、法律化的軌道上取得了長足的進(jìn)展,人權(quán)狀況呈現(xiàn)出不斷改善的良好態(tài)勢。
Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.
【答案】Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahasfoundaroadforthepromotionanddevelopmentofhumanrightsthatsuitsitsreality.ChinaisanOrientaldevelopingcountrywithalonghistory,alargepopulationandrelativelyscarceresourcesandwealth.Topromotehumanrightsinsuchacountry,ChinamustneitherimitateindiscriminatelyWesterncountries’developmentmodeofhumanrightsnorfollowotherdevelopingcountries’methodsbutstartfromChina’sactualconditionsandexplorearoadwithitsowncharacteristics.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahas,onthebasisofsumminguphistoricalexperiencesanddrawinglessonsfromthem,foundawaytobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,andthereforehasfoundawaytopromoteanddevelophumanrightsthatisagreeabletoChina’sreality.Thismeansputtingtherighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentinthefirstplaceandpushingforwardhumanrightsinanall?roundwayundertheconditionsofreform,developmentandstability.Thefeaturesofthisroadaretoadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingproductiveforcesandpromotingcommonprosperity,basedonimprovingthelifeofpeoplealloverChinaandpromotingthedevelopmentofhumanrightsofalltheChinesepeopleintermsofthebasicorientationofdevelopinghumanrights.Asfortheorderofimportanceandurgencyofdevelopinghumanrights,therighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentshouldbeputinthefirstplaceandinthemeantime,considerationshouldbegiventodevelopinginanall-roundwaycitizens’political,economic,socialandculturalrightsaswellasindividualandcollectiverights.Asforthewayofpromotingandguaranteeinghumanrights,itshouldbeemphasizedthatstabilityistheprerequisite;developmentisthecrux;reformisthedrivingforce;andgovernmentaccordingtolawistheguarantee.Overthepasttwodecades,China’sadherencetothiscorrectroadtodevelopmenthasledtonotonlytheimprovementofChinesepeople’slivingconditionsandtheirmoralebutalsotheformationofawholesetofrelativelycompletepoliticalandlegalsystemsensuringpeople’sdemocraticrights.Thus,greatprogresshasbeenmadeinputtinghumanrightsintoalegalandinstitutionalframework,andChina’shumanrightsdevelopmenthasbeenimprovingincessantly.
22.單選題
Mr.Smithrecentlyhas()tennistorelaxhimselfinsparetime.
問題1選項
A.takenup
B.takenin
C.taken
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