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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京航空航天大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

ItisverystrangebutIhadan()thattheMalaysianplanehadgoneoffcourseandhadbeencaughtinasuicidalhijack.

問題1選項

A.intuition

B.inspiration

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。Intuition“直覺”;inspiration“靈感”;imagination“想象力”;incentive“動機,刺激”。分析句子可知,that引導(dǎo)了一個同位語從句,用來解釋說明空格處單詞的具體內(nèi)容,因此根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容可知選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Fromitsbirthin1981withjusttwoemployees,theGovernmentofSingaporeInvestmentCorporationhadbecomeoneoftheworld’slargestsovereignfunds,managingmorethan$100billioninassets,with900employeesineightofficesaroundtheworld.ItislargereventhanTemasekHoldings,thegovernment’sbetter-knownfund.Temasekgainedattentionwithits$1.9billionpurchaseofacontrollingstakeinThailand’sdominanttelecommunicationscompanyfromthefamilyofthecountry’sprimeminister.Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’état(政變)therelastyear.

Thestakewaspartofabroaderexpansionstartedinmid-2002bythecompany’sexecutivedirector,HoChing,formerlyheadofgovernment-ownedSingaporeTechnologiesandwifeofSingapore’sPrimeMinister,LeeHsienLoong.AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.Temaseksaysitsinvestmentsarepurelyforfinancialpurposesdespiteitsownershipbythegovernment.Nonetheless,ithasrunintopoliticalheadwinds(逆風(fēng))intheregion.AnIndonesiancourtrecentlyruledthatitwouldhavetoselloneofthecontrollingstakesitholds,onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary,inthecountry’stwodominantcellulartelephonecompanies.

Overthelastfewyears,SingaporehasembarkedonanaggressiveefforttocourtprivatebanksandtheirclientsasawayofdiversifyingtheeconomyasmanufacturingjobswereshiftingtoChinaandVietnam,turningthecountryintoanAsianassetbase.Therearealreadyatleast40privatebankswithofficesinSingapore,managingassetsworthatleast$150billion.WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.

Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.TheGovernmentInvestmentCorporation,knownasG.I.C.,iscontrolledbythestate,andSingapore’sfoundingPrimeMinister,LeeKuanYew,isitschairman.Hisson,thecurrentprimeminister,isdeputychairman.TonyTan,itsexecutivedirector,isaformerdeputyprimeminister.

BothTemasekandG.I.C.haveaggressivelyrecruitedtopinternationalfinancialtalent,andG.I.C.inparticularhasareputationamongbankersandanalystsasashrewdandpowerfulinvestor.Morethan40percentofitsemployeesarenotSingaporean.ItsinvestmentpanelincludesCharlesEllis,chairmanoftheYaleUniversityInvestmentCommittee,andRobertLitterman,amanagingdirectorofGoldmanSachsAssetManagement.Despitemanagingpublicfunds,G.I.C.doesnotpublicizeitsholdingsorreturns.Lastyearonits25thanniversary,LeeKuanYewofferedthecompany’sfirstfinancialdisclosure,reportingthatG.I.C.hadaverageda9.5percentannualreturninUnitedStatesdollartermsoveritslifetime.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscussesabout______.

2.Formthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat______.

3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofTemasekHoldings?

4.ManyEuropeansshiftassetstoSingaporeduetothefollowingreasonsexcept______.

5.Theword“condone”mostprobablymeans______.

問題1選項

A.Singapore’sfinancialstrategyinrecentyears

B.conditionsaboutthetwolargegovernmentfundsinSingapore

C.thetransformationorevolutionofSingapore’sbankingsystem

D.thecloserelationbetweenSingapore’sfinancialsystemandthegovernment

問題2選項

A.SingaporeansareagainstthepurchaseofcontrollingstakeinThailand’stelecommunicationscompany

B.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchaseisindeedapoliticaldeal

C.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchasewillmakethemhavealoss

D.ThaisarereluctanttoletTemasektocontroltheirtelecommunicationscompany

問題3選項

A.TemasekHoldingsseemstobequitereluctanttointerferewithinthepoliticalissueofthecountriesitinvestsinto.

B.TemasekHoldingswillselloneofthecontrollingstakesinIndonesianmobiletelephonecompaniesdirectlyandthroughasubsidiary.

C.TemasekHoldingsconductssuchexpansioninordertochangeitsdepression.

D.TemasekHoldingshasnotonlysubtlerelationswithSingapore’spoliticalelite,butalsothoseofneighboringcountries.

問題4選項

A.theywanttoinvestintoAsiasoastogainmoreprofits

B.theywanttoconductmoneylaunderingbytacticallyavoidingtaxes

C.theywanttocarryoutillegalfinancialactivityinAsia

D.theythinktheinvestmentenvironmentinEuropeisnotattracting

問題5選項

A.encourage

B.allow

C.remit

D.permit

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知,文章主要分析了新加坡兩大政府基金的情況,同時也提到了新加坡的金融策略、經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型問題,但主要還是圍繞這兩大基金來談?wù)摰?。因此B選項“新加坡兩大政府基金的情況”符合文章主旨。A選項“新加坡近些年來的金融策略”,C選項“新加坡金融系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)型或發(fā)展”,D選項“新加坡的金融系統(tǒng)與政府之間的密切關(guān)系”只是文章某一部分的內(nèi)容,不能全面地概括文章主旨,所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’étattherelastyear.(這引發(fā)了街頭抗議,并導(dǎo)致了去年的政變。),說明泰國人不愿意讓淡馬錫控制他們的電信公司。因此D選項“泰國人不愿意讓淡馬錫控制他們的電信公司”正確。A選項“新加坡人反對購買泰國電信公司的控股股權(quán)”,B選項“新加坡人認為淡馬錫的收購行為實際上是有政治意向的”,C選項“新加坡人認為淡馬錫的收購行為會給他們帶來損失”均不符合題意,所以A,B,C錯誤。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。A選項“淡馬錫基金看起來非常不愿意干涉它所投資國家的政治事務(wù)”在原文中沒有提及,所以A錯誤。B選項“淡馬錫會將自己在印度移動電話公司的控股股權(quán)直接和通過子公司的方式賣出”,由原文onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary(一種為通過其子公司控股)可知,它是直接通過子公司來控股,而不是賣出股份,所以B錯誤。D選項“淡馬錫基金不僅與新加坡的政治精英階層有微妙的關(guān)系,而且與鄰國的關(guān)系也非常微妙”,原文提到了該基金與政府的關(guān)系,也提到了其在周邊鄰國的投資,但沒有說關(guān)系很微妙,所以D錯誤。C選項“淡馬錫基金聲稱本基金完全獨立于政府之外,進行有效的自治”,由原文AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.(淡馬錫為了在經(jīng)濟蕭條后重振雄風(fēng),從那時開始就在印度、中國、英國的渣打銀行持有大量股份。)可知,該基金為了在蕭條后重振雄風(fēng),才到其他地方購買股份,這屬于一種自治,所以C選項正確。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.(許多富有的歐洲人都將資產(chǎn)從瑞士轉(zhuǎn)移到新加坡以分享亞洲經(jīng)濟快速增長的盛宴,并且逃避歐洲的新稅收,因此歐洲一些政府都在批評新加坡的銀行體系,稱新加坡需要加緊控制洗錢。),說明許多歐洲人將資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到新加坡是為了在亞洲投資以獲取利潤以及避稅,所以A選項“他們想要在亞洲投資以獲得更豐厚的利潤”,D選項“他們認為歐洲的投資環(huán)境不那么有吸引力”屬于他們轉(zhuǎn)移資產(chǎn)的原因,排除A,D。C選項“他們想要在亞洲從事非法的金融活動”,由原文可知,從一些歐洲當(dāng)局的批評以及新加坡的回應(yīng)可以看出部分資金是用來進行非法交易的,所以C選項屬于轉(zhuǎn)移資產(chǎn)的原因,排除C。B選項“他們想要通過巧妙避稅來洗錢”,原文只是說想要避稅,而不是通過避稅來洗錢,所以B選項不屬于轉(zhuǎn)移資產(chǎn)的原因,本題選B。

5.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“condone”可以定位到文章第四段第一句Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.(新加坡財政部稱他們不會寬恕洗錢活動,最近還對那些發(fā)現(xiàn)涉及非法金融活動的銀行加大了處罰。),說明“condone”在文中是指“寬恕,容忍”的意思。因此C選項“寬恕”正確。A選項“鼓勵”,B選項“允許”,D選項“同意”均不符合題意,所以A,B,D錯誤。

3.單選題

ThedecisiontocallitquitsbyMr.Grimm,ofStatenIsland―perhapsbestknownforthreateningtobreakareporterinhalfand()aCapitolHillbalcony—cameafteraconversationonMondaywiththeHousespeaker,JohnA.Boehner,whichasourceclosetothespeakerconfirmed.

問題1選項

A.throwhimoff

B.throwinghiminto

C.throwinghimselfoff

D.throwhimselfinto

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)空格前的tobreak可判斷,空格應(yīng)該填動詞圓形,和break構(gòu)成并列成分,選項B和C可排除。固定搭配throwoff“扔開,拋開”,接賓語用賓格形式,所以用him,句意:斯塔頓島的格林姆先生-或許是因為威脅將一名記者將他劈成兩半后從國會山的陽臺扔下而最出名。選項A符合題意。

4.寫作題

SomeuniversitiesandcollegesinChinarequiretheirPhDstudentstopublishresearchpapersinEnglish.Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsaboutyouropiniononthisrequirements.

【答案】PublishingPapersinEnglishBenefitStudents5.單選題

Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeit(

)whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.

問題1選項

A.compacted

B.dispersed

C.delayed

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。compacted“壓縮;壓緊”;dispersed“分散;傳播”;delayed“延遲”;restricted“限制”。句意:我們都有自由選擇權(quán),不喜歡在社會的法律和道德界限內(nèi)看到自由被限制。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

IhavedevotedfiveweekendscontinuouslytowritingthegraduationthesisandnowIfeelI______agoodrest.

問題1選項

A.deserve

B.preserve

C.conceive

D.receive

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。deserve“應(yīng)受,值得”;preserve“保存,保護”;conceive“設(shè)想,考慮”;receive“接收,接待”。句意:我已經(jīng)連續(xù)五個周末在寫畢業(yè)論文了,現(xiàn)在我感覺我應(yīng)該好好休息一下。選項A符合題意。

7.單選題

However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto________someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.

問題1選項

A.overturn

B.overtake

C.offset

D.oppress

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“推翻”;B選項“超過”;C選項“抵消,彌補”;D選項“壓迫”。句意:然而金屬制品工業(yè)能夠()鋼鐵工業(yè)的衰退。由于金屬制成品產(chǎn)業(yè)和鋼鐵工業(yè)不存在競爭關(guān)系,甚至?xí)嬖谀撤N互補關(guān)系,所以A,B,D排除,答案選C。

8.單選題

Attemptstopersuadehertostayaftershefeltinsultedwere().

問題1選項

A.innoway

B.onthecontrary

C.ataloss

D.ofnoavail

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在她覺得受到侮辱后,企圖勸她留下來是徒勞的。

考查短語辨析。innoway決不;onthecontrary正相反;ataloss虧本地;困惑不解;ofnoavail無效;不起作用;徒勞的。根據(jù)前半句句意“在她覺得受到侮辱后”可知,D符合句意。

9.單選題

Imagineadiseasespreadingacrosstheglobe,killingmostlymiddle-agedpeopleorleavingthemchronicallydisabled.Thenonedayresearcherscomeupwithadrugthatcanpreventsomeofthedisease’snastiereffects.Youwouldthinktheworld’sageingpublicwouldbeeternallygrateful.

Thediseasedoesexist.Itiscalledtobaccoaddiction.Thedrugtooisrealandinanimaltestshaspreventedlungdamagethatleadstoemphysema.Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.

Onthefaceofittheseresponsesmakesense.Itisingrainedinsocietythatsmokershaveonlythemselvestoblameandtheirsalvationliesinasimpleactofwill.Iftheywillnotquitsmoking,theycannotexpecthelpfromanyoneelse.

Butthislogicisflawed.Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.IntheUK,theproportionofpeoplewhosmokehasnotfalleninadecade.Tobaccohasapowerfulgrip,andmanysmokerarecaughtinatraptheycannotescape:theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.

Thisreasoningishardformanytoswallow.Itcertainlyleavesgovernmentsandanti-smokinggroupsinabind.Theyarehappytopaylipservicetomethodsforreducingharm—ofwhichthreeareagrowingnumber—buttheyareslowtocreatepoliciesbaseduponthem.EuropeanUnioncountries,forexample,tookyearstoevenconsiderregulatingthedangerousadditivesincigarettes.

Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.

Therearethingsthatnodrugaimedatharmreductionwilleverbeabletodo.Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.Butitwouldbeamistaketoignoretheharmreductionmeasures.Forthosewhoarenotconvinced,forgetsmokersforamoment.Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers,especiallythoseworkinglonghoursas,say,musiciansandbarstaffinsmokyrooms.Shouldwedenythemtoo?

1.Thestatement“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets”impliesthat______.

2.Theauthorarguesthat______.

3.Theauthoristryingtoemphasizethatthedrugs______.

4.Thedrugs,accordingtotheauthor,areexpected______.

5.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat______.

問題1選項

A.thedrugshavereceivedsuspicion

B.theinventorsjustpresentedasideshow

C.itwilltaketimeforthepublictoacceptthenewdrug

D.theeffectsofthedrugneedfurthertestonhumantrials

問題2選項

A.nosmokerisexpectedtosucceedinquitting

B.smokersdeservetheharmsmokingdoestothem

C.smokerswithresolutiontostopsmokingneedhelp

D.smokerscouldsucceedwithstrongresolutiontogiveup

問題3選項

A.aremainlyaimedatyoungsters

B.shouldbeavailabletosmokersfreeofcharge

C.willnotchangethemessagethattobaccokills

D.helpregulatethedangerousadditivesincigarettes

問題4選項

A.toperformpreventivefunctionsinnon-smokers

B.toreducethenumberofpassivesmokers

C.toenforcethecombatagainstsmoking

D.alloftheabove

問題5選項

A.withinnovativedrugssmokerscanstillenjoypersonalgratificationsandstayhealthy

B.ifadrugcansavelives,weshouldn’twithholditwithoutgoodreason

C.thebattleagainstsmokingisfarfromwon

D.therewillbeasafewaytosmoke

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.(但是這些發(fā)明家沒有收到任何花束。流行的醫(yī)學(xué)觀點似乎是,藥物只是次要的,它分散了吸煙者的任務(wù),戒煙。另一種可以保護吸煙者不患癌癥的實驗性藥物也受到懷疑,因為它可以給吸煙者一個不戒煙的借口。)”,由此可知這些發(fā)明家發(fā)明的藥物受到人們的懷疑,所以A選項“這些藥物已經(jīng)受到懷疑”符合題意。B選項“發(fā)明家只是表演了一個小插曲”;C選項“公眾接受這種新藥需要一段時間”;D選項“藥物的效果需要進一步的人體試驗”都與題干無關(guān)。因此A選項正確。

2.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段“Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.(然而,即使使用尼古丁口香糖、貼片和藥物來緩解這種折磨,戒煙率仍然低于10%。)”可知A選項“預(yù)計沒有煙民會成功戒煙”錯誤;根據(jù)第四段最后一句“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.(他們和其他任何疾病一樣,有機會減少煙草對他們的危害。)”可知B選項“吸煙者應(yīng)該受到吸煙所造成的傷害”說法錯誤;根據(jù)第四段“Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.(對吸煙者進行調(diào)查,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)三分之二的人想要戒煙,三分之一的人在前一年已經(jīng)嘗試過了)”以及“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.(他們和其他任何疾病一樣,有機會減少煙草對他們的危害。)”可知C選項“決心戒煙的人需要幫助”正確;D選項“吸煙者可以通過堅定的決心戒煙成功”文章沒有提到。因此C選項正確。

3.作者意圖題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第六段“Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.(一種擔(dān)心是,減少煙草危害的方法會淡化煙草致人死亡的信息——尤其是對青少年而言。但在目前的情況下,這一信息不會改變,即使這兩種藥物在人體試驗中都有效,它們也不能預(yù)防吸煙的所有致命副作用。)”可知作者強調(diào)該藥物不會改變煙草致人死亡的信息,所以C選項“不會改變煙草致人死亡的信息”正確。A選項“主要針對年輕人”說法錯誤,該藥物針對的是所有煙民;B選項“應(yīng)該免費提供給吸煙者”說法錯誤,文章提到“Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.(而且藥物并不一定要對所有人免費。只有醫(yī)生認為真正不能放棄的人才能買到這種藥。)”;D選項“幫助控制香煙中的危險添加劑”文章沒有提到,因此C選項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段“Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.(出于這些原因,從禁止煙草廣告到提高煙草稅,所有其他抵制吸煙的方式都必須繼續(xù)下去。)”,由此可知該藥物將會加強反對吸煙的斗爭,所以C選項“加強反對吸煙的斗爭”正確。A選項“對不吸煙者起到預(yù)防作用”,文章提到“Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers(預(yù)防性藥物也可以幫助不吸煙者)”,并沒有提到預(yù)防作用,只說會有幫助,A選項錯誤;B選項“減少被動吸煙的數(shù)量”說法錯誤,文章最后一段提到“Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.(它不會減少被動吸煙,也不會阻止煙草公司勸說數(shù)百萬青少年吸煙。)”;D選項“以上都是”。因此C選項正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要講了能預(yù)防吸煙帶來的不良后果的藥物。文章提到這種藥物受到很多質(zhì)疑,并且一一回答了它們。文章最后一段提到有些東西是任何藥物都無法做到的,所以呼吁人們提高禁煙意識,并且參與到禁煙活動中去。由此可知人們的反對禁煙的斗爭還遠未取得勝利,所以C選項“反對禁煙的斗爭還遠未取得勝利”正確。A選項“有了創(chuàng)新藥物,吸煙者仍然可以享受個人滿足和保持健康”說法錯誤,文章并沒有提到這一觀點;B選項“如果一種藥物可以挽救生命,我們不應(yīng)該沒有充分的理由就拒絕它”,文章也沒有提到,且人們對新藥物持質(zhì)疑態(tài)度也是可行的;D選項“將會有一個更安全的吸煙方式”并不是文章所側(cè)重的,因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

Themanhadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheenemyandhadnootherchoice.

問題1選項

A.alternative

B.hope

C.resource

D.approach

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項alternative“二中選一;供替代的選擇”;B選項hope“希望”;C選項resource“資源”;D選項approach“方式”。句意:這個人要么立即離開這個國家,要么向敵人投降,結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語leavethecountry(離開這個國家)以及surrenderhimselftotheenemy(向敵人投降),可推測他是在兩者之間進行選擇,由此得知A選項正確。

11.單選題

TheChinesefoodintheUnitedStatesisusually______forAmericanpeople.

問題1選項

A.modified

B.cooked

C.exchanged

D.altered

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項modified“稍作修改,使更適合;使溫和”;B選項cooked“烹調(diào)”;C選項exchanged“交換”;D選項altered“更改;修改(衣服使更合身)”。句意:美國的中餐通常是根據(jù)美國人的口味進行______的。根據(jù)語境,這里指中餐到了美國就為了適應(yīng)美國人的口味而進行微小的改變,A選項modified“稍作修改,使更適合”符合題意,D選項altered“更改”只有更改的意思,不是最佳選項。因此A選項正確。

12.單選題

DuringtheWorldWarIImanyfamousscientistssoughtandreceivedpolitical()intheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.influence

B.persecution

C.shelter

D.oppression

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項influence“影響;勢力”;B選項persecution“迫害;煩擾”;C選項shelter“庇護;避難所”;D選項oppression“壓抑;鎮(zhèn)壓”。句意:第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,許多著名的科學(xué)家在美國尋求并得到了政治……。戰(zhàn)爭期間,科學(xué)家們尋求的必然是“政治庇護”,因此C選項正確。

13.翻譯題

Oneofthedilemmasofthisdecadehasbeenwhethertoapproachmodemeducationintermsofthegeneralistorthespecialist.Someuniversitiesrequireallstudentstotakeacommoncoreofcoursesfromabroadrangeofdisciplines,appealingtothegeneralistapproachtoeducation.Yet,choosingthecorecoursesinlightoftoday’sexplosionininformationanddiversemulticulturalstudentpopulationshasnotbeenaneasytask.Howdoesoneselectwhatitisthateveryoneshouldknow?Otheruniversitiescontinuetotailortheircoursestothemoreimmediateprofessionalneedsoftheirstudents,appealingtothespecialistapproachtoeducation.Butwithoutacorecurriculum,studentsoftenlackthesharedknowledgenecessarytoparticipateeffectivelyinanintegratedsociety.

【答案】這十年我們所面臨的矛盾之一,究竟應(yīng)該從通才還是專才的角度來看待現(xiàn)代教育。有些大學(xué)要求所有的學(xué)生都要選修一門涵蓋廣泛學(xué)科的共同核心課程,這對通才教育很有吸引力。但是,考慮到今天的信息爆炸和學(xué)生來自不同的文化背景,選擇共同課程不是一件容易的事。如何確定哪些是每個人都應(yīng)該知道的東西?另一些大學(xué)強調(diào)專才教育,根據(jù)學(xué)生更直接的專業(yè)需要來調(diào)整他們的課程。但是沒有一個共同課程,學(xué)生常常缺乏有效參與一個綜合的社會所需要的共同知識。

【解析】這十年我們所面臨的矛盾之一,究竟應(yīng)該從通才還是專才的角度來看待現(xiàn)代教育。有些大學(xué)要求所有的學(xué)生都要選修一門涵蓋廣泛學(xué)科的共同核心課程,這對通才教育很有吸引力。但是,考慮到今天的信息爆炸和學(xué)生來自不同的文化背景,選擇共同課程不是一件容易的事。如何確定哪些是每個人都應(yīng)該知道的東西?另一些大學(xué)強調(diào)專才教育,根據(jù)學(xué)生更直接的專業(yè)需要來調(diào)整他們的課程。但是沒有一個共同課程,學(xué)生常常缺乏有效參與一個綜合的社會所需要的共同知識。

14.單選題

Thegirlwas()Juliaafterhergrandmother.

問題1選項

A.appointed

B.named

C.nominated

D.elected

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。benamedafter以…的名字命名,和…的名字一樣。句意:這個女孩以她祖母的名字命名為茱莉亞。選項B正確。

15.單選題

Therewasmuch()amongthecyclistsafterthedifficultride.

問題1選項

A.camaraderie

B.camradene

C.commraderie

D.comraderie

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項camaraderie“友情”;B,C和D這三項在英語中不存在。句意:在這個艱難的騎行后,這些騎車者之間產(chǎn)生了很多友情。結(jié)合句意,故A選項正確。

16.單選題

Onecanunderstandothersmuchbetterbynotingtheimmediateandfleetingreactionsoftheireyesand()toexpressedthoughts.

問題1選項

A.dilemmas

B.countenances

C.concessions

D.junctions

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。dilemmas“困境”;countenances“面容;表情”;concessions“讓步;特權(quán)”;junctions“連接”,根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處要填的名詞與eyes是并列的,四個選項中只有countenances能夠與eyes并列并表達出符合邏輯的句子意思。句意:人們可以通過觀察別人眼睛和……快速的反映或表情來更好的了解對方。因此選項B為正確答案。

17.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally___oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

問題1選項

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.reflections反映;反響B(tài).demonstrations示范;展示

C.illuminations啟發(fā);闡釋D.reproductions復(fù)制;復(fù)制品

【考查點】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】句中mirror在這里表示反映的意思,that引導(dǎo)一個定語從句修飾novel,在這里表示嘗試反映世界的小說??崭窈蠼觨f,of短語做后置定語。主句為novelsare+空格處名詞??崭裉帒?yīng)該填一個與mirror相似的單詞,表示反映的意思。A選項reflection符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

B選項demonstration表示清楚細致地展示;

C選項illumination指某物能夠被理解;

D選項reproduction表示復(fù)制出與原物相似的物品。

【句意】許多試圖反映世界的小說實際上反映了它們所代表的現(xiàn)實。

18.單選題

Wewerepleasedtonotethattheearlymorningdeliverydidn’t(

)tothetrafficjamofthebusycity.

問題1選項

A.aid

B.amount

C.add

D.attribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項aid“資助,援助,幫助”;B選項amount“總計,等于”;C選項add“增加,添加,計算……總和”;D選項attribute“把……歸因于,被認為是……創(chuàng)作的”。句意:我們很高興地注意到,早晨送貨沒有加劇這個繁華城市的交通擁擠。故C選項正確。

19.單選題

Withthecombinationofintelligenceand()skills,peoplehavefoundwaystouseplantandanimalresources,mineralores,fuels,andmanyotherofEarth'smaterialsandresources.

問題1選項

A.plausible

B.elegant

C.exterior

D.manual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。plausible“看似可信的,花言巧語的”;elegant“優(yōu)雅的”;exterior“外部的,外面的”;manual“體力的,手控的”。句意:通過智慧和動手技巧,人們已經(jīng)找到了利用動植物資源、礦石、燃料以及地球上許多其他物質(zhì)和資源的方法。只有D項符合句意。

20.單選題

WhenGinaGarroandBrianDupliseaadopted4-month-oldAndresfromColombialastmonth,theyweredeterminedtotaketimeofffromworktocareforhim.Sixyearsago,aftertheirdaughter,Melina,wasborn,thefamilyscrapedbyonDuplisea’s$36,000salaryasaconstructionworkersoGarro,aspecial-educationteacher,couldstayhome.Now,sinceGarro’sjobfurnishesthefamilyhealthinsurance,she’llheadbacktoworkthisfallwhileDupliseajugglesdiapersandbabybottles.Hisbossagreedtothetimeoff-buthewillhavetoforgohis$18-an-hourpay.Itwon’tbeeasy.ThoughGarro’s$40,000salarywillcovertheirmortgages,thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar.“Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity,”saysGarro.“Thingswillbetight.”

The1993FamilyandMedicalLeaveActwassupposedtohelpfamilieslikeGarro’s,offeringasafetynettoemployeeswhowanttotaketimeofftonurturenewborns,tendtotheirownmajorillnessesorcareforsickrelatives.Butwhilethelawguaranteesthatworkerswon’tlosttheirjobs,itdoesn’tcovertheirpaychecks.Onesurveylastyearshowedthatwhile24millionAmericanshadtakenleavessince1999,2.7millionmorewantedtobutcouldn'taffordit.Thatmaychangesoon.Inresponsetoincreasingdemandsfromvotersatleast25statesarenowexploringnewwaystoofferpaidleave.Onepossibility:tappingstatedisabilityfundsAhandfulofstates-NewYork,NewJersey,California,RhodeIslandandHawaii—alreadydipintodisabilitymoneytoofferpartialpayforwomenonmaternityleave.Butthatdoesn’thelpdadsorpeoplecaringforelderlyparents.NewJerseyandNewYorkmaysoonexpanddisabilityprogramstocoverleaveforfathersandothercaretakers.Thirteenstates,includingArizona,IllinoisandFlorida,haveproposedusingunemploymentfundstopayforleave.

Massachusettshasbeenespeciallycreative.Whenthestate'sactinggovernor,JaneSwift,gavebirthtotwindaughtersinMay,shedrewattentiontotheissuewithherown"workingmaternityleave":shetelecommutedpart-timebutearnedherusualfull-timesalary.EvenbeforeSwiftreturnedtoworklastweek,thestateSenateunanimouslypassedapilotplanthatwouldusesurplusfundsfromahealth-insuranceprogramfortheunemployedtogivenewparents12weeksoffathalfpay.Anotherplan,proposedintheHouse,wouldrequireemployerstokickin$20perworkertosetupa"NewFamiliesTrustFund."Businesseswouldgettaxcreditsinreturn.ThisweekSwiftisexpectedtoannounceherownpaid-leaveplanforlower-incomemothersandfathers.Pollsshowwidespreadpublicsupport—anotherreasonSwiftandotherpoliticiansacrossthecountryhaveembracedtheissue.

Stillnoteveryone'swildabouttheidea.Peoplewithoutchildrenquestionwhynewparents—thefirstgrouptogetpaidleaveundermanyoftheproposedplans—shouldgetmoregovernmentperksthantheydo.Businessgroupsareresistanttoproposalsthatwouldraidunemploymentfunds;severalhavealreadyfiledsuittoblockthem.Astheeconomyslows,manycompaniessaytheycan’taffordtocontributetoproposednewbenefitfundseither.Businesslobbyistssaytoomanyemployeesalreadyabuseexistingfederalfamily-leavelawsbytakingtimeofffordubiousreasonsorintinytimeincrements.Theproposedlaws,theysay,wouldonlymakemattersworse.

ForGarroandDuplisea,though,thenewlawscouldmakeallthedifference.AsMelinafixesapeanut-butter-and-jellysandwich,DupliseahugsasnoozingAndresagainsthisTshirt"We'retryingtodotherightthingbytwokids,andwehavetosacrifice,"Dupliseasays.InMassachusettsandplentyofotherstates,helpmaybeontheway.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthat().

2.WhenGarrosays"Ittakesawayfromyourcushionandyoursecurity",shemeans().

3.IfGarrolivesinMassachusetts,shewill().

4.Theword"perk"(Line2.Para.4)mostprobablymeans().

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardspaidleaveseemstobethatof().

問題1選項

A.GarroandDupliseausedtoliveacomfortableandeasylife

B.Duplisea'sbossissoconsiderateastoallowhimtokeephisjob

C.Garrocanearnmoremoneysosheshouldgobacktowork.

D.Thecouplehavemadealotofsacrificestotakecareoftheirchildren

問題2選項

A.itexhaustsherfamilysavings

B.itplungesherfamilyintofinancialtrouble

C.itdeprivesherchildrenofhealthinsurance

D.itmakesherfeelinsecure

問題3選項

A.have12weeksoffathalfpay

B.telecommutepart-timebutearnfull-timesalary

C.leaveherjobwithoutpaytotakecareofherkids

D.get$20fromheremployerforherleave

問題4選項

A.grant

B.policy

C.encouragement

D.reward

問題5選項

A.opposition

B.suspicion

C.approval

D.indifference

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“從第一段,我們可以知道……”。文章第一段主要講述了這對夫妻為了養(yǎng)育兩個孩子付出了很多,在工作和養(yǎng)育孩子之間做權(quán)衡,因此選項D“這對夫妻為了養(yǎng)育孩子做出了很大犧牲”符合題意。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“當(dāng)伽羅說‘它會帶走你的存款和保障’,她的意思是什么?”文章第一段提到伽羅夫婦不得不凍結(jié)養(yǎng)老賬號,縮減女兒的課后活動,還要祈求汽車不出問題(thecouplewillhavetofreezetheirretirementaccounts,scalebackonMelina’safter-schoolactivities-andpraythatnothinggoeswrongwiththecar),由此可知請假照顧孩子讓他們的經(jīng)濟問題越發(fā)嚴重,因此選項B符合題意。

第3題:3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“如果伽羅生活在馬薩諸塞州,她將會……”。文章第三段提到在她(Swift)重返工作崗位前,州參議院一致通過了一項試點方案,即允許用失業(yè)人員醫(yī)療保險計劃的聲譽基金,讓剛生了孩子的父母可以拿一般工資休假12周(EvenbeforeSwiftreturnedtoworklastweek,thestateSenateunanimouslypassedapilotplanthatwouldusesurplusfundsfromahealth-insuranceprogramfortheunemployedtogivenewparents12weeksoffathalfpay),由此可知選項A符合題意。

第4題:4.詞義題。題目問的是“perk這個詞最有可能的意思是……”。從文章第二、三段可知,各個州政府都試圖動用各種基金對請假照顧新生兒的父母進行經(jīng)濟幫助,由此可知此處是政府撥款,因此選項A符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者對帶薪請假的觀點是什么?”文章第一段通過伽羅夫婦的實例來引出當(dāng)下的一種現(xiàn)象,即有些家庭為了照顧孩子不得不請假,從而導(dǎo)致了經(jīng)濟困難;文章第二、第三

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