考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川長(zhǎng)江職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川長(zhǎng)江職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Jack’s（

）ofblackmusicandperformersintoamainstreamartformcontributedincrucialbutnotoftennotedwaystodesegregation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transformation

B.assimilation

C.deviation

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：杰克為將美國(guó)黑人音樂(lè)和表演者同化進(jìn)一種主流藝術(shù)形式做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)，但是卻沒(méi)被當(dāng)作廢除種族隔離制度的一種方式。transformation“轉(zhuǎn)化”；assimilation“同化”；deviation“偏差，誤差；背離”；diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移，消遣”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

WhenIwentintothediningroomthenextmorning,the（

）ofthedinnerwerestillonthetable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.remains

B.relies

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。remain“遺跡，剩余物”；rely“依靠”；remnant“剩余”；surplus“剩余；順差”。句意：當(dāng)我第二天早上去餐廳時(shí)，昨天晚餐剩下的東西還在桌上。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat（

）attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.annoyance

B.resentment

C.offence

D.irritation

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)annoyance“惱怒，生氣，煩惱”；B選項(xiàng)resentment“憤恨，怨恨”；C選項(xiàng)offence“犯罪，罪行，冒犯”；D選項(xiàng)irritation“生氣，氣惱”。只有offence可用于短語(yǔ)takeoffenceatsth.表示“對(duì)……生氣”。句意：記者和攝影師們都對(duì)那位演員在采訪過(guò)程中的粗魯表現(xiàn)感到不滿。

4.單選題

Wepreferthattheplan（

）beforebeingputintoexecution.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.befullydiscussed

B.mustbefullydiscussed

C.willbefullydiscussed

D.isfullydiscussed

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。prefer后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，其中should可省略。所以選項(xiàng)A為省略了should的正確答案。

5.單選題

Sam'sclose（

）tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accuracy

B.confusion

C.probability

D.resemblance

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。accuracy“精確性”；confusion“混亂”；probability“可能性”；resemblance“相似”。句意：Sam跟他兄弟長(zhǎng)得很像，人們經(jīng)常把他們弄混。D項(xiàng)符合題意，答案D

6.單選題

Theheavilypopulatedareawasabreedingplacefor（）diseases.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infectious

B.powerful

C.influential

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】infectious傳染的；powerful強(qiáng)大的；influential有影響力的；suspicious可疑的。句意：人口稠密的地區(qū)是傳染病的滋生地。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

IntheSpringExportCommoditiesFairthe_______offinechinaattractedmuchattentionofeasternersfromallovertheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.succession

B.array

C.string

D.cluster

【答案】C

【解析】succession繼承權(quán);array排列,布局;string系列,一串;cluster群,簇。句意：在春季出口商品交易會(huì)上,一系列精美的瓷器吸引了來(lái)自世界各地的東方人的目光。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

8.單選題

Johnsonneverscrupledtoignorethestandardsofdecentconductmandatedbycompanypolicyif（

）compliancewithinstructionsfromhissuperiorsenabledhimtodoso,whatevertheeffectsonhissubordinates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deigned

B.feigned

C.literal

D.halfhearted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞和形容詞詞義辨析。deign賜予；feign假裝；裝作；捏造；想象；literal文字的；字面上的；halfhearted不認(rèn)真的；不熱心的；無(wú)興趣的。句意：如果在字面上對(duì)上司指令的服從讓自己能夠去忽視公司政策所頒布的得體的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，那么不論對(duì)下屬有什么樣的影響，John都會(huì)從未有所顧忌地去這樣做。由Johnsonneverscrupledtoignore…與compliancewithinstructionsfromhissuperiorsenabledhimtodoso可知“字面上的”符合。

9.單選題

______isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducednoconcreteproposals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.That

B.It

C.This

D.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞的用法。as在做關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，表示“正如……一樣”。句意：正如新想法經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的情況一樣，許多初步活動(dòng)和樂(lè)觀的討論都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生具體的建議。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Ifacouplearedivorcedandtheirchildliveswithhismother,heissaidtosufferfromlaceof______love.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.maternal

B.fraternal

C.paternal

D.parental

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)maternal“母親的、母性的”；B項(xiàng)fraternal“兄弟般的、友好的”；C項(xiàng)paternal“父親的、父親般的”；D項(xiàng)parental“父母親的”；句意：如果一對(duì)夫婦離婚了，他們的孩子和他的母親住在一起，那么他被認(rèn)為缺乏父愛(ài)。因此該題C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Theterm"folkcustom"isverybroad,butithasbeenusedbyfolkloriststorefertothosesharedpatternsofbehaviorsinaparticularfolkgroup.Thosepatternsofbehaviorsareregardedasthetraditionalandestablishedwaysofmembersoftheparticularfolkgroup.FolkcustomistransmittedbyWordofmouth,demonstrationorimitation.ThefolkloreandfolkcustomsofEnglandarerichandvaried.Manycustomsareancient,andpasseddowngenerationaftergenerationfromourGermanicandCelticancestors.Othersaremoremodemcreations.

Oneofthegreatestproblemsinassessingmostaccountsoffolkcustomsisthattheytendtogiveonlytheantiquary'spointofview.Afterall,tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved.Whyquestionthematlengthiftheydidn'tunderstandtheessentialnatureofwhattheyweredoing?Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas,whilepossiblyignoringorgivingonlypassingmentiontoaspectswhichmay,infact,beofequalimportance.

Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves:forinstance,whytheyindulgeinaparticularactivityataparticulartimeofyearoroftheirlivesandwhatfeelingstheyexperiencewhiledoingso.Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesateso-widespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirrorwhomustbeaware,tofullyunderstandthatscene,thathisownreflectionisamajorpartofwhatheislookingat.

Itis,however,alsotruetosaythatmanycontemporarystudentsoffolklorearcfullyawareoftheproblemswhichbesettheirenquiries.Liketruescientiststheydrawtheirconclusionsbylookingatavailableevidence,rather-thanselectingevidencewhichfitsinwithexistingtheories.Somehavealsolookedawayfromthe"obviously"ancientandturnedtheirattentiontofolklorewhereitthrives,inthesociallifeofmoderncities,inindustryandsport,etc.Theymay,forexample,enduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganism,neverthelesshavemuchincommonwiththeolderactivitieswhichdo.

Manyfolkloristshavegraduallycometotheconclusionthatfolkloreisnotnecessarilyathingofthepast,arelicofancientandoutmodedwaysofthinking,butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworld(ortoconfrontitslackofsense)andtrytoalleviateboredomandsuffering.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably（）.

2.Theearlyaccountsoffolkcustomsareunreliablebecause（）.

3.Thereasonwhystudyingfolkloreisdifficulttodayisthat（）.

4.Whatisnewaboutfolkloriststoday?

5.Whatdoesparticipationinfolkcustomsmeantopeople?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.FolkloreandFolkCustoms

B.ProblemsandTendencyofFolkCustoms

C.TheRevivalofFolkCustoms

D.FolkloreandFolklorists

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.folkloristsundervaluedtheopinionsoftheparticipants

B.theparticipantsdidnotrevealthesignificanceoftheircustoms

C.theparticipantswerenotawareofthemeaningoftheircustoms

D.folkloristsdidnotconsidertheparticipantssmartenoughtoanswerthequestions

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.participantsarenowinfluencedbyearlierstudiesoftheiractivities

B.participantsinsistontheaccuracyoftheirowninterpretations

C.folkloristsaretooconcernedtojustifytheirowntheories

D.folkloristsareoftenmisledbyunreliableearlierstudies

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarenowmorecautiousabouttheevidencetheyaccept.

B.Theywanttoinvestigatethemoreobscureareasoffolklore.

C.Theyarestudyingthecreationoffolkloreinpresent-daysociety.

D.Theywanttodiscoverthelinkbetweenpaganismandsocialcustoms.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itenablesthemtoescapetheproblemsofthemodemworld.

B.Itisanattempttoreconstructwhatislostforever.

C.Itcanbeameansofregainingancientwisdom.

D.Itcanbeofpsychologicalbenefittothem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題?？v觀全文，文章第一段介紹了民間習(xí)俗的概念，以及民間習(xí)俗的表現(xiàn)形式。文章第二段提到了民俗評(píng)估者對(duì)大多數(shù)記載民俗進(jìn)行的評(píng)估。根據(jù)文章第三段開(kāi)頭“Oneaspectwhichgenerallygetsleftoutofaccountsistheviewpointoftheparticipantsthemselves”，可知通常被忽視的這個(gè)方面就是民俗傳承人自己的觀點(diǎn)。第四段談及研究民俗的學(xué)生能確切意識(shí)到一些問(wèn)題。最后一段是全文的總結(jié)，主要講述了民俗學(xué)者對(duì)民俗的結(jié)論和理解。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“tomostobservers,thepeopletheywerelookingatweresimpleandilliterate,unmindfulofthetruesignificanceofthecustomstheyhadpreserved…Soafolkloristislikelytoemphasizeaspectsofatraditionwhichreflecthisorherowninterestsorwhichfitinwithpreconceivedideas…beofequalimportance.”，可知大多數(shù)觀察者找的都是一些樸素的人，甚至是文盲，并不理解所保存習(xí)俗的真正含義，所以民俗家最終只維護(hù)自己的興趣。可推斷出民俗家忽略了參與者的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Andnow,ideasderivingfromfolklorestudiesateso-widespreadthattheymayeasilyhavebecomeanintegralpartoftheattitudeoftheparticipantsinacustom.Sothefolkloristisratherlikeamanstaringatasceneinamirror…”，可知民俗研究的結(jié)論普遍流傳，這些結(jié)論很容易影響民俗傳承人觀點(diǎn)，所以民俗學(xué)者研究這些民俗時(shí)，就像照鏡子一樣?？赏茢喑鰠⑴c者現(xiàn)在會(huì)受到他早期研究結(jié)論的影響。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…enduplookingattheloreofthemotorcar,orofpopularmusic,andatcustomswhich,thoughtheyhavenohintsofpaganism,neverthelesshavemuchincommonwiththeolderactivitieswhichdo…”，可知那些民俗研究者轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注現(xiàn)今的現(xiàn)代城市生活等，在一些現(xiàn)代化物體中發(fā)現(xiàn)新的跟民俗相關(guān)的東西。可推斷出他們正在研究現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中民俗的創(chuàng)作物或產(chǎn)物。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“…butthemeansbywhichpeopletrytomakesenseoftheworld(ortoconfrontitslackofsense)andtrytoalleviateboredomandsuffering.”，可知民俗是人們?cè)噲D理解這個(gè)世界，試圖減輕無(wú)聊和痛苦的方式?？赏茢喑鰠⑴c民俗對(duì)人們的心理帶來(lái)一定的好處。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Thereiscompellingevidencethatpollutionisresponsibleformanydeadlydiseases,suchascancer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convincing

B.controversial

C.consistent

D.contradictory

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.convincing有說(shuō)服力的B.controversial有爭(zhēng)議的

C.consistent始終如一的，一致的D.contradictory矛盾的，對(duì)立的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】原詞compelling修飾證據(jù)，意為“令人信服的，有說(shuō)服力的”，A選項(xiàng)convincing“有說(shuō)服力的”與該詞意義最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合題意。

【句意】有令人信服的證據(jù)表明，污染是許多致命疾病的罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝绨┌Y。

13.單選題

Onlineservicesthatprovide（）loverssawariseinpopularitybeforetheValentine’sDay,whichiscelebratedeveryyearonFeb14.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.humble

B.noble

C.radical

D.virtual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)humble表示“謙遜的，簡(jiǎn)陋的”，B選項(xiàng)noble表示“高貴的，宏偉的”，C選項(xiàng)radical表示“激進(jìn)的，根本的，徹底的”，D選項(xiàng)virtual表示“事實(shí)上的，（計(jì)算機(jī)仿真）虛擬的”。由句意可知，情人節(jié)前，網(wǎng)上提供（）情侶的服務(wù)日漸增多。由此可知，只有D選項(xiàng)最符合原文句意，virtuallover表示“虛擬情侶”。故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdisease.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.

Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel,hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteeringwheel.Theyswear,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving.

Thesurprisingthingisthatthesocietysmilessogentlyonthemotoristandseemstoforgivehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistic,tobeconvenientlyforgotten.

Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefardifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleare,allowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstrictannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglaws(wheretheyexist)shouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationformanufacturers,ashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afterall,theworldisforhumanbeings,notformotor-cars.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis_______.

2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?

3.Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

4.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

5.Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotorists

B.thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyear

C.thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolax

D.onlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidents

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Buildmorehighways.

B.Stricterdrivingtests.

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ironical

B.critical

C.appealing

D.militant

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Themainideaofthispassageis____.

這篇文章的主要觀點(diǎn)是____。

A.TrafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotoristsA.交通事故主要是由開(kāi)車的人引起的

B.ThousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyearB.全世界每年有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺

C.ThelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolaxC.有些國(guó)家有關(guān)駕駛的法律太寬松了

D.OnlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidentsD.只有更嚴(yán)格的交通法規(guī)才能防止事故發(fā)生

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】全文主要講當(dāng)今社會(huì)交通事故發(fā)生率提高。第一段首先指出問(wèn)題：全世界每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺害或慘死；第二段講到：汽車常常顯露出一個(gè)人最壞的品質(zhì)；第三段講述因?yàn)槠嚦霈F(xiàn)許多問(wèn)題；第四段提出作者的中心觀點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候制定一套世界準(zhǔn)則來(lái)減少這種無(wú)謂的生命浪費(fèi)了。作者提出一些舉措來(lái)防止事故的發(fā)生。綜合全文，文章先是提出因?yàn)榻煌▽?dǎo)致的許多問(wèn)題，最后提出應(yīng)該要增加交通措施防止事故發(fā)生。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“交通事故主要是由開(kāi)車的人引起的”，文中沒(méi)有提及交通事故的發(fā)生主要是由開(kāi)車的人引起的，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“全世界每年有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺”，文中提到“全世界每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的人被殺害或慘死，而我們卻袖手旁觀”但是這不是文章的主旨，文章主要說(shuō)交通事故，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“有些國(guó)家有關(guān)駕駛的法律太寬松了”，文中提到了有些國(guó)家法律太松，但是這是為了引出文章中的主旨——要采取手段防止事故的發(fā)生，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?作者是如何看待社會(huì)對(duì)待司機(jī)的？

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.A.社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬。

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.B.在城市和城鎮(zhèn)建造了巨大的停車場(chǎng)。

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.C.事故的受害者不算什么。

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.D.社會(huì)容忍他們粗野的駕駛行為。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.3第一句，該處講到“令人驚訝的是，社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬，似乎原諒了他的行為”，又因?yàn)樯衔恼f(shuō)到“他們所有隱藏的沮喪、失望和嫉妒似乎都在開(kāi)車的過(guò)程中顯露出來(lái)”綜合理解，作者認(rèn)為社會(huì)寬容了司機(jī)的行為。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)對(duì)司機(jī)笑容可掬”，這是作者對(duì)社會(huì)存在的一個(gè)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行的比喻，并不是作者的態(tài)度，屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“在城市和城鎮(zhèn)建造了巨大的停車場(chǎng)”，雖然可以在文中定位到該選項(xiàng)，但是該選項(xiàng)不是作者是如何看待社會(huì)看待司機(jī)的，而是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“事故的受害者不算什么”，文中雖然可以推測(cè)出該選項(xiàng)，但是該選項(xiàng)也是對(duì)客觀現(xiàn)象的描述，并不是作者認(rèn)為的，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

為什么作者說(shuō):“他的車成為了他個(gè)性的延伸?”

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.A.駕駛可以展示他真實(shí)的自我。

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.B.駕駛可以顯示他性格的另一部分。

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.C.駕駛能顯示出他的性格。

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.D.他的汽車體現(xiàn)了他的脾氣。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.2第一句，該處講到“他的汽車就成了他個(gè)性的延伸”，后面的句子講到“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，汽車常常顯露出一個(gè)人最壞的品質(zhì)（worstqualities）?！边€講到“他們所有隱藏的沮喪、失望和嫉妒似乎都在開(kāi)車的過(guò)程中顯露出來(lái)”。換言之，駕駛能展示一個(gè)人真正的自我，由此可以說(shuō)是個(gè)性的延伸。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“駕駛可以顯示他性格的另一部分”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我中的一部分，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“駕駛能顯示出他的性格”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我的一部分，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“他的汽車體現(xiàn)了他的脾氣”，屬于展現(xiàn)真正自我的一部分，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

下面哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有被提到作為一種預(yù)防交通事故的方法?

A.Buildmorehighways.A.修建更多的公路。

B.Stricterdrivingtests.B.更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試。

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.C.每三年對(duì)司機(jī)進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試。

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.D.提高年齡限制，制定安全規(guī)范。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞awayagainsttrafficaccidents可定位到Para.4第五句，該處講到“駕駛考試應(yīng)該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，難度要比現(xiàn)在高得多”，即更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試；還講到“所有的司機(jī)應(yīng)該每三年左右參加一次考試”；和“年輕人可以駕駛?cè)魏诬囕v的年齡應(yīng)該提高到至少21歲”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B、C、D都提到了，A沒(méi)有提到。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“更嚴(yán)格的駕駛考試”、C選項(xiàng)“每三年對(duì)司機(jī)進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試”以及D選項(xiàng)“提高年齡限制，制定安全規(guī)范”通過(guò)解題思路可知都是文章中被提到作為一種預(yù)防交通事故的方法，和題干相悖，屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.作者的態(tài)度是_____。

A.ironicalA.諷刺的

B.criticalB.批評(píng)的

C.appealingC.懇求的

D.militantD.好戰(zhàn)的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】文中先是指出交通事故的產(chǎn)生越來(lái)越多，然后指出交通事故的原因，最后對(duì)各國(guó)寬松的交通法律進(jìn)行批評(píng)。綜合來(lái)看，作者的態(tài)度是批評(píng)的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“諷刺的”，C選項(xiàng)“懇求的”，D選項(xiàng)“好戰(zhàn)的”都屬于無(wú)中生有。

15.單選題

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（）sightonTV.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)panic“恐慌的”；B選項(xiàng)patriotic“愛(ài)國(guó)的”；C選項(xiàng)pathetic“可憐的、悲哀的”；D選項(xiàng)periodic“周期的、定期的”，句意為：一場(chǎng)可怕的交通事故發(fā)生了。人們從電視上看到這悲慘的場(chǎng)面時(shí)都感到很難過(guò)。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.翻譯題

PossessionforitsownsakeorincompetitionwiththerestoftheneighborhoodwouldhavebeenThoreau’sideaofthelowlevels.Theactivedisciplineofheighteningone’sperceptionofwhatisenduringinnaturewouldhavebeenhisideaofthehigh.Whathesavedfromthelowwastimeandefforthecouldspendonthehigh.Thoreaucertainlydisapprovedofstarvation,buthewouldputintofeedinghimselfonlyasmucheffortaswouldkeephimfunctioningformoreimportantefforts.Effortisthegistofit.Thereisnohappinessexceptaswetakeonlife-engagingdifficulties.Shortoftheimpossible，asYeatsputit,thesatisfactionwegetfromalifetimedependsonhowhighwechooseourdifficulties.RobertFrostwasthinkinginsomethinglikethesametermswhenhespokeof“Thepleasureoftakingpains”.Themortalflawintheadvertisedversionofhappinessisinthefactthatitpurportstobeeffortless.

Wedemanddifficultyeveninourgames.Wedemanditbecausewithoutdifficultytherecanbenogame.Agameisawayofmakingsomethinghardforthefunofit.Therulesofthegameareanarbitraryimpositionofdifficulty.Whensomeoneruinsthefun,healwaysdoessobyrefusingtoplaybytheroles.Itiseasiertowinatchessifyouarefree,atyourpleasure,tochangethewhollyarbitraryroles,butthefunisinwinningwithintherules.Nodifficulty,nofun.

【答案】努力是關(guān)鍵。只有當(dāng)我們坦然面對(duì)人生中的困苦，才有幸福可言。正如葉芝所言，除去某些不可能的情形，我們于人生中所獲取的滿足取決于我們?cè)诙喔叩木辰缰羞x擇我們所愿意面對(duì)的艱難困苦。羅伯特?弗羅斯特談到“以苦為樂(lè)”時(shí)，應(yīng)該也是這種想法。廣告中宣傳的幸福觀的致命缺點(diǎn)便是它試圖宣傳幸福唾手可得。

我們即使玩游戲也會(huì)有困難。我們之所以需要它，是因?yàn)闆](méi)有困難便沒(méi)有游戲可言。游戲便是讓其中的樂(lè)趣沒(méi)有那么容易得到。游戲的規(guī)則便是將苦難武斷地強(qiáng)加于人。當(dāng)有人破壞了這些樂(lè)趣，也意味著他總是會(huì)拒絕遵守游戲規(guī)則。下棋時(shí)，如果你隨心所欲地去更改規(guī)則，這樣很容易贏。但是游戲的樂(lè)趣就在于能夠在遵守規(guī)則的前提下贏。如果沒(méi)有困難，也就沒(méi)有樂(lè)趣可言。

17.單選題

Ifyou（）thebottleandcigarettes,you’llbemuchhealthier.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeoff

B.keepoff

C.getoff

D.setoff

【答案】B

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果你酒瓶和煙，你會(huì)更健康。takeoff脫掉，起飛；keepoff擋住，禁食，不接近；getoff下車；setoff出發(fā)，（使）開(kāi)始。因此，B項(xiàng)keepoff符合句意，在此表示“遠(yuǎn)離，戒掉，不接近”。

18.填空題

Directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,thereisonepartthatisgrammaticallyincorrect.Markouttheerroneouspartandthenputthecorrectforminthebracketsfollowingthesentence.

36.Basingontheresearchoftheforeignlanguage,thispaperconcludesthewaystolearnEnglishwell.（）

37.Nations,sensingathreatoftheireconomies,triedtotakeactionstoprotectthemselves.（）

38.Thefundwasdesignedtoencouragingthegrowthofinternationaltradebystabilizingcurrencies.（）

39.Howmanylifeinsurancedoestheaveragepersonbuy?（）

40.SportsinAmericatakeavariousofforms:organizedcompetitivestruggles,athleticgamesandhuntingandfishing.（）

【答案】36.basing→based

37.economies→economy

38.encouraging→encourage

39.many→much

40.various→variety

【解析】36.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該和句子的主語(yǔ)保持一定的邏輯關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，發(fā)出base這個(gè)動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)者是人，所以應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去分詞-ed形式。

37.這里的主語(yǔ)是nations“國(guó)家”，所以economy在這里是“經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況”的意思，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。

38.to在作介詞時(shí)，沒(méi)有表目的的意義，這里的to是與后面的動(dòng)詞原形組合在一起組成不定式，所以encouraging應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形encourage。

39.lifeinsurance“人壽保險(xiǎn)”這個(gè)名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，所以不能用howmany修飾，應(yīng)該把many改為much。

40.various是形容詞，可以直接修飾名詞，而of前面的詞一般都是名詞，所以這里應(yīng)該用variety。

19.單選題

Theheroofthebook,Charles,isaconventionalnineteenth-centurygentleman;theheroineSarah,______byherlover,isa“fallenwoman”,whomCharlestriestohelp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobediscarded

B.tohavebeenabandoned

C.havingcastaway

D.havingbeendeserted

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tobediscarded被拋棄B.tohavebeenabandoned被遺棄

C.havingcastaway丟掉D.havingbeendeserted被拋棄

【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)修飾theheroineSarah（女主人公莎拉），通過(guò)介詞by可知，此處表示被動(dòng)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知是表示“拋棄”，desert強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背允諾、誓言或責(zé)任”違，尤其指“背叛、擅離職守”，所以D項(xiàng)符合。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)discard強(qiáng)調(diào)拋棄、丟棄無(wú)用的事物或永遠(yuǎn)放棄某個(gè)信念；

B項(xiàng)abandon強(qiáng)調(diào)完全、永遠(yuǎn)地遺棄，尤其指遺棄以前負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物；

C項(xiàng)為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且castaway（丟掉）不符合句意。

【句意】書(shū)中的主人公查爾斯是一位傳統(tǒng)的19世紀(jì)紳士；被愛(ài)人拋棄的女主人公莎拉是一個(gè)“墮落的女人”，查爾斯試圖幫助她。

20.單選題

Inducedabortion,thefocusofthisarticle,hasbecomeoneofthemostintenseandpolarizingethicalandphilosophicalissuesofthelate20thcentury.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conflicting

B.penetrating

C.enlightening

D.irritating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。polarizing表示“兩極分化的”；A項(xiàng)conflicting“沖突的，相矛盾的”，B項(xiàng)penetrating“滲透的，尖銳的，有洞察力的”，C項(xiàng)enlightening“使人領(lǐng)悟的，有啟發(fā)作用的”，D項(xiàng)irritating“刺激的，氣人的，使憤怒的”。句意：人工流產(chǎn)，這篇文章的焦點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)成為20世紀(jì)后期最激烈和最兩極分化的倫理和哲學(xué)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句意可知只有A選項(xiàng)意思與polarizing相似。因此，該題選A選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Ithadbeenanabominableafternoon,(

)ataboutSixO'clockinherfather'ssuddencollapseintosub-consciousness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pitching

B.rising

C.soaring

D.culminating

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。pitch“投擲”；rise“上升”；soar“猛增”；culminate“達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)”。句意：那是一個(gè)糟糕的下午，大約六點(diǎn)鐘她的父親突然陷入昏迷。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

22.單選題

NewYear’sdetoxproductsthatpurporttoridthebodyofharmfulchemicalsaccumulatedthroughseasonalover-indulgenceareawasteoftimeandmoney,leadingscientistssaidrecently.

Mostofthepills,juices,teasandoilsthataresoldfortheirdetoxifyingeffectsonthebodyhavenoscientificfoundationfortheirclaims,accordingtotoxicologistsanddieticians.

Theywillnotinfluencetherateatwhichthebodyridsitselfoftoxins,andanybeneficialeffectswouldbematchedatmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights.

Theentiremarketfordetoxproducts,whichisworthtensofmillionsofpoundsayear,restsonmythsaboutthehumanbodythatarehittingconsumersinthewallet,theexperts’reporthasfound.

“Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess.Thedetoxfad--orfads,astherearemanymethods--isanexampleofthecapacityofpeopletobelievein(andpayfor)magicdespitethelackofanysoundevidence.”saidMartinWiseman,VisitingProfessorofHumanNutritionattheUniversityofSouthampton.

Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists.Thefullreport,MakingSenseofChemicalStories,willbepublishedlaterthismonthbythecharitySenseAboutScience.

Itfoundthatpopularideasaboutdetoxarebasedonmisconceptionsabouthowthehumanbodyrespondstochemicalsinthediet.Theliverandkidneysarehighlyefficientorgansthathaveevolvedtobreakdownandremovetoxinsfromthebloodstream,andtheirfunctionisnothelpedbyproductssuchasGillianMcKeith’s￡19.99“24hourdetoxprogramme,”whichclaimsto“assistthenaturaldetoxificationprocessinyourbody.”

“Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason,”saidJohnEmsley,oftheRoyalSocietyofChemistry.

SirColinBerry,ProfessorEmeritusofPathologyatQueenMary,UniversityofLondon,said:“Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets.”

1.Itcanbeinferredthatpeopleusually（）.

2.Accordingtoscientists,whathelpsridthebodyoftoxinsincludes（）.

3.Theboldfacedword“expunged”(inPara.5)canbestbereplacedby（）.

4.Expertsconsideritamyththat（）.

5.Thecriticismofthedetoxindustrystarted（）.

6.JohnEmsleyandColinBerrysharetheideathat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeharmfulchemicals

B.consumedetoxproducts

C.haveabalanceddiet

D.wastemoneyonfood

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.goingtobedearly

B.drinkingherbaltea

C.takingcertainpills

D.doingmuchexercise

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tested

B.digested

C.eliminated

D.accumulated

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.detoxproductshavemarvelouseffects

B.noxiouschemicalsgatherinthebody

C.peoplegenerallyovereatatChristmas

D.people’scapacitytobelieveisunlimited

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ataconferenceheldattheUniversityofSouthhamton

B.fromareportentitled“MakingSenseofChemicalStories”

C.byacharityorganizationcalledSenseAboutScience

D.withastudyonpublicunderstandingofchemicals

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.toxinscanstayinthebodyaslongas36hours

B.drinkingexcessivealcoholleadstodeath

C.detoxtabletsfacilitatethenaturaldetoxification

D.thehumanbodyhasapowerfuldetoxsystem

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章第一段提到一些權(quán)威科學(xué)家表示，新年排毒產(chǎn)品聲稱可以清楚體內(nèi)因季節(jié)性過(guò)度放縱而積累起來(lái)的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)，但實(shí)際上是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢（awasteoftimeandmoney），由此可以推斷出人們經(jīng)常會(huì)購(gòu)買這些排毒產(chǎn)品，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第三段提到多喝水、多吃水果以及早睡的排毒效果都可以與排毒產(chǎn)品相當(dāng)，并且成本更低（atmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.詞義題。文章第五段提到在這些謬論中，有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，人體在日常生活中以某種方式積累有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)(Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife)，這些有害物質(zhì)需要通過(guò)一些神秘的排毒過(guò)程來(lái)被expunge，根據(jù)上下文可知排毒產(chǎn)品是用來(lái)清除有毒物質(zhì)，因此可以推斷出expunge這個(gè)詞的意思是”清除”，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第五段提到在這些謬論中，有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，人體在日常生活中以某種方式積累有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這些有害物質(zhì)需要通過(guò)某種神秘的解毒過(guò)程排出體外（Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess），通過(guò)上下文可知這個(gè)神秘的過(guò)程就是服用排毒產(chǎn)品，由此可推斷出很多人認(rèn)為排毒產(chǎn)品擁有神奇的效果，但是在專家看來(lái)這些都是無(wú)稽之談，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第六段提到了對(duì)排毒產(chǎn)品行業(yè)的批判，是開(kāi)始于11位科學(xué)家對(duì)公眾對(duì)化學(xué)物質(zhì)和毒素的認(rèn)知調(diào)查（Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.判斷推理題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到JohnEmsley的觀點(diǎn)：我們的身體能夠消除節(jié)假日期間攝取到臟物（Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestover