最全初中英語語法之-形容詞副詞教

形容詞一?定義：用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質、狀態(tài)和特征的詞，叫形容詞。形容詞的作用，見下表：作用例句定語Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.表語Yourcoatistoosmall.賓語補足語Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.有些形容詞只能作表語，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。例如：Don'twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.形容詞用來修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞，要放在這些詞的后面。例如：You'dbettertellussomethinginteresting.Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom.多個形容詞做定語時排列的先后順序是：1）冠詞或人稱代詞2）數詞3）性質4）大小5）形狀6）表示老少，新舊7）顏色8）事務、質地、人的國籍、用途。例如：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爺爺還住在這個矮小的房子里。ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates.那個婦女買了兩個漂亮的中國盤子。形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，表示一類人，謂語常用復數。這類詞有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white（表示人種等）。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年輕人應該好好照顧老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在這個國家，富人從來不幫助窮人。形容詞短語做定語時要后置。女如Theyarethestudentseasytoteach.他們是很容易較的學生。Weliveinahousemuchlargerthanyours.我們住的房子比你們的大得多。else要放在疑問代詞或復合不定詞之后。如：Didyouseeanybodyelse?你看到別的人了嗎？三?以-ly結尾的形容詞1）大部分形容詞加-ly可構成副詞。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞。改錯：（錯）Shesanglovely.（錯）Hespoketomeveryfriendly.（對）Hersingingwaslovely.（對）Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.2）有些以-ly結尾既為形容詞，也為副詞，如daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等。TheTimesisaweeklypaper.《時代周刊》為周刊。TheTimesispublishedweekly.《時代周刊》每周發(fā)行一期。副詞?定義:副詞主要用來修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞或其他結構。:?副詞的位置:1）在實義動詞之前。2）在be動詞、助動詞之后。3）多個助動詞時，副詞一般放在第一個助動詞后。大多數方式副詞位于句尾，但賓語過長，副詞可以提前，以使句子平衡。例如：Wecouldseeveryclearlyastrangelightaheadofus.我們清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。方式副詞well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。例如：HespeaksEnglishwell.他英語說得好。副詞的排列順序：1）時間，地點副詞，小單位的在前，大單位在后。2）方式副詞，短的在前，長的在后，并用and或but等連詞連接。例如：Pleasewriteslowlyandcarefully.請寫得慢一些，仔細一些3）多個不同副詞排列：程度+地點+方式+時間副詞。注意：副詞very可以修飾形容詞，但不能修飾動詞。改錯：（錯）IverylikeEnglish.（對）IlikeEnglishverymuch.注意：副^enough要放在形容詞的后面，形容詞Enough放在名詞前后都可。例如：Idon\'tknowhimwellenough.他我不熟悉。Thereisenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.有足夠的食物供每個人吃。兼有兩種形式的副詞close與closelyclose意思是\"近\"；closely意思是\"仔細地\"。例如：Heissittingclosetome.他就坐在我邊上。Watchhimclosely.盯著他。late與latelylate意思是\"晚\"；lately意思是\"最近\"。例如：Youhavecometoolate.你來得太晚了。Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?近來好嗎？deep與deeplydeep意思是\"深\",表示空間深度；deeply時常表示感情上的深度，\"深深地\"。例如：Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.他把棍子深深插進泥里。Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.老爸也被電影深深打動了。high與highlyhigh表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當于much。例如：Theplanewasflyinghigh.這架飛機飛得很高。Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.你的看法很有道理。wide與widelywide表示空間寬度；widely意思是\"廣泛地\",\"在許多地方\"。例如：Heopenedthedoorwide.他把門開得大大的。Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英語在世界范圍內廣泛使用。free與freelyfree的意思是\"免費\"；freely的意思是\"無限制地\"。例如：Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike無論什么時候，我這飯鋪免費對你開放。五?各種類型副詞的位置英語中副詞的位置和漢語不盡相同，它的位置比較靈活。通常用作狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞等。下面來介紹一下副詞的分類方法：多數副詞都可以放在它所修飾的動詞后面。如：Wearelivinghappily.我們幸福的生活著。Herunsslowly.他跑的很慢。時間副詞、地點副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。如:Theywenttotheparkyesterdaymorning.昨天上午他們去公園了。IheardhimsingEnglishsongsoverthere.我聽見他在那邊唱英語歌曲。Hedrovethejeepcarefully.他小心地開著吉普。注意:有時表示時間的副詞也可放在句首，起強調作用。如：YesterdayIgotuplate.昨天我起床很晚。頻度副詞一般放在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞及第一個助動詞之后，實義動詞之前如:Heisseldomill.他很少生病。Youmustalwaysrememberthis.你一定要記住這一點。Ioftenwritetomyparents.我經常寫信給父母。Doyouusuallygotoschoolonfoot.你經常走路去上學？HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他從來沒有去過北京。注意:有時為了加強語氣，頻度副詞也可放在句首。如：Sometimesshegoestoschoolbybusandsometimesshegoestoschoolbybike.有時她乘公共汽車上學，有時騎自行車去。程度副詞修飾動詞時，與頻度副詞相同，修飾形容詞和副詞時，放在它所修飾的詞前面。如：That'squiteearly.那很早。Inearlymissedthebus.我?guī)缀蹂e過了公交車。Shedidratherbadly.她干得相當糟。她干得相當糟。否定副詞一般放在動詞之前、系動詞be或助動詞之后。如：Sheseldomgoesoutatnight.她晚上很少出門。Iamneverlateforschool.我上學從不遲到。Wehadhardlygottothestationwhenthetrainleft.火車離開時，我們差不多/幾乎到了車站。疑問副詞放在特殊疑問句的句首。如：Whencanyoucome?你什么時候來？Howmanydaysarethereinamonth?一個月有多少天？Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougrowup?長大以后，你打算干什么？Wherewereyouborn?你是在那里出生的？Whydidn'thecome?他為什么沒有來？同時存在時間狀語和地點狀語時，時間狀語一般放在后面。如：Themeetingwillbeheldintheclassroomtomorrow.明天會議將在教室里舉行。HewatchedTVinhisroomlastnight.他作晚在房間里看電視。TheyarrivedinBeijingat8o'clocklastevening.他們昨天晚上8:00到達北京。注：有些詞既可用做形容詞也可副詞。如：late,wide,well,fast,easy,early等Theroadissowidethat8busescangothrowitatatime.Openyourmouthwide.形容詞副詞練習一.基礎練習IfIhad,IwouldvisitEurope,stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces.A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenoughTheseorangestaste.A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewellHowbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard.A.thebettervoiceB.agoodvoiceC.thebestvoiceD.abettervoiceIwouldbe,ifyoucouldgivemeanearlyreply.A.pleasantB.gratefulC.satisfiedD.helpfulThoseT-shirtsareusually$35each,buttodaytheyhavea(an)priceof$19intheshoppingcenter.A.regularB.specialC.cheapD.ordinaryMrSmithboughtapurseforhiswife.A.smallblackleatherB.blackleathersmallC.smallleatherblackD.blacksmallleatherHowwasyourjobinterview?Oh,Icouldn'tfeel.Ihardlyfoundproperanswerstomostofthequestionstheyasked.A.betterB.easierC.worseD.happierLongjingtea,JasmineteaandWuyiteaareallfamous,butwhichdoyouthinkA.tastesbestB.smellsmostC.soundsbestD.drinksmostlyCanLiHuahelpmewithmyEnglish?IregrettotellyouherEnglishisyours.A.asgoodasB.nomorethanC.nobetterthanD.asmuchasAlthoughhesometimesloseshistemper,hisstudentslikehimforit.A.notsomuchB.notsolittleC.nomoreD.nolessWhentheycamein,MrHarrislikeababy.Nobodywouldliketowakehimfromagooddream,becauseheneededrest.A.fellasleepB.wassoundasleepC.gotasleepD.wenttosleepThisyeartheyhaveproducedgraintheydidlastyear.A.asless；asB.asfew；asC.less；thanD.fewer；thanCanIhelpyou?Well,I'mafraidtheboxisheavyforyou,butthankyouallthesame.A.soB.muchC.veryD.tooHowdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?Ithoroughlyenjoyit.ItwasthanIexpected.A.farmoreinterestingB.evenmuchinterestingC.sofarinterestingD.alotmuchinterestingWouldyoulikesomewine?Yes,just.A.littleB.verylittleC.alittleD.littlebitIttakesalongtimetogotherebytrain；it'sbyroad.A.quickB.thequickestC.muchquickD.quickerIftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhaveatschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertimeI'msurprisedthatyoushouldhavebeenfooledbysucha(an)trick.A.ordinaryB.easyC.smartD.simpleThesalesmanshowedherseveralbagsandshechoseoneasshedidn'twanttospendtoomuchmoneyonit.A.thelessexpensiveB.lessexpensiveC.theleastexpensiveD.leastexpensiveboxcannotbeliftedbyaboyoffive.A.SoaheavyB.SoheavyaC.AsuchheavyD.Suchheavya二?提高練習Toplantthetree,wemustdig.A.athreefeetdeepholeB.three-foot-deepaholeC.aholethreefeetdeepD.athree-feet-deepholeIthinkheisoneofthebestmenyou'vefound.A.neverB.alreadyC.everD.oncetheboy'sgrown!Heisalmosthisfather.A.What,astallasB.What,tallerthanC.How,astallasD.How,tallerthanIhaven'tgotnailstomendthecupboard.Ineedanotherthreeofthem.A.enoughbigB.bigenoughC.muchbiggerD.manyenoughHenryknowslittleofphysicsofchemistry.A.aswellasB.nolessthanC.andstillmoreD.andstillless—Thedishisdelicious!—Well,atleastit'stheoneIcookedyesterday.A.asbadasB.noworsethanC.aswellasD.nobetterthan一Doyouthinktheweatherisgoodenoughforapicnic?—Yes.Youcouldn'thopeforatthistimeoftheyear.A.anicedayB.thenicedayC.anicerdayD.thenicestdayItmakesThomasnobetter,anditmakesyouA.bestB.goodC.wellD.worseWiththehelpofthenewequipment,ourfactoriesproducedVCDplayersin2000astheyearbefore.A.asmanyastwiceB.twicemorethanC.astwicemanyD.twiceasmanyIhadinvited50gueststotheparty,butactuallytwicecame.A.morethanB.asmanyC.asmuchD.lessthan一Whydidn'tyougotothecinemalastnight?Itwassomethinginteresting.A.farlessB.moreorlessC.muchmoreD.anyfurtherThepopulationofmanyAlaskancitieshasdoubledinthepastfiveyears.A.largerthanB.morethanC.asgreatlyasD.asmuchas一Thisisagoodplaceforapicnic.Yes,itcouldn'tbe.A.betterB.bestC.worstD.worse一HowdoyoulikeyourteacherofEnglish?Well,nooneteacheshere.A.wellB.poorlyC.bestD.betterInthepoorpartsofAmerica'sbigcitiesthereisalot