考研考博-英語-麗水學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-麗水學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thehealth-careeconomyisrepletewithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.Oneoftheleastunderstoodinvolvesthepeculiarrolesofproduceror"provider"andpurchaseror"consumer"inthetypicaldoctor-patientrelationship.Inmostsectorsoftheeconomy,itisthesellerwhoattemptstoattractapotentialbuyerwithvariousinducementsofprice,quality,andutility,anditisthebuyerwhomakesthedecision.Wherecircumstancespermitthebuyernochoicebecausethereiseffectivelyonlyonesellerandtheproductisrelativelyessential,governmentusuallyassertsmonopolyandplacestheindustryunderpriceandotherregulations.Neitheroftheseconditionsprevailsinmostofthehealth-careindustry.

Inthehealth-careindustry,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisthemirrorimageoftheordinaryrelationshipbetweenproducerandconsumer.Onceanindividualhaschosentoseeaphysician一andeventhentheremaybenorealchoice—itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesday,”whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.Itisarareandsophisticatedpatientwhowillchallengesuchprofessionaldecisionsorraiseinadvancequestionsaboutprice,especiallywhentheailmentisregardedasserious.

Thisisparticularlysignificantinrelationtohospitalcare.Thephysicianmustcertifytheneedforhospitalization,determinewhatprocedureswillbeperformed,andannouncewhenthepatientmaybedischarged.Thepatientmaybeconsultedaboutsomeofthesedecisions,butinthemainitisthedoctor’sjudgmentsthatarefinal.Littlewonderthenthatintheeyesofthehospitalitisthephysicianwhoisthereal“consumer”.Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe"powercenter'*inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.

Althoughusuallythereareinthissituationfouridentifiableparticipants—thephysician,thehospital,thepatient,andthepayer(generallyaninsurancecarrierorgovernment)—thephysicianmakestheessentialdecisionsforallofthem.Thehospitalbecomesanextensionofthephysician;thepayergenerallymeetsmostofthebonafidebillsgeneratedbythephysician/hospital;andforthemostpartthepatientplaysapassiverole.Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsare,ofcourse,muchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Inillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,however,suchchoicestendtoevaporate,anditisfortheseillnessesthatthebulkofthehealth-caredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.Forthisreason,economymeasuresdirectedatpatientsorthegeneralpublicisrelativelyineffective.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredthatdoctorsareabletodeterminehospitalpoliciesbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whenadoctortellsapatientto"returnnextWednesday",thedoctorisineffect（

）.

4.Theauthorismostprobablyleadingupto（）.

5.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgehospitalstoreclaimtheirdecision-makingauthority

B.criticizedoctorsforexercisingtoomuchcontroloverpatients

C.analyzesomeimportanteconomicfactorsinhealthcare

D.speculateabouttherelationshipbetweenapatient'sabilitytopayandthetreatmentreceived

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisdoctorswhogenerateincomeforthehospital

B.mostofapatient'sbillsarepaidbyhishealthinsurance

C.adoctorisultimatelyresponsibleforapatient’shealth

D.hospitaladministratorslacktheexpertisetoquestionmedicaldecisions

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.advisingthepatienttoseekasecondopinion

B.instructingthepatienttobuymoremedicalservices

C.takingadvantageofthepatient'sconcernforhishealth

D.warningthepatientthat.ahospitalstaymightbenecessary

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.aproposaltocontrolmedicalcosts

B.adiscussionofanewmedicaltreatment

C.ananalysisofthecausesofinflationintheUnitedStates

D.astudyoflawsuitsagainstdoctorsformalpractice

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.cautious

B.defiant

C.inquisitive

D.analytical

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.A項(xiàng)意為“為了敦促醫(yī)院收回他們的決策權(quán)力”；B項(xiàng)意為“批判醫(yī)生太多控制病人”；C項(xiàng)意為“為了分析在健康醫(yī)療中的一些重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)因素”；D項(xiàng)意為“猜測病人支付的能力和接受的治療之間的關(guān)系”。文章從第一段開始引入經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系中的“提供者”與“消費(fèi)者”之間的關(guān)系，然后引出醫(yī)療健康中的醫(yī)患關(guān)系，到后面講述醫(yī)生在醫(yī)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)中擁有絕對的‘權(quán)利’；所以文章是分析了economicrelationship即醫(yī)患關(guān)系中的經(jīng)濟(jì)因素，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.由第二段中itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesdav，’’whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.通常是由醫(yī)生來決定病人什么時(shí)候來復(fù)診、是否需要照X光以及需要哪種藥，而病人是無法也不會去質(zhì)疑醫(yī)生的決定的；再由第三段最后Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe"powercenter"inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.因此，在醫(yī)院的政策和決策中，醫(yī)務(wù)人員代表的是“權(quán)力中心”，而不是行政部門。確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.A選項(xiàng)意為：建議病人尋找第二意見；B選項(xiàng)意為：指導(dǎo)病人買更多的醫(yī)療服務(wù)；C選項(xiàng)意為：利用病人對自己健康的關(guān)心；D選項(xiàng)意為：警告病人住院時(shí)很有必要的。文章從一開始在分析醫(yī)患關(guān)系，提到醫(yī)生和病人之間的關(guān)系就是經(jīng)濟(jì)中的生產(chǎn)者與消費(fèi)者之間的關(guān)系的一個(gè)縮影，醫(yī)生在醫(yī)患關(guān)系中占主導(dǎo)地位，而醫(yī)生對于醫(yī)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)起到重要的作用，因此作者更傾向醫(yī)生這么做是為了讓病人花費(fèi)更多的錢來達(dá)到自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，故應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)更符合作者的看法；此處C項(xiàng)是一個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)，不可否認(rèn)醫(yī)生也是為了病人的健康考慮所以會安排復(fù)診，但是作者在本文中更多的是揭露醫(yī)患之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選B。

4.題目的意思是：根據(jù)作者的說法，當(dāng)醫(yī)生告訴病人“下周三再來”時(shí)，醫(yī)生實(shí)際是說……A項(xiàng)意為“控制醫(yī)療成本的一項(xiàng)提議”；B項(xiàng)意為“對一種新的醫(yī)學(xué)治療的一次討論”C項(xiàng)意為“對美國通貨膨脹原因的分析”；D項(xiàng)意為“針對醫(yī)生的玩忽職守訴訟的研究”。文章主要是以醫(yī)患關(guān)系中醫(yī)生作為主導(dǎo)這一論點(diǎn)開展的，在文章的最后也提到Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.Forthisreason,economymeasuresdirectedatpatientsorthegeneralpublicisrelativelyineffective.70-80%的醫(yī)療開支都是由醫(yī)務(wù)人員決定的，而不是病人。正因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，針對病人或者大眾的經(jīng)濟(jì)措施是相對無效的。所以A選項(xiàng)“控制醫(yī)療成本的一項(xiàng)提議”正確。

5.A選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎的”；B選項(xiàng)“蔑視的"；C選項(xiàng)“好奇的”；D選項(xiàng)“分析的”。作者一開始闡述了經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系中的兩大主體生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者，然后進(jìn)一步提到了醫(yī)患關(guān)系是這一經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的縮影，從而揭露出醫(yī)生在醫(yī)療經(jīng)濟(jì)中占有絕對的主導(dǎo)地位，最后再給予建議，因此這篇文章主要是針對社會現(xiàn)象的本質(zhì)的分析性文章，D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Hundredsoflocalresidentssigneda（）againstclosingtheswimming-pool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.petition

B.perceive

C.partition

D.participation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：數(shù)百名當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈炇鹆艘环莘磳﹃P(guān)閉游泳池的請?jiān)笗?。因此選A。

3.翻譯題

好的教師知道他們的職責(zé)不單是向?qū)W生灌輸知識，他們深切體會到教學(xué)工作不只是授課。好的教師運(yùn)用對所教導(dǎo)的科目的熱情和愛好，來激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，并不斷構(gòu)想新方法和吸取新觀點(diǎn)，來為每一堂課注入新的生命。最重要的是：好的教師能使每一名學(xué)生深信自己事事都能勝任。他們絕對信任學(xué)生的能力，深信每一名孩子都有發(fā)揮潛能成為心目中要成為的人物。好的教師使學(xué)生自我肯定本身的能力，鼓勵(lì)他們勇于追求夢想，并從旁引導(dǎo)他們?nèi)绾螌?shí)現(xiàn)這些夢想。

【答案】Goodteachersknowthattheirjobisnotjusttoimpartknowledge,theyunderstandthatteachingismorethanjustinstructing.Goodteachersinspireintheirstudentsaloveforlearningthroughtheirenthusiasmandpassionfortheirsubject,andthroughtheirowneffortstocontinuallydevelopnewskillsandembracenewideasinordertobringafreshperspectivetoeverylesson.Aboveallelse,goodteachershavetheabilitytomakeeverystudentfeelthatheisawinner.Theyhavefaithintheirstudents'abilities,andbelievethateverychildhasthepotentialtobeanythinghewantstobe.Goodteachersgivetheirstudentsasenseofself-worth,encouragethemtodream,andshowthemhowtopursuethosedreams.

4.單選題

Themotionofoceanwater（

）atdifferentdepthsbelowthesurface.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.varies

B.modified

C.alters

D.differs

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在海面下的不同深度，海水的運(yùn)動(dòng)是變化的。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Vary變化;modify修改，修飾;alter改變，更改;differ相異,有區(qū)別,不同于。故A符合句意。

5.單選題

Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.

Severalstudiesoverthepastthreedecadeshavereportedthatpeoplecanretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemoriesofthingsthathappenedwhiletheywerebeingoperatedon.Butfailurebyotherresearcherstoconfirmsuchfindingshasledskepticstospeculatethatthepatientswhorememberedtheseeventsmightbrieflyhaveregainedconsciousnessinthecourseofoperations.

GittaLubke,PeterSebelandcolleaguesatEmoryUniversityinAtlantameasuredthedepthofanesthesiausingbispectralanalysis,atechniquewhichmeasureschangesinbrainwavepatternsinthefrontallobesmomentbymomentduringsurgery.Beforethisstudy,researchersonlytookanaveragemeasurementoverthewholeoperation,saysLubke.

Lubkestudied96traumapatientsundergoingemergencysurgery,manyofwhomweretooseverelyinjuredtotoleratefullanesthesia.Duringsurgery,eachpatientworeheadphonesthroughwhichaseriesof16wordswasrepeatedfor3minuteseach.Atthesametime,bispectralanalysisrecordedthedepthofanesthesia.

Aftertheoperation,Lubketestedthepatientsbyshowingthemthefirstthreelettersofaword,suchas“l(fā)im-”,andaskingthemtocompleteit.Patientswhohadhadawordstartingwiththeselettersplayedduringsurgery—“l(fā)imit”,forexample—chosethatwordanaverageof11percentmoreoftenthanpatientswhohadbeenplayedadifferentwordlist.Noneofthepatientshadanyconsciousmemoryofhearingthewordlists.

Unconsciousprimingwasstrongestforwordsplayedwhenpatientsweremostlightlyanaesthetized.Butitwasstatisticallysignificantevenwhenpatientswerefullyanaesthetizedwhenthewordwasplayed.

ThisfindingwhichwillbepublishedinthejournalAnesthesiologycouldmeanthatoperatingtheatrestaffshouldbemorediscreet.“Whattheysayduringsurgerymaydistresspatientsafterwards,”saysPhilipMerikle,apsychologistattheUniversityofWaterloo,Ontario.

1.Scientistshavefoundthatdeepanesthesia______.

2.Bythenewstudythetechniqueofbyspectralanalysishelpsthescientists______.

3.Totestthepatientsthescientists______.

4.Theresultsfromthenewstudyindicatethatitwaspossibleforthepatients______.

5.Whatwecaninferfromthefindingis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.islikelytoaffecthearing

B.cannotblocksurgeon’swords

C.cancauseseriousdamagestomemory

D.helpstoretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemories

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.acquireanaveragemeasurementofbrainwavechangesoverthewholesurgery

B.decidewhetherthepatientwouldretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemories

C.relatetheirmeasurementsandrecordingstotheverbalsoundsduringsurgery

D.assurethedepthofanesthesiaduringsurgery

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.preparedtwolistsofwords

B.usedninety-sixheadphonesforlistening

C.conductedthewholeexperimentforthreeminutes

D.voicedonlythefirstthreelettersofsixteenwordsduringsurgery

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.toregainconsciousnessundertheknife

B.totellonewordfromanotheraftersurgery

C.torecallwhathadbeenheardduringsurgery

D.tooverreacttodeepanesthesiainthecourseofoperation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.howsurgeonmalpracticecanbeprevented

B.whyasurgeoncannotbetoocareful

C.whysurgeonsshouldholdtheirtonguesduringsurgery

D.howthepostoperativepatientscanretainsubconsciousmemories

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段“Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.（一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，即使病人沒有醒來，他們也能回憶起在全身麻醉下聽到的聲音。）”也就是說，全麻不會阻止病人聽到醫(yī)生說的話，所以B選項(xiàng)“不能阻擋外科醫(yī)生的話”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“可能影響聽力”和C選項(xiàng)“會對記憶造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p害”文章沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“幫助保持有意識或潛意識的記憶”中的“幫助”表述不當(dāng)，所以不正確。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段“Severalstudiesoverthepastthreedecadeshavereportedthatpeoplecanretainconsciousorsubconsciousmemoriesofthingsthathappenedwhiletheywerebeingoperatedon.（過去30年里的幾項(xiàng)研究報(bào)告稱，人們可以對手術(shù)過程中發(fā)生的事情保持有意識或潛意識的記憶。）”和第三段“...usingbispectralanalysis,atechniquewhichmeasureschangesinbrainwavepatternsinthefrontallobesmomentbymomentduringsurgery.（使用雙譜分析技術(shù)測量了麻醉深度，這種技術(shù)可以測量手術(shù)過程中大腦額葉中腦電波模式的變化。）”可知雙譜分析技術(shù)是幫助科學(xué)家們決定病人是保留有意識的記憶還是潛意識的記憶，所以B選項(xiàng)“判斷病人是否會保留有意識的記憶或潛意識的記憶”正確。由第三段“Beforethisstudy,researchersonlytookanaveragemeasurementoverthewholeoperation（在這項(xiàng)研究之前，研究人員只對整個(gè)手術(shù)進(jìn)行了平均測量）”可知A選項(xiàng)“獲得整個(gè)手術(shù)期間腦電波變化的平均測量值”說法錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“將他們的測量和錄音與手術(shù)過程中的語音聯(lián)系起來”和D選項(xiàng)“術(shù)中保證麻醉深度”不符合原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段Patientswhohadhadawordstartingwiththeselettersplayedduringsurgery—“l(fā)imit”,forexample—chosethatwordanaverageof11percentmoreoftenthanpatientswhohadbeenplayedadifferentwordlist.（那些在手術(shù)中播放以這些字母開頭的單詞的患者——例如，“l(fā)imit”——選擇這個(gè)單詞的頻率比播放不同單詞列表的患者平均高11%）可推斷出有兩個(gè)不同的單詞表，所以A選項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)備了兩份單詞表”正確。B選項(xiàng)“使用了九十六個(gè)耳機(jī)聽”；C選項(xiàng)“整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了三分鐘”；D選項(xiàng)“在手術(shù)中只發(fā)聲16個(gè)單詞的前三個(gè)字母”都不符合原文，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段“Patientscanrecallwhattheyhearwhileundergeneralanestheticeveniftheydon’twakeup,concludesanewstudy.（一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，即使病人沒有醒來，他們也能回憶起在全身麻醉下聽到的聲音。）”可知對病人來說?；貞浧鹗中g(shù)期間聽到的東西是有可能的，所以C選項(xiàng)“回憶手術(shù)中聽到的一切”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在刀下恢復(fù)意識”；B選項(xiàng)“手術(shù)后說出一個(gè)詞和另一個(gè)詞”；D選項(xiàng)“在手術(shù)過程中對深度麻醉反應(yīng)過度”都不符合原文，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段“...operatingtheatrestaffshouldbemorediscreet...Whattheysayduringsurgerymaydistresspatientsafterwards（……這可能意味著手術(shù)室的工作人員應(yīng)該更加謹(jǐn)慎……他們在手術(shù)中說的話可能會讓病人在手術(shù)后感到痛苦）”可推斷出工作人員在手術(shù)期間最好不要說話，所以C選項(xiàng)“為什么外科醫(yī)生在手術(shù)時(shí)不應(yīng)該說話”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“如何防止外科醫(yī)生瀆職”；B選項(xiàng)“為什么外科醫(yī)生越小心越好”；D選項(xiàng)“術(shù)后患者如何保持潛意識記憶”均不符合原文，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET.

當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入數(shù)碼物件的電子時(shí)代時(shí)，最重要的是要意識到新技術(shù)已經(jīng)給我們這個(gè)社會帶來了很多挑戰(zhàn)，其中之一就是如何在這個(gè)電子時(shí)代保存好歷史檔案記錄。更重要的是我們要知道，我們正在步入這樣一個(gè)時(shí)代：即我們今天所熟知的很多東西以及用電子方式編碼和寫入的很多東西將會永久丟失。其中一個(gè)例子就是遍布世界各地政府和大學(xué)的很多數(shù)據(jù)集由于技術(shù)的變化而被淘汰了，而且這些數(shù)據(jù)將來要么丟失，要么需要采取髙昂的“營救”措施來挽救它們。在我看來，我們正生活在一個(gè)數(shù)碼黑暗時(shí)代。因此，圖書和檔案管理員肩挑的責(zé)任就是要恪守我們這個(gè)時(shí)代崇尚歷史和出版遺產(chǎn)的傳統(tǒng)。

【答案】Asweentertheelectronicageofdigitalobjects,themostsignificantthingistorecognizethatnewtechnologieshavebroughtmanychallengestooursociety.Oneofthemishowtopreservehistoricalrecordsinthiselectronicage.Moreimportantly,wearemovingintoanerainwhichmuchofwhatweknowtoday,andmuchofwhatisencodedandwrittenelectronically,willbelostforever.Oneexampleisthatmanydatasetsfromgovernmentsanduniversitiesaroundtheworldareobsoletedduetochangesintechnology,andthatdatawilleitherbelostinthefutureorwillrequirecostly“rescue”measurestosaveit.Inmyopinion,wearelivinginadigitaldarkage.Therefore,theresponsibilityoflibrariansandarchivistsistoscrupulouslyabidebythehistoricalandpublishingheritageweupholdinourtime.

7.單選題

Peopleofdiversebackgroundsnowflytodistantplacesforpleasure,businessoreducation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.different

B.distinctive

C.divorced

D.separate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：……背景的人們現(xiàn)在飛到遙遠(yuǎn)的地方去度假、經(jīng)商或接受教育。A選項(xiàng)different“不同的”；B選項(xiàng)distinctive“獨(dú)特的，與眾不同的”；C選項(xiàng)divorced“分離的”；D選項(xiàng)separate“分開的，單獨(dú)的”。這里應(yīng)該指的是背景不同，diverse意為“不同的”，選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

8.翻譯題

HanDynasty,foundedin202BC,wasoneofthelongestdynastiesinChinesehistory.Itwasdividedintotwoperiods:theWesternHanDynastyandtheEasternHanDynasty.Consideredagoldenage,HanDynastycreatedagloriouscivilizationinvariousaspects,includingeconomy,culture,artaswellasscienceandtechnology,etc.HanDynastylaidafoundationfortheethniccultureoftheHanNationality,andConfucianismrespectedbytheWesternHanDynastybecamethemainstreamideologyofChina.

【答案】漢朝建于公元前202年，是中國歷史上存在時(shí)間最長的朝代之一，分為西漢與東漢兩個(gè)階段。漢朝被稱為黃金時(shí)代，在經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、藝術(shù)和科技等各個(gè)方面均創(chuàng)造了輝煌的文明。漢朝奠定了漢民族的民族文化，西漢所尊崇的儒家思想成為中國的主流思想。

9.單選題

PeoplewithADHDhavedifficultykeepingtheirmindsononething;theymayrunintothestreetwithoutlooking,（

）inappropriatecommentsinclass,andinterruptconversations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blurtout

B.breakinto

C.makeout

D.crushout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。blurtout意為“脫口而出”；breakinto意為“闖入”；makeout意為“理解，看出”；crushout意為“撲滅，熄滅”。

句意：多動(dòng)癥患者很難把注意力集中在一件事上；他們會不看路就跑到街上去，在班級里脫口而出不合適的言論，也會打斷談話。

10.單選題

Althoughhehasbecomerich,heisstillvery（

）ofhismoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.frugal

D.careful

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。句意:雖然他已經(jīng)很富有了，但是他仍十分節(jié)儉。

economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；thrifty節(jié)儉的，通常與with連用，例如bethriftywithmoney節(jié)約用錢；frugal節(jié)儉，通常與of連用，例如befrugalofone’smoney節(jié)約用錢;careful小心的。故選C。

11.單選題

Shewalkedroundtothe（

）ofthecarandstoodsilentlywhileheundidthebootandpickedupherbag.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ream

B.ranch

C.rear

D.realm

【答案】C

【解析】考察形近詞辨析。ream“令（紙張的計(jì)數(shù)單位），大量”；ranch“大農(nóng)場，大牧場”；rear“后面，屁股，后方部隊(duì)”；realm“領(lǐng)域，范圍，王國”。句意：她圍繞著車后方走…。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.填空題

AustrianphysicianAlfredAdlertheorizedthatpeopleareprimarilymotivatedtoovercomeinherentfeelingsof________.(inferior)

【答案】inferiority

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】名詞。

【解題思路】feelingsof________是名詞所有格結(jié)構(gòu)，所以橫線處應(yīng)為名詞。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞inherentfeelings，可知這里講的和感受相關(guān)，feelingofinferiority的意思為“自卑感”，inferiority符合語境。

【句意】奧地利醫(yī)生阿爾弗雷德?阿德勒提出理論，即人們的動(dòng)機(jī)主要是克服內(nèi)在的自卑感。

13.單選題

16-20

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whitebloodcellcount.

B.Redbloodcellcount.

C.X-ray.

D.ECG.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toomuchworktodo.

B.Aheavyloadofstudying.

C.Herdaughter’ssickness.

D.Herinsufficientincome.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Leukemia.

B.Gastriculcer.

C.Immunedisease.

D.Gastricinfluenza.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Takethewhitetabletsthreetimesaday.

B.Takethecharcoaltabletsthreetimesaday.

C.Takeoneortwowhitetabletsatatime.

D.Taketwocharcoaltabletsaday.20.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Stayoffwork.

B.Drinkplentyofliquids.

C.Eatalotofvegetablesandfruit.

D.Postponeyourexercisewhensick.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】P:Hereismyresult,doctor.

D:Haveaseat,andlet’shavealook.Well,yourECGisperfectlynormal,andthereisnoproblemwithyourX-ray,either.(16)Butyourwhitebloodcellcountisratherhigh,whichiswhatIexpected,anditshowsyourbodyisfightingthevirus.

P:IsthereanythinghereIcandosothatIcanfeelbetter,doctor?(17)Iamreallybusyatworkthisweek.AndIhavealotofstufftodo,butIdon'tfeeluptoit.Alsomydaughterisstudyingbedand...

D:Don’tworry.It’sjustagainstthefeel.ButIwillgiveyousomemedicineforittomakeyoufeelbetter.(19)Threetimesadaytakethewhitetabletsasdirectedonthelabelaftermeals.Andforthetablets,takeoneortwodependingonhowsuitableyourbowelsare.

P:IsthereanythingelseIcando,DoctorHunt?

D:Iknowyouarebusy,(20)butyoureallyshouldn’tgotowork.However,that’suptoyou.Restasmuchaspossible,drinkplentyofliquid,andeatplentyofvegetablesandfruits.Remember,anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Ifthereisnoimprovementafterthreedays,comebackandseemeagain.

P:Thankyou,doctor.

16.Accordingtothewomen’stestresults,whichofthefollowingitemisabnormal?

【解析】根據(jù)醫(yī)生的判斷，病人的ECG十分正常（perfectlynormal），X片也沒有問題，但是白血球數(shù)量很高(whitebloodcellcountisratherhigh)。因此本題答案為A。

17.Whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforthewoman’sanxiety?

【解析】病人很焦慮，因?yàn)樗救斯ぷ骱苊?，女兒也生病了，學(xué)習(xí)壓力也很大。只有D（收入不足）不是她焦慮的原因。

18.Whatisthedoctor’sdiagnosisofthewoman?

【解析】醫(yī)生說病人的白細(xì)胞量高，證明身體正在跟病毒斗爭，由此推理可知，病人可能是免疫系統(tǒng)出了點(diǎn)問題。故本題選C。

19.Howdoesthedoctorsaythemedicationsareadministeredforthewoman?

【解析】醫(yī)生說，按照說明一天只服三次白色藥片，而charcoal藥片則需要根據(jù)腸胃（bowels）的適應(yīng)度，再?zèng)Q定是服用一片還是兩片，因此本題正確答案為A。

20.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthesuggestionsbythedoctor?

【解析】醫(yī)生對病人的建議是：不能上班，大量飲水，多吃蔬菜和水果。只有“生病時(shí)延緩健身”未被提及，故本題答案為D。

14.單選題

Thedepthofthenovelandthevalueofitsartisticandideologicalfeaturedonotdependonthetheme—either（）orsignificant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preliminary

B.versatile

C.trivial

D.alternate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。preliminary“初步的”；versatile“多才多藝的”；trivial“不重要的”；alternate“交替的”。根據(jù)orsignificant可知空格處詞語的意思應(yīng)該與significant相反，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Thefamousscientist

hissuccesstohardwork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascribed

B.granted

C.imparted

D.acknowledged

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。ascribe“歸因于”，一般與to搭配，ascribeto“把……歸于”；grant“（合法地）授予”；impart“告知”；acknowledge“承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)”。句意：這位著名的科學(xué)家將其成功歸功于努力。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

Thepriestmadetheofthe（

）crosswhenheenteredthechurch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mark

B.signal

C.sign

D.gesture

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。句意:牧師進(jìn)入教堂之前比劃了一個(gè)十字。

Signofthecross為固定搭配，意為“十字架”,mark標(biāo)記,記號;signal信號;gesture手勢,makeagesture做手勢；擺...姿態(tài),但是通常不和thecross連用。故選C。

17.單選題

Thegoodnewsmadeheadlinesnationwide:Deathsfromseveralkindsofcancerhavedeclinedsignificantlyinrecentyears.Butthenewshastobebittersweetformanycancerpatientsandtheirfamilies.Everyyear,morethan500,000peopleintheUnitedStatesstilldieofcancer.Infact,morethanhalfofallpatientsdiagnosedwithcancerwilldieoftheirdiseasewithinafewyears.Andwhileitstruesurvivalislongertodaythaninthepast,thequalityoflifeforthesepatientsisoftengreatlydiminished.Cancer—andmanyofthetreatmentsusedtofightit—causespain,nausea,fatigue,andanxietythatroutinelygoundertreatedoruntreated.

Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.YettheNationalCancerInstitute(NCI),thefederalgovernment’sleaderincancerresearchandtraining,spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.

Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.NCIshouldcommittoandfundresearchaimedatimprovingsymptomcontrolandpalliativecare.NCIalsocoulddesignate“centersofexcellence”amongthecancercentersitrecognizes.Togetthatdesignation,centerswoulddeliverinnovative,top-qualitypalliativecaretoallsegmentsofthepopulationsthecentersserve;trainprofessionalsinmedicine,nursing,psychology,socialwork,andotherdisciplinestoprovidepalliativecare;andconductresearch.

Insurancecoverageforpalliativeandhospicecarealsocontributestotheproblembyforcingpeopletochoosebetweentreatmentorhospicecare.This“either/or”approachdoesnotreadilyallowthesetwotypesofessentialcaretobeintegrated.TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillnessandallowsenrollmentonlyifpatientsareexpectedtosurvivesixmonthsorless.Thebenefitexcludespatientsfromseekingbothpalliativecareandpotentiallylife-extendingtreatment.

Thatmakeshospiceenrollmentanobviousdeterrentformanypatients.Andhospices,whichmayhavethemostskilledpractitionersandthemostexperienceinadministeringpalliativecare,cannotoffertheirservicestopeoplewhocouldreallybenefitbutstillarepursuingactivetreatment.

Itisinnatelyhumantocomfortandprovidecaretothosesufferingfromcancer,particularlythoseclosetodeath.Yetwhatseemsself-evidentatanindividual,personallevelhasnotguidedpolicyatthelevelofinstitutionsinthiscountry.Deathisinevitable,butseveresufferingisnot.Toofferhopeforalonglifeofthehighestpossiblequalityandtodeliverthebestqualitycancercarefromdiagnosestodeath,ourpublicinstitutionsneedtomovetowardpoliciesthatvalueandpromotepalliativecare.

16.Palliativecareisconcernedwithimprovingpatients’________.

17.Accordingtotheauthor,researchonpalliativecare________.

18.Themainproblemofinsurancecoverageforhospicecareandactivetreatmentisthat________.

19.Hospicesoffercancerpatients________.

20.Thistextismainlyabout________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.survivalrates

B.qualityoflife

C.lifespans

D.optionsforhealthinsuranceproviders

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ismoreimportantthanresearchforcancercures

B.hasbeenoverlookedbyresearchers

C.isvirtuallynon-existent

D.isregardedbyresearchersasafrivoloustopic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itdoesnotallowpatientstoseekboth

B.itonlycoverspatientswhoselifeexpectancyislessthansixmonths

C.itdeprivespatientsoftherighttochoosebetweentwoproventreatmentmethods

D.hospicecareisonlycoveredwhenitmayextendapatient’slifeexpectancy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.analternativetopalliativecare

B.comfortintheirearlystagesofillness

C.skilledandexperiencedpalliativecare

D.analternativetoactivetreatment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.improvingcancerresearchintheU.S

B.reforminginsurancecoverageforcancerpatients

C.understandingdifferentoptionsforcancertreatmentandcare

D.reducingthesufferingofcancerpatients

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】16.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句palliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.（姑息治療的重點(diǎn)是在疾病過程中減輕身體和心理癥狀。）和第二句Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.（沒有什么比平穩(wěn)控制癥狀和支持性治療對癌癥患者及其家人的日常生活影響更大的了。），可知姑息治療對日常生活影響最大，所以B選項(xiàng)“生活質(zhì)量”正確。A選項(xiàng)“存活率”，C選項(xiàng)“壽命”和D選項(xiàng)“健康保險(xiǎn)公司的選擇”不是姑息治療的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare（在我國一心一意致力于治愈癌癥的同時(shí)，我們無意中低估了對姑息治療的迫切需要）和第三段第一句Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.（國家需要認(rèn)真對待減少不必要的痛苦。），可知在作者看來，姑息治療應(yīng)該更加被重視，所以B選項(xiàng)“被研究者忽視了”正確，沒有說姑息治療比治療癌癥本身更重要，故A選項(xiàng)“比癌癥治療的研究更重要”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“幾乎不存在”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句YettheNationalCancerInstitute(NCI)…spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.（然而，作為聯(lián)邦政府在癌癥研究和培訓(xùn)方面的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)，國家癌癥研究所在姑息治療的任何方面的研究或培訓(xùn)上的支出不到其1999年預(yù)算的1%。），可知有這方面的研究，只是很少，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“研究者認(rèn)為這個(gè)主題很無聊”：文章沒有提及，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Insurancecoverageforpalliativeandhospicecarealsocontributestotheproblembyforcingpeopletochoosebetweentreatmentorhospicecare.（姑息治療和臨終關(guān)懷的保險(xiǎn)范圍也導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)問題，因?yàn)樗仁谷藗冊谥委熀团R終關(guān)懷之間做出選擇。），可知醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)讓人只能在姑息治療和臨終關(guān)懷選擇其一，所以A選項(xiàng)“不允許病人同時(shí)尋求兩者”正確，但還是可以選擇，故C選項(xiàng)“剝奪了患者在兩種已被證實(shí)的治療方法之間選擇的權(quán)利”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“只覆蓋預(yù)期壽命少于6個(gè)月的患者”和D選項(xiàng)“只有當(dāng)臨終關(guān)懷可以延長病人的預(yù)期壽命時(shí)，它才包括在內(nèi)”：根據(jù)第四段第三、四句TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillnessandallowsenrollmentonlyifpatientsareexpectedtosurvivesixmonthsorless.Thebenefitexcludespatientsfromseekingbothpalliativecareandpotentiallylife-extendingtreatment.（醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)臨終關(guān)懷福利是專門為處于疾病最后階段的人設(shè)計(jì)的，只有在患者預(yù)計(jì)存活時(shí)間為6個(gè)月或更短的情況下才允許登記。這種好處使患者既不尋求姑息治療，也不尋求可能延長生命的治療。），這里說的是臨終關(guān)懷的使用情況，即患者預(yù)計(jì)存活時(shí)間為6個(gè)月或更短的時(shí)候采用臨終關(guān)懷，這時(shí)不以延長壽命為目的，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第二句Andhospices,whichmayhavethemostskilledpractitionersandthemostexperienceinadministeringpalliativecare（臨終關(guān)懷院或許有對臨終關(guān)懷最有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的醫(yī)生和姑息治療經(jīng)驗(yàn)），可知臨終關(guān)懷院提供給患者C選項(xiàng)“熟練和經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的姑息治療”，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“疾病早期階段的舒適”：根據(jù)第四段第三句TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillness（醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)臨終關(guān)懷福利是專門為處于疾病最后階段的人設(shè)計(jì)的），可知臨終關(guān)懷不針對疾病早期，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“姑息治療的替代方案”，和D選項(xiàng)“積極治療的替代方案”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.主旨大意題。文章第一段引入治療癌癥的副作用沒有得到充分治療，第二、三段呼吁國家對此采取措施，第四、五段提到臨終關(guān)懷對減輕患者痛苦的保險(xiǎn)情況，最后一段總結(jié)全文強(qiáng)調(diào)推動(dòng)姑息治療，全文都在圍繞減輕患者痛苦的醫(yī)療方法，所以D選項(xiàng)“減少癌癥患者的痛苦”正確。A選項(xiàng)“改善美國的癌癥研究”，B選項(xiàng)“改革癌癥患者的保險(xiǎn)范圍”和C選項(xiàng)“了解癌癥治療和護(hù)理的不同選擇”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Intheschoollibrarythereisacollectionofforeignbooks___tothepublic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accessible

B.adjustable

C.admirable

D.adaptable

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.accessible易接近的；可使用的B.adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的

C.admirable令人欽佩的；極好的D.adaptable能適應(yīng)的

【考查點(diǎn)】形近詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該是有一大批外國圖書可供公眾查閱。A選項(xiàng)accessible“可使用的”，accessibleto可表示“可得到的”可引申為此句所需要的邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】學(xué)校圖書館里有一批供公眾閱讀的外國書籍。

19.單選