考研考博-英語-云南外事外語職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南外事外語職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

IntheUnitedStateofAmericahouseshavechangedassocialcustomschanged.Atfirst,AmericanhousesfollowedthepatternsbroughtfromEuropebytheearlyimmigrants,but,sincetimberwasthemosteasilyobtainedmaterial,boardedwallsandshingleroofslargelyreplacedbricksandtiles.Lately,differentregionshaveevolvedtheirownmethodsofhousebuildingtosuitlocalconditions;forinstance,alowramblinghousewithwidelyspreadingeaves,istypicalofthePacificcoast.Inaddition,theplanofthehousehasbeguntochangeastheAmericanwayoflifehasdivergedmoreandmorefromtheEuropean.Housesarelessformal,androomsmergeoneintotheother,providingmorespaceforgeneralfamilylifeandfewerroomsforspecialpurposes.

【答案】在美國，房屋隨著社會習(xí)俗的改變而改變。起初，美國的房屋仿效早期移民從歐洲帶來的模式。但由于木材是最容易獲得的材料，木板墻和木瓦屋頂大量取代了磚塊和瓦。最近，不同的地區(qū)發(fā)展出了適合當(dāng)?shù)貤l件的房屋建造方法；例如，布局凌亂的低矮房子有著散開的屋檐，是典型的太平洋海岸建筑。此外，隨著美國人的生活方式越來越不同于歐洲人，住宅的規(guī)劃也開始改變。住宅不那么正式，房間相互融合，為一般家庭生活提供了更多的空間，特殊用途的空間也變少了。

2.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe______ofman’ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問題1選項

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.validity（法律上的）有效；合法性

B.liability（法律上對某事物的）責(zé)任，義務(wù)

C.capability能力；才能D.intensity強烈；緊張

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息man’ssensesforobservinghisenvironment（一個人觀察環(huán)境的感官）可知，空格處指的是“感官能力”，故該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項都不符合句意。

【句意】雷達被用來擴展人觀察環(huán)境的感官能力，特別是視覺。

3.單選題

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou.Yousay,"IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?

ProfessorJerealdJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientificstudyoflying.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentellinga"whitelie",suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksawful.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewayofpeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrainedobservertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow”.Theyalsotendtotouchcertainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch（癢）.

AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbookManWatchingcalls“themouthcover”.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwithfingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeinterpretedasanunconsciousattemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.

Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutinachaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmorefrequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawholenumberofthings,and,inparticular,thecontextinwhichthelieistold.

1.Onesometimestellsone'sfrienda“whitelie”becauseonewantsto

（

）.

2.Oneresearchsuggeststhatwomen（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.Peoplemayrubtheirnoseswhentheyliebecause

（

）.

5.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.makeaprofitfromtheotherperson

B.avoidoffendingtheotherperson

C.convincetheotherperson

D.havesomefun

問題2選項

A.generallylifefarmorethanmen

B.tendtotellmoreseriousliesthanmen

C.makemorepromisestheycanfulfillthanmen

D.arebetterattellinglessseriousliesthanmen

問題3選項

A.politicianstendtotellintentionallies

B.menarelessskilledattellinglies

C.businessmenseldombreaktheirpromises

D.womentendtomakefalsepromises

問題4選項

A.theysufferfromhighbloodpressureatthetime

B.thenoseisthemostsensitivepartofthehumanbody

C.thenoserevealstheliarmoreeasilythantheotherpartsoftheface

D.theydosoinordertostopthemselvesfromtellingmorelies

問題5選項

A.liescaneasilybedetectedbycarefulobservers

B.liesareusuallyaccompaniedbystrangegestures

C.peopleareabletotellaliewhentheyhearotherslying

D.aliarmaygiveawayhisorherintentionunconsciously

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文的舉例：比如一個女士在派對上對另一個女士說，她喜歡她的衣服，而實際上她覺得它看起來很糟糕。由此可推測，這樣說是為了避免冒犯他人，選項B正確。

2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies...”其他研究人員表示，男性更有可能說一些更嚴(yán)重的謊言。選項D是對原文的反向表達，意思是一致的，所以正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.”這是政客和商人應(yīng)該特別擅長的謊言：說謊者希望從謊言中獲利或在某些方面得到好處。由此可推測，政客們傾向于故意說謊，選項A符合原文。

4.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句“Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch.”對此的一種解釋可能是說謊會導(dǎo)致血壓輕微升高。鼻尖對于這種變化非常敏感，血壓增加會使它發(fā)癢。選項A符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。本題可采用排除法。選項A和C在文中沒有提及；選項B符合原文；選項D無法直接從文中的信息推導(dǎo)出來，所以選項B更恰當(dāng)。

4.單選題

Tosavemoneyformyeducation,motheroftentookonmoreworkthan（

）forher.

問題1選項

A.itwasgood

B.whatwasgood

C.wasgood

D.beinggood

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞性從句,than后面接名詞或者名詞性從句,只有B項符合。

5.單選題

Cometsarestillregardedwithawebysomepeople.

問題1選項

A.wonder

B.concern

C.resentment

D.detachment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。awe意為“敬畏，驚嘆”；wonder意為“驚異，驚嘆”；concern意為“涉及，關(guān)系到”；resentment意為“憤恨，不滿”；detachment意為“超然，公正，獨立”。

句意：一些人仍然敬畏彗星。

6.單選題

ASurveyhasfoundthatthreequartersofmenquiteenjoytheirfoodshoppingexperienceandarehappyto______theirwayaroundtheaislessearchingoutproducts.

問題1選項

A.drive

B.steer

C.navigate

D.voyage

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析與搭配。drive“推動；駕駛；驅(qū)趕”；steer“控制；引導(dǎo)；駕駛”；navigate“操縱；導(dǎo)航；航行”；voyage“航行；渡過”。四個選項雖都與駕駛、航行有關(guān)，但其中只有navigate可與one’swayaround搭配。句意：一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，四分之三的男性非常享受他們的食品購物體驗，他們很樂意推車購物車來回尋找商品。因此C選項符合題意。

7.單選題

Whenyouprepareforyourspeech,besuretocite（

）qualifiedsourcesofinformationandexamples.

問題1選項

A.unbiased

B.manipulated

C.distorted

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】詞義辨析題。A選項unbiased“公正的，無偏見的”；B選項manipulated“操作”；C選項distorted“扭曲的”；D選項conveyed“傳達”。

句意：當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備你的演講時，一定要引用公正的、合格的信息來源和例子。選項A符合句意。

8.單選題

Theconsolidationofthecrumblingwallsandtowershasbeencarriedoutin（）withaprogramagreedwithbytheDepartmentoftheEnvironment.

問題1選項

A.case

B.accordance

C.place

D.charge

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。inaccordancewith為固定搭配，表示“依照，與...一致”。

9.翻譯題

Considerthesurveyevidence,whichshowsthatwhilemostAmericanswanttohavebothscienceandreligionintheirlives,they’llonlygosofartopreservetheformerattheexpenseofthelatter.

【答案】根據(jù)調(diào)查證據(jù)思考發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管許多人在他們的生命里都想擁有科學(xué)和宗教，但是目前他們只會保留前者，而以后者為代價。

10.單選題

SinceWorldWarIIconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeintheareaofhealth-careservices.Theseincludebetteraccesstohealthcare(particularlyforthepoorandminorities),improvementsinphysicalplants,andincreasednumbersofphysiciansandotherhealthpersonnel.Allhaveplayedapartintherecentimprovementinlifeexpectancy.Butthereismountingcriticismofthelargeremaininggapsinaccess,unbridledcostinflation,thefurtherfragmentationofservice,excessiveindulgenceinwastefulhigh-technology“gadgeteering,”andabreakdownindoctor-patientrelationships.Inrecentyearsproposedpanaceasandnewprograms,smallandlarge,haveproliferatedatafeverishpaceanddisappointmentsmultiplyatalmostthesamerate.Thishasledtoanincreasedpessimism—“everythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks”—whichsometimesbordersoncynicismorevennihilism.

Itistruethattheautomatic“passthrough”ofrapidlyspiralingcoststogovernmentandinsurancecarriers,whichwassetinapublicizedenvironmentof“therichestnationintheworld,”producedforatimeasenseofunlimitedresourcesandallowedtodevelopamoodwherebyeverypractitionerandinstitutioncould“dohisownthing”withoutundueconcernforthe“MedicalCommons.”Thepracticeoffull-costreimbursementencouragedcapitalinvestmentandnowtheindustryisovercapitalized.Manycitieshavehundredsofexcesshospitalbeds;hospitalshaveproliferatedasuperabundanceofhigh-technologyequipment;andstructuralostentationandluxuryweretheorderoftheday.Inanygivenday,one-fourthofallcommunitybedsarevacant;expensiveequipmentisunderusedor,worse,usedunnecessarily.Capitalinvestmentbringsrapidlyrisingoperatingcosts.

Yet,inpart,thispessimismderivesfromexpectingtoomuchofhealthcare.Itmustberealizedthatcareis,formostpeople,apainfulexperience,oftenaccompaniedbyfearandunwelcomeresults.Althoughthereisvastroomforimprovement,healthcarewillalwaysretainsomeunpleasantnessandfrustration.Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain.Toomanyphysiciansarereluctanttoadmittheirlimitationstopatients;toomanypatientsandfamiliesareunwillingtoacceptsuchrealities.Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.Inthemain,however,suchundertakingshavebeendrownedbyaveritablefloodofpublicandprivatemoneyswhichhavesupportedandencouragedthecontinuationofconventionalpracticesandsubsidizedtheirshortcomingsonamassive,almostunrestrictedscale.Exceptforthemostidealisticanddedicated,therewerenoincentivestoseekchangeortopracticeself-restraintorfrugality.Inthisatmosphere,itisnotfairtocondemnasfailuresallattemptedexperiments;itmaybemoreaccuratetosaymanyneverhadafairtrial.

1.TheauthorimpliesthattheKaiserFoundationandPugetSoundplans(lines47-48)differedfromotherplansby（

）.

2.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingasconsequencesoffull-costreimbursementEXCEPT（

）.

3.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,the“pessimism”mentionedatline35ispartlyattributabletothefactthat（

）.

5.Theauthorcitestheprepaidplansinlines46-48as（

）.

6.Itcanbeinferredthatthesentence“HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain”meansthat（

）.

7.Withwhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofthesystemforthedeliveryofhealth-careserviceswouldtheauthormostlikelyagree?

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelogicalstructureoftheselection?

9.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.encouragingcapitalinvestment

B.requiringphysicianstotreatthepoor

C.providingincentivesforcostcontrol

D.employingonlydedicatedandidealisticdoctors

E.relyingprimarilyonpublicfunding

問題2選項

A.risingoperatingcosts

B.underusedhospitalfacilities

C.overcapitalization

D.overrelianceonexpensiveequipment

E.lackofservicesforminorities

問題3選項

A.light-heartedandamused

B.objectivebutconcerned

C.detachedandunconcerned

D.cautiousbutsincere

E.enthusiasticandenlightened

問題4選項

A.therehasbeenlittlerealimprovementinhealth-careservices

B.expectationsabouthealth-careservicesaresometimesunrealistic

C.largesegmentsofthepopulationfinditimpossibletogetaccesstohealth-careservices

D.advancesintechnologyhavemadehealthcareserviceunaffordable

E.doctorsarenowlessconcernedwithpatientcare

問題5選項

A.counterexamplestotheclaimthatnothinghasworked

B.examplesofhealth-careplansthatwereover-funded

C.evidencethathealth-careservicesarefragmented

D.proofofthetheorythatnoplanhasbeensuccessful

E.experimentsthatyieldeddisappointingresults

問題6選項

A.thecostofhealth-careserviceswillnotdecline

B.somepeopleshouldnotbecomedoctors

C.medicalcareisnotreallyessentialtogoodhealth

D.illnessisoftenunpleasantandevenpainful

E.medicalsciencecannotcureeveryill

問題7選項

A.Itisbiasedinfavorofdoctorsandagainstpatients.

B.Itishighlyfragmentedandcompletelyineffective

C.Ithasnotembracednewtechnologyrapidlyenough

D.Itisgenerallyeffectivebutcanbeimproved

E.Itdiscouragespeoplefromseekingmedicalcare

問題8選項

A.Thethirdparagraphisintendedasarefutationofthefirstandsecondparagraphs.

B.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsexplainandputintoperspectivethepointsmadeinthefirstparagraph.

C.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsexplainandputintoperspectivethepointsmadeinthefirstparagraph.

D.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaproblem,andthesecondandthirdparagraphspresenttwohornsofadilemma.

E.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaproblem,theseconditscauses,andthethirdapossiblesolution.

問題9選項

A.criticizephysiciansandhealth-careadministratorsforinvestingintechno?logicallyadvancedequipment

B.examinesomeproblemsaffectingdeliveryofhealth-careservicesandassesstheirseverity

C.defendthemedicalcommunityfromchargesthathealth-carehasnotimprovedsinceWorldWarII

D.analyzethereasonsforthehealth-careindustry’sinabilitytoprovidequalitycaretoallsegmentsofthepopulation

E.describethepeculiareconomicfeaturesofthehealth-careindustrythatarethecausesofspiralingmedicalcosts

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:E

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:E

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theKaiserFoundationandPugetSound，將信息點定位為文章第三段。根據(jù)“Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.（凱澤基金會（KaiserFoundation）和普吉特灣（PugetSound）的預(yù)付團體實踐計劃（grouppracticeplans）表明，并非所有的嘗試都是徒勞的。）”“Exceptforthemostidealisticanddedicated,therewerenoincentivestoseekchangeortopracticeself-restraintorfrugality.（除了那些最理想主義、最執(zhí)著的人，他們沒有尋求改變的動力，也沒有自我約束或節(jié)儉的動力。）”從而得出本題答案。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)信息題。信息點定位到原文第一、二段。選項E與原文第二句所給信息不符，“Theseincludebetteraccesstohealthcare（particularlyforthepoorandminorities）,improvementsinphysicalplants,andincreasednumbersofphysiciansandotherhealthpersonnel.（這些措施包括更好地獲得衛(wèi)生保健（特別是對窮人和少數(shù)民族），改善物理植物，增加醫(yī)生和其他衛(wèi)生人員的數(shù)量。）”從而得出本題答案。

3.

觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文，可以感受到作者行文態(tài)度十分客觀，運用客觀事實表達自己的觀點，且對出現(xiàn)的問題十分在意。從而得出本題答案。

4.

細(xì)節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pessimism，將信息點定位到原文第三段第一句?！癥et,inpart,thispessimismderivesfromexpectingtoomuchofhealthcare.（然而，這種悲觀情緒在一定程度上源于對醫(yī)療保健的過高期望。）”從而得出本題答案。

5.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞prepaidplans，將信息點定位到第三段第七句?！癗orisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.（澤基金會（KaiserFoundation）和普吉特灣（PugetSound）的預(yù)付團體實踐計劃（grouppracticeplans）表明，并非所有的嘗試都是徒勞的。）”根據(jù)句子前半句可得出本題答案。

6.

細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原題信息“HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain”，可將信息點定位到原文第三段第五句。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.（此外，醫(yī)學(xué)的能力是有限的。）”即可得出本題答案。

7.

主旨態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文“SinceWorldWarIIconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeintheareaofhealth-careservices（自第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來，保健服務(wù)領(lǐng)域取得了相當(dāng)大的進展）”“Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.（此外，醫(yī)學(xué)的能力是有限的。）”等信息點的描述，即可得出本題答案。

8.

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文，即可發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章首段提出問題，引出話題，緊接著第二段、第三段解釋并表達了對這一問題的看法。

9.

主旨大意題。通讀全文，即可得出作者觀點，作者檢查了一些影響醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)分配的問題并對其嚴(yán)重性進行了評估。從而得出本題答案。

11.單選題

Theenvelopearrivedwiththeoldaddress（）,andthenewonewrittenalongsideit.

問題1選項

A.leftout

B.crossedout

C.cutout

D.fallen

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。A:leftout“遺漏；忽略”；B:crossedout“勾掉，劃掉”；C:cutout“停止；裁剪”；D:fallen“倒下”。句意：信封上的舊地址劃掉了，旁邊寫著新地址。結(jié)合此處語境，B為正確答案。

12.單選題

Thenumberof500isa(n)（）numberfor498or503.

問題1選項

A.odd

B.round

C.long

D.even

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項oddnumber“奇數(shù)”；B選項roundnumber“整數(shù)”；C選項longnumber“多位數(shù)”；D選項evennumber“偶數(shù)”。題干中需知道數(shù)字500與498和503的關(guān)系，句意：500是498或503的近似百位整數(shù)。因此B選項正確。

13.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowwellhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttorulersbyancientwriters,whorelatedhowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregiventoChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.Theparableofthissemi-animal,semi-humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnatures,andthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps;andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andwhenthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist,ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbegood;butastheyarebad;andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegitimategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthemselvestobedeceived.

1.Theauthorofthepassagedoesnotbelievethat（

）.

2.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare

（

）.

3.Thefox,inthispassage,is

（

）.

4.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust

（

）.

5.Thewriterwouldapproveanunsuccessfulpoliticalcandidate（

）.

問題1選項

A.peoplecanprotectthemselves

B.thetruthmakesmenfree

C.leadershavetobeconsistent

D.princesatehuman

問題2選項

A.toiltrusting

B.strongandcareful

C.reliantonforce

D.lackinginintelligence

問題3選項

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhistrick

D.consideredworthless

問題4選項

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.tellthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

問題5選項

A.gaveupallhisopportunities

B.promisedtotryagainnexttime

C.overthrewthegovernmentbyforce

D.toldthepeoplethetruthabouthisopponent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“作者不認(rèn)為……”。文章提到有兩種方式來戰(zhàn)斗，一是法律，即文斗，一是暴力，即武斗。并且用狐貍來比喻文斗，獅子比喻武斗，而一個成功的王子必須在這兩種方法中自由切換，但是并沒有提及到“吃人”，因此選項D“王子吃人”的說法是錯誤的，符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“獅子代表的是哪類人”。文章提到“王子應(yīng)該學(xué)會像野獸一樣管理國家，要模仿狐貍和獅子，因為獅子無法避免陷阱，而狐貍無法從狼群中脫身”（Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps;andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves），獅子代表的是力量，即武斗，因此選項C“依賴武力”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“文章中狐貍是……”。文章提到管理者必須要學(xué)會文斗與武斗，狐貍代表的是文斗，可知作者對狐貍是贊賞的，因此選項A“因它的計謀而受到贊賞”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“作者暗示一個成功的統(tǒng)治者應(yīng)該……”。文章提到“當(dāng)守誠信會讓自己的利益受損時，精明的統(tǒng)治者可以不講誠信”（Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest），因此選項B“欺騙與撒謊”符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題目問的是“作者會贊成一個失敗的政治候選人……”。文章提到“當(dāng)文斗行不通的時候，人們會選擇第二種方式，即武斗”（butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond），選項C“用武力推翻政府”符合題意。

14.單選題

FrustratedwithdelaysinSacramento,BayAreaofficialssaidThursdaytheyplannedtotakemattersintotheirownhandstoregulatetheregion’sgrowingpileofelectronictrash.

ASanJosecouncilwomanandaSanFranciscosupervisorsaidtheywouldproposelocalinitiativesaimedatcontrollingelectronicwasteiftheCalifornialaw-makingbodyfailstoactontwobillsstalledintheAssembly.TheyareamongagrowingnumberofCaliforniacitiesandcountiesthathaveexpressedthesameintention.

Environmentalistsandlocalgovernmentsareincreasinglyconcernedaboutthetoxichazardposedbyoldelectronicdevicesandthecostofsafelyrecyclingthoseproducts.Anestimated6milliontelevisionsandcomputersarestockedinCaliforniahomes,andanadditional6,000to7,000computersbecomeoutdatedeveryday.Themachinescontainhighlevelsofleadandotherhazardoussubstances,andarealreadybannedfromCalifornialandfills.

LegislationbySenatorByronSherwouldrequireconsumerstopayarecyclingfeeofupto$30oneverynewmachinecontainingacathoderaytube.Usedinalmostallvideomonitorsandtelevisions,thosedevicescontainfourtoeightpoundsofleadeach.Thefeeswouldgotowardsettinguprecyclingprograms,providinggrantstonon-profitagenciesthatreusethetubesandrewardingmanufacturersthatencouragerecycling.

AseparatebillbyLosAngeles-areaSenatorGloriaRomerowouldrequirehigh-techmanufacturerstodevelopprogramstorecycleso-callede-waste.

Ifpassed,themeasureswouldputCaliforniaattheforefrontofnationaleffortstomanagetherefuseoftheelectronicage.

Buthigh-techgroups,includingtheSiliconValleyManufacturingGroupandtheAmericanElectronicsAssociation,opposethemeasures,arguingthatfeesofupto$30willdriveconsumerstoonline,out-of-stateretailers.

“Whatreallyneedstooccurisconsumereducation.Mostconsumersareunawarethey’renotsupposedtothrowcomputersinthetrash,”saidRoxanneGould,vicepresidentofgovernmentrelationsfortheelectronicsassociation.

Computerrecyclingshouldbealocaleffortandpartofresidentialwastecollectionprograms,sheadded.

Recyclingelectronicwasteisadangerousandspecializedmatter,andenvironmentalistsmaintainthestatemustsupportrecyclingeffortsandensurethatthejobisn’tcontractedtounscrupulousjunkdealerswhosendthetoxicpartsoverseas.

“Thegraveyardofthehigh-techrevolutionisendingupinruralChina,”saidTedSmith,directoroftheSiliconValleyToxicsCoalition.HisgroupispushingforanamendmenttoSher’sbillthatwouldpreventtheexportofe-waste.

1.WhatstepwereBayAreaofficialsgoingtotakeregardinge-wastedisposal?

2.ThetwobillsstalledintheCaliforniaAssemblybothconcern____.

3.Consumersarenotsupposedtothrowusedcomputersinthetrashbecause____.

4.High-techgroupsbelievethatifanextra$30ischargedoneveryTVorcomputerpurchasedinCalifornia,consumerswill____.

5.WelearnfromthepassagethatmuchofCalifornia’selectronicwastehasbeen____.

問題1選項

A.Exertpressureonmanufacturersofelectronicdevices.

B.Laydownrelevantlocalregulationsthemselves.

C.LobbythelawmakersoftheCaliforniaAssembly.

D.Rallysupporttopassthestalledbills.

問題2選項

A.regulationsondumpinghazardoussubstancesintolandfills

B.thesaleofusedelectronicdevicestoforeigncountries

C.thefundingoflocalinitiativestoreuseelectronictrash

D.thereprocessingofthehugeamountsofelectronicwasteinthestate

問題3選項

A.theycontainlargeamountsofharmfulsubstances

B.thisisbannedbytheCaliforniagovernment

C.somepartsmayberecycledforuseelsewhere

D.unscrupulousdealerswillretrievethemforprofit

問題4選項

A.abandononlineshopping

B.buythemfromotherstates

C.stronglyprotestagainstsuchacharge

D.hesitatetoupgradetheircomputers

問題5選項

A.collectedbynon-profitagencies

B.dumpedintolocallandfills

C.exportedtoforeigncountries

D.recycledbycomputermanufacturers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

WhatstepwereBayAreaofficialsgoingtotakeregardinge-wastedisposal?舊金山灣區(qū)的官員打算采取什么步驟處理電子垃圾？

A.Exertpressureonmanufacturersofelectronicdevices.A.對電子設(shè)備制造商施加壓力。

B.Laydownrelevantlocalregulationsthemselves.B.自行制定有關(guān)地方規(guī)章制度。

C.LobbythelawmakersoftheCaliforniaAssembly.C.游說加州議會的立法者。

D.Rallysupporttopassthestalledbills.D.爭取支持通過停滯不前的法案。

【答案】B

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“灣區(qū)官員周四表示，他們計劃自己動手來管理該地區(qū)日益增多的電子垃圾。”以及第二段“他們將提出旨在控制電子垃圾的地方倡議”由此可知他們將自行制定關(guān)于處理電子垃圾的地方制度。因此選B。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“對電子設(shè)備制造商施加壓力?！?，文章沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

C選項“游說加州議會的立法者。”，文章沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

D選項“爭取支持通過停滯不前的法案?！?，文章第二段提到“如果加州立法機構(gòu)未能就兩項在議會擱置的法案采取行動，他們將提出旨在控制電子垃圾的地方倡議?！敝皇钦f會提出地方倡議，并沒有說爭取支持通過停滯不前的法案，該選項屬于過度推斷。

2.【選項釋義】

ThetwobillsstalledintheCaliforniaAssemblybothconcern____.加州議會擱置的兩項法案都涉及____。

A.regulationsondumpinghazardoussubstancesintolandfillsA.關(guān)于向垃圾填埋場傾倒有害物質(zhì)的規(guī)定

B.thesaleofusedelectronicdevicestoforeigncountriesB.向外國出售二手電子設(shè)備

C.thefundingoflocalinitiativestoreuseelectronictrashC.為當(dāng)?shù)氐碾娮永倮糜媱澨峁┵Y金

D.thereprocessingofthehugeamountsofelectronicwasteinthestateD.對該州大量電子垃圾的再處理

【答案】D

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第四段最后一句“這些費用將用于建立回收項目，為重新利用這些管子的非盈利機構(gòu)提供資助，并獎勵鼓勵回收的制造商。”以及第五段“要求高科技制造商開發(fā)回收所謂電子垃圾的項目”由此可知，兩項法案都涉及要制造商再回收，也就是對電子垃圾的再處理。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“關(guān)于向垃圾填埋場傾倒有害物質(zhì)的規(guī)定”，兩項法案均未涉及，該選項屬于反向干擾；

B選項“向外國出售二手電子設(shè)備”，兩項法案均未涉及，該選項屬于反向干擾；

C選項“為當(dāng)?shù)氐碾娮永倮糜媱澨峁┵Y金”，參議員拜倫?謝爾的法案提到“這些費用將用于建立回收項目，為重新利用這些管子的非盈利機構(gòu)提供資助，并獎勵鼓勵回收的制造商。”但是洛杉磯地區(qū)參議員羅梅羅的法案并沒有涉及提供資金，該選項屬于以偏概全。

3.【選項釋義】

Consumersarenotsupposedtothrowusedcomputersinthetrashbecause____.消費者不應(yīng)該把用過的電腦扔進垃圾桶，因為____。

A.theycontainlargeamountsofharmfulsubstancesA.它們含有大量有害物質(zhì)

B.thisisbannedbytheCaliforniagovernment

B.這是加州政府禁止的

C.somepartsmayberecycledforuseelsewhereC.有些部件可能會被回收到其他地方使用

D.unscrupulousdealerswillretrievethemforprofitD.不擇手段的商人會為了利潤而收回它們

【答案】A

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第四段“大多數(shù)消費者并不知道他們不應(yīng)該把電腦扔進垃圾桶?！币约暗谌巍皳?jù)估計，加州家庭中儲存著600萬臺電視機和電腦，每天還有6000到7000臺電腦過時。這些機器含有高濃度的鉛和其他有害物質(zhì)，”由此可推斷，因為這些機器含有大量有害物質(zhì)所以不應(yīng)該把它們?nèi)舆M垃圾桶。因此選A。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“這是加州政府禁止的”，文中第三段提到“這些機器含有高濃度的鉛和其他有害物質(zhì)，已經(jīng)被禁止進入加州的垃圾填埋場。”由此可知加州政府禁止將它們填埋但是沒有禁止人們丟到垃圾桶，該選項屬于偷換概念；