考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京社會(huì)管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京社會(huì)管理職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

OuradvertisementsaysEnglishcompetenceisakeyrequirementofthisposition.Thenhowdoyouthinkyouarequalifiedforthis?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proficiency

B.grasp

C.efficiency

D.competition

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.proficiency精通，熟練B.grasp理解力，領(lǐng)會(huì)

C.efficiency效率D.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句中英語(yǔ)能力（Englishcompetence）是招聘的關(guān)鍵要求，該公司招人應(yīng)該是要求英語(yǔ)能力強(qiáng)，A選項(xiàng)“精通，熟練”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)grasp“理解力，領(lǐng)會(huì)”，指理解某事，原句不是指理解英語(yǔ)，而應(yīng)該是使用英語(yǔ)的能力；

C選項(xiàng)efficiency“效率”，不符合原句邏輯；

D選項(xiàng)competition“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，不符合原句邏輯。

【句意】我們的廣告上說(shuō)這個(gè)職位的關(guān)鍵要求是英語(yǔ)能力。那你認(rèn)為自己為什么能勝任這份工作呢？

2.單選題

Australiaisstrugglingtocopewiththeconsequencesofadevastatingdrought.Astheworldwarmsup,othercountriesshouldpay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.heel

B.heal

C.heed

D.head

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。選項(xiàng)中只有heed與pay相搭配，payheed表示“注意；留心”。句意：澳大利亞正在努力應(yīng)對(duì)災(zāi)難性干旱的后果。隨著世界變暖，其他國(guó)家也應(yīng)該注意。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Ifeverybodyhasarrivedthemeetingmay（

）now.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commence

B.criticize

C.comment

D.conclude

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。commence“開(kāi)始；著手”；criticize“批評(píng)；評(píng)論”；comment“發(fā)表評(píng)論”；conclude“推斷；斷定”。句意：如果每個(gè)人都到了，那會(huì)議就開(kāi)始了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Manypeople,ifnotmost,____literarytasteasanelegantaccomplishment,byacquiringwhichtheywillcompletethemselves,andmakethemselvesfinallyfitasmembersofacorrectsociety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookon

B.lookdown

C.lookin

D.lookinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析與上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)lookon“觀看；看待”；B選項(xiàng)lookdown“俯視；瞧不起”；C選項(xiàng)lookin“往里看；（~on順道拜訪）”；D選項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查；窺視”。句意：許多人，即使不是大多數(shù)，____把文學(xué)品味作為一種高雅的修養(yǎng)……根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)的是把文學(xué)品味看作一種高雅的修養(yǎng)，A選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

5.單選題

Correctideasarenot（）inthemind,butcomefromsocialpractice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.learned

B.friendly

C.imparted

D.innate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)learned“博學(xué)的，有學(xué)問(wèn)的”；B選項(xiàng)friendly“友好的，親切的”；C選項(xiàng)imparted“給予的，授予的”；D選項(xiàng)innate“先天的，固有的”，句意：正確的思想不是頭腦中固有的，而是來(lái)源于社會(huì)實(shí)踐。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.翻譯題

剪紙是中國(guó)最為流行的傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)形式之一。中國(guó)剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史，在明朝和清朝時(shí)期特別流行。形式多樣的剪紙手法可以說(shuō)是很絕妙的，但剪紙藝術(shù)之獨(dú)特、栩栩如生的美的表現(xiàn)還要靠每一個(gè)藝術(shù)家的藝術(shù)造詣。

【答案】【參考譯文】Paper-cuttingisoneofthemostpopulartraditionalfolkartformsinChina.Chinesepapercuttinghasahistoryofmorethan1,500yearsandwasparticularlypopularduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Thediverseformsofpaper-cuttingtechniquescanbedescribedaswonderful,buttheunique,lifelikebeautyoftheartofpaper-cuttingdependsontheartisticattainmentofeachartist.

7.翻譯題

Oncampus,youwillquicklydiscoverthatanimportantpartofthecultureisawillingnesstostayengagedwithproblemsandarguments,tokeeppushingforasharedvocabularyandasharedunderstanding.Youwillencounterapost-Enlightenmentsensibility,underwhichmoreandmorecornersofhumanexperiencearesusceptibletocriticalanalysisanddebate.Fewerandfewerdomainsoflifefeellikemattersofpurelypersonaltaste—chocolateorvanilla—thingsthataretruly“just,like,youropinion.”Andyouwillfindyourselfspendingmanyhours,lateatnightandearlyinthemorning,searchingforthatsharedunderstanding.Andhereyouwilldiscoveroneoftheuniversity’sgreatstrengthsasacommunity.Itdoesn’ttakemuchworktosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisprettymuchlikeyou.Butittakesrealefforttosearchforasharedunderstandingwithsomeonewhoisdifferent.Themostprofoundoptimismunderlyinghighereducationtodayisthesimultaneousrecognitionthat,ontheoneband,differencesofview,background,andperspectivearerealandimportant,and,ontheotherhand,peoplewhoholdthosedifferencescancometogetherforfouryearsonabeautifulhilltop,listentooneanotherwithtoleranceandrespect,andengage.

【答案】參考譯文：

在校園，你將很快發(fā)現(xiàn)校園文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分，那就是愿意面對(duì)問(wèn)題和爭(zhēng)論，為共享的詞匯和共享的理解而不斷努力。你們將面對(duì)后啟蒙時(shí)代的感性，在這種感性力量下，人類經(jīng)驗(yàn)中越來(lái)越多的角落容易受到批判性分析和辯論的影響。生活中越來(lái)越少的領(lǐng)域感覺(jué)像純粹個(gè)人品味的事情，例如選擇巧克力味或香草味，這些事情才是真正的“只是你的觀點(diǎn)”。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)自己會(huì)為了尋求共享的理解而花很多時(shí)間，通宵達(dá)旦。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)大學(xué)作為一個(gè)團(tuán)體的偉大力量之一。和一個(gè)與你相似的人達(dá)成共同的理解并不需很大的工夫，但是要和一個(gè)與你不同的人達(dá)成共識(shí)就不是什么容易的事了?，F(xiàn)今的高等教育最值得樂(lè)觀的一點(diǎn)是，同時(shí)意識(shí)到了這兩個(gè)方面：一是不同的看法、背景和觀點(diǎn)很重要；二是那些持有不同觀點(diǎn)的人們能相聚在一起，在一個(gè)美麗的山頂共處四年，相互容忍，相互尊重和相互影響。

8.單選題

Shemadetwocopiesofthispoemandpostedthem（）todifferentpublishers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensationally

B.simultaneously

C.strenuously

D.simply

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。sensational轟動(dòng)的、聳人聽(tīng)聞的；simultaneously同時(shí)地；strenuous緊張的，費(fèi)力的；simply簡(jiǎn)單地。由前半句“她將這首詩(shī)復(fù)印了兩份”以及后半句的“不同的出版商”可推知她同時(shí)將兩份復(fù)印件寄給了不同的出版商。故B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated______insteadofmechanically.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificially

B.automatically

C.manually

D.synthetically

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.artificially人造地，人為地B.automatically自動(dòng)地，機(jī)械地

C.manually手動(dòng)地D.synthetically綜合地，合成地

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)insteadof（而不是）可知，空格處和mechanically（機(jī)械地）是相對(duì)立的，所以要表示“人工的，手動(dòng)的”，C項(xiàng)符合。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】這艘船的發(fā)電機(jī)壞了，水泵不得不用人工而不是機(jī)械操作。

10.單選題

Teenagersarespendingmoremoneythanever.Justlastyear,31.6millionteensspent155billion,accordingtotheNorthbrook,Illinois-basedmarketresearchgroupTeenageResearchUnlimited.Muchofthatmoney,ofcourse,comesfromparents.

Shockedathowmuchmoneykidsspend?Maybeyouhaven'tcheekedthepricetagslatelyonsomeoftheyoungergeneration'smust-haves.

Tosome,suchextravagantspendingonthenotoriouslyfickleyoungmightseemoutrageous.Whydosomeparentsgivein?

Onefactorissurelythesheerpowerofmarketingthroughmassmedia.AccordingtothegroupAdbusters,teenagersareexposedtoanestimated3,000advertisementseachday.Combinetheadswithprogrammingitself,likethefashion-,music-,andskin-filledshowsonMTVandyou’vegotabarrageofmessagestellingkidswhattheyshouldowniftheywanttofitin.

"Thepressuresonparentstodayareenormous,nsaysTomVogele,asinglefatheroftwin18-year-oldgirlsinNewportBeach,Calif."Itrulybelieveitishardertodaytoraisechildrenwithoutspoilingthem,notbecauseparentsarelesscapableorlazy,butbecausesomanyforcesareworkingagainstme.’’

Manyworkingparentsprobablycompensatebyspendingmoneyontheirkids,saysTimothyMarshall,anassociateprofessorofdevelopmentalpsychologyatChristopherNewportUniversityinVirginia.Forsome,thereisprobablysomeguiltinvolvedinnotspendingenoughtimeathome.But,addsMarshall,spendingmoneyisalsooftenmoreconvenientinourfast-pacedsocietythangoingtobaseballgamesorotheractivities.

"It'seasiertosaylet’sgooutandspendsomemoney,intermsoffindingtimeinabusyscheduletospendwithkids,55Marshallsaid.

Formanyfamilies,ofcourse,keepingupwiththeirchildren'scostlydemandsfordesignerclothing,CDs,andconcertticketsisafinancialimpossibility.Evenforthosefamilieswhocanaffordsuchlavishspending,strikingacompromisebetweenspoilingthekidsanddenyingthemistricky,butpossible.

Teachingkidshowtobudgetandsaveiskey,Marshallsays.Insteadofjustgivingchildrenthetoysorclothingtheydesire,givethemanallowanceandshowthemhowtheycansaveupforwhatevertheywant,hesays.

Anddon’tbeafraidtojustsayno,Marshalladds."Weneedtostepupandtellkidswheretheboundariesare,thatispartsofourresponsibilityasparents,"hesaid.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,“Northbrook"ismostprobably（

）.

2.Somepeoplefinditoutrageousthat

（

）.

3.Whatistheeffectofmarketingthroughmassmedia?

4.AccordingtoMarshall,parentsprefertospendmoneyontheirchildrenmainlybecause

（

）.

5.WhatdoesMarshallthinkparentsshoulddowiththechildren'sspendinghabit?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amarketresearchcompanybasedinIllinois

B.aspokesmanfortheTeenageResearchUnlimited

C.thebaseoftheTeenageResearchUnlimited

D.thecitywherethespendingsurveywascarriedout

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.someparentsindulgetheirchildreninextravagantspending

B.someyoungergeneration'smust-havescouldcostsomuch

C.someparentsareignorantabouttheirchildren'sspending

D.somechildrendisregardtheirnotoriousspendinghabits

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itfillsthemarketwithadsbeyondtheyoung’sunderstanding.

B.Itdirectsnotonlythetrendbutalsothewaysofadvertising.

C.ItstuffsallkindsofadsintoTVshowsandradioprograms.

D.Ittriggersyoungpeople’sdesiretokeepupwiththetrend.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycan'taffordthetimetostaywiththeirchildren.

B.theywanttomakeuptheirguiltfortheirchildren.

C.theyfinditmoreconvenientthangoingoutwiththechildren.

D.theyfeelitishardtoraisechildrenwithoutindulgingthem

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldrefusetopayfortheirlavishspending.

B.Theyshouldrestrainthechildren'sspendingwithinlimits.

C.Theyshouldberesponsibleforprovidingforthechildren.

D.Theyshoulddrawupabudgetplanforthechildren.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句Teenagersarespendingmoremoneythanever.Justlastyear,31.6millionteensspent155billion,accordingtotheNorthbrook,Illinois-basedmarketresearchgroupTeenageResearchUnlimited提到了Northbrook，后面跟了一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明Northbrook，所以可以得知Northbrook是一個(gè)市場(chǎng)調(diào)研集團(tuán)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第三段第一句Tosome,suchextravagantspendingonthenotoriouslyfickleyoungmightseemoutrageous提到對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，年輕人在奢侈品上花太多錢讓他們無(wú)法容忍。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章第四段提到青少年受各種大眾媒體的影響很大。各種形式的廣告不斷告訴他們?nèi)绻脒m應(yīng)這個(gè)社會(huì)，就應(yīng)該擁有某些東西。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章第六段提到很多父母沒(méi)有時(shí)間陪伴孩子，因而感到愧疚（Forsome,thereisprobablysomeguiltinvolvedinnotspendingenoughtimeathome），于是，便通過(guò)多給孩子零用錢作為補(bǔ)償（Manyworkingparentsprobablycompensatebyspendingmoneyontheirkids）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到父母應(yīng)該告訴孩子如何做預(yù)算，如何節(jié)省，而不是一味地放任。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingParagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

盡管我們對(duì)“學(xué)習(xí)”的理解不盡完善，然而我們對(duì)此已有不少了解?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”可以呈現(xiàn)不同的形式，也可以在許多情況下進(jìn)行。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，“學(xué)習(xí)”必然會(huì)引起行為的變化?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”導(dǎo)致人們行為發(fā)生變化吋，這種變化常能持久?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”也許意味著對(duì)一系列細(xì)小而不相關(guān)的行為按新的順序重新排列。就好比你在鋼琴上學(xué)習(xí)一首新的曲子。

【答案】

Althoughourunderstandingoflearningisstillnotcomplete,agreatdealisknown.Learninghasmanydifferentformsandtakesplaceundermanyconditions.Ingeneral,itinvolvesachangeinbehavior.Whenachangeinbehaviortakesplaceasaresultoflearning,thechangeisusuallyalong-lastingone.Learningmaymeanthatanumberofsmallindependentactsarearrangedinaneworder.Thishappens,forexample,whenyoulearntoplayanewpieceonthepiano.

12.單選題

______shouldanymoneybegiventoasmallchild.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Onnoaccount

B.Fromallaccount

C.Ofnoaccount

D.Byallaccount

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配的用法。A項(xiàng)onnoaccount“決不”，放在句首作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，主謂應(yīng)該倒裝；B項(xiàng)fromallaccount“根據(jù)各方面所說(shuō)”；C項(xiàng)ofnoaccount“不重要的、沒(méi)有價(jià)值的”，在句中通常作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)byallaccount“據(jù)大家所說(shuō)”；句意：絕不能給小孩錢。因此該題A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thisbookisdividedintofivesections.Eachsection（

）adifferentaspectoftheproblem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dealswith

B.copeswith

C.solves

D.handles

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。dealwith“處理，涉及”；copewith“處理，應(yīng)付”；solve“解決，解答”；handle“處理”。句意：這本書(shū)分為五個(gè)部分，每個(gè)部分都涉及問(wèn)題的不同方面。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Mr.Smithaskedhissecretaryto（）anewparagraphintheannualreportshewastyping.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invade

B.install

C.insert

D.inject

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。invade侵入；install安裝；insert插入,鑲?cè)?；inject注射。句意：Mr.Smith要求他的秘書(shū)在她正在打的年度報(bào)告中插入一段。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

15.單選題

Atfirsteverythingwentwellwiththeprojectbutrecentlywehavehadanumberof（）withthemachinery.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbances

B.setbacks

C.outputs

D.distortions

【答案】B

【解析】句意:起初，項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展一切順利，但最近我們?cè)跈C(jī)械設(shè)備方面遇到了一些問(wèn)題。

考查名詞辨析。disturbance干擾；煩悶；侵犯（權(quán)利），擾亂（治安）；setback挫折，推遲；使花費(fèi);output產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)品;輸出，輸出功率;distortion歪扭，扭曲；（信號(hào)、波形等的）失真；曲解。該句中有個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，因此前后為轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.單選題

TherewasonethingthatshockedmeabouttheQueenwhenhewalkedintotheroomwithMrs.Obama,namelyherheight;theBritishmonarchisonly163cmtall,muchshorterthanIhadimagined.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shockedmeabout

B.whenhewalkedintothe

C.namely

D.hadimagined.

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】B

【解析】人稱代詞誤用。he改為she。句中queen（女王）指的是女性。

17.單選題

______dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能倒裝；whatever后面常跟名詞；as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：形容詞/副詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞+as+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)；however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，后面跟形容詞或副詞。句意：不管他有多遲鈍，他無(wú)疑是一位非常成功的高管。

18.單選題

Astherewasnoroad,thetravelers（）uparockyslopeontheirwayback.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ran

B.hurried

C.scrambled

D.crawled

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均與up搭配，分別是run、hurry、scramble、crawl的過(guò)去式。A選項(xiàng)ranup“匆匆制成；積欠；迅速積累；向上跑”；B選項(xiàng)hurriedup“（使）趕快”；C選項(xiàng)scrambledup“攀爬；巴結(jié)；攪混起來(lái)”；D選項(xiàng)crawlup“爬上；爬到”。由本句關(guān)鍵詞“arockyslope”（巖石邊坡）可知，旅行者們需要攀爬邊坡，才能返回，所以攀爬的意思在此處符合題意。句意：因?yàn)闆](méi)有路，旅行者們?cè)诜祷氐穆飞吓逝懒艘粋€(gè)巖石斜坡。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Anexplanationofanearthquakeisadescriptionofthechainof（

）thatproducesit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.causality

B.margin

C.persistence

D.purpose

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:地震的解釋就是對(duì)造成地震因果關(guān)系鏈的描述。

causality因果關(guān)系。margin邊緣；利潤(rùn)。persistence持續(xù)；固執(zhí)；存留。purpose目的，意圖。

20.單選題

Fingerprints,oneofthegreatdecidersofinnocenceorguiltincriminalcharges,arenowinthedockthemselves.Thisisbecauseofagrowingnumberofclaimsfromdefendantsthattheirprintshavebeen‘‘lifted’’andplantedatscenesofcrimes.Andtheseallegationsarebeingtakenseriouslybylawyers,judgesandpolicemenbecauseitispossibletomoveafingerprintfromonespotandplaceitelsewhere.

Withoneofthecornerstonesofevidencenowbeingplacedindoubtacommitteeofcriminallawyersiscarryingoutaninquiryintofingerprinting.TheinvestigationhasbeenorderedbyJustice,theprestigiouslegalorganization,andareportisdueearlynextyear.LastnightaspokesmanforJusticesaid:“Thereareanincreasingnumberofcaseswherepeopleareclaimingtheirprintshavebeentransferredandputonincriminatingobjects.Wearenotaimingtoestablishiftheseallegationsaretrueornot,butwearequestioningcurrentfingerprintingmethodsaspartofageneralinvestigationintoscientificevidence.SomeofBritain’stopcriminallawyersareworriedaboutthisincreasingnumberofclaims.”

Howcanafingerprintbetransferred?Afingermarkleftonagreasyglassorsomeothersmoothsurfacecanbe“l(fā)ifted”withastripofadhesive.Itcanthenbedepositedonanother,perhapsincriminatingobject.Accusationsabout"plantedprints"werefirstputupatanoldBailegIRAbombtrialnineyearsagowithoutsuccess.Fingerprintsatthesceneofacrimeusedtobedusteddownwithfinepowder,photographedforidentificationpurposes,thenthepicturesandobjectscarryingtheprintswereproducedincourt.

However,since1973anewmethodoftakingprintshasbeengenerallyusedinBritain.Policeexpertsnowuseastripofadhesivetapetoliftaprintwhichisthenproducedincourtasevidence.Before1973theobjectonwhichtheprintswerefoundalittledaggeroragun—usedtobeshownincourtaswell.Thisisnolongernecessary.Asaresultcriminalsareclaimingthattheirprintshavebeen"lifted"andplantedelsewhere.Accordingtoex-chiefSuperintendentSquires,liftingamarkandtransferringittoanotherobject“requiresgreatskillandtrouble.”Headded:“It'salmostimpossiblebutitcanbedone.Itcanusuallybeeasilydetectedbysomeonelikeme.butthereisachancethatevenImaynotbeabletotell.”

1.Fingerprintshavetraditionallybeenregardedas（

）.

2.Theinvestigationintofingerprintingis

（

）.

3.Thepassagesuggeststhat

（

）.

4.Since1973,（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theonlyproofofasuspectedcriminal'sinnocenceorguilt

B.oneofmanyproofsofasuspectedcriminal'sinnocenceorguilt

C.noproofofasuspectedcriminal'sinnocenceorguilt

D.akeyproofofasuspectedcriminal'sinnocenceorguilt

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.toprovethatpolicemenhavebeenbehavingdishonestly

B.toestablishthetruthoftheallegations

C.partofawiderinvestigation

D.toallaythefearsofsometopcriminallawyers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.someoftheallegationsagainstfingerprinting'arejustified

B.transferringfingerprintsistoomuchtroubleformostpolicemen

C.transferringfingerprintsisaverydelicateoperation

D.itislikelythatsomepolicementransferfingerprints

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.fingerprintsatthesceneofacrimehavebeendusteddownwithfinepowderandphotographed.

B.ithasbeennecessarytoproduceincourttheobjectsonwhichtheprintswerefound

C.therehavebeensuccessfulclaimsagainstpolicefingerprintingmethodsintheUnitedStatesandGreatBritain.

D.policefingerprintingmethodshavebeensimplified

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Fingerprints,oneofthegreatdecidersofinnocenceorguiltincriminalcharges,arenowinthedockthemselves.在刑事指控中，指紋，曾經(jīng)是刑事起訴中判斷一個(gè)人是否有罪的決定性因素之一，而現(xiàn)在它卻成為了眾矢之的?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Wearenotaimingtoestablishiftheseallegationsaretrueornot,butwearequestioningcurrentfingerprintingmethodsaspartofageneralinvestigationintoscientificevidence.我們的目的不是確定這些辯解是否正確，而是質(zhì)疑目前的指紋識(shí)別方法作為對(duì)科學(xué)證據(jù)普遍調(diào)查研究的一部分是否合理?！庇纱丝芍?，對(duì)指紋的調(diào)查是廣泛調(diào)查的一部分，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Accordingtoex-chiefSuperintendentSquires,liftingamarkandtransferringittoanotherobject‘requiresgreatskillandtrouble.’據(jù)前總警司Squires說(shuō)，采集指紋并把它轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)物體上‘需要高超的技巧并且很麻煩’?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)：轉(zhuǎn)移指紋是一項(xiàng)非常精細(xì)的工作。其他選項(xiàng)均不正確，只有選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵時(shí)間點(diǎn)“1973”定位到最后一段第一句“since1973anewmethodoftakingprintshasbeengenerallyusedinBritain.Policeexpertsnowuseastripofadhesivetapetoliftaprintwhichisthenproducedincourtasevidence.自1973年以來(lái)，英國(guó)普遍采用一種新的采集指紋的方法。警方專家現(xiàn)在使用一條膠帶來(lái)揭下指紋，然后在法庭上出示作為證據(jù)?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文的描述，在此之前在法庭上出示指紋需要帶上沾有指紋的物品，比如一把小匕首或一把槍，而新的方法只需要一條膠帶就能揭下指紋，說(shuō)明取指紋的方法簡(jiǎn)化了，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

21.單選題

Theroof（

）undertheweightofthesnow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fell

B.submerged

C.collapsed

D.descended

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。fall“跌下，掉落”；submerge“淹沒(méi)，沉浸”；collapse“倒塌”；descend“下降，下去”。句意：在大雪的壓迫下，房頂坍塌了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

22.單選題

Nowordswill（）toconveymygrief.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.serve

B.supply

C.suffice

D.support

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)serve“招待，供應(yīng)，為……服務(wù)”；B選項(xiàng)supply“供給，提供，補(bǔ)充”；C選項(xiàng)suffice“使?jié)M足，足夠，有能力”，sufficeto“足以”，例如：Oneexamplewillsufficetoillustratethepoint.舉一個(gè)例子就足以說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)，D選項(xiàng)support“支持，幫助，支撐”，句意：沒(méi)有言語(yǔ)能夠表達(dá)我的悲傷。由選項(xiàng)意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

23.單選題

Thepartsofthemachinewhichexperiencealotoffrictionhavetobemadefrom（）materials.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sufferable

B.bearable

C.durable

D.enumerable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sufferable“可忍耐的，可容忍的”；bearable“可忍受的，支持得住的”；durable“耐用的，持久的”；enumerable“可列舉的，可點(diǎn)數(shù)的”。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)大量摩擦的機(jī)器零部件必須使用耐用的材料。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

24.翻譯題

1.Themanwhoselifeiscenteredaroundproducing,sellingandconsumingcommoditiestransformshimselfintoacommodity.Hebecomesincreasinglyattractedtothatwhichisman-madeandmechanical,ratherthantothatwhichisnaturalandorganic.Manymentodayaremoreinterestedinsportscarsthaninwomen;ortheyexperiencewomenasacarwhichonecancausetoracebypushingtherightbutton.2.Altogethertheyexpecthappinessisamatteroffindingtherightbutton,nottheresultofaproductive,richlife,alifewhichrequiresmakinganeffortandtakingrisks.Intheirsearchforthebutton,somegotothepsychoanalyst,somegotochurchandsomeread“self-help”books.Butwhileitisimpossibletofindthebuttonforhappiness,themajorityaresatisfiedwithpushingthebuttonsofcameras,radios,televisionsets,andwatchingsciencefictionbecomingreality.

Oneofthestrangestaspectsoftheirapproachtolifeisthewidespreadlackofconcernaboutthedangeroftotaldestructionbynuclearweapons?Apossibilitypeopleareconsciouslyawareof.3.Theexplanation,Ibelieve,isthattheyaresofrightenedofthepossibilityoftheirpersonalfailureandhumiliationthattheiranxietyaboutpersonalmatterspreventthemfromfeelinganxietyaboutthepossibilitythateverybodyandeverythingmaybedestroyed.Perhapstotaldestructionisevenmoreattractivethantotalinsecurityandnever-endingpersonalanxiety.

AmIsuggestingthatmodernmanisdoomedandthatweshouldreturntothepre-industrialmodeofproductionortonineteenthcentury“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.4.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandthefulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofloveandofreason—aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】1.以生產(chǎn)、銷售、消費(fèi)商品為中心的男人把自己也轉(zhuǎn)化為一種商品了。他對(duì)人造的、機(jī)械的東西越來(lái)越感興趣，對(duì)天然的、有機(jī)的東西卻無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。如今，許多男人對(duì)跑車的癡迷超過(guò)了對(duì)女人的癡迷，或者把女人當(dāng)作只要按對(duì)按鈕就會(huì)奔馳的汽車。

2.總而言之，他們認(rèn)為幸福是個(gè)找對(duì)按鈕的問(wèn)題，而不是源自碩果累累、豐富多彩、需要付出努力和承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的生活。在尋找按鈕的過(guò)程中，有些人去找心理分析學(xué)家；有些人去做禮拜；還有一些人去讀“自助”書(shū)籍。不過(guò)他們雖然找不到賜予幸福的按鈕，但大多數(shù)人滿足于按收音機(jī)、電視機(jī)和照相機(jī)的按鈕，滿足于看著科幻小說(shuō)變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。

3.我認(rèn)為，可以這樣解釋：他們非常擔(dān)心會(huì)遭遇個(gè)人的失敗并蒙受羞辱。由于他們對(duì)個(gè)人問(wèn)題感到憂慮，這就妨礙他們對(duì)所有的人和所有的東西可能會(huì)遭到毀滅感到憂慮。也許徹底的毀滅比十分的不安和個(gè)人永無(wú)休止的憂慮更有吸引力。

4.想通過(guò)倒退到人們已經(jīng)走過(guò)的階段來(lái)解決問(wèn)題是永遠(yuǎn)行不通的。我建議改造我們的社會(huì)制度，將其從一個(gè)官僚機(jī)構(gòu)管理下的工業(yè)化社會(huì)體制轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)人本主義的工業(yè)化社會(huì)體制。在前一種體制中，最高產(chǎn)量和最高消費(fèi)為主要目的；在后一種體制中，一切社會(huì)活動(dòng)的目的都是為了人，為了使人的各種潛力——愛(ài)的潛力和運(yùn)用理性的潛力——獲得充分的發(fā)展。

25.翻譯題

1.科學(xué)研究的方法不過(guò)是人類思維活動(dòng)的必要表達(dá)方式，也就是對(duì)一切現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行思索并給以精確而嚴(yán)肅解釋的表達(dá)方式。（3）

2.按照Sveiby的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，既然知識(shí)是個(gè)無(wú)形的關(guān)鍵資產(chǎn)，將知識(shí)從一個(gè)員工傳遞給另一個(gè)員工，或者從外部資源傳遞給員工的能力就是企業(yè)的一個(gè)重要能力。（4）

3.就像因事故而堵在晚間高峰路上發(fā)怒的司機(jī)一樣，如果網(wǎng)頁(yè)打開(kāi)很慢或者不能很快進(jìn)入網(wǎng)頁(yè)時(shí)，上網(wǎng)的人就會(huì)坐立不安。（4）

4.正是這個(gè)信息系統(tǒng)影響著人們醫(yī)療保健的范圍和質(zhì)量，它使社會(huì)服務(wù)更加公正，它提高了個(gè)人的舒適度，為安全和自由行動(dòng)采取更多的措施。（4）

【答案】1.Themethodofscientificresearchisnothingmorethananecessaryexpressionoftheactivityofthehumanmind,thatis,anexpressionthatcontemplatesandgivesapreciseandseriousexplanationofallphenomena.

2.FromSveiby’spointofview,sinceknowledgeisakeyintangibleasset,theabilitytotransferknowledgefromoneemployeetoanother,orfromexternalresourcestoemployees,isanimportantcapabilityofanenterprise.

3.Likeadriverstuckinanaccidentandfumingontheeveningrushhourroad,peoplewhosurftheInternetcangetfidgetyifthepageopensslowlyortheycan’tgettoitquicklyenough.

4.Itisthisinformationsystemthatinfluencesthescopeandqualityofpeople’shealthcare,itmakessocialservicesmorejust,itincreasesthecomfortofindividualsandtakesmoremeasuresforsafetyandfreemovement.

26.單選題

TheChinese,whobegansystematicastronomicalandweatherobservationsshortlyaftertheancientEgyptians,wereassiduousrecord-keepers,andbecauseofthis,canclaimhumanity’slongestcontinuous（

）ofnaturalevents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defiance

B.documentation

C.maintenance

D.domination

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“挑釁，蔑視”；B選項(xiàng)“文件編制，文檔”；C選項(xiàng)“維持，保養(yǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)“支配，統(tǒng)治”；根據(jù)句意‘繼古埃及人之后旋即展開(kāi)了有系統(tǒng)的天文與氣候觀察的中國(guó)人可謂是勤勉不輟的文獻(xiàn)記錄者，并且基于這一原因，中國(guó)人可聲稱擁有人類歷史上對(duì)自然事件最悠久連續(xù)的文獻(xiàn)記載?！_定B選項(xiàng)正確。

27.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

1.兩千余年來(lái)，絲綢之路作為中西交通的大動(dòng)脈承載著中國(guó)與世界的交往、對(duì)話，彰顯著古代中國(guó)開(kāi)放的文化品格、不朽的文明成果。今天，“絲綢之路”一詞早已超越其歷史含義，成為一種精神象征，為當(dāng)今世界的和平與發(fā)展提供了價(jià)值典范。

2.談到美國(guó)文學(xué)時(shí)，不能斷言它與歐洲文學(xué)截然不同。廣義上說(shuō)，美國(guó)和歐洲齊頭并進(jìn)。在任何時(shí)間，旅行者都會(huì)在兩地發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣風(fēng)格的建筑、相同式樣的服裝，書(shū)店出售相同的書(shū)籍。思想如同人和商品一樣會(huì)自由自在地跨越大西洋，盡管有時(shí)速度慢些。

3.當(dāng)人類逐漸了解自然，開(kāi)始向自然索取并慢慢發(fā)展到企圖征服自然，并愈演愈烈時(shí)，自然的和諧與平衡便遭到毀壞。荒漠化的地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了，災(zāi)難性的洪水來(lái)臨了，連空氣和水質(zhì)也常受到污染，人類賴以生存的環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)受到了破壞。

【答案】1.TheSilkRoad,asthetrafficarteryconnectingChinaandtheWest,hasbornetheweightofdialogueandcommunicationbetweenChinaandtheworld,andhasalsodemonstratedanopenculturalcharacterofancientChinaandimmortalcivilizationforovertwothousandyears.Nowadaysthewordofthe“SilkRoad”hasalreadyexceededitshistoricalmeaning,andbecomeaspiritualsymbol,providingamodelofvalueforthepeaceanddevelopmentofthepresentworld.

2.TospeakofAmericanliteraturewecan’tassertthatitisentirelydifferentfromEuropeanliterature.Broadlyspeaking,AmericaandEuropehaveadvancedsidebyside.Atanytime,thetravelercouldfindthesamestylesinarchitecture,thesamepatternsindress,thesamebooksonthebookshopsintwodifferentplaces.ThoughtscanspantheAtlanticOceanasfreelyasmenandcommodities,althoughsometimesthespeedisslow.

3.Humanbeingsbegantoaskforsomethingfromnatureandeventriedtoconqueritastheyknewmoreandmoreaboutit.Asthesituationintensified,theharmonyandequilibriumofnaturewererudelydemolished.Therehavebeendesertifiedzoneandcatastrophicflood.Evenairandwaterwereoftenpolluted.Theenvironmentwhichwedependonforalivingwasdeteriorated.

28.單選題

Theygathered（）informationbeforedesigningthemeasuringequipment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreatmany

B.vastamountsof

C.alargenumberof

D.anumberof

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析。Agreatmany,alargenumberof和anumberof后都接可數(shù)名詞，information為不可數(shù)名詞，所以選用vastamountof，句意：他們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)測(cè)量設(shè)備之前收集了大量的信息。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

29.單選題

Architecture,then,isanart,andanyartmustgiveuspleasure,orelseitisbadart,orweareabnormallyblind;weareingeneraltoohardenedand（1）toarchitectureasanart,andtothejoyitmaybringus.It'stheconstantnearness

（2）

architectureduringourentireconsciousexistencethathas

（3）

usinthisway.Weforgetthatitisanartofhereand

（4）

,becauseitiswithuseveryday,and

（5）

wemusthavehousestolivein,weareapttothinkofthem

（6）

asabidingplaces.Thereforewethinkofarchitecture

（7）

somevague,learnedthinghavingtodowithFrenchcathedralsorItalianpalacesorGreektemples,（8）

withNewYorkorChicagostreetsorLosAngelessuburbs.Thisfalsedoctrinehasstrengthenedinusuntiloureyesare

（9）

andourmindsaredeafenedtoallthebeautythatisbeingcreatedaroundustoday,andthenweloseallthefinedeeppleasurethatwemight

（10）experiencefromourordinarysurroundings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.uninterested

B.unrelated

C.indifferent

D.insensitive

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.of

C.in

D.from

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.folded

B.blinded

C.sharpened

D.weakened

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.now

B.then

C.there

D.after

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thus

B.therefore

C.that

D.because

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.solely

B.really

C.practically

D.invariably

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.like

C.as

D.for

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.but

C.together

D.not

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.closed

B.dusted

C.blinded

D.dulled

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.otherwise

B.orelse

C.probably

D.alternately

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:A

【解析】第1題:1.D考查形容詞辨析。uninterested不感興趣的；unrelated無(wú)關(guān)的；indifferent冷漠的；insensitive麻木的，無(wú)感覺(jué)的；由hardened冷酷的可知空格處所填單詞意思應(yīng)與其差不多。故D項(xiàng)正確。答案D

第2題:考查介詞辨析。architecture后面的部分做constantnearness的后置定語(yǔ)，故用介詞of修飾，此處意為人們認(rèn)為建筑物總是在那里。答案B

第3題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由orweareabnormallyblind可知此處B項(xiàng)正確。正是因?yàn)槿藗兊倪@種觀點(diǎn)“建筑物總是在那里”使人們對(duì)建筑物有了誤解。fold折疊；sharpen削尖，磨快；weaken減少，使變?nèi)?。答案B

第4題:考查固定搭配。hereandnow此時(shí)此刻；hereandthere各處；到處。由“becauseitiswithuseveryday建筑物每天都與我們?cè)谝黄稹笨赏浦八晕覀兞?xí)慣認(rèn)為建筑物到處都是，而忘記了建筑物是此時(shí)此刻的藝術(shù)”故hereandnow符合題意。

第5題:考查連詞辨析。由and可知空格處所填單詞與前面的because并列，也是表示原因，故D項(xiàng)正確。再由空格后面的“weareaptto…”也可推斷此空表示一種原因，引出后面的結(jié)果。答案D

第6題:A考查副詞辨析。really實(shí)際上；practically實(shí)際地；invariably總是，不變地。由上文提到的“我們忘記了將建筑物看作是此時(shí)此刻的藝術(shù)”可知此處意為我們僅僅將房子認(rèn)為是不變的地方，A項(xiàng)符合題意。

第7題:考查固