考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theyhavehadagoodharvestforthreeyearsin______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.line

B.end

C.row

D.succession

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)line“線”，inline表示“協(xié)調(diào)，有秩序”；B項(xiàng)end“結(jié)束，末尾”；C項(xiàng)row“行，排”，inrow表示“行內(nèi)的，在行內(nèi)”；D項(xiàng)succession“連續(xù)，繼位”，insuccession表示“接連地，連續(xù)地”。根據(jù)前面的句子Theyhavehadagoodharvestforthreeyears“他們已經(jīng)有三年的大豐收了”可知，D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：他們連續(xù)三年獲得了大豐收。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intelligible

B.obscure

C.dim

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：很少有人能理解他的演說(shuō)，內(nèi)容太

。

intelligible可理解的，明白易懂的；obscure晦澀的，昏暗的；dim暗淡的，模糊的；conspicuous顯著的，出眾的。句子前半句說(shuō)“很少有人能理解他的演說(shuō)”，由此推斷，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

3.單選題

Notonly（

）todeterminethedepthoftheoceanfloor,butitisalsousedtolocateoil.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.touseseismology

B.isseismologyused

C.tohavestarted

D.usingseismology

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。notonly位于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即將系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前，放在主語(yǔ)前。

句意：地震學(xué)不僅用來(lái)確定海底的深度，而且還被用來(lái)定位石油。

4.單選題

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe“CaroftheFuture”.Theyfeaturedunconventionalstylingandthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yet,frankly,mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.Itwillstillgoandstop,butitmaynotburngasoline.Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.

Airbagsaren’tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions（碰撞）,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren’tgoingaway,andinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimize（使減少到最低限度）injuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace.Futurecarsmaybeabletoeliminatemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,tailgatingandsleepiness.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Manyaccidentsarecausedbypeoplefollowingthecarinfronttooclosely.Asearlyasnextyear,you’llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou’reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle.Forcitystreets,expectotherradardevicesthatwillgiveadvancewarningthatthecarinfrontofyouhasslowedsuddenlyandyoushouldsteponthebrakes—orthatmayevenbrakeforyou.

Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon’tbetechnicallypossible,andMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars,butsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe（安全的）systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisabled.

1.Theauthorwasfascinatedbycarsbecause_____.

2.Bysay“mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo”(Line-5-6,para.1),theauthormeansthat.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?

4.Whatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver’ssystem?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.othersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirown,too

B.hereadexoticthingsaboutcarsinhisbrother’smagazines

C.hisoldestbrotherlovedtotakehimtoplacesinhiscar

D.hesubscribedtocoolcarmagazines

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.mycarisfarbetterthanmybrother’swas

B.mycarisnotasgoodasmybrother’swas

C.notmuchhaschangedintheperformanceofcarssofar

D.muchimprovementhasbeenmadeinthedesignofcarsrecently

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareinneedoffurtherimprovement.

B.Theyaregoingtodisappeargradually.

C.Theykillpeopleinsteadofprotectingtheminlow-speedcollisions.

D.TheyareastandardfeatureofEuropeancars.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywillgiveawarninginadvance.

B.Theywillbrakeautomatically.

C.Theywilleaseuponthrottle.

D.Theywillnotstart.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewillgiveupallcontroltotheircars.

B.Carswillbeabletodrivethemselves.

C.Nocarswilleverbreakdownontheroads.

D.Carswillallbeequippedwithfailsafesystems.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.”和許多其他小男孩一樣，我對(duì)汽車很著迷，尤其是因?yàn)槲业母绺缡莻€(gè)汽車迷，訂閱了《汽車與司機(jī)》和《汽車趨勢(shì)》等很酷的雜志。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“和其他男孩一樣想擁有自己的車”和原文不符，作者只是說(shuō)自己和其他男孩一樣對(duì)汽車著迷；選項(xiàng)B“作者在哥哥的雜志上讀到有關(guān)汽車的新奇事物”符合原文；選項(xiàng)C在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D是作者哥哥訂閱的雜志而不是他自己，所以錯(cuò)誤。

第2題:語(yǔ)義題。這句話的意思是“我的車不能做任何我哥哥的車所不能做的事”。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容“Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon'tsteeritcarefully.”它前進(jìn)，它停止，它燃燒汽油，它播放音樂(lè)。我仍然需要操縱它，如果我不小心操縱，它仍然會(huì)撞到東西。以及第二段首句“Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.”但你猜怎么著？所有這些都可能在不久的將來(lái)發(fā)生變化。也就是說(shuō)，到目前為止，汽車的性能并沒(méi)有發(fā)生改變，它還是需要人來(lái)操控。所以選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.”考慮到最近的新聞，安全氣囊在低速碰撞中偶爾會(huì)使人喪生，顯然安全氣囊仍然需要一些改進(jìn)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。選項(xiàng)B與原文“Buttheyaren’tgoingaway.”不符；根據(jù)第二句中的關(guān)鍵詞“occasionally”可知，選項(xiàng)C表述太絕對(duì)；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“alcohol”定位到倒數(shù)第四段“Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.”例如，汽車可以配備傳感器，檢測(cè)駕駛員身體中的酒精含量，從而防止汽車啟動(dòng)。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“它們不會(huì)啟動(dòng)”正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon'tbetechnicallypossible...”汽車最終能自動(dòng)駕駛嗎？沒(méi)有理由認(rèn)為這在技術(shù)上是不可能的。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars.”沒(méi)有人真的希望人們完全放棄對(duì)汽車的控制，所以選項(xiàng)A不正確；選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

5.單選題

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多，儲(chǔ)存隨著增多，與B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)表述相反；C、D選項(xiàng)在第一段中雖有提及，但都只是一筆帶過(guò)，因此A選項(xiàng)“石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.（然而，即使石油沖擊是真正的危險(xiǎn)，建造核反應(yīng)堆并不是避免它的好方法）可知選C。

第3題:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知與A選項(xiàng)相符（雖然不是一種好的方法，但也屬于一種方法）；第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B選項(xiàng)相符；第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower與D選項(xiàng)相符。通過(guò)排除法，選C，只有C選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有在文章中提及。

第4題:詞義題。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults（在大氣中放太多的碳，你可能最終會(huì)……可能會(huì)造成災(zāi)難性的后果）的句意，可知A選項(xiàng)“地球變得越來(lái)越暖，好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料點(diǎn)燃”最為恰當(dāng)。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講了石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用；第二段主要講了石油的重要性及影響，提出了建造核反應(yīng)堆應(yīng)對(duì)石油危機(jī)的想法，因此排除A；第三段主要講了減少擁堵和污染的方法，以及更便宜的核能替代品；最后一段主要講了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化最好的方式是向天然氣轉(zhuǎn)變，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.翻譯題

Thereisnothingwrong,ofcourse,withacountry’squestioningitsdirectionandwantingtopreservemanyofitstraditionalvalues.Moreover,Japanisn’tlikelytoreverttothecollusive(詭秘的)andanticompetitivepoliciesofthepast.Thereformprocesshasgonetoofar,andcorporatebehaviorhaschangedtoodramatically.Butgiventhemagnitude(巨大)ofthefiscalandfinancialchallengesahead,evenaslightslowingofthegovernment’sderegulatoryeffortsandprivate-sectorrestructuringcouldcreateaneventualdisaster.Now’snotthetimeforJapantorestonitslaurels.

【答案】【參考譯文】當(dāng)然，一個(gè)國(guó)家質(zhì)疑自己的方向，并希望保留許多傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀，這并沒(méi)有錯(cuò)。此外，日本不太可能恢復(fù)到共謀的(詭秘的)和反競(jìng)爭(zhēng)政策的過(guò)去。改革進(jìn)程走得太遠(yuǎn)，企業(yè)行為發(fā)生了太大變化。但是考慮到大小(巨大)的財(cái)政和金融挑戰(zhàn)，甚至略有放緩政府放松管制的努力和私營(yíng)部門的重組可以創(chuàng)建最終的災(zāi)難?，F(xiàn)在不是日本安于現(xiàn)狀的時(shí)候。

7.填空題

Contractionoffrontandsidepartsofthebrain—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirty,butitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixty—andseventy-year-olds.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Cthirty改為thirties

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定表達(dá)。

【解題思路】inone’sthirties意思為“在某人三十多歲時(shí)”，這里指的年齡是概數(shù)。

【句意】有的人大腦前部和側(cè)部的收縮——隨著細(xì)胞的死亡——在三十多歲時(shí)就能被觀察到了，但是也有些人直到六七十歲依然不明顯。

8.單選題

Ihopethatourmanagerwill______theproblemsattheirroots.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trickle

B.tackle

C.shackle

D.cope

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)trickle“滴，細(xì)細(xì)地流”，B項(xiàng)tackle“處理（難題或局面）”，C項(xiàng)shackle“束縛”，D項(xiàng)cope“處理，對(duì)付”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞manager“經(jīng)理”和problem“問(wèn)題”可知，空白部分填入“處理”符合句意，A、C選項(xiàng)可排除；D選項(xiàng)是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語(yǔ)需要用介詞with，所以只有B項(xiàng)符合題干。句意：我希望我們的經(jīng)理能從根本上解決這些問(wèn)題。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Itisverykindofyoutooffer,butanymorepuddingwouldsimplybe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceptional

B.excessive

C.abundant

D.ample

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。exceptional"例外的;異常的";excessive"過(guò)多的;極度的";abundant"豐富的,多產(chǎn)的";ample"豐富的,足夠的"。句意：你給的剛剛好,再多一點(diǎn)布丁都顯得太過(guò)分了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereports,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountriesarebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerableregions.Dr.Pielkesaidtheclimatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention.”Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmhecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed.”

However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAdreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ratesofdeathfromillnesseshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.

B.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.

B.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists

C.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.

D.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.

B.Itdeservesourclosetsattention.

C.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced

B.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards

C.Howemissionsofheattrappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalsale.

D.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，“Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum…”，可知全球人道主義論壇的一份報(bào)告顯示，全球變暖每年導(dǎo)致30多萬(wàn)人死亡，造成大約1250億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。可判斷出全球人道主義論壇發(fā)現(xiàn)全球變暖導(dǎo)致疾病死亡率上升。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一二段主要提到了人道主義論壇報(bào)告的具體內(nèi)容，第三段提到了相關(guān)態(tài)度和評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.”，可知這份報(bào)告招致了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的批評(píng)，他們對(duì)報(bào)告的方法和結(jié)論提出了質(zhì)疑?？膳袛喑鲞@份報(bào)告受到了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的質(zhì)疑。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“RogerPielkeJr….saidtheForum’sreportwas‘a(chǎn)methodologicalembarrassment…’”，可知皮爾克=表示，該論壇的報(bào)告存在“方法論的尷尬”?？膳袛喑鯠r.Pielke在方法論上是無(wú)效的。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“…sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.”，可知SorenAdreasen認(rèn)為這份報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)只是粗略估計(jì)，是針對(duì)世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，他們將在于12月在哥本哈根舉行會(huì)議，就一項(xiàng)新的國(guó)際氣候條約進(jìn)行談判?？膳袛喑鯝dreasen認(rèn)為報(bào)告的粗略估計(jì)是為了引起世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的注意。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.”，可知Annan強(qiáng)調(diào)，談判需要把重點(diǎn)放在增加從富有地區(qū)流向貧困地區(qū)的資金問(wèn)題上，以幫助他們降低面對(duì)氣候?yàn)?zāi)害的脆弱性，同時(shí)減少溫室氣體的排放。可判斷出KofiAnnan認(rèn)為哥本哈根會(huì)議的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在富國(guó)如何才能更好地幫助貧困地區(qū)減少氣候?yàn)?zāi)害的問(wèn)題上。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

SomehistoriansareconvincedthatRomewasacorruptkingdomthatdeservedto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.die

B.expire

C.perish

D.cease

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)die“死亡；消失”，多用于指“有生命的人或物消亡”；B選項(xiàng)expire“（因到期而）失效；屆滿；去世”，表示“死亡”時(shí)，更強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動(dòng)作，理解為“斷氣”；C選項(xiàng)perish“死亡；毀滅”，多用于文學(xué)用語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物消失；D選項(xiàng)cease“（使）停止，終止，結(jié)束”。句意：一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為羅馬是一個(gè)腐敗的王國(guó)，理應(yīng)消亡。根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)的偏向性及語(yǔ)境，此處應(yīng)指“羅馬王國(guó)的消失”，C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Itisnosecretamongathletesthatinordertoimproveperformanceyou’vegottoworkhard.However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyouweaker.Itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduringtherestperiodfollowinghardtraining.Thisadaptationisaccomplishedbyimprovingefficiencyoftheheartandcertainsystemswithinthemusclecells.Duringrecoveryperiodsthesesystemsbuildtogreaterlevelstocompensateforthestressthatyouhaveapplied.Theresultisthatyouarenowatahigherlevelofperformance.

Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalancebetweenexcesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewilldecline.The“overtrainingsyndrome（綜合癥）’’isthenamegiventothecollectionofemotional,behavioral,andphysicalsymptomsduetoovertrainingthathaspersistedforweekstomonths.Itismarkedbycumulativeexhaustionthatpersistsevenafterrecoveryperiods.

Themostcommonsymptomisfatigue.Thismaylimitworkoutsandmaybepresentatrest.Theathletemayalsobecomemoody,easilyimitated,havealteredsleeppatterns,becomedepressed,orlosethecompetitivedesireandenthusiasmforthesport.Somewillreportdecreasedappetiteandweightloss.Physicalsymptomsincludepersistentmuscularsoreness,increasedfrequencyofviral（病毒性的）illnesses,andincreasedincidenceofinjuries.

Thetreatmentfortheovertrainingsyndromeisrest.Thelongertheovertraininghasoccurred,themorerestrequired.Therefore,earlydetectionisveryimportant,Iftheovertraininghasonlyoccurredforashortperiodoftime（e.g.3-4weeks）theninterruptingtrainingfor3-5daysisusuallysufficientrest.Itisimportantthatthefactorsthatleadtoovertrainingbeidentifiedandcorrected.Otherwise,theovertrainingsyndromeislikelytorecur.Theovertrainingsyndromeshouldbeconsideredinanyathletewhomanifestssymptomsofprolongedfatigueandwhoseperformancehasleveledoffordecreased.Itisimportanttoexcludeanyunderlyingillnessthatmayberesponsibleforthefatigue.

1.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagetellsusthat（

）.

2.By“overtraining”theauthormeans

（

）.

3.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutthe“overtraining”syndrome?

4.Whatdoesthephrase“l(fā)eveloff’(Line7,Para,4)mostprobablymean?

5.Theauthoradvisesattheendofthepassagethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theharderanathletetrains,thebetterhisperformancewillbe

B.restaftervigoroustrainingimprovesandathlete’sperformance

C.strictsystematictrainingisessentialtoanathlete'stopperformance

D.improvementofanathlete'sperformanceoccursinthecourseoftraining

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aseriesofphysicalsymptomsthatoccuraftertraining

B.undueemphasisontheimportanceofphysicalexertion

C.trainingthatisnotadequatelycompensatedforbyrest

D.trainingthathasexceededanathlete’semotionallimits

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itoccurswhenathletesloseinterestinsports.

B.Itappearsrightafterahardtrainingsession.

C.Thefatigueitresultsinisunavoidableintheathlete’strainingprocess.

D.Itmanifestsitselfinfatiguewhichlingersevenafterarecoveryperiod.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Slowdown.

B.Becomedull.

C.Stopimproving.

D.Beonthedecline.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.overtrainingsyndromeshouldbetreatedasaseriousillness

B.overtrainingsyndromeshouldbepreventedbeforeitoccurs

C.anathletewithovertrainingsyndromeshouldtakealengthyrest

D.illnesscausingfatigueshouldnotbemistakenforovertrainingsyndrome

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。這類題需要找段落中心句。第一段中心句出現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)折詞however之后“However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyouweaker.Itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduringtherestperiodfollowinghardtraining.然而，艱苦的訓(xùn)練會(huì)讓你崩潰，讓你更虛弱。是休息使你更強(qiáng)壯。只有在艱苦訓(xùn)練之后的休息期間才會(huì)有進(jìn)步?！睘g覽四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知B選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞rest“劇烈訓(xùn)練后的休息能提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員的成績(jī)”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合文意。

2.語(yǔ)義推斷題。由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalancebetweenexcesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewilldecline.如果在訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃中沒(méi)有充分的休息，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)過(guò)度訓(xùn)練和休息不足之間的不平衡，從而導(dǎo)致成績(jī)下降?！本o跟著下一句就提到“the‘overtrainingsyndrome’”，可知過(guò)度訓(xùn)練和休息不足就會(huì)產(chǎn)生“過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合征”，這個(gè)癥狀就是休息不足所造成的，因此C選項(xiàng)“休息不能充分補(bǔ)償?shù)挠?xùn)練”符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章對(duì)于“theovertrainingsyndrome”的描述出現(xiàn)在第二段與第三段中。由上題可知，它發(fā)生在過(guò)度訓(xùn)練和休息不足之狀態(tài)失衡時(shí)，因此A選項(xiàng)“它發(fā)生在運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)失去興趣的時(shí)候”和B選項(xiàng)“它出現(xiàn)在一次艱苦的訓(xùn)練之后?！迸懦?；C選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)員在訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的疲勞是不可避免的”在文章中并未正面提及。

4.語(yǔ)義推斷題。本句句意：過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合癥可能出現(xiàn)在任何表現(xiàn)出長(zhǎng)期疲勞癥狀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員身上，也可能是在表現(xiàn)已經(jīng)……或下降的運(yùn)動(dòng)員身上。因?yàn)檫^(guò)度訓(xùn)練，可能造成運(yùn)動(dòng)員狀態(tài)不佳，很難出現(xiàn)冒尖的運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)，只可能下降decrease或表現(xiàn)平平，由此推測(cè)leveloff就表示“趨平”。C選項(xiàng)“停止進(jìn)步”符合文意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A選項(xiàng)“過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合癥應(yīng)該被視為一種嚴(yán)重的疾病”未在最后一段中體現(xiàn)，提到其治療方法就是“rest”，可知也不應(yīng)視為嚴(yán)重的疾病；B選項(xiàng)“過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合癥應(yīng)該在發(fā)生之前預(yù)防”不符合段意，本段未提及預(yù)防的問(wèn)題；C選項(xiàng)“患有過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合癥的運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的休息”不符合文意，文章講到的是需要“sufficientrest足夠的休息”而不是“長(zhǎng)時(shí)間休息”。D選項(xiàng)“引起疲勞的疾病不應(yīng)被誤認(rèn)為是過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合癥”，符合最后一句中“要排除可能造成疲勞的疾病存在的可能”，不要把所有的疲勞都?xì)w于“過(guò)度訓(xùn)練綜合征”。

13.單選題

ValetaYoung,81,aretireefromLodi,Calif.,suffersfromcongestiveheartfailureandrequiresalmostconstantmonitoring.Butshedoesn’thavetodriveanywheretogetit.Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttonsonasmallattachedmonitorandpressesabuttonthatsendstheinformationtoanurse’sstationinSanAntonio,Texas.“It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor,”saysYoung,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.

Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology,withmorethan25firmscompetingtomeasureremotely—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves—everythingfrompatients’heartratestohowoftentheycough.

Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.InMarch,St.FrancisUniversityinPittsburgh,Pa.,partneredwithacompanycalledBodyMediaonastudyinwhichruraldiabetespatientsusewirelessglucosemetersandarmbandsensorstomonitortheirdisease.Andlastfall,Yahoobeganofferingsubscriberstheabilitytocharttheirasthmaconditionsonline.UsingaPDA-sizerespiratorymonitorthatmeasureslungfunctionsinrealtimeande-mailsthedatedirectlytodoctors.

Suchhomemonitoring,saysDr.GeorgeDailey,aphysicianattheScrippsClinicinSanDiego,“couldsomedayreplacelessproductivewaysthatpatientstrack,changesintheirheartrte.Bloodsugar,lipidlevels,kidneyfunctionsandevenvision.”

Dr.TimothyMoore,executivevicepresidentofAlereMedical,whichproducedthesmartscalesthatYoungandmorethan10,000otherpatientsareusing,saysthatalmostanyvitalsigncould,intheory,bemonitoredfromhome.But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample,andalthoughheacknowledgesthatremotemonitoringofblood-sugarlevelsanddiabeticulcersontheskinmayhaverealvalue,hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.

Suchstudiesareneededbecausethetechnologyisstillinitsinfancyandmedicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.Butononethingtheyallagree:youshouldneverrelyonanyremotetestingsystemwithoutclearingitwithyourdoctor.

66.HowdoesYoungmonitorherhealthconditions?

67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTusedinremotemonitoring?

68.Theword“prompted”mostprobablymeans____.

69.WhyisDr.TimothyMooreagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely?

70.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Byestablishingadirectlinktoherdoctor.

B.Byansweringafewyesornoquestions.

C.Bysteppingonanelectronicscale.

D.Byusingremotemonitoringservice.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theairwaves

B.telephone

C.Int