考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theystoodatthetopofthemountainandviewedthebeautiful（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lapse

B.landscape

C.layout

D.locality

【答案】B

【解析】lapse小錯(cuò),過(guò)失；landscape風(fēng)景；layout布局,設(shè)計(jì)；locality地點(diǎn),位置。句意：他們站在山頂欣賞美麗的風(fēng)景。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Betty,though（

）inmostthings,spentalotofmoneyonclothes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.economical

B.economic

C.excessive

D.extravagant

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)though可以推斷,前后形成對(duì)比,表達(dá)意思相反,所以應(yīng)填入economical節(jié)儉的,選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally（

）oftherealitythatthey

represent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reflection“反映”；demonstration“示范”；illumination“照明”；reproduction“繁殖”。句意：許多試圖向世界反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的小說(shuō)，都反映了他們所代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Thedevelopmentofstaffcohesionandasenseofteameffortintheworkplacecanbeeffectively（）bytheuseofhumor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquainted

B.installed

C.regulated

D.facilitated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。acquaint“使熟悉”；install“安裝”；regulate“調(diào)節(jié)”；facilitate“促進(jìn)”。句意：幽默可以有效促進(jìn)職場(chǎng)員工的凝聚力發(fā)展和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作意識(shí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Cultureistransmittedlargelybylanguageandbythenecessityforpeopleinclosecontacttocooperate.Themoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome—intolerationofdiversityifnothingelse.Membersofacultureoranationaregenerallyinclosercontactwithoneanotherthanwithmembersofotherculturesornations.Theybecomemorelikeeachotherandmoreunlikeothers.Inthisway,theredevelops“nationalcharacter”，whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns.

Frequently,themembersofoneculturewillinterpretthe“nationalcharacteristics”ofanothergroupintermsoftheirownvalues.Forexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered“l(fā)azy”bycitizensofsomeindustrializednations.Ontheotherhand,itmaybethattheislandersplaceagreatvalueonsocialrelationshipsbutlittlevalueon“productivity”，andcropsgrowwithlittleattention.Thenegativeconnotationofthelabel“l(fā)azy”isthusunjustifiedfromthepointofviewoftheislandculture.

Stereotypes,suchas“l(fā)azy”，“inscrutable,”and“dishonest”givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothersinasuperficialway,buttheyaredamagingtorealunderstandingamongmembersofdifferentcultures.Peoplereactmoretolabelsthantoreality.AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.The“we-they”distinctionappliestowhatevercharacteristicthe“wes’’haveandthe“theys’’donothave—andthecharacteristicsattributedtothe“theys”areusuallyoneswithanegativevalue.

Thedistinctionbecomesmostobviousintimesofconflict.Forthisreason,itisoftensuggestedtheonlythingthatmightjoinallmentogetheronthisplanetwouldbeaninvasionfromouterspace.“We”，theearthlings,wouldthenfight“them”，theoutsiders.

Giventhegreatdiversities—realandimagined—amongpeopleoftheworld,isthereanyfoundationforhopethatsomedayallmenmightjointogethertoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernment?Theoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.

1.Whatmakespeoplemoretolerantofdiversitybetweendifferentgroups?

2.“Nationalcharacter”isbuiltamongpeoplewho（

）.

3.Tosomeindustrializednations,thementionedSouthPacificislandersare

（

）.

4.Withstereotypes,peopletendto

（

）.

5.WhatistrueabouttheblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer?

6.Itispossibletoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernmentonlywhen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Extensivecommunications.

B.Languagedevelopment.

C.Closecooperation.

D.Directinteractions.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.likeeachother

B.sharethesamevalues

C.speakthesamelanguage

D.thinkinthesameway

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.idle

B.carefree

C.inefficient

D.well-organized

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.reacttoeachotheronaregularbasis

B.seedifferentculturesindifferentways

C.taketheirowncultureasthebestofall

D.describeothercultureswithlabels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HewaswrongedbyhisfellowAfricanAmericans.

B.Hewasconsideredasadistinguishedvolunteer.

C.Hewasdiscriminatedagainstbythewhites.

D.HewasexcludedfromtheblackAfricans.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearewillingtoabandontheir“nationalcharacter”

B.peopleofdifferentnationsholdsimilarpoliticalviews

C.humanbeingsasawholehaveonecommonenemy

D.humanbeingsareabletocontactbeingsinouterspace.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段第二句。“Themoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome…（交際網(wǎng)絡(luò)越廣泛，思想和信仰的交流就越多，人與人之間的相似之處也就越多。）”，從而得出本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息。可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段最后一句?！癐nthisway,theredevelops‘nationalcharacter,’whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns（這樣，就形成了“民族性”，這是一群人分享價(jià)值觀和遵循相似行為模式的統(tǒng)計(jì)趨勢(shì)）”，即可得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段?！癋orexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered‘lazy’by...（例如，南太平洋島嶼的居民可能被認(rèn)為是“懶惰的”……）”，從而得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第一句。根據(jù)“givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothers（給人們安全的標(biāo)簽，讓他們對(duì)他人做出反應(yīng)）”，即可得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第三句。根據(jù)“AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.（例如，美國(guó)和平隊(duì)的黑人志愿者被非洲黑人認(rèn)為是白人，并被稱為白人。）”即可得出本題答案。

6.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文最后一段?！癟heoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.（其結(jié)果可能將取決于人類的政治演變。）”從而得出本題答案。

6.單選題

Theprimeminister’sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(an)（

）thathisgovernmentfell.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensation

B.upheaval

C.withdrawal

D.outbreak

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)sensation“轟動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)upheaval“動(dòng)亂，劇變”；C選項(xiàng)withdrawal“撤退”；D選項(xiàng)outbreak“爆發(fā)”。

句意：首相的新稅提案造成了如此大的動(dòng)蕩，以至于他的政府垮臺(tái)了。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

7.翻譯題

Itisalsoclearfromhisaccountwhoisresponsibleformisrepresentingthisthreat:themediaandpoliticians.Thoughoutthiswork,hescoldsboth.Politicians,wearetold,“amplifythethreatfortheirownpoliticalgainsandmisleadthepublicintomisunderstandingterrorismandpreferappearingtoughonterrorismtoeffectivelycombatingitathome”.Hearguesthatmediareportingissignificantlyflawedandhystericalandsuggeststhatthemediaandpoliticiansseldompassupanyopportunitytomanipulateandsensationalizenewsevents.ThecombinationofthesetwofactorsisagreatinflationoftheterroristtheatintheUnitedStates,resultinginpopularhysteria.ThefocusonthethreattotheWestisunderstandableinsomeways—itisthethreattoone’sownstatethatthemediaandpoliticiansareconcernedwithandattempttomitigate.

【答案】【參考譯文】

從他的描述中也可以清楚地看出，是誰(shuí)歪曲了這一威脅：媒體和政客。在這篇文章中，他斥責(zé)了兩者。他說(shuō)，政客們?yōu)榱俗约旱恼卫娑糯笸{，誤導(dǎo)公眾對(duì)恐怖主義產(chǎn)生誤解，比起在國(guó)內(nèi)有效打擊恐怖主義，他們更愿（僅僅）表現(xiàn)出一副強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度。他認(rèn)為媒體報(bào)道有明顯的缺陷且很滑稽，并暗示媒體和政客很少錯(cuò)過(guò)任何操縱和渲染新聞事件的機(jī)會(huì)。這兩個(gè)因素結(jié)合在一起大大地夸大了美國(guó)的恐怖主義威脅，導(dǎo)致了大眾的談虎色變。對(duì)西方的威脅的關(guān)注度在某種程度上是可以理解的——媒體和政客們關(guān)注并試圖減輕的是對(duì)自己國(guó)家的威脅。

8.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

世界銀行預(yù)計(jì)，美元將在2025年喪失單一統(tǒng)治地位，而歐元與人民幣將在一個(gè)“多種貨幣并存”的新型貨幣體系中確立平起平坐的地位。

失去這種轉(zhuǎn)變的將是新興市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體日益增強(qiáng)的實(shí)力與優(yōu)勢(shì)，其中有6個(gè)國(guó)家——巴西、印度、中國(guó)、印尼、俄羅斯和韓國(guó)一將在2025年占據(jù)全球增長(zhǎng)總量一半以上。根據(jù)世行周二發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告，從現(xiàn)在起至2025年，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體將以每年4.7%的速度增長(zhǎng)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于同期發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體2.3%的年增速。“全球增長(zhǎng)與投資的天平將向發(fā)展中或新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體傾斜，”報(bào)告主要作者曼蘇爾.戴拉米(MansoorDailami)表示，這種轉(zhuǎn)變意義深遠(yuǎn)。戴拉米稱，例如，這種實(shí)力轉(zhuǎn)移將大力推動(dòng)投資流入驅(qū)動(dòng)全球増長(zhǎng)的國(guó)家，跨境并購(gòu)活動(dòng)將顯著增加。

企業(yè)界的格局也將發(fā)生變化一“你會(huì)看到老牌跨國(guó)企業(yè)將不再占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位。”

此外，一種不同的國(guó)際貨幣體系將逐漸形成。美元作為世界主要儲(chǔ)備貨幣的地位將告終?！懊涝?dāng)前的主導(dǎo)地位將在2025年前消失，被一種以美元、歐元和人民幣為中心的貨幣體系所取代，這三種貨幣都將發(fā)揮成熟國(guó)際貨幣的作用，報(bào)告指出。報(bào)告還介紹了15年后貨幣市場(chǎng)“最可能”出現(xiàn)的三種情形。報(bào)告認(rèn)為歐元是美元最“可信”的對(duì)手，但有一個(gè)問(wèn)題需要留意?！皻W元的地位必將增強(qiáng)，只要?dú)W元能夠成功化解多個(gè)成員國(guó)目前面臨的主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)，并能夠避免與歐洲成員國(guó)相關(guān)的道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題?！?/p>

對(duì)于中國(guó)，報(bào)告指出，官方通過(guò)發(fā)展離岸人民幣市場(chǎng)和鼓勵(lì)人民幣在國(guó)際貿(mào)易結(jié)算和計(jì)價(jià)中的使用，已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了人民幣的“國(guó)際化”進(jìn)程?！叭嗣駧沤巧奶嵘?，將有助于解決中國(guó)在全球舞臺(tái)上的強(qiáng)大經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和中國(guó)仍嚴(yán)重依賴外國(guó)貨幣這兩者之間的脫節(jié)?！笔佬惺紫?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家林毅表示，世行描繪出的情形意味著金融機(jī)構(gòu)必須“盡快適應(yīng)，跟上形勢(shì)?！?/p>

【答案】TheWorldBankpredictsthedollarwillloseasingledominantpositionin2025,whiletheeuroandtheRMBwillestablishanequalfootingpositioninanew“multicurrency”monetarysystem.

Itwillbetheincreasingstrengthandadvantageofemergingeconomythatlossthiskindofshift,including6countries—Brazil,India,China,Indonesia,RussiaandKoreain2025willoccupymorethanhalfofthetotalglobalgrowth.AccordingtoaWorldBankreportreleasedTuesday,fromnowuntil2025,emergingeconomieswillincreasebytherateof4.7%,ismuchfasterthandevelopedeconomyatthesameperiodwhoseannualgrowthrateis2.3%.“Thebalanceofglobalgrowthandinvestmentwillinclinetodevelopingoremergingeconomies”theauthorsofthereport,MansoorDailamisaidthatthesignificanceofthischangeisprofound.Dailamisaid,forexample,thisshiftinpowerwillvigorouslypromoteinvestmentflowstothecountriesdrivingglobalgrowth,cross-bordermergersandacquisitionswillincreasesignificantly.Thecorporatelandscapewillchangeand“youwillseethefamousmultinationalenterpriseswillnolongeroccupythedominantposition.”

Inaddition,adifferentinternationalmonetarysystemwillbegraduallyformed.Thedollarastheworld'smainreservecurrencywillend.“Thedominanceofthedollarwilldisappearin2025,beingreplacedbytheDollar,EuroandRMBasthecenterofthemonetarysystem,thisthreekindsofcurrencywillallplayamatureinternationalcurrencyrole,suggestedbythereport.Thereportalsopointedoutthree“mostlikely”kindsofsituationsoncurrencymarketsin15years.Thereportsaysthattheeurowillbethemost“credible”opponentsofdollar,butthereisaproblemneedingattention.“Aslongastheeurocansuccessfullyresolvethemaindebtcrisisencounteredbymultiplemembers,andavoidthemoralhazardproblemassociatedwiththeEuropeanmembers,itsstatuscanbestrengthened”.

ForChina,thereportpointedoutthatofficialhaslaunchedthe“internationalization”oftheprocessofRMBthroughexploringtheoffshoreRMBmarketandencouragingtheuseofRMBininternationaltradesettlementandvaluation.“ThepromotionoftheroleofRMBwouldhelpsolvethediscrepancybetweenChina’sstrongeconomicstrengthintheworldstageandthehighrelianceontheforeigncurrencies.”theeconomistoftheWorldBankchiefLinYisaidthatthesituationpresentedbytheworldbankmeansthatfinancialinstitutionsmust“adaptassoonaspossible,keepupwiththesituation”.

9.單選題

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AbrahamLincolnturns200thisyear,andhe’sbeginningtoshowhisage.Whenhisbirthdayarrives,onFebruary12,CongresswillholdaspecialjointsessionintheCapitol’sNationalStatuaryHall,awreathwillbelaidatthegreatmemorialinWashington,andawebcastwilllinkschoolclassroomsfora“teach-in”honoringhismemory.

Admirableastheyare,though,theeventswillstrikemanyofusLincolnfansasinadequate,evenhalfheartedand—anothersignthatourappreciationforthe16thpresidentandhistoweringachievementsisslippingaway.Andyoudon’thavetobeaLincolnenthusiasttobelievethatthisissomethingwecan’taffordtolose.

Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennialin1909.Thatyear,Lincoln’slikenessmadeitsdebutonthepenny,thankstoapprovalfromtheU.S.SecretaryoftheTreasuryCommunitiesandcivicassociationsineverycomerofthecountyeruptedinparades,concerts,balls,lecturesandmilitarydisplays.Westillfeeltheeffectstoday:Themomentumunloosedin1909ledtotheLincolnMemorial,openedin1922,andtheLincolnHighway,thefirstpavedtranscontinentalthoroughfare.

Thecelebrantsin1909hadafewinspirationswelacktoday.Lincoln’spresidencywasstillalivingmemoryforcountlessAmericans.In2009wearefartherintimefromtheendoftheSecondWorldWarthantheywerefromtheCivilWar;familiesstillfeltthelossoflovedonesfromthatawfulnationaltrauma.

ButAmericansin1909hadsomethingmore:anunembarrassedappreciationforheroesandanacutesenseofthewaythatevenlong-deadhistoricalfigurespressinonthepresentandmakeuswhoweare.

OnestorywillillustratewhatI’mtalkingabout.

In2003agroupoflocalcitizensarrangedtoplaceastatueofLincolninRichmond,Virginia,formercapitaloftheConfederacy.Theideatouchedoffafirestormofcontroversy.TheSonsofConfederateVeteransheldapublicconferenceofcarefullyselectedscholarsto“reassess”thelegacyofLincoln.Theverdict—nosurprise—wasnegative:Lincolnwaslabeledeverythingfromaracisttotalitariantoatellerofdirtyjokes.

Icoveredtheconferenceasareporter,butwhatreallyunnervedmewasacounter-conferenceofscholarstorefutetheearlierone.ThesescholarsdrewapictureofLincolnthatonlyourtouchy-feelyagecouldconjureup.Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed—byhisadmirers,remember—as“nonjudgmental,”“unmoralistic,”“comfortablewithambiguity.”

IfeltthewayafriendofminefeltaswelaterwatchedtheunveilingoftheRichmondstatueinasubduedceremony:“Buthe’ssosmall!”

ThestatueinRichmondwasindeedsmall;likenearlyeveryLincolnstatueputupinthepasthalfcentury,itwaslife-sizeandwasplacedatgroundlevel,aconsciousrejectionoftheheroic—approachableandhuman,yes,butnotsomethingtolookupto.

TheRichmondepisodetaughtmethatAmericanshavelostthelanguagetoexplainLincoln’sgreatnesseventoourselves.EarliergenerationssaidtheywantedtheirchildrentobelikeLincoln:principled,kind,compassionate,resolute.TodaywewantLincolntobelikeus.

ThishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage.We’vehadLincolnashumoristandLincolnasmanic-depressive,Lincolnthebusinesssage,theconservativeLincolnandtheliberalLincoln,theemancipatorandtheracist,thestoicphilosopher,theChristian,theatheist—LincolnovereasyandLincolnscrambled.

What’softenmissing,though,isthetimelessLincoln,theLincolnwhomallgenerations,ourownnolessthanthatof1909,canlayclaimto.Luckyforus,thosememorializersfromacenturyago—and,throughthem,Lincolnhimself—haveleftusthehintofwheretofindhim.TheLincolnMemorialisthemostvisitedofourpresidentialmonuments.HereiswherewefindtheLincolnwhoendures:inthewordsheleftus,definingthecountrywe’veinherited.HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus.

26.Theauthorthinksthatthisyear’scelebration,isinadequateandevenhalfheartedbecause（）.

27.Accordingthepassagewhatreallymakesthe1909celebrationsdifferentformthisyear’s?

28.Intheauthor’sopinion,thecounter-conference（）.

29.Accordingtotheauthor,theimageofLincolnconceivedbycontemporarypeople（）.

30.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheimplicationofthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nosimilarappreciationofLincolnwillbeseen

B.noactivitiescanbecomparedtothosein1909

C.noLincolnstatuewillbeunveiled

D.nomemorialcoinswillbeissued

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.StructuresconstructedinmemoryofLincoln.

B.Varietyandmagnitudeofcelebrationactivities.

C.Respectforgreatpeopleandtheirinfluence.

D.TemporalproximitytoLincoln’spresidency.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.rectifiedthejudgmentbythosecarefullyselectedscholars

B.resultedinsimilardisparagingremarksonLincoln

C.cameupwithsomewhatfavorableconclusions

D.offeredabrandnewreassessmentperspective

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.revealsthevarietyofcurrentopinionsonheroes

B.showsthepresent-daydesiretoemulateLincoln

C.reflectsthepresent-daytendencyofworship

D.conformstotraditionalimages

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thememorialissymbolicofthegreatman’sachievements.

B.Lincoln’sgreatnessremainsdespitethepassageoftime.

C.EachgenerationhasitsowninterpretationofLincoln.

D.PeoplegettoknowLincolnthroughmemorializers.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】26、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inadequateandevenhalfhearted”定位到本文第二段，可知本段是指今年的慶祝是不夠的，甚至有點(diǎn)三心二意。再根據(jù)第三段主要講述為什么今年的慶祝是不夠的，由第三段第一句話“Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennialin1909”（將今年的慶?；顒?dòng)與1909年的林肯誕生100周年進(jìn)行比較），然后本段主要介紹了1909年的慶?；顒?dòng)的盛大，所以可知今年的慶祝不夠是因?yàn)榕c1909年相比，是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意；A選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)；C、D選項(xiàng)都是今年慶?；顒?dòng)沒(méi)有，而1909年有的具體表現(xiàn)，所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

27、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由26題也可知今年與1909年的慶?；顒?dòng)不同的是慶祝的種類與規(guī)模，即本文的第三段介紹了有哪些不同，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“為紀(jì)念林肯而建造的建筑物”是屬于慶祝的規(guī)模與范疇的；C選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，即使是今天，人們也無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言描述出林肯的偉大；D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“counter-conference”定位到第八段最后一句“Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed—byhisadmirers,remember—as‘nonjudgmental,’‘unmoralistic,’‘comfortablewithambiguity’”（這位目睹了我們歷史上最野蠻的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的人，被他的崇拜者描述為——請(qǐng)記住——“不偏不倚”“不講道德”“喜歡模棱兩可”）可知反會(huì)議上學(xué)者為林肯做的畫(huà)像，傳遞出關(guān)于林肯負(fù)面的內(nèi)容，即導(dǎo)致了對(duì)林肯類似的貶低的言論，所以B選項(xiàng)與其相對(duì)應(yīng)。A、C、D選項(xiàng)均說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，與B選項(xiàng)意義相反，所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

29、【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“imageofLincoln”可定位到倒數(shù)第二段的第一句話“ThishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage”，后面是一些作家對(duì)林肯的形象的制造，總之是很混亂的，包括幽默家、解放者等，所以林肯的形象揭示了當(dāng)前對(duì)英雄的各種不同看法，因此A選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法正確。B、C、D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)。

30、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】總結(jié)歸納題。由題干定位到本文的最后一段。由最后一段最后一句話“HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus”（這就是林肯，他可以不斷地被更新，在他出生200年后，他仍然保留著更新我們的權(quán)力）可知人們對(duì)林肯的形象有不同的解釋與更新，但是盡管時(shí)間流逝，林肯的偉大仍然存在，最后一段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)林肯的偉大不會(huì)消失且一直在影響著人們。最后一段沒(méi)有提到紀(jì)念碑的內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)排除；C選項(xiàng)體現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第二段，題干問(wèn)的是最后一段；D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)，所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Eventhoughstrongevidencehasprovedthenicotinetobe（

）,thetobaccocompanystillinsiststhatitsproductsareharmless.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soluble

B.deficient

C.addictive

D.skeptical

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。soluble“可溶解的；可解決的”；deficient“不足的；有缺陷的”；addictive“使人上癮的”；skeptical“懷疑的”。句意：盡管有力的證據(jù)已經(jīng)證明尼古丁能讓人上癮，但是煙草公司仍然堅(jiān)持它是無(wú)害的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Theessentialweaknessoftheoldandtraditionaleducationwasnotjustthatitemphasizedthenecessityforprovisionofdefinitesubject-matterandactivities.Thesethingsarenecessitiesforanythingthatcanrightlybecallededucation.Theweaknessandevilwasthattheimaginationofeducatorsdidnotgobeyondprovisionofafixedandrigidenvironmentofsubject-matter,onedrawnmoreoverfromsourcesaltogethertooremotefromtheexperiencesofthepupil.Whatisneededintheneweducationismoreattention,notless,tosubject-matterandtoprogressintechnique.ButwhenIsaymoreIdonotmeanmoreinquantityofthesameoldkind.Imeananimaginativevisionwhichseesthatnoprescribedandready-madeschemecanpossiblydeterminetheexactsubject-matterthatwillbestpromotetheeducativegrowthofeveryindividualyoungperson;thatevennewindividualsetsanewproblem;thathecallsforatleastasomewhatdifferentemphasisinsubject-matterpresented.Thereisnothingmoreblindlystupidthantheconventionwhichsupposesthatthematteractuallycontainedintextbooksofarithmetic,history,geography,etc.,isjustwhatwillfurthertheeducationaldevelopmentofallchildren.

Butwithdrawalfromthehardandfastandnarrowcontentsoftheoldcurriculumisonlythenegativesideofthematter.Ifwedonotgofarinthepositivedirectionofprovidingabodyofsubject-mattermuchricher,morevariedandflexible,andalsointruthmoredefinite,judgedintermsoftheexperienceofthosebeingeducated,thantraditionaleducationsupplied,weshalltendtoleaveaneducationalvacuuminwhichanythingmayhappen.Completeisolationisimpossibleinnature.Theyoungliveinsomeenvironmentwhetherweintenditornot,andthisenvironmentisconstantlyinteractingwithwhatchildrenandyouthbringtoit,andtheresultistheshapingoftheirinterests,mindsandcharacter—eithereducativelyormis-educatively.Iftheprofessededucatorgivesuphisresponsibilityforjudgingandselectingthekindofenvironmentthathisbestunderstandingleadshimtothinkwillbecontributivetogrowth,thentheyoungareleftatthemercyofalltheunorganizedandcasualforcesofthemodernsocialenvironmentthatinevitablyplayuponthemaslongastheylive.Intheeducativeenvironmenttheknowledge,judgmentandexperienceoftheteacherisagreater,notasmallerfactor,thanitisinthetraditionalschool.Thedifferenceisthattheteacheroperatesnotasajudgesetonhighandmarkedbyarbitraryauthoritybutasafriendlyco-partnerandguideinacommonenterprise.

1.Intheauthor’sview,thebasicfaultofoldeducationconsistsin（）.

2.Theauthoragitatesreformsinthe（）.

3.Itseemsthatneweducationalistsfavor（）.

4.Therewillbetheriskofforminganeducationalblankif（）.

5.Pupilsmaybewellguardedagainstillsocialinfluencesaslongas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theinadequatesupplyofspecificsubjectsandprograms

B.thepoorimaginativecapacitiesofeducators

C.providinginflexibleeducationalconditions

D.makingpupilsreadtextbookswithoutdatedcontent

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.oldsubject-mattertofollowtechnologicaladvances

B.staleteachingmaterialsandteachingmethods

C.prescribedtextbooksandunchangingsystems

D.generalconsentaboutmultipurposetextbooks

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.teachingpupilsaccordingtoeachone’stalent

B.introducingthelatestinformationtotheyouth

C.renderinginstructionclosetopupils’experiences

D.supplementingalltextbookswithfreshmaterials4.Therewillbetheriskofforminganeducationalblankif（）.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therigidschoolcurriculaarethoroughlytransformed

B.thenegativeeffectofoldeducationisonlypartlyrecognized

C.thetraditionalsubject-mattertotallysubstitutesfornewone

D.thereplacementofunvaryingcourseswithflexibleonesfails5.Pupilsmaybewellguardedagainstillsocialinfluencesaslongas（）.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.educatorsdiscardtheirliabilityforthebeing-educated

B.teachershavesoundjudgmenttomaketherightchoice

C.instructorshelpestablishconditionsfavorabletopupils’growth

D.schoolmastersfunctionasequalco-operatorsinajointbusiness

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：在作者看來(lái)，舊教育的基本錯(cuò)誤在于_____。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“basicfault”和“oldeducation”可以定位到文章第一段Theessentialweaknessoftheoldandtraditionaleducationwasnotjustthatitemphasizedthenecessityforprovisionofdefinitesubject-matterandactivities.Thesethingsarenecessitiesforanythingthatcanrightlybecallededucation.Theweaknessandevilwasthattheimaginationofeducatorsdidnotgobeyondprovisionofafixedandrigidenvironmentofsubject-matter,onedrawnmoreoverfromsourcesaltogethertooremotefromtheexperiencesofthepupil.（舊的和傳統(tǒng)的教育的本質(zhì)弱點(diǎn)不僅僅是它強(qiáng)調(diào)提供明確的主題和活動(dòng)的必要性。這些東西對(duì)于任何可以被稱為教育的東西都是必需的。教育工作者的缺點(diǎn)和不幸是，他們的想象力不能超越為學(xué)生提供一個(gè)固定的、僵化的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，而且他們的學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)源與學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷相距甚遠(yuǎn)。），B選項(xiàng)“教育工作者缺乏想象力”，符合原文表達(dá)的意思。A選項(xiàng)“特定科目和課程供應(yīng)不足”和C選項(xiàng)“提供固定的教育條件”，和原文表達(dá)的意思沖突，D選項(xiàng)“讓學(xué)生閱讀內(nèi)容過(guò)時(shí)的課本”在文中并沒(méi)有提及，綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：作者在_________上鼓勵(lì)改革。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第一段第四句話Whatisneededintheneweducationismoreattention,notless,tosubject-matterandtoprogressintechnique.（新教育所需要的是更多的關(guān)注，而不是更少的關(guān)注素材和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。），可知A選項(xiàng)“跟隨技術(shù)進(jìn)步的老題材”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“陳舊的教材和教學(xué)方法”，C選項(xiàng)“規(guī)定的教科書(shū)和不變的系統(tǒng)”和D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)多用途教科書(shū)的普遍認(rèn)可”在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：新的教育學(xué)家似乎更青睞_________。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第一段Whatisneededintheneweducationismoreattention,notless,tosubject-matterandtoprogressintechnique.ButwhenIsaymoreIdonotmeanmoreinquantityofthesameoldkind.Imeananimaginativevisionwhichseesthatnoprescribedandready-madeschemecanpossiblydeterminetheexactsubject-matterthatwillbestpromotetheeducativegrowthofeveryindividualyoungperson;（新教育所需要的是更多的關(guān)注，而不是更少的關(guān)注素材和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。但是，當(dāng)我說(shuō)“更多”的時(shí)候，我并不是指同樣的數(shù)量上的“更多”。我指的是一種富有想象力的愿景，認(rèn)為沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的計(jì)劃可以確定最能促進(jìn)每個(gè)年輕人教育成長(zhǎng)的確切主題；），原文表達(dá)的意思是沒(méi)有固定的教材可以促進(jìn)每個(gè)年輕人的成長(zhǎng)，不同的年輕人應(yīng)該使用不同的教育素材，因此A選項(xiàng)“因材施教”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“向青年介紹最新的信息”，C選項(xiàng)“貼近學(xué)生的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行教學(xué)”，D選項(xiàng)“用新材料補(bǔ)充所有教科書(shū)”，均不符合原文意思，所以本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：如果_________，將有形成教育空白的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“educationalblank”可以定位到文章第二段第二句Ifwedonotgofarinthepositivedirectionofprovidingabodyofsubject-mattermuchricher,morevariedandflexible,andalsointruthmoredefinite,judgedintermsoftheexperienceofthosebeingeducated,thantraditionaleducationsupplied,weshalltendtoleaveaneducationalvacuuminwhichanythingmayhappen.（如果我們不能比傳統(tǒng)教育提供一個(gè)主題更豐富、更多樣和靈活的主體的正確方向，不能在事實(shí)上比傳統(tǒng)教育更加明確，不能判斷針對(duì)這些教育的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，針對(duì)任何發(fā)生的事情，我們都將可能形成教育空白。），D選項(xiàng)“用靈活的課程替代不變的課程失敗了”說(shuō)法與句意一致。A選項(xiàng)“僵化的學(xué)校課程被徹底改變了”與句意相反。B選項(xiàng)“舊教育的負(fù)面影響只被部分認(rèn)識(shí)到”，在文中沒(méi)有提及，說(shuō)法無(wú)根據(jù)。C選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的題材完全取代了新的題材”與句意相反。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

5.主旨大意題。題干：只要_________，學(xué)生們就可以很好地防范不良的社會(huì)影響。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第二段Theyoungliveinsomeenvironmentwhetherweintenditornot,andthisenvironmentisconstantlyinteractingwithwhatchildrenandyouthbringtoit,andtheresultistheshapingoftheirinterests,mindsandcharacter—eithereducativelyormis-educatively.Iftheprofessededucatorgivesuphisresponsibilityforjudgingandselectingthekindofenvironmentthathisbestunderstandingleadshimtothinkwillbecontributivetogrowth,thentheyoungareleftatthemercyofalltheunorganizedandcasualforcesofthemodernsocialenvironmentthatinevitablyplayuponthemaslongastheylive.（不管我們?cè)敢馀c否，年輕人都生活在某種環(huán)境中，而這種環(huán)境不斷地與兒童和青少年帶給它的東西相互影響，其結(jié)果是他們的興趣、心智和性格的塑造——是受教育的或者是受誤導(dǎo)的。如果自詡的教育家放棄判斷和選擇在他的理解下有利于成長(zhǎng)的環(huán)境的責(zé)任，那么年輕人就會(huì)任由現(xiàn)代社會(huì)環(huán)境中所有無(wú)組織的、隨意的力量擺布，只要他們活著，這些力量就不可避免地會(huì)對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生影響。），所以只有教育者判斷和選擇對(duì)年輕人有利的環(huán)境，才能避免他們受到不良的影響，B選項(xiàng)“老師有足夠的判斷力來(lái)做出正確的選擇”，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“教育者放棄他們對(duì)受教育者的責(zé)任”和原文的意思相反，排除。C選項(xiàng)“教師幫助建立有利于學(xué)生成長(zhǎng)的條件”，教師只能幫助判斷和選擇環(huán)境，而不是主動(dòng)創(chuàng)造條件，所以C選項(xiàng)不對(duì)。D選項(xiàng)“校長(zhǎng)在聯(lián)合企業(yè)中扮演平等的合作者的角色”，在文中并沒(méi)有提及。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

InScotland,asintherestoftheUnitedKingdom,（）schoolingbeginsatage5andendsatage16.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compelling

B.forced

C.obliged

D.compulsory

【答案】D

【解析】compulsoryschooling指義務(wù)教育,為習(xí)慣用法。compelling引人注目的；forced強(qiáng)迫的；obliged感激的,有責(zé)任的；compulsory義務(wù)的,必修的。句意：和在英國(guó)其他地方一樣,蘇格蘭的義務(wù)教育從5歲開(kāi)始,到16歲結(jié)束。選項(xiàng)D正確。

13.單選題

Comewhat（

）,we'renotgoingtomakeanyconcessionstohisunreasonabledemands.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.must

B.should

C.can

D.may

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。comewhatmay意為“無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣，無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事”。

句意：無(wú)論如何，我們不會(huì)對(duì)他的不合理要求作出任何讓步。

14.翻譯題

PartII.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish(25分)

如果分析不當(dāng)，造成誤解，就謹(jǐn)小慎微，不敢解放思想，不敢放開(kāi)手腳。結(jié)果是喪失時(shí)機(jī)，猶如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。（《鄧小平文選》第三卷）

【答案】Ifwefailtomakeaproperanalysisandthusincurmisunderstanding,wewillbecomeovercautiousanddarenotemancipateoutmindsandactboldly.Consequently,wewillloseopportunities.Likeaboatsailingagainstthecurrent,wemustforgeaheadorbesweptdownstream.

15.問(wèn)答題

Directions:Afteryouhavereadthefollowingpassage,writeoutasummaryinEnglishwhitabout70