歷年專八改錯(cuò)(2000年-2014年)真題及答案

歷年專八短文改錯(cuò)試題2014年英語(yǔ)專八改錯(cuò)真題答案Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageacquisition(SLA)emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s.Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestionshavepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:Isitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthe(a前面加also)(possessed改為captured)samesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?(one前面加as)(fact后面加that)Whatistheexplanationforthefactadultshavemoredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?Whatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguages?Whatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe(language前面去掉the)acquisitionofanadditionallanguage?Whatsocio-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthelearningofadditionallanguages?Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall(去掉the)theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiringofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodoso.Whetheronelabelsit“l(fā)earning”or“acquiring”anadditionallanguage,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunderfocusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofan(attempts改為attempting)(or改為and)individual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesareinvolving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning(involving改為involved)(touch改為contact)oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntintheclassroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.2013英語(yǔ)專八改錯(cuò)真題答案Psycho-linguisticsisthenamegiventothestudyofthepsychologicalprocessesinvolvedinlanguage.Psycholinguisticsstudyunderstanding,productionandrememberinglanguage,andhenceareconcernedwith(1)_____listening,reading,speaking,writing,andmemoryforlanguage.Onereasonwhywetakethelanguageforgrantedisthatitusually(2)______happenssoeffortlessly,andmostoftime,soaccurately.(3)______Indeed,whenyoulistentosomeonetospeaking,orlookingatthispage,(4)______younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.Itisonlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswemightbecomeawareofthecomplexity(5)______involved:ifwearesearchingforawordbutcannotrememberit;ifarelativeorcolleaguehashadastrokewhichhasinfluencedtheirlanguage;ifweobserveachildacquirelanguage;ifwetrytolearnasecondlanguageourselvesasanadult;orifwearevisuallyimpairedorhearing-impairedorifwemeetanyoneelsewhois.Asweshallsee,alltheseexamples(6)______(7)______(8)______ofwhatmightbecalled“l(fā)anguageinexceptionalcircumstances”revealagreatdealabouttheprocessesevolvedinspeaking,listening,writingandreading.Butgiventhatlanguageprocesses(9)______werenormallysoautomatic,duction改成producing(10)______2.去掉the3.去掉accurately前面的so4.looking改為look5.we前面加that6.去掉colleague后面的has7.their改成his8.anyone改成pure老師someone9.evolved改成involved10.were改成are2012年專八真題改錯(cuò)部分Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst(1)______centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywritersfavouredcertainkindof“free”translation:thespirit,nottheletter;thesensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternotthemanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswhowantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19thcentury,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthat(2)_______(3)_______(4)_______(5)_______thelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage(6)_______(7)_______wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossiblegainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas(8)_______literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementoftheextreme“l(fā)iteralists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.Theargumentwastheoretical:thepurposeofthetranslation,thenatureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Toooften,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwith(9)_______eachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.(10)_____參考答案：1.going后加on2.certain改為acertain3.rather改為not4.is改為was5.in改為at6.去掉第二個(gè)the7.view后面加that8.去掉was9.culminated后面加in10.and改為but2011年專八真題改錯(cuò)部分Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,IknewthatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofaboutseventeenandtwenty-fourItriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconsciencethatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthatsoonorlaterIshouldhavetosettledownandwritebooks.1__________2___________3___________Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyears4__________oneitherside,andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondevelopeddisagreeingmannerismswhichmademeunpopularthroughoutmy5_____________schooldays.Ihadthelonelychild'shabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,andIthinkfrom6_________theverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwiththefeelingof7________beingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreated8________asortofprivateworldwhichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailure9________ineverydaylife.Therefore,thevolumeofserious—i.e.seriously10________intended—writingwhichIproducedallthroughmychildhoodandboyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageoffourorfive,mymothertakingitdowntodictation.1.在grow后加up,考固定短語(yǔ)2.改consience為consciousness考詞語(yǔ)區(qū)別，consience翻譯為“良心，道德心”,consiousness翻譯為“意識(shí)”3.改soon為sooner，soonerorlater是固定短語(yǔ)4.在child前加middle,考上下文理解。作者是三個(gè)孩子句中的那位5。改disagreeing為disagreeable，disagreeing只能作動(dòng)名詞，不能作形容詞。disagreeablemannernisms令人討厭的習(xí)慣6.改imaginative為imaginary,考詞語(yǔ)區(qū)別imaginative翻譯為“有想象力的”，imaginary翻譯為“想象的，虛構(gòu)的”7.改literal為literary,考詞義區(qū)別，literal翻譯為“字面的”，literary翻譯為“文學(xué)方面的”8.去掉face后的in，face接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞?？紕?dòng)詞的基本用法9.在world后加in或者改which為where,考定語(yǔ)從句10.改Therefore為However或者Nevertheness,考語(yǔ)境。感悟：11專八改錯(cuò)相對(duì)前幾年專八改錯(cuò)要簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)。本人認(rèn)為詞義區(qū)別考得過(guò)多了。2010年專八真題改錯(cuò)部分Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:thatis,everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.1________________2________________3________________Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofrice.Whereasthisisnotthefaultoftheirlanguage.TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthosesometimesmiscalled'primitive')isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.Thepositionis4_____________5______________6______________simplyandobviouslythattheEskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilar7____________environments.TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichinterms8____________fordifferentkindsofsnow,presumably,iftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufacture9_____________orcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos'life.10____________1.be后插入as;as…as引導(dǎo)的比較級(jí)2.their改為its;its代替everylanguage3.There改為It;It此處作為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式4.Whereas改為But；語(yǔ)境需要表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，whereas表示對(duì)比5.further改為muchfurther不能修飾比較級(jí)6.come改為bring;(sth)cometolight,bringsthtolightbringtolightthedefectofEnglish=bringthedefectofenglishtolight揭示英語(yǔ)的缺陷7.similar改為different;根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)該用different8.will改為would;虛擬語(yǔ)氣9.asimportant去掉as;10t.hepart去掉the或者改the為a09專八改錯(cuò)原題be/become/form(a)partof是固定短語(yǔ)Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifferencebetweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistenerhasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren.Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.Withtheplaygroundlore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassedonwithintheveryhouritislearnt;andinthegeneral,itpasses(1)___________(2)___________(3)____________(4)_____________(5)___________(6)_____________betweenchildrenofthesameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinagebetweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplaygroundrhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,orevenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatithasbeenretransmittedoverandover;verypossiblyithaspassedalongachainoftwoorthreehundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainsliveaftersomuchhandling,toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe(7)__________(8)___________(9)____________(10)____________答案分析：(1)thefurtherdifference改為afurtherdifference（此次應(yīng)該用不定冠詞表示泛指）(2)改when為until,結(jié)構(gòu)not...until翻譯為“直到……才”(3)their改為his（代詞與前文alittlelistener在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致）(4)something改為anything此處指二十到七十的任何時(shí)段(5)therefore改為however（根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系）(6)inthegeneral去掉the（習(xí)慣用法ingeneral表示總的來(lái)說(shuō)，一般不用冠詞）(7)currently改為current（這里起的是表語(yǔ)的作用，需要形容詞而不是副詞）(8)ithaspassed改為ithasbeenpassed（與分號(hào)前的被動(dòng)保持一致）(9)live改為alivealive翻譯為“鮮活的”，一般作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；live翻譯為“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)播的；活的”，一般作定語(yǔ)(10)toletalone改為letalone(letalone為習(xí)慣搭配，意思是“更不用說(shuō)2008年專八真題短文改錯(cuò)Thedesiretouselanguageasasignofnationalidentityisaverynaturalone,andinresultlanguagehasplayedaprominentpartinnationalmoves.Menhaveoftenfelttheneedtocultivateagivenlanguagetoshowthattheyaredistinctivefromanotherracewhosehegemonytheyresent.AtthetimetheUnitedStatessplitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthat____1________2________3________4____independenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofadifferentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.TherewasevenoneproposalthatAmericansshouldadoptHebrew.OthersfavouredtheadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglishandmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryoneknows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingwiththesamelanguageasbefore.Sincenearlytwohundredyearsnow,theyhaveshowntheworldthatpoliticalindependenceandnationalidentitycanbecompletewithoutsacrificingtheenormousmutualadvantagesofacommonlanguage.____5________6________7________8________9________10____1.inresult改成inconsequence，2moves改成movements.3.distinctive改成distinct或different4.在time后加when5.accepted改成realized6.those改成that7.刪除on,8.At改成In9carryingwith改成carryingonwith10.now改成ago07專八真題短文改錯(cuò)Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliestrecordsofancientlanguagesshowuslanguageinanewandemergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatthelanguageoriginatedincriesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,andthenecessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:therearenoremotetribes,noancientrecords,providingevidenceof1__________2__________3_________4__________alanguagewithalargeproportionofsuchcries5__________thanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsenceofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butinothergroundstoothetheoryisnotveryattractive.Peopleofallracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilarnoisesinreturntopainorpleasure.ThefactthatsuchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmenandMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferent,servestoemphasizeonthefundamentaldifferencebetweenthesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent,whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatare6__________7___________8___________9____________10___________whollyconventional.1,改and為or,anylanguagagestodayorrecordsofancientlanguages是并列成分，在否定句中用or2,改show為showing,現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)3，刪除the,表示泛指4，改and為but,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處是轉(zhuǎn)折5，改large為larger,后面有than,應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)6，改in為on,onothergrounds“基于其它理由”，為固定搭配7，改return為response,inresponseto“對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)”8，刪除on,emphasizesthemphasize是及物動(dòng)詞9，在large前加a,extent是可數(shù)名詞，前面要加冠詞。"toalargeextent"翻譯為“在很大程度上”10，改these為thosethosethat/who為固定形式2006專八短文改錯(cuò)Weuselanguageprimarilyasameansofcommunicationwithotherhumanbeings.Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsastothewayinwhichwordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticularmessage:theEnglishspeakerhasinhisdisposalvocabularyanda1_______2_______3_______setofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,totheotherEnglishspeakers.Hisvocabulary,inparticular,boththatwhichheusesactive-lyandthatwhichherecognises,increasesinsizeashegrows4_______5_______oldasaresultofeducationandexperience.6_________But,whetherthelanguagestoreisrelativelysmallorlarge,thesystemremainsnomorethanapsychologicalrealityfortheindividual,unlesshehasameansofexpressingitintermsabletobeseenbyanother7_________memberofhislinguisticcommunity;hebastogivethesystemaconcretetransmissionform.Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomost8____________9_____________commonformsoftransmission-bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).Andtheseareamongmoststrikingofhumanachievements.1,改agreeing為agreedagreedconventions翻譯為“習(xí)俗”2，words前加the,此處為特指10____________3，改in為atatone’sdisposal為固定短語(yǔ)，翻譯為“由某人做主”4，改enables為enable，定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞vocabularyandasetofgrammaticalrules保持一致5，刪除the,此處需要泛指6，改old為older,此處需要比較級(jí)7，改seen為understood，system應(yīng)該是被理解8．，刪除ittakesthforgrantedtakeitforgrantedthat…9,改or為and,語(yǔ)境需要并列關(guān)系而不需選擇關(guān)系10，most前加the,形容詞最高級(jí)中that一般不能省略2005年專八真題短文改錯(cuò)TheUniversityasBusinesAnumberofcollegesanduniversitieshaveannouncedsteeptuitionincreasesfornextyearmuchsteeperthanthecurrent,verylowrateofinflation.Theysaytheincreasesareneededbecauseofalossinvalueofuniversityendowmentsheavilyinvestingincommonstock.Iamskeptical.Abusinessfirmchoosesthepricethatmaximizesitsnetrevenues,irrespectivefluctuationsinincome;andincreasinglythe1________2_________outlookofuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesisindistinguishablefromthoseof3___________businessfirms.Theriseintuitionsmayreflectthefacteconomicuncertainty4__________increasesthedemandforeducation.Thebiggestcostofbeingintheschoolisforegoingincomefromajob(thisisprimarilyafactoringraduateandprofessional-schooltuition);thepoorone'sjobprospects,themoresenseitmakestoreallocatetimefromthejobmarkettoeducation,5__________6___________inordertomakeoneselfmoremarketable.Thewayswhichuniversitiesmakethemselvesattractivetostudentsincludesoftmajors,studentevaluationsofteachers,givingstudentsagovernancerole,andeliminaterequiredcourses.7___________8_________9___________Sky-hightuitionshavecauseduniversitiestoregardtheirstudentsascustomers.Justasbusinessfirmssometimescolludetoshortentherigorsofcompetition,universitiescolludetominimizethecosttothemoftheathleteswhomtheyrecruitinordertostimulatealumnidonations,sothebestathletesnowoftenbypasshighereducationinordertoobtainsalariesearlierfromprofessionalteams.Anduntiltheywerestoppedbytheantitrustauthorities,theIvyLeagueschoolscolludedtolimitcompetitionforthebeststudents,byagreeingnottoawardscholarshipsonthebasisofmeritratherthanpurelyofneed-justlikebusinessfirmsagreeingnottogivediscountsontheirbestcustomer.10____________1.investing應(yīng)改為invested，過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)2.在irrespective和fluctuations之間加上介詞of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法，意指“不論，不管，不顧，”等，此處指公司不顧收入的波動(dòng)變化。3.把those改為that，that此處代替outlook4．在fact和economic之間力口上關(guān)系代詞that。這是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從語(yǔ)，that在同位語(yǔ)從句中是不能省略的.5．把定冠詞the去掉,inschool表示上學(xué)這個(gè)抽象意義6．把形容詞poor改為其比較級(jí)poorer。這句中的poor與后面的more形成一對(duì)比較關(guān)系，表示“越……越……”7．在ways和which之間加上一個(gè)介詞in。8．這里應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞的—lng形式，即eliminating，以便使句型結(jié)構(gòu)與前面的giving(studentsagovernancerole)保持一致，否則句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思都顯得不正確。9．將shorten(縮短；使變短)改為reduce/lesson/weaken。此處屬于用詞不當(dāng)。10．將togivediscountson改為togivediscountstotheirbestcustomer。意為實(shí)業(yè)公司給最好的客戶提供優(yōu)惠。Givediscountstosb為固定短語(yǔ)2004改錯(cuò)Oneofthemostimportantnon-legislativefunctionsoftheU.SCongressisthepowertoinvestigate.Thispowerisusuallydelegatedtocommittees-eitherstandingcommittees,specialcommitteessetforaspecific(1)____purpose,orjointcommitteesconsistedofmembersofbothhouses.Investigationsareheldtogatherinformationontheneedforfuturelegislation,totesttheeffectivenessoflawsalreadypassed,toinquireintothequalificationsandperformanceofmembersandofficialsoftheotherbranches,andinrareoccasions,tolaythegroundworkforimpeachmentproceedings.Frequently,committeesrelyoutsideexpertstoassistinconductinginvestigativehearings(2)____(3)____(4)____andtomakeoutdetailedstudiesofissues.(5)____Thereareimportantcorollariestotheinvestigativepower.Oneisthepowertopublicizeinvestigationsanditsresults.Mostcommitteehearingsareopentopublicandarereportedwidelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigationsneverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakers(6)____(7)____(8)____toinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues.(9)____Congressionalcommitteesalsohavethepowertocompeltestimonyfromunwillingwitnesses,andtociteforcontemptofCongresswitnesseswhorefusetotestifyandforperjuryofthesewhogivefalsetestimony.(10)____1.在set后加up,setup“建立、成立”是固定短語(yǔ)2.答案：consisted→consisting/composed3.答案：in→on【詳細(xì)解答】固定搭配on...occasions4.答案rely后加on【詳細(xì)解答】固定搭配relyonsb.todosomething5.答案：makeout→make【詳細(xì)解答】makeout意思是“辨認(rèn)出”，而此處意思是“對(duì)...做詳細(xì)的研究”，故用“makedetailedstudiesof...”即可。6.答案：its→their【詳細(xì)解答】此處指代的是“investigations”,故用復(fù)數(shù)。7.答案：public→thepublic【詳細(xì)解答】the+adj.可表示某一類人，此處意思是“面向公眾”，故應(yīng)用“thepublic”。8.答案：nevertheless→therefore/thus【詳細(xì)解答】此處不是表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折，而是與前文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故可改為therefore或thus。9.答案：interests→interest【詳細(xì)解答】此處看成不可數(shù)名詞為佳10.答案：these→those【詳細(xì)解答】those指代witnesses,即指代名詞復(fù)數(shù)做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，而these不行2003改錯(cuò)DemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwarperiodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablishfamilies.Theyquicklybroughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomenandbroughtthebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheightaftermorethanahundred(1)__(2)__yearsofasteadydecline,producingthe“babyboom.”Theseyoungadultsestablishedatrendofearlymarriageandrelativelylargefamiliesthatwentformorethantwodecadesandcausedamajorbuttemporaryreversaloflong-termdemographicpatterns.Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,Americansmarriedatahighrate(3)__(4)__andatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts.(5)__Lessnotedbutequallymoresignificant,themenandwomenwhoformedfamiliesbetween1940and1960neverthelessreducedthedivorcerateafterapostwarpeak;theirmarriagesremainedintacttoagreaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswell(6)__(7)__(8)__(9)__aslaterdecades.SincetheUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubiousdistinctionofhavingthehighestdivorcerateintheworld,thetemporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurinthesameextentinEurope.Contrarytofearsoftheexperts,theroleofbreadwinnerandhomemakerwasnotabandoned.(10)__1.答案：height→high，high作為名詞翻譯為“最高水平”，又如reachanall-timehigh2．答案：刪除a【詳細(xì)解答】此處steadydecline指穩(wěn)定下降的行為、過(guò)程而不是其結(jié)果，為不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)去掉定冠詞a。3．答案：went后加on【詳細(xì)解答】goon為固定搭配，意為“持續(xù)”。4．答案：high→higher【詳細(xì)解答】后面有than，此處應(yīng)為比較級(jí)。5．答案：Europe→European【詳細(xì)解答】根據(jù)上下文，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞counterparts。6．答案：more【詳細(xì)解答】由上下文可知，more與equally矛盾，故應(yīng)去掉。7．答案：nevertheless→also【詳細(xì)解答】由上下文可知，此處講的內(nèi)容與前部分內(nèi)容之間為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。8．答案：that→those【詳細(xì)解答】由上下文可知，此處所指代的應(yīng)為前面復(fù)數(shù)形式的marriages，故指示代詞也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。9．答案：Since→Although（或While）【詳細(xì)解答】從邏輯上講，此處應(yīng)表達(dá)讓步關(guān)系，而非因果關(guān)系。10．答案：in→to【詳細(xì)解答】to．．．extent為固定搭配，意為“到……程度”2002改錯(cuò)Therearegreatimpedimentstothegeneraluseofastandardinpronunciationcomparabletothatexistinginspelling(orthography).Oneisthefactthatpronunciationislearnt‘naturally’andunconsciously,andorthographyislearntdeliberatelyandconsciously.Largenumbersofus,infact,remain1._____throughoutourlivesquiteunconsciouswithwhatourspeechsoundslikewhenwespeakout,anditoftencomesasashockwhen2______3______wefirstlyheararecordingofourselves.Itisnotavoicewerecognizeatonce,4_______whereasourownhandwritingissomethingwhichwealmostalwaysknow.Webeginthe‘natural’learningofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearning5_____toreadorwrite,andinourearlyyearswewentonunconsciouslyimitatingandpracticingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanymorehourspereverydaythanweeverhavetospendlearningevenourdifficultEnglishspelling.Thisis‘natural’,therefore,thatourspeech-soundsshouldbethoseofourimmediatecircle;6.___7.___8.___afterall,aswehaveseen,speechoperatesasameansofholdingacommunity9.___andgivingasenseof'belonging'.Welearnquiteearlytorecognizea‘stranger’,someonewhospeakswithanaccentofadifferentcommunity-perhapsonlyafewmilesfar.10.___1.答案：and→while/whereas【詳細(xì)解答】前半句意為“發(fā)音是在無(wú)意識(shí)之中學(xué)成的”，后半句意為“拼寫是有意識(shí)地學(xué)成的”，它們之間是對(duì)比關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該用連詞while來(lái)連接。2.答案：with→of【詳細(xì)解答】beunconsciousof是固定搭配，意為“無(wú)意識(shí)地，未意識(shí)到”。即“我們之中很多人一輩子都不知道自己的話聽起來(lái)是什么樣的”。3.答案：speak后加it【詳細(xì)解答】speakout意為“大膽地說(shuō)出”，在這里句意不通。在speakout中加上it，指代前面的speech，意為“當(dāng)我們說(shuō)出話后，自己聽起來(lái)像什么”。4.答案：firstly→first【詳細(xì)解答】firstly表示順序中的“第一”，first則表示時(shí)間上的“第一次，首次”。這里是說(shuō)“當(dāng)我們第一次聽到自己的錄音時(shí)，通常會(huì)震驚”。故應(yīng)將firstly改為first才合乎句意。5.答案：which→that【詳細(xì)解答】在定語(yǔ)從句中，如果先行詞是代詞something，everything，nothing，little，few等時(shí)，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用that而不是which，故此處應(yīng)將which改為that。6.答案：went→go【詳細(xì)解答】本文通篇用的都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，使上下文保持時(shí)態(tài)一致。7.答案：刪除per或every【詳細(xì)解答】per和every都是“每”的意思，在此屬重復(fù)錯(cuò)誤，故將兩者去掉一個(gè)即可。8.答案：This→It【詳細(xì)解答】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中缺少一形式主語(yǔ)，而作形式主語(yǔ)的只能是代詞it，this是“這”的意思，不能用做形式主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)將this改為it。9.答案：community后加together【詳細(xì)解答】hold意為“抓住，占據(jù)，包含”。此處想表達(dá)的意思是“語(yǔ)言用作使社區(qū)具有凝聚力、給人歸屬感的一種方式”，用holdacommunity不能表達(dá)此意；holdsth．together表示“使結(jié)合在一起不破，使團(tuán)結(jié)一致”的意思，符合句意。10.答案：far→away【詳細(xì)解答】要表達(dá)距離上的遠(yuǎn)近，在英語(yǔ)中通常用副詞away。far表示“遠(yuǎn)，從（到）很遠(yuǎn)距離”，不合句意。2001改錯(cuò)Duringtheearlyyearsofthiscentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanada.Peopleoncitystreetswatchedtheyieldsandthepriceofwheatinalmostasmuchfeelingasiftheyweregrowers.Themarketingofwheatbecameanincreasingfavoritetopicofconversation.1.___2.___Warsetthestageforthemostdramaticeventsinmarketingthewesterncrop.Foryears,farmersmistrustedspeculativegrainsellingascarriedonthroughtheWinnipegGrainExchange.Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,sofarmerscouldnotwaitformarketstoimprove.Ithadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonshortlyafterharvestwhenfarmdebts3.___4.___werecomingdue,justtoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich.5.___Onvariousoccasions,producergroups,askedfirmercontrol,6.___butthegovernmenthadnowishtobecomeinvolving,atleastnotuntilwartimewhenwheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild.7.___Anxioustocheckinflationandrisinglifecosts,thefederal8.___governmentappointedaboardofgrainsupervisorstodealwithdeliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.GrainExchangetradingwassuspended,andfarmerssoldatpricesfixedbytheboard.Tohandlewiththecropof19