2018年高考真題-英語(江蘇卷)(詳解版)

2018年高考真題——英語(江蘇卷)(詳解版)2018年高考真題——英語（江蘇卷）（詳解版）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.

B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram.

B.Giveatalk.

C.Writeareport.【答案】B（聽力部分解析略，下同）2.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She'sgenerour.

B.She'scurious.

C.She'shelpful.【答案】C3.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.

B.At8:30.

C.At10:30.【答案】C4.Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.

B.Onfoot.

C.Bybike【答案】B5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】A【解析】此為聽力題，解析略第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。@網(wǎng)聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。音頻6.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.7.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.

B.Education.

C.Chemistry.【答案】6.B

7.A聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.

B.Atourguide.

C.Ataxidriver.9.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A.lookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.【答案】8.B

9.C聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.

B.Athome

C.Atarestaurant.11.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.

B.Visitafriend

C.workextrahours.12.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.

B.Joan

C.Catherine.【答案】10.C

11.A

12.B聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.C.Tohaveamealtogether.14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.

B.Itsdesign.

C.Itsquality.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize.

B.It'snewlypainted.

C.It'sadequatelyequipped.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.

B.Talkwithherfriend.

C.Makepayment.【答案】13.A

14.A

15.C

16.B聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.

B.Newsreporters.

C.Collegestudents.18.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud.

B.He'ssympathetic.

C.He'sgrateful.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.【答案】17.C

18.B

19.C

20.A第二部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.however

B.whatever

C.whichever

D.whenever答案是B。21.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis_______wearrived.zx.x.kA.where

B.whenC.why

D.how【答案】D【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：乘船是到達(dá)這里唯一的途徑，這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)的。分析which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句可知，后面為表語從句。分析句意可知，這里用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)表語從句，充當(dāng)方式狀語，表示“如何”。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查表語。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，然后根據(jù)前句Byboatistheonlywaytogethere提示可知作方式狀語，就不難選出正確答案。22.Kids

shouldn’t

have

access

to

violent

films

because

they

might

_______the

things

theysee.A.indicate

B.investigateC.imitate

D.innovate【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：孩子不應(yīng)該接觸暴力電影，因?yàn)樗麄円苍S會(huì)模仿他們所見的事情。A.indicate指示；B.investigate調(diào)查；C.imitate模仿；D.innovate改革。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的考查是高考重點(diǎn)考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別，再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷，從而選出正確答案?？忌谄綍r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)過程中要注重動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的識(shí)記與掌握。23.Self-driving

is

an

area

_______China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

are

on

the

same

startingline.A.that

B.whereC.which

D.when【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：自動(dòng)駕駛是一個(gè)中國(guó)和世界其它國(guó)家都在同一起跑線的領(lǐng)域。句中先行詞為area，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where，相當(dāng)于inwhich。故選B。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查定語從句。定語從句是高考重點(diǎn)考查知識(shí)之一，分析定語從句需抓住兩點(diǎn)：1.找準(zhǔn)先行詞。2.看先行詞在從句中所作的成分。抓住這兩點(diǎn)，再根據(jù)句意，從而能夠判斷出正確的關(guān)系詞。24.It’s

strange

that

he

_______have

taken

the

books

without

the

owner’s

permission.A.would

B.shouldC.could

D.might【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：真奇怪，他竟然沒有主人的允許就拿走了這些書。在句型”Itisimportant/necessary/strange/impossible/naturalthat...”中，其中由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句通常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，其中的should可以省略。故選B。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查虛擬語氣。Itisimportant/necessary/strange/impossible/naturalthat...主語從句多數(shù)情況下用虛擬語氣，表達(dá)一種要求、命令或者責(zé)備、建議或主觀看法。但是如果只是表示陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)而不是強(qiáng)烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陳述語氣。試比較：Itisstrangethathehadmadeamistake.（陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)：他犯了錯(cuò)誤讓人有點(diǎn)奇怪。）Itisstrangethathe(should)havemadeamistake.（虛擬語氣，說話者是在責(zé)備他本不應(yīng)該犯錯(cuò)。）25.Developing

the

Yangtze

River

Economic

Belt

is

a

systematic

project

which

_______aclearroadmapandtimetable.A.calls

for

B.calls

onC.calls

off

D.calls

up【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：發(fā)展長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一項(xiàng)需要清晰的路線圖和時(shí)間表的系統(tǒng)工程。A.callsfor需要；B.callson號(hào)召；C.callsoff取消；D.callsup使想起。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。分析全句句意，再聯(lián)系所學(xué)短語就不難選出正確答案。同學(xué)平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)過程中要多注意詞匯和短語的積累，尤其是含義比較多的詞匯和短語。26.Around

13,500

new

jobs

were

created

during

the

period,_______the

expected

numberof12,000held

bymarket

analysts.A.having

exceeded

B.to

exceedC.exceeded

D.exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在這期間，大約創(chuàng)造13,500個(gè)新的工作，超過市場(chǎng)分析師持有的12,000的預(yù)期數(shù)量。分析全句可知，這里指前一件事情所帶來自然而然的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞主要有動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞形式。havingexceeded強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間先后，指的是此動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞create的動(dòng)作之前；toexceed表示將要超出；exceeded過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。分析句意可知，這里用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。27.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI

_______asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.A.had

B.willhaveC.wouldhavehad

D.havehad【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：在這個(gè)村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有機(jī)會(huì)去更多的參與。本題考查wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，所以從句用一般過去時(shí)。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣。由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣：1．用wish表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的愿望時(shí)，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞形式為：過去式（be動(dòng)詞用were）。2．用wish表示對(duì)將來的愿望時(shí)，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞形式為：would,could,might+動(dòng)詞原形。3．wish用于對(duì)過去的事實(shí)表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時(shí)，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞形式為：had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞或could,would+have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞。分析此題需抓住前句Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可以判斷出此題wish用于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。28.—You

know

what?

I’ve

got

a

New

Year

concert

ticket.—Oh,_______You’re

kidding.A.so

what?

B.go

ahead.C.come

on.

D.whatfor?【答案】C【解析】考查交際用語。句意：——你知道是什么嗎？我已經(jīng)得到一張新年音樂會(huì)的票了。——哦，得了吧，你開玩笑的吧。A.sowhat?那又怎么樣？B.goahead.去吧。C.comeon.得了吧。D.whatfor?為什么？交際用語中comeon表示“得了吧！算了吧！”，用來指責(zé)別人或表示不耐煩。故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查交際用語。對(duì)于交際用語的考查，首先平時(shí)要多積累常用的交際用語，盡量避免漢語式的表達(dá)。解題時(shí)要在上下文中進(jìn)行，特別要注意與語境語義的聯(lián)系。本題選項(xiàng)中的comeon.是大家熟悉的交際用語，我們常見的含義有：①加油?、谮s快！(用于催促別人快點(diǎn))③趕快！(用于催促別人快點(diǎn))但這些含義與本題都無關(guān)。所以我們要多積累，多了解短語在不同交際用語中的不同用法。29._______you

can

sleep

well,

you

will

lose

the

ability

to

focus,

plan

and

staymotivated

afteroneor

two

nights.A.Once

B.UnlessC.If

D.When【答案】B【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：除非你睡得好，否則一兩個(gè)晚上之后，你會(huì)失去專注、計(jì)劃和保持動(dòng)力的能力。A.Once一旦；B.Unless除非；C.If如果；D.When當(dāng)……時(shí)候。故選B。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查連詞辨析。解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別，再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷，從而選出正確答案。30.I

was

sent

to

the

village

last

month

to

see

how

the

development

plan

_______in

the

pasttwoyears.A.had

been

carried

out

B.wouldbecarriedoutC.is

being

carried

out

D.hasbeencarriedout【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：上個(gè)月我被派到村里去看看在過去的兩年里發(fā)展計(jì)劃是如何執(zhí)行的。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語lastmonth和inthepasttwoyears可知用過去完成時(shí)。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中包含的時(shí)間狀語是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類題，一定要注意題中有沒有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語可以看出正確答案。本題的關(guān)鍵在于抓住題干中的兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語lastmonth和inthepasttwoyears，從而得出答案。31.Hopefully

in

2025

we

will

no

longer

be

e-mailing

each

other,for

we_______moreconvenientelectroniccommunication

tools

by

then.A.havedeveloped

B.had

developedC.will

have

developed

D.developed【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：希望在2025年，我們不再互相發(fā)電子郵件，因?yàn)榈侥菚r(shí)候我們將開發(fā)更方便的電子通信工具。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in2025，可知用將來時(shí)；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語bythen到那時(shí)，可知用完成時(shí)。結(jié)合兩者可知用將來完成時(shí)。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中包含的時(shí)間狀語是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類題，一定要注意題中有沒有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語可以看出正確答案。本題的關(guān)鍵在于抓住題干中的兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語in2025和bythen，從而得出答案。32.Try

to

understand

what’s

actuallyhappeninginsteadofactingonthe_______you’vemade.A.assignment

B.associationC.acquisition

D.assumption【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：試著去理解實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假設(shè)行事。A.assignment分配；B.association交往；C.acquisition獲得；D.assumption假設(shè)。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查名詞辨析。名詞考查是高考重點(diǎn)考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。本題抓住句中的關(guān)鍵詞actuallyhappening實(shí)際發(fā)生和insteadof而不是，可知是假設(shè)，從而選出正確答案。33.China’ssoft

power

grows

_______the

increasing

appreciation

and

understandingofChinaglobally.A.inlinewith

B.inreplytoC.inreturnfor

D.inhonourof【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：中國(guó)的軟實(shí)力增長(zhǎng)與日俱增全球?qū)χ袊?guó)的賞識(shí)和理解相一致。A.inlinewith按照；與...一致；B.inreplyto答復(fù)；C.inreturnfor作為...的報(bào)酬；D.inhonourof為紀(jì)念。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：本題側(cè)重考查在特定的語境中辨析介詞短語的能力?？忌綍r(shí)在學(xué)習(xí)中多積累之外還需要充分利用特定語境理解詞義，還應(yīng)注意多辨析意思相近的介詞短語，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注他們用法上的區(qū)別。34.Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageris_______toinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.A.keen

B.reluctantC.anxious

D.ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：盡管旅館服務(wù)不好，經(jīng)理還不愿投入為員工提供足夠的培訓(xùn)。A.keen敏銳的；B.reluctant不情愿的；C.anxious渴望的；D.ready準(zhǔn)備好的。故選B。點(diǎn)睛：本題側(cè)重考查在特定的語境中辨析形容詞詞義的能力。因此，考生必須充分利用這一特定語境。同時(shí)，考生應(yīng)注意多積累由形容詞組成的固定短語。本題中4個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中都可以與to連用。bekeento渴望；bereluctantto不情愿做；beanxiousto急于；bereadyto樂意，再分析句意可以得出答案。35.—Whathappened?Yourbossseemsto_______.—Didn’t

you

know

his

secretary

leaked

the

secret

report

to

the

press?A.be

over

the

moon

B.laugh

his

head

offC.be

all

ears

D.fly

off

the

handle【答案】D【解析】考查習(xí)慣用語。句意：——發(fā)生什么了？你老板看起來勃然大怒?！汶y道不知道他的秘書把秘密報(bào)告泄露給新聞界了嗎？A.beoverthemoon非常高興；B.laughhisheadoff笑的要死；C.beallears洗耳恭聽；D.flyoffthehandle勃然大怒。故選D。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查習(xí)慣用語。英語習(xí)語是英語中使用最普遍、表達(dá)力最強(qiáng)、文化內(nèi)涵最豐富的一部分，包括成語、諺語、格言、典故、俚語、俗語、歇后語等，是英語語言的精粹。同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)過程中準(zhǔn)確掌握英語中的習(xí)語，能幫助同學(xué)們深刻理解英語詞匯中的文化內(nèi)涵及文化差異，從而更加準(zhǔn)確、傳神地使用英語。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen___36___topaylawyers’fees.Tomakemattersworse,Mothwasdiagnosed（診斷）witha____37____disease.Therewasno____38____,onlypainrelief.Failingtofindanyotherwayout,theydecidedtomakea___39___4___40___journey,astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.Thiswasalongjourneyofunaccustomedhardshipand____41____recovery.Whenleavinghome,RaynorandMothhadjust￡320inthebank.Theyplannedtokeepthe____42____lowbylivingonboilednoodles,withthe____43____hamburgershoptreat.Wildcampingis____44____inEngland.Toavoidbeingcaught,theWinnshadtogettheirtentup____45____andpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalot_____46_____thantheyrememberitwasintheir20s.Raynor_____47_____alloveranddesiredabath.Moth,meanwhile,afteraninitial_____48_____,foundhissymptomswerestrangely_____49_____bytheirdailytiringjourney.____50____,thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter,withre-foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad_____51_____forever."Ourhairwasfriedandfallingout,nailsbroken,clothes_____52_____toathread,butwewerealive."Duringthejourney,Raynorbeganacareerasanaturewriter.Shewrites,"_____53_____hadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare,anemptypageattheendofa(n)_____54_____writtenbook.Ithadalsogivenmea_____55_____,eithertoleavethatpage_____56_____ortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.Ichosehope.”36.A.drawnup

B.usedup

C.backedup

D.keptup37.A.mild

B.common

C.preventable

D.serious38.A.cure

B.luck

C.care

D.promise39.A.business

B.walking

C.bus

D.rail40.A.expected

B.frightening

C.disappointing

D.surprising41.A.budget

B.revenue

C.compensation

D.allowance42.A.frequent

B.occasional

C.abundant

D.constant43.A.unpopular

B.lawful

C.attractive

D.illegal44.A.soon

B.early

C.late

D.slowly45.A.harder

B.easier

C.cheaper

D.funnier46.A.rolled

B.bled

C.ached

D.trembled47.A.struggle

B.progress

C.excitement

D.research48.A.developed

B.controlled

C.reduced

D.increased49.A.Initially

B.Eventually

C.Temporarily

D.Consequently50.A.gained

B.kept

C.wounded

D.lost51.A.sewn

B.washed

C.worn

D.ironed52.A.Doctors

B.Hiking

C.Lawyers

D.Homelessness53.A.well

B.partly

C.neatly

D.originally54.A.choice

B.reward

C.promise

D.break55.A.loose

B.full

C.blank

D.missing【答案】36.B

37.D

38.A

39.B

40.D

41.A

42.B

43.D

44.C

45.A

46.C

47.A

48.C

49.B

50.D

51.C

52.D

53.B

54.A

55.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Winn夫婦投資失敗變得一無所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被診斷為重疾。然而他們沒有放棄，決定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的癥狀漸漸減少了，夫婦二人變得越來越強(qiáng)壯了，妻子也開始了自然作家的生涯。36.考查動(dòng)詞短語以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.drawnup起草；B.usedup用光；C.backedup擁堵；D.keptup保持。根據(jù)后面的topaylawyers’fees.提示可知，他們的積蓄都用光了。故選B。37.考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.mild

溫和的；B.common共同的；C.preventable可預(yù)防的；D.serious嚴(yán)重的。根據(jù)后句Therewasno

38

,onlypainrelief.可知，Moth被診斷為嚴(yán)重的疾病。故選D。38.考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.cure對(duì)策；B.luck幸運(yùn)；C.care關(guān)心；D.promise諾言。名詞cure在這里表示“治療的方法”。沒有任何治療的方法，只有止疼。故選A。39.考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.business事務(wù)；B.walking走；C.bus公交；D.rail欄桿。根據(jù)后句astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他們決定作一次徒步旅行。故選B。40.考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.expected預(yù)期的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.surprising令人驚訝的。這是一次漫長(zhǎng)的旅程，經(jīng)歷了不尋常的艱苦和驚人的恢復(fù)。故選D。41.考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.budget預(yù)算；B.revenue稅收；C.compensation

賠償；D.allowance津貼。他們計(jì)劃靠吃煮面條來維持低預(yù)算。故選A。42.考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.frequent頻繁的；B.occasional偶爾的；C.abundant大量的；D.constant不斷的。偶爾到漢堡包店款待。故選B。43.考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.unpopular不受歡迎的；B.lawful合法的；C.attractive

吸引人的；D.illegal非法的。根據(jù)后句Toavoidbeingcaught,可知，在英國(guó)，野營(yíng)是非法的。故選D。44.考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.soon不久；B.early早的；C.late遲的；D.slowly慢慢地。根據(jù)后句andpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.中的early提示可知，他們不得不晚些時(shí)候把帳篷搭起來。故選C。45.考查形容詞比較級(jí)以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.harder更難的；B.easier更容易的；C.cheaper更便宜的；D.funnier可笑的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，Winns夫婦很快發(fā)現(xiàn)在他們50多歲的每日徒步旅行要比他們所記的在他們20多歲的每日徒步旅行要艱難的很多。故選A。46.考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.rolled滾動(dòng)；B.bled流血；C.ached疼；D.trembled發(fā)抖。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，Raynor渾身疼。故選C。47.考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.struggle斗爭(zhēng)；B.progress進(jìn)展；C.excitement激動(dòng)；D.research研究。經(jīng)過最初的與病魔作斗爭(zhēng)。故選A。48.考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.developed發(fā)展；B.controlled控制；C.reduced減少；D.increased增加。發(fā)現(xiàn)他的癥狀不可思議的減少了。故選C。49.考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.Initially起初；B.Eventually最終；C.Temporarily臨時(shí)地；D.Consequently因此。最終，這對(duì)夫婦發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的身體變好了。故選B。50.考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.gained獲得；B.kept保持；C.wounded受傷；D.lost失去。根據(jù)前句withre-foundstrongmuscles可知他們?cè)詾橛肋h(yuǎn)失去的強(qiáng)壯的肌肉又再現(xiàn)了。故選D。51.考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.sewn縫；B.washed洗；C.worn穿破；D.ironed熨。這里指他們的衣服破成了線狀物。故選C。52.考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.

Doctors醫(yī)生；B.Hiking徒步旅行；C.Lawyers律師；D.Homelessness無家可歸。無家可歸奪走了我所有的物質(zhì)。故選D。53.考查副詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.well好；B.partly部分地；C.neatly整潔地；D.originally起初。在寫已好書中的部分，最后有一頁空白頁。故選B。54.考查名詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.choice選擇；B.reward報(bào)酬；C.promise許諾；

D.break休息。根據(jù)后句eithertoleavethatpage

55

ortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.中either…or…可知這里是一種選擇。它也給我一種選擇。故選A。55.考查形容詞以及對(duì)語境的理解。A.loose寬松的；B.full滿的；C.blank空白的；D.missing失蹤的。根據(jù)前文中anemptypageattheendofa(n)

53

writtenbook.可知要么留下那頁空白，要么繼續(xù)寫著希望的故事。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：本篇完形填空講述了一個(gè)勵(lì)志故事，傳遞出面對(duì)人生逆境樂觀以對(duì)的人生態(tài)度。題目難度屬于中等?？忌枵J(rèn)真閱讀短文，仔細(xì)審題，注意抓住故事情節(jié)，理解文章脈絡(luò)，領(lǐng)會(huì)作者的寫作意圖，注重語境的理解，前后句之間的聯(lián)系，在語境中斟酌所選的答案。第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheMetropolitanMuseumofArt1000FifthAvenueNewYork,NY10028211-535-7710EntrancesFifthAvenueat82ndStreetHoursOpen7daysaweek.Sunday-Thursday10:00-17:30FridayandSaturday10:00-21:00ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMay.Admission$25.00recommendedforadults,$12.00recommendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊）onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.FreewithAdmissionAllspecialexhibitions,aswellasfilms,lectures,guidedtours,concerts,gallerytalks,andfamily/children'sprogramsarefreewithadmission.Askabouttoday'sactivitiesattheGreatHallInformationDesk.TheCloistersMuseumandGardensTheCloistersmuseumandgardensisabranchofTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdevotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.Hours:Open7daysaweek.March-October10:00-17:15November-February10:00-16:45ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,andJanuary1.56.Howmuchmaytheypayifan11-year-oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?A.$12.

B.$37.C.$50.

D.$6257.TheattractionoftheCloistersmuseumandgardensliesinthefactthat________.A.itopensalltheyearroundB.itscollectionsdatefromtheMiddleAgesC.ithasamodernEuropean-stylegardenD.itsellsexcellentEuropeanglasscollections【答案】56.C

57.B【解析】本文為旅游指南。文章主要介紹了TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt的地理位置，開放時(shí)間，門票收取，展出內(nèi)容以及分館TheCloistersMuseumandGardens的相關(guān)情況。56.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)admission部分$25recommendedforadults，$12recommendedforstudents，freeforchildrenunder12withanadult可知11歲的女孩和她父母去參觀博物館只需付兩個(gè)成人的票價(jià)即25×2=50，故答案為C。57.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheCloistersMuseumandGardens部分theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.可以得知，TheCloistersMuseumandGardens的吸引人的地方在于它的中古時(shí)期的收藏品，故選B。點(diǎn)睛：文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對(duì)應(yīng)，一目了然。屬于淺層次的閱讀試題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較少。（2）語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上從分運(yùn)用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的另類表達(dá)。屬于中檔難度題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較大。（3）語意理解型。這是一類深層事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上通過上、下文來進(jìn)行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。屬于較高難度的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。（4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，出題形式常常是“三正一誤”(三項(xiàng)正確，只有一項(xiàng)不符合原文內(nèi)容)或“三誤一正”（三項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，只有一項(xiàng)符合原文內(nèi)容)。（5）事實(shí)排序型。這是一類運(yùn)用多項(xiàng)事實(shí)進(jìn)行排序的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，要求根據(jù)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序、時(shí)間順序或者句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出時(shí)間發(fā)生，發(fā)展的正確順序。本題中兩題皆為細(xì)節(jié)理解題，其中第一題為語義理解題，根據(jù)文章中admission部分的信息，通過計(jì)算很容易得出答案。而第二題也屬于語義理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分中theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.可以推出其收藏品主要是中國(guó)時(shí)期的。BInthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,nonethewiser—theydidn’tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—"bad"tables,crowding.highprices—don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor,say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot"beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables,"giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.58.Theunderlinedphrase"nonethewiser"inparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere.A.notawareofeatingmorethanusualB.notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC.notconsciousofthefoodqualityD.notfondofthefoodprovided59.Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A.Playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.C.Makingthelightbrighter,D.Usingplatesoflargersize.60.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A.Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B.Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C.Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D.Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.【答案】58.A

59.A

60.D【解析】本文為議論文，介紹了現(xiàn)代餐館面臨的經(jīng)營(yíng)困境和解決方案，介紹了刺激消費(fèi)和食欲的幾種方法，以及人們對(duì)餐廳就餐的一些錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí)。58.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段劃線部分的前句theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,可知在黑暗中，他們說不清自己吃了多少，再根據(jù)劃線后的句子theydidn’tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.可知他們雖然吃得很多，但并沒有感覺更飽，仍然在等著吃甜點(diǎn)，所以他們沒有意識(shí)到自己吃多了，所以A正確。59.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特）可知，要想讓客人呆的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該播放莫扎特等古典音樂而不是流行音樂。Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草）stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.引入薰衣草香而不是檸檬香，而D項(xiàng)文章沒有提及，所以用排除方法可以選A。60.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—"bad"tables,crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.可知你認(rèn)為可能會(huì)影響人們消費(fèi)的因素如不好的桌子，擁擠以及高價(jià)等不一定會(huì)真影響人們的消費(fèi)，然后依次舉例進(jìn)行了證明，所以本段主要講的是人們對(duì)于飯店的幾個(gè)誤解，故選D。點(diǎn)睛：概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動(dòng)詞或反映人物特點(diǎn)的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點(diǎn)才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。此時(shí)，要注意一些轉(zhuǎn)折詞，如but,yet,however,although,inspiteof,bycontrast,onthecontrary等。當(dāng)文章中表示相反的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，往往用到這些詞。答題時(shí)要弄清哪個(gè)是作者的觀點(diǎn)，排除迷惑性信息，準(zhǔn)確歸納主旨大意。本題的最后一題是主旨大意類，要求概括本段的主旨大意，根據(jù)尋找主旨大意的方法，通過閱讀第一句話可以簡(jiǎn)單地總結(jié)出主旨大意為人們對(duì)于飯店的幾個(gè)誤解。在通過閱讀下文可以找到支持這一觀點(diǎn)的例子，因此可以確定主旨大意。CIfyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you'dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies.Butinagriculture,smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.Byconnectingdirectlywithcustomers,andbyrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarketsaswellasintheecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)),smallfarmerscankeeponestepaheadofthebigguys.Astheco-founderoftheNationalYoungFarmersCoalition(NYFC,美國(guó)青年農(nóng)會(huì))andafamilyfarmermyself.Ihaveafront-rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.Forexample,taketheQuickCutGreensHarvester,atooldevelopedjustacoupleofyearsagobyayoungfarmer,JonathanDysinger,inTennessee,withasmallloanfromalocalSlowMoneygroup.Itenablessmall-scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour—ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand—suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.Beforethetoolcameout,smallfarmerscouldn'ttouchthepriceperpoundofferedbyCaliforniafarms.Butnow,withthecombinationofabetterpricepointandagenerallyfresherproduct,theycanstayinbusiness.Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,won'thappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.Onecrucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.Competitionfrominvestors,developers,andestablishedlargefarmersmakesowningone'sownlandunattainableformanynewfarmers.From2004to2013,agriculturallandvaluesdoubled,andtheycontinuetoriseinmanyregions.Anotherchallengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarmworkersandmanagersisanon-existentpathtocitizenship—thegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.Withfarmersovertheageof65outnumbering(多于）farmersyoungerthan35bysixtoone,andwithtwo-thirdsofthenation'sfarmlandinneedofanewfarmer,wemustclearthepathfortalentedpeoplewillingtogrowthenation'sfood.Therearesolutionsthatcouldlightapathtowardamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy,butfarmerscan'tclumsilyputthemtogetherbeforeus.WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmlandconservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmsfromallbackgrounds.WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress,consumersmusttakeastandwithyoungfarmers.61.Theauthormentionscarindustryatthebeginningofthepassagetointroduce.A.theprogressmadeincarindustryB.aspecialfeatureofagricultureC.atrendofdevelopmentinagricultureD.theimportanceofinvestingincarindustry62.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratewiththeexampleinparagraph2?A.Loanstosmalllocalfarmersarenecessary.B.Technologyisvitalforagriculturaldevelopment.C.CompetitionbetweensmallandbigfarmsisfierceD.Smallfarmersmaygainsomeadvantagesoverbigones.63.Whatisthedifficultyforthosenewfamers?A.Togainmorefinancialaid.B.Tohiregoodfarmmanagers.C.Tohavefarmsoftheirown.D.Towinoldfarmers’support.64.Whatshouldfarmersdoforamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy?A.SeeksupportbeyondNYFC.B.Expandfarmlandconservation.C.BecomemembersofNYFC.D.Investmoretoimprovetechnology.【答案】61.B

62.D

63.C

64.A【解析】本文為說明文，文章主要分析了美國(guó)小農(nóng)場(chǎng)的特點(diǎn)及目前美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)所面臨的問題。61.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句話Ifyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you'dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies.可知一般人不可能影響到汽車工業(yè)，而根據(jù)第二句話的but可知農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)是不同的，接下來就介紹了農(nóng)業(yè)不同于工業(yè)的地方，故B正確。62.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句Itenablessmall-scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour—ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand—suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.可以看出新農(nóng)具的發(fā)明使得工作效率提高，使得小農(nóng)民可以跟大農(nóng)場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，再根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知他們的價(jià)格更優(yōu)惠，產(chǎn)品更新鮮使得農(nóng)民更有優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選D。63.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句話Anotherchallengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarmworkersandmanagersisanon-existentpathtocitizenship—thegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.可知，新農(nóng)民面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是無法獲得公民身份，因此不能建設(shè)自己的農(nóng)場(chǎng)，故選C。64.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmlandconservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmsfromallbackgrounds.可知NYFC需要廣泛的支持，包括要求議會(huì)增加農(nóng)田保護(hù)，推動(dòng)移民改革，探尋政策確保不同背景的新農(nóng)民的成功等，所以為了保證農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)民需要尋求NYFC以外的很多方面的支持。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：根據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，推斷合理信息。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，作出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說，要做到判斷有據(jù),推論有理,忠實(shí)原文。切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論。本題中的第二小題是推理判斷題，即根據(jù)例子判斷作者想要解釋什么，根據(jù)原文根據(jù)文章第二段可知一位年輕的農(nóng)民發(fā)明了一件新農(nóng)具，再根據(jù)第二句Itenablessmall-scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhour—ahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhand—suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittle