英語(yǔ)中的省略(課堂)課件

Ellipsis省略1Ellipsis省略1groupworkdiscussexercises2onpage37ingroups2groupworkdiscussexercises2ComparethefollowingsentencesYoucangetburnedbyhotliquidsandyoucangetburnedbysteam.Youcangetburnedbyhotliquidsandstem.Tieabandagefirmlyovertheburntarea,whenabandageisnecessary.Tieabandagefirmlyovertheburntarea,whennecessary.3ComparethefollowingsentenceTheseburnsarenotseriousandtheyshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwodays.Theseburnsarenotseriousandshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwo.Theseburnsaffectthetoplayeroftheskinandtheyalsoaffectthesecondlayeroftheskin.Theseburnsaffectthetopandthesecondlayeroftheskin.Comparethefollowingsentences4TheseburnsarenotseriousanFirstdegreeburnsturnwhitewhentheyarepressed.Firstdegreeburnsturnwhitewhenpressed.Comparethefollowingsentences5FirstdegreeburnsturnwhiteThedifference:TherearelotsofrepeatedwordsandphrasesinSentenceA.SentenceBisbetterbecause:Itdoesn’thaveunnecessaryrepetitionsinitItiseasiertounderstandItsoundsmuchlessawkwardthanSentenceA.6Thedifference:TherearelotsEllipsis省略7Ellipsis省略7WhatisEllipsis?theactofleavingoutawordorwordsfromasentencedeliberately,whenthemeaningcanbeunderstoodwithoutthem.為了使語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔或避免重復(fù)，省略句中的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)句子成分，這種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象成為省略8WhatisEllipsis?theactofleHowareyou?Fine,thankyou!Andyou?Iamfine.Ithankyou,Andhowareyou?Nicetomeetyou!Itisnicetomeetyou!Gladtoseeyou!Iamgladtoseeyou!Ok!Great!Wonderful!(Isit)Really?9Howareyou?9FindoutsentenceswithellipsisfromtheWarmingupandtheReadingOftentheillnessorinjuryisnotserious,butthereareothertimeswhen(theillnessotinjuryisseriousand)givingfirstaidquicklycansavelives.Burnsarecalledfirst(degreeburns),second(degreeburns)orthirddegreeburns,…Theseaffectsboththetop(layeroftheskin)andthesecondlayeroftheskin.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessary…10FindoutsentenceswithellipsDifferentformsofellipsisellipsisinsimplesentence簡(jiǎn)單句省略ellipsisincompoundsentence并列句省略ellipsisincomplexsentence復(fù)合句省略ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”不定式省略11DifferentformsofellipsisellellipsisinsimplesentenceGladtoseeyou.Hopetohearfromyou.Happynewyear.—Thesametoyou.Nicedayagain.日常生活中的省略(You)Openthedoor.(Youmust)Becareful!/Lookout!祈使句中省略，常省略主語(yǔ)12ellipsisinsimplesentenceGlaellipsisinsimplesentence—Areyouastudent?—Yes,Iam(astudent).—Please(you)payspecialattentiontothesevaluableflowers.—OK,Iwill(payspecialattentiontothose…).—Johnboughtanewcar.—When(didhebuythenewcar)?回應(yīng)對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話，省略重復(fù)內(nèi)容13ellipsisinsimplesentence—AellipsisinsimplesentenceWhatacleverkid(heis)!Howbeautiful(thesceneis)!Excellent!/Wonderful!感嘆句中的省略，突出感嘆部分I’msixteen(yearsold).It’sten(o’clock)now.年齡或鐘點(diǎn)中，省略和年齡或鐘點(diǎn)相關(guān)的詞14ellipsisinsimplesentenceWhaellipsisincompoundsentence在并列句中如果后面分句與前面分句有相同的成分，常省略以避免重復(fù)。It’sinterestingthatsomeoftheflowersareyellowandsome(oftheflowersare)white.Shecouldhaveappliedforthatjobbutshedidn’t(applyforthejob).Iworkedinafactoryandmybrother(worked)onafarm.Myroomisonthesecondflourandhis(roomis)onthethird(flour).15ellipsisincompoundsentence在詞性不同不可以省略IwasallowedtogoabroadandIwashappy.Themanhasapianoandhehasplayeditmanytimes.IdidmyhomeworkyesterdayandIdidnotfinishit.ellipsisincompoundsentence16詞性不同不可以省略ellipsisincompoundellipsisincomplexsentenceThefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.Theperson(whom)youtalkedwithjustnowismyteacher.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。Ithink(that)Englishisaneasysubject.Iknow(that)sheisateacherandthatsheisanexcellentwriter.賓語(yǔ)從句中連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中that可以省略17ellipsisincomplexsentenceThellipsisincomplexsentence狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞beIfinvited,Iwillgotohisparty.(IfIaminvited)Thoughyoung,heknowsalotofthings.(Thoughheisyoung)Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou’llregret.While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.Helookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.Heopenedhislipsasif(hewas)tospeak.18ellipsisincomplexsentence狀語(yǔ)ellipsisincomplexsentence當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以把it和be一起省略，構(gòu)成連詞（if,unless,when,etc.)+adj.Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.Removeclothingusingscissorsif(itis)necessary.Keepthemhigherthantheheart,if(itis)possible.19ellipsisincomplexsentence當(dāng)從ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”省略to保留to，省略其后部分20ellipsisinsentencewith“to在動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,observe,lookat,make,have,hear,listento,feel等后的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，省略不定式符號(hào)to。但是如果變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，to必須加上Thebossmadehismenworkeighteenhoursaday.Tomwasmadetowashthedishesforaweekasapunishment.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”21在動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,observe兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式由連詞（and,but,or,than等）連接時(shí)，從第二個(gè)不定式起，一般省略不定式符號(hào)to，但如果強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比之意時(shí)不省略。Idon’tknowwhethertostayor(to)leave.Thestudentsaretaughttoread,(to)write,and(to)domanyotherthings.It’smoredifficulttodothantosay.Theteachercamenottopunishyoubuttohelpyou.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”22兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式由連詞（and,but,or,在…donothingbut/exceptdo…結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞but或except后作賓語(yǔ)的不定式，如果前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，省略不定式符號(hào)to，若前面沒有do，而是其他的動(dòng)詞，一般不省。Thelittleboydidnothingbutcry.Thereisnothingtodoexceptwaittillitstopsraining.Ineverycoldweather,thehibernatinganimalshad

nochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”23在…donothingbut/exceptdo…結(jié)構(gòu)在一些類似情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組hadbetter/wouldrather/ratherthan/can‘tbut/can’thelpbut等之后，省略不定式符號(hào)to.Jackwouldratherreadthantalk.You’dbetterputonmoreclothes,oryou'llcatchabadcold.Shedarestogotothelonelyislandbyherself.Ican’tbutadmireherbravery.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”24在一些類似情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組hadbetter/wouldr一些表示心理活動(dòng),情感態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ),如expect/want/hope/wish/love/hate/decide/plan/mean/try/wouldlike/beready/beafraid/beglad/bepleased/bedelighted等后,動(dòng)詞不定式省略to后面的動(dòng)詞部分,但保留to.

Iaskedhimtoseethefilm,buthedidn’twantto.—Willyougowithme—Well,I’dliketo./I’mgladto.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”25一些表示心理活動(dòng),情感態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ),如expect/w在一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞oughtto/haveto/usedto/beableto后省略to后面的成分，保留to—MustIgonow—No.Youdon’thaveto.—Areyouplanningtoseeyourgrandfather？

—No.ButIoughtto.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”26在一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞oughtto/haveto/單選填空：1.Myuncle’shouseinthedowntownareaismuchsmallerthanours,butitistwice______expensive.A.as B.soC.too D.verybutitistwiceasexpensiveasours2.Youcanonlybesureof______youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething______youmightgetinthefuture.A.that,what B.what/不填C.which,that D.不填/that你只能確定你目前所擁有的，你不能確定未有可能擁有的。AB27單選填空：AB273.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless______everyday.A.watered B.wateringC.water D.towater4.Hehasn’tturnedupatthepartysofar.Well,he_______.A.should B.oughttoC.oughttogo D.oughttohaveHeoughttohaveturnedupattheparty. 6.Inmyopinion,theideaofafamilyismuchnarrowerthan_______.A.thatusedtobe B.itusedtoC.itwasusedto D.itusedtobeADD283.Theflowershisfriendgave7.Heisalwaysthinkingmoreofhimself,seldom,__________,offeringtohelpothers.A.ifnever B.ifeverC.ifpossible D.ifanyifheeverofferstohelpothers8.Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnot_____fromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.A.beingtired B.tiringC.tired D.tobetired9.Jane,let’sgooutforawalkaftersupper._______likeagoodidea.A.Sounds B.SoundedC.Sounding D.SoundBCA297.Heisalwaysthinkingmore10.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_______,but__________________.A.cheaper;notasbetterB.morecheap;notasbeforeC.cheaper;notasgoodD.morecheap;notasgood另一家商店的鋼琴會(huì)便宜些，但不如這家商店的鋼琴好。Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaperthanthisshop,buttheyarenotasgoodastheonesinthisshop.C3010.ThepianointheothershoEllipsis省略31Ellipsis省略1groupworkdiscussexercises2onpage37ingroups32groupworkdiscussexercises2ComparethefollowingsentencesYoucangetburnedbyhotliquidsandyoucangetburnedbysteam.Youcangetburnedbyhotliquidsandstem.Tieabandagefirmlyovertheburntarea,whenabandageisnecessary.Tieabandagefirmlyovertheburntarea,whennecessary.33ComparethefollowingsentenceTheseburnsarenotseriousandtheyshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwodays.Theseburnsarenotseriousandshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwo.Theseburnsaffectthetoplayeroftheskinandtheyalsoaffectthesecondlayeroftheskin.Theseburnsaffectthetopandthesecondlayeroftheskin.Comparethefollowingsentences34TheseburnsarenotseriousanFirstdegreeburnsturnwhitewhentheyarepressed.Firstdegreeburnsturnwhitewhenpressed.Comparethefollowingsentences35FirstdegreeburnsturnwhiteThedifference:TherearelotsofrepeatedwordsandphrasesinSentenceA.SentenceBisbetterbecause:Itdoesn’thaveunnecessaryrepetitionsinitItiseasiertounderstandItsoundsmuchlessawkwardthanSentenceA.36Thedifference:TherearelotsEllipsis省略37Ellipsis省略7WhatisEllipsis?theactofleavingoutawordorwordsfromasentencedeliberately,whenthemeaningcanbeunderstoodwithoutthem.為了使語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔或避免重復(fù)，省略句中的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)句子成分，這種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象成為省略38WhatisEllipsis?theactofleHowareyou?Fine,thankyou!Andyou?Iamfine.Ithankyou,Andhowareyou?Nicetomeetyou!Itisnicetomeetyou!Gladtoseeyou!Iamgladtoseeyou!Ok!Great!Wonderful!(Isit)Really?39Howareyou?9FindoutsentenceswithellipsisfromtheWarmingupandtheReadingOftentheillnessorinjuryisnotserious,butthereareothertimeswhen(theillnessotinjuryisseriousand)givingfirstaidquicklycansavelives.Burnsarecalledfirst(degreeburns),second(degreeburns)orthirddegreeburns,…Theseaffectsboththetop(layeroftheskin)andthesecondlayeroftheskin.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessary…40FindoutsentenceswithellipsDifferentformsofellipsisellipsisinsimplesentence簡(jiǎn)單句省略ellipsisincompoundsentence并列句省略ellipsisincomplexsentence復(fù)合句省略ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”不定式省略41DifferentformsofellipsisellellipsisinsimplesentenceGladtoseeyou.Hopetohearfromyou.Happynewyear.—Thesametoyou.Nicedayagain.日常生活中的省略(You)Openthedoor.(Youmust)Becareful!/Lookout!祈使句中省略，常省略主語(yǔ)42ellipsisinsimplesentenceGlaellipsisinsimplesentence—Areyouastudent?—Yes,Iam(astudent).—Please(you)payspecialattentiontothesevaluableflowers.—OK,Iwill(payspecialattentiontothose…).—Johnboughtanewcar.—When(didhebuythenewcar)?回應(yīng)對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話，省略重復(fù)內(nèi)容43ellipsisinsimplesentence—AellipsisinsimplesentenceWhatacleverkid(heis)!Howbeautiful(thesceneis)!Excellent!/Wonderful!感嘆句中的省略，突出感嘆部分I’msixteen(yearsold).It’sten(o’clock)now.年齡或鐘點(diǎn)中，省略和年齡或鐘點(diǎn)相關(guān)的詞44ellipsisinsimplesentenceWhaellipsisincompoundsentence在并列句中如果后面分句與前面分句有相同的成分，常省略以避免重復(fù)。It’sinterestingthatsomeoftheflowersareyellowandsome(oftheflowersare)white.Shecouldhaveappliedforthatjobbutshedidn’t(applyforthejob).Iworkedinafactoryandmybrother(worked)onafarm.Myroomisonthesecondflourandhis(roomis)onthethird(flour).45ellipsisincompoundsentence在詞性不同不可以省略IwasallowedtogoabroadandIwashappy.Themanhasapianoandhehasplayeditmanytimes.IdidmyhomeworkyesterdayandIdidnotfinishit.ellipsisincompoundsentence46詞性不同不可以省略ellipsisincompoundellipsisincomplexsentenceThefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.Theperson(whom)youtalkedwithjustnowismyteacher.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。Ithink(that)Englishisaneasysubject.Iknow(that)sheisateacherandthatsheisanexcellentwriter.賓語(yǔ)從句中連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中that可以省略47ellipsisincomplexsentenceThellipsisincomplexsentence狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞beIfinvited,Iwillgotohisparty.(IfIaminvited)Thoughyoung,heknowsalotofthings.(Thoughheisyoung)Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou’llregret.While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.Helookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.Heopenedhislipsasif(hewas)tospeak.48ellipsisincomplexsentence狀語(yǔ)ellipsisincomplexsentence當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以把it和be一起省略，構(gòu)成連詞（if,unless,when,etc.)+adj.Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.Removeclothingusingscissorsif(itis)necessary.Keepthemhigherthantheheart,if(itis)possible.49ellipsisincomplexsentence當(dāng)從ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”省略to保留to，省略其后部分50ellipsisinsentencewith“to在動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,observe,lookat,make,have,hear,listento,feel等后的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，省略不定式符號(hào)to。但是如果變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，to必須加上Thebossmadehismenworkeighteenhoursaday.Tomwasmadetowashthedishesforaweekasapunishment.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”51在動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,observe兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式由連詞（and,but,or,than等）連接時(shí)，從第二個(gè)不定式起，一般省略不定式符號(hào)to，但如果強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比之意時(shí)不省略。Idon’tknowwhethertostayor(to)leave.Thestudentsaretaughttoread,(to)write,and(to)domanyotherthings.It’smoredifficulttodothantosay.Theteachercamenottopunishyoubuttohelpyou.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”52兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式由連詞（and,but,or,在…donothingbut/exceptdo…結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞but或except后作賓語(yǔ)的不定式，如果前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，省略不定式符號(hào)to，若前面沒有do，而是其他的動(dòng)詞，一般不省。Thelittleboydidnothingbutcry.Thereisnothingtodoexceptwaittillitstopsraining.Ineverycoldweather,thehibernatinganimalshad

nochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”53在…donothingbut/exceptdo…結(jié)構(gòu)在一些類似情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組hadbetter/wouldrather/ratherthan/can‘tbut/can’thelpbut等之后，省略不定式符號(hào)to.Jackwouldratherreadthantalk.You’dbetterputonmoreclothes,oryou'llcatchabadcold.Shedarestogotothelonelyislandbyherself.Ican’tbutadmireherbravery.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”54在一些類似情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組hadbetter/wouldr一些表示心理活動(dòng),情感態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ),如expect/want/hope/wish/love/hate/decide/plan/mean/try/wouldlike/beready/beafraid/beglad/bepleased/bedelighted等后,動(dòng)詞不定式省略to后面的動(dòng)詞部分,但保留to.

Iaskedhimtoseethefilm,buthedidn’twantto.—Willyougowithme—Well,I’dliketo./I’mgladto.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”55一些表示心理活動(dòng),情感態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ),如expect/w在一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞oughtto/haveto/usedto/beableto后省略to后面的成分，保留to—MustIgonow—No.Youdon’thaveto.—Areyouplanningtoseeyourgrandfather？

—No.ButIoughtto.ellipsisinsentencewith“todo”56在一