2016年MBA考研英語二真題及答案

第第頁2016考研英語二真題及答案解析SectionI

UseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。（10points）Happypeopleworkdifferently。They’remoreproductive，morecreative，andwillingtotakegreaterrisks。Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1

firmswork，too。Companieslocatedinplacewithhappierpeopleinvestmore，accordingtoarecentresearchpaper。2，firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D（researchanddevelopment）。That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking

3

formakinginvestment

forthefuture。Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe

4

andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould

5

thewaycompaniesinvested。SotheycomparedU.S。cities’averagehappiness

6

byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas。7

enough，firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8。Butitisreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment，orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities

9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D？Tofindout，theresearchescontrolledforvarious10

thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvestlikesize，industry，andsales-and-andforindicatorsthataplacewas11

tolivein，likegrowthinwagesorpopulation。Theylinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings。Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms，whichtheauthors13to“l(fā)essconfineddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceofyoungerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment?！疶herelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16。Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaces。17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview，theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility。It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture。Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward–thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage，”saidoneresearcher。1。[A]why

[B]where

[C]how

[D]when2。[A]Inreturn

[B]Inparticular

[C]Incontrast

[D]Inconclusion3。[A]sufficient

[B]famous

[C]perfect

[D]necessary4。[A]individualism

[B]modernism

[C]optimism

[D]realism5。[A]echo

[B]miss

[C]spoil

[D]change6。[A]imagined

[B]measured

[C]invented

[D]assumed7。[A]sure

[B]odd

[C]unfortunate

[D]often8。[A]advertised

[B]divided

[C]overtaxed

[D]headquartered9。[A]explain

[B]overstate

[C]summarize

[D]emphasize10。[A]stages

[B]factors

[C]levels

[D]methods11。[A]desirable

[B]sociable

[C]reputable

[D]reliable12。[A]resumed

[B]held

[C]emerged

[D]broke13。[A]attribute

[B]assign

[C]transfer

[D]compare14。[A]serious

[B]civilized

[C]ambitious

[D]experienced15。[A]thus

[B]instead

[C]also

[D]never16。[A]rapidly

[B]regularly

[C]directly

[D]equally17。[A]After

[B]Until

[C]While

[D]Since18。[A]arrives

[B]jumps

[C]hints

[D]strikes19。[A]shape

[B]rediscover

[C]simplify

[D]share20。[A]prayfor

[B]leantowards

[C]giveaway

[D]sendactSectionII

ReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts。AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD。MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。（40points）Text1It’struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren’tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceincollege。Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses，saidTomCortina，theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon’sSchoolofComputerScience。However，Cortinasaid，earlyexposureisbeneficial。Whenyoungerkidslearncomputerscience，theylearnthatit’snotjustaconfusing，endlessstringoflettersandnumbers–butatooltobuildapps，orcreateartwork，ortesthypotheses。It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents。Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal。Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap，Cortinasaid。Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege，whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim，whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway。TheFlatironSchool，wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming，startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat’sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange。Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum，but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey’reinterestedin，”saidVictoriaFriedman，aninstructor。Forinstance，oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood。ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon’tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook。Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover，sothe“RubyonRails”languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket。Buttheskillstheylearn–howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults–applytoanycodinglanguage，saidDeborahSeehorn，aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina。Indeed，theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall。Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses。Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers-intheirpockets，intheiroffices，intheirhomes–fortherestoftheirlives，Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink，howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant–theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat–thebetter。21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto_______A。completefuturejobtrainingB。remodelthewayofthinkingC。formulatelogicalhypothesesD。perfectartworkproduction22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers，F(xiàn)latironhasconsideredtheir________A。experienceB。interestC。careerprospectsD。academicbackgrounds23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill________A。helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguagesB。havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescomeC。needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobsD。enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney24.Accordingtothelastparagraph，F(xiàn)latironstudentsareexpectedto______A。bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologiesB。staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustryC。becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworldD。competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers25.Theword“coax”（Line4，Para.6）isclosestinmeaningto________A。persuadeB。frightenC。misguideD。challengeText2Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickensakindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates。Butjustsome22，000birdsremaintoday，occupyingabout16%ofthespecies‘historicrange。ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.S。FishandWildlifeService（USFWS）decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened?！癟helesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation，”saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe。Someenvironmentalists，however，weredisappointed。Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered，”astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats。ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe”threatened”taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew，potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches。Inparticular，theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments，whichareoftenuneasywithfederalaction。andwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken‘shabitat。Undertheplan，forexample，theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill，harm，ordisturbthebird，aslongastheyhadsignedarange—widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat。NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates，theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat。Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat，USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67，000birdsoverthenext10years。AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies（WAFWA），acoalitionofstateagencies，thejobofmonitoringprogress。Overall，theideaistolet“states”remaininthedriver‘sseatformanagingthespecies，”Ashesaid。Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoric。SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan，andatleastadozenindustrygroups，fourstates，andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourt。Notsurprisingly，doesn’tgofarenough?！癟hefederalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction，”saysbiologistJayLininger。26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis____。[A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners27.The“threatened”tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit_____。[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower[D]wentagainstconservationpolicies28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatunintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutedifthey_____。[A]agreetopayasumforcompensation[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations29.AccordingtoAshe，theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesin______。[A]thefederalgovernment[B]thewildlifeagencies[C]thelandowners[D]thestates30.JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport_______。[A]industrygroups[B]thewin-winrhetoric[C]environmentalgroups[D]theplanunderchallengeText3Thateveryone‘stoobusythesedaysisacliché。Butonespecificcomplaintismadeespeciallymournfully：There’sneveranytimetoread。Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon‘tseemsufficient。Theweb’sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread：“GiveupTV”or“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes?！盉utinmyexperience，usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30minutesdoesn‘twork。Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeepsspinning-orelseyou’resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook‘sthelastthingyouneed。Themodernmind，TimParks，anovelistandcritic，writes，“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted；itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption?！盌eepreadingrequiresnotjusttime，butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient。Infact，“becomingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem。Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally，judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal。Immersivereading，bycontrast，dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency，goallessness，eventime-wasting。Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemandyou‘llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful，sometimes，butnotthemostfulfillingkind?！癟hefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt，”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime，and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles（days，hours，minutes）astheypass，foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled，wewillhavewastedthem?！盢omind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook。Sowhatdoeswork？Perhapssurprisingly，schedulingregulartimesforreading。You‘dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set，butinfact，Eberlenotes，suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime。”Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysicalbooks，oronsingle-purposee-readers?！癈arryabookwithyouatalltimes”canactuallywork，too-providingyoudipinoftenenough，sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness，beforedroppingbackdown。Onareallygoodday，itnolongerfeelsasifyou‘re“makingtimetoread，”butjustreading，andmakingtimeforeverythingelse。31。Theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tworkbecause

。[A]whattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernmind[B]whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading[C]whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem[D]whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed32。The“emptybottles”metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureto

。[A]updatetheirto-dolists[B]makepassingtimefulfilling[C]carrytheirplansthrough[D]pursuecarefreereading33。Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps

。[A]encouragetheefficiencymind-set[B]developonlinereadinghabits[C]promoteritualisticreading[D]achieveimmersivereading34。“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canworkif

。[A]readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday[B]allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith[C]youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading[D]timecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandbusiness35。Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe

。[A]HowtoEnjoyEasyReading[B]HowtoFindTimetoRead[C]HowtoSetReadingGoals[D]HowtoReadExtensivelyText4Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure，youngerAmericansaredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess，alatestpollhasfound。Acrossgenerationallines，Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditionalmilestonesofasuccessfullife，includinggettingmarried，havingchildren，owningahome，andretiringintheirsixties。Butwhileyoungandoldmostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthefinishlineofafulfillinglife，theyofferstrikinglydifferentpathsforreachingit。Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultstoprioritizepersonalfulfillmentintheirwork，tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmostbyregularlychangingjobs，tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafasterpaceoflife，toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren，andtomaintainthatchildrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome，thesurveyfound。Fromcareertocommunityandfamily，thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathofthesearingGreatRecession，thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesandexpectationsthatwillincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife，fromconsumerpreferencestohousingpatternstopolitics。Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint：Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroupssaidtheybelieveitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearliergenerations。Whlieyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheireldersabouttheprospectsforthosestartingouttoday，bigmajoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgettingstartedinlife”faceatougheragood-payingjob，startingafamily，managingdebt，andfindingaffordablehousing。PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertoday。Schneider，a27-yaear-oldautotechnicianfromtheChicagosuburbssayshestruggledtofindajobaftergraduatingfromcollege。Evennowthatheisworkingsteadily，hesaid?！盜can’taffordtopaymamonthlymortgagepaymentsonmyown，soIhavetorentroomsouttopeopletomarkthathappen?！盠ookingback，heisstruckthathisparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheir

childreneventhoughneitherhadcompletedcollegewhenhewasyoung?！癐stillgrewupinanuppermiddle-classhomewithparentswhodidn’thavecollegedegrees，”Schneidersaid?！癐don’tthinkpeoplearecapableofthatanymore?！?6。Onecross-generationmarkofasuccessfullifeis

。[A]tryingoutdifferentlifestyles[B]havingafamilywithchildren[C]workingbeyondretirementage[D]settingupaprofitablebusiness37。ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendto

。[A]favoraslowerlifepace[B]holdanoccupationlonger[C]attachimportancetopre-maritalfinance[D]giveprioritytochildcareoutsidethehome38。Theprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwill

。[A]becomeincreasinglyclear[B]focusonmaterialisticissues[C]dependlargelyonpoliticalpreferences[D]reachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife39。Bothyoungandoldagreethat

。[A]good-payingjobsarelessavailable[B]theoldmademorelifeachievements[C]housingloanstodayareeasytoobtain[D]gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung40。WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutSchneider？[A]Hefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromcollege[B]Hisparentsbelieveworkingsteadilyisamustforsuccess[C]Hisparents’goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree[D]HethinkshisjobasatechnicianquitechallengingPartBDirections：ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraphs（41-45）。Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse。MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。（10points）A。Besilly

B。Havefun

C。Askforhelp

D。Expressyouremotions。E。Don’toverthinkit

F。Beeasilypleased

G。NoticethingsActYourShoeSize，NotYourAge。（1）Asadults，itseemsthatwe’reconstantlypursuinghappiness，oftenwithmixedresults。Yetchildrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthemostparttheydon’tneedself-helpbooksortherapy。Instead，theylookaftertheirwellbeinginstinctivelyandusuallymoreeffectivelythanwedoasgrownups。Perhapsit’stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthem。41___________。（2）Whatdoesachilddowhenhe’ssad？Hecries。Whenhe’sangry？Heshouts。Scared？Probablyabitofboth。Aswegrowup，welearntocontrolouremotionssotheyaremanageableanddon’tdictateourbehaviours，whichisinmanywaysagoodthing。Buttoooftenwetakethisprocesstoofarandendupsuppressingemotions，especiallynegativeones。That’saboutaseffectiveasbrushingdirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeusill。Whatwefeelappropriatelyandthen-again，likechildren-moveon。42__________。AcoupleofChristmasesago，myyoungeststepdaughter，whowas9yearsoldatthetime，gotaSupermanT-shirtforChristmas。Itcostlessthanafiverbutshewasoverjoyed，andcouldn’tbiggerhouseorbettercarwillbethemagicsilverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent，buttherealityisthesethingshavelittlelastingimpactonourhappinesslevels。Instead，beinggratefulforsmallthingseverydayisamuchbetterwaytoimprovewellbeing。43__________。Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh？Ifweadultscouldindulgeinabitofsillinessandgiggling，wewouldreducethestresshormonesinourbodies，increasegoodhormoneslikeendorphins，improvebloodflowtoourheartsandeverhaveagreaterchanceoffightingoffinfection。Allofwhichwould，ofcourse，haveapositiveeffectonourhappinesslevels。44__________。Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere’sanawfullotofseriousstufftodealwith-work，mortgagepayments，figuringoutwhattocookfordinner。Butasadultswealsohavetheluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourowndiariesandit’simportantthatwescheduleintimetoenjoythethingwelove。Thosethingsmightbesocial，sporting，creativeorcompletelyrandom（dancingaroundthelivingroom，anyone？）-itdoesn’tmatter，solongasthey’reenjoyable，andnotlikelytohavenegativesideeffects，suchasdrinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoingonawildspendingspreeifyou’reonatightbudget。45__________。Havingsaidalloftheabove，it’simportanttoaddthatweshouldn’ttrytoohardtobehappy。Scientiststellusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhaveanegativeimpactonourwellbeing。AstheChinesephilosopherChuangTzuisreportedtohavesaid：“Happinessistheabsenceofstrivingforhappiness。”Andinthat，oncemore，weneedtolooktotheexampleofourchildren，towhomhappinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive。SectionIII

TranslationDirections：TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese。WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET。（15points）Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossiblewithinitsdoors。Thereasonforthisissimple：Thelongeryoustayinthestore，themorestuffyou’llsee，andthemorestuffyousee，themoreyou’llbuy。Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff。Theaveragesupermarket，accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute，carriessome44，000differentitems，andmanycarrytensofthousandsmore。Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughtosendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverload。Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments，thedemandsofsomuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus。Afterabout40minutesofshopping，mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective，andinsteadbeganshoppingemotionally—whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuff

inourcartthatweneverintendedbuying。SectionIV

WritingPartA47。Directions：Supposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriend，Jack，wroteanemailtocongratulateyouandaskforadviceontranslation。Writehimareplyto1）thankhim，and2）giveyouadviceYoushouldwriteabout100ontheANSWERSHEET。Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter。UseLiMinginstead。Donotwritetheaddress。（10points）PartB48。Directions：Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow。Inyourwriting，youshould1）interpretthechart，and2）giveyourcomments。Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET。（15points）Section

I

Use

of

English1、[答案]C

how[解析]根據(jù)空格所在句子可以看出，空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的從屬連詞，做influence的賓語。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思中，只有C。

how引導(dǎo)后面的內(nèi)容做influence的賓語，前后意思合理。2、[答案]B

In

particular[解析]空格的前一句話的內(nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投資更多的錢?？崭袼诰涞膬?nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的錢。很顯然，前后句子是總分關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中，只有B選項(xiàng)可以體現(xiàn)總分關(guān)系。3、[答案]D

necessary[解析]根據(jù)空格處前后的內(nèi)容，_____

for

making

investments

for

the

future是做后置定語修飾longer-term

thinking和happiness。幸福，這種持久的思維模式對于對未來進(jìn)行投資_______，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D。

necessary

做后置定語符合前后內(nèi)容。其他選項(xiàng)與原文內(nèi)容語義不符。4、[答案]C

optimism[解析]空格處的內(nèi)容與inclination

for

risk-taking由and連接，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，后面that

come

with

happiness定語從句既修飾空格處的內(nèi)容，也修飾inclination

for

risk-taking，所以選項(xiàng)中可以由that

come

with

happiness修飾的只有C選項(xiàng)optimism。5、[答案]D

change[解析]空格處的內(nèi)容和the

way

companies

invested構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配。選項(xiàng)中A。

echo

回聲

B。

miss

思念

C。

spoil

溺愛

D。

change

改變，所以只有D選項(xiàng)可以和the

way

companies

invested構(gòu)成通順語義。故D項(xiàng)正確。6、[答案]B

measured[解析]原文：So

they

compared

U.S。

cities’

average

happiness_______

by

Gallup

polling

with

the

investment

activity

of

publicly

traded

firms

in

those

areas。

所以他們比較美國城市的平均幸福，這種幸福是根據(jù)蓋洛普在上市公司的投資活動(dòng)地區(qū)民意調(diào)查來________。

A

imagined

想象，D

assumed

假定與民意調(diào)查的客觀性是不符的，故排除，C

invented

發(fā)明，與文意不符，故選B

measured，衡量，測量。7、[答案]A

sure[解析]若要判斷此空的答案，需要結(jié)合文章上下文來判斷。這句話和本篇完型的第二段的首句的含義是相同的。第二段的首句：Companies

located

in

places

with

happier

people

invest

more，含義為：坐落在幸福人們多的地方的公司會(huì)加大研發(fā)投入力度。本段首句其實(shí)是對于這一中心的重復(fù)闡述，因此選A。8、[答案]D

headquartered[解析]原文：firms’

investment

and

R&D

intensity

were

correlated

with

the

happiness

of

the

area

in

which

they

were

_________。公司的投資與研發(fā)強(qiáng)度與公司所_______的地區(qū)的幸福度相關(guān)。依據(jù)第7題的答案，我們可以推斷，這句話所填寫的單詞和located應(yīng)該是近義，

A

advertised

廣告；

B

divided

分割；

C

overtaxed

負(fù)擔(dān)過重；均與本文含義不符，故選D，headquartered設(shè)立總部。9、[答案]A

explain[解析]原文：…could

something

else

about

happier

cities

______

why

firms

there

spend

more

on

R&D？

此句也是對于本文中心的再次論證。還有其他的什么可以__________公司在幸福的城市加入研發(fā)投入力度嗎？

這句話之后就是具體的原因陳述。B

overstate

夸張；

C

summarize總結(jié)；D

emphasize

強(qiáng)調(diào)；均不符合文意，所以以上三項(xiàng)皆排除。故選A

express

解釋，闡釋。10、[答案]B

factors[解析]原文：

To

find

out，

the

researchers

controlled

for

various

________that

might

make

firms

more

likely

to

invest

—

like

size，

industry，

and

sales

，為了找到答案，研究人員控制了各種各樣的可能會(huì)讓公司加大投資的_______——比如大小、行業(yè)和銷量——，聯(lián)系上下文，我們可以看出，這個(gè)空格其實(shí)就是下文size，

industry，

and

sales的上義詞，可以包含這三個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容。A

stages

階段；C

levels

水平，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；

D

methods

方法；均不符合文意。故選B

factors

原因，因素。11、[答案]A

desirable[解析]該句意思為：研究者掌控了各種使公司更愿意投資的因素（比如規(guī)模、行業(yè)、銷售），也掌控了居住起來____的住處的征兆（比如工資或人數(shù)的增長）。此處需填入形容詞，前后兩句為并列關(guān)系，感情色彩應(yīng)保持一致，所填詞應(yīng)和空前more

likely

to

invest更可能投資，以及空后like舉例的內(nèi)容漲工資一致，也是好事，所以答案desirable可取的、令人滿意的為正確選項(xiàng)。Sociable善于交際的，reputable有聲望的，reliable可靠的雖為正向詞匯，但均與上下文銜接不緊密，因此答案為desirable。12、[答案]B

held[解析]即使說明這些問題，總體來講，快樂與投資之間的關(guān)系____。Resume繼續(xù)、重新開始，hold保持不變，維持，emerge出現(xiàn)，break破裂。前后為遞進(jìn)，說明這些問題后，二者關(guān)系應(yīng)仍然保持不變，所以hold為正確答案。13、[答案]A

attribute[解析]該句意思為：快樂與投資之間的相互關(guān)系對年輕的企業(yè)特別強(qiáng)烈，作者把這一點(diǎn)____于“缺少編纂的做決定過程”。此處考搭配，attribute…to把……歸咎于，assign…to把……指派給，transfer…to把……傳遞給，compare…to把……相比較，其中attribute…to符合文意，作者把這一點(diǎn)歸因于于“缺少編纂的做決定過程”。14、[答案]D

experienced[解析]該題為并列平行關(guān)系考查，and前后情感色彩、所屬范疇?wèi)?yīng)保持一致，younger并列，應(yīng)為less

experienced缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，故為正確答案。Serious嚴(yán)肅的，civilized文明的，ambitious有野心的，與年齡無直接關(guān)系，故排除。15、[答案]C

also[解析]該句話上一句為The

correlation

between

happiness

and

investment

was

particularly

strong，此句為The

relationship

was

15

stronger，顯然，二者之間為并列關(guān)系，因此選擇also也。Thus表結(jié)果，instead表轉(zhuǎn)折，never從不，不符合此處邏輯。16、[答案]D

equally[解析]此題考查副詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A選項(xiàng)rapidly意為“迅速地”，

B選項(xiàng)regularly意為“常規(guī)地”，C選項(xiàng)意為directly“直接地”，D選項(xiàng)equally“平等地”。此處討論的是公司投資與快樂之間的關(guān)系?？崭窈笾赋?，相較于在快樂不平等的地方，或者幸福感有巨大鴻溝的地方，公司更愿意在大多數(shù)人都較為幸福的領(lǐng)域投資，

D選項(xiàng)equally是對inequality的反義復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此，D選項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)。17、[答案]C

While[解析]此處考察上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。上文指出，公司愿意在幸福的領(lǐng)域里投資，

而空格后則提到“這并不能證明幸福引發(fā)了公司擴(kuò)大投資或者采用較長遠(yuǎn)的眼光看問題”，顯然，這二者之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，正確選項(xiàng)為C選項(xiàng)While

“然而”。A選項(xiàng)

After“在……之后”

，

B選項(xiàng)Until

“直到”，D選項(xiàng)Since“因?yàn)椤被颉白詮摹?，都不符合文意?8、[答案]C

hints[解析]空格所在句的前半句質(zhì)疑了投資