宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)期末考試試卷(附答案)

得分［請(qǐng)單擊此處編輯題目］（每小題分，共 分評(píng)卷人 ）、選擇題（本題包含30小題，每題？分，共？分）RealGDPevaluatescurrentproductionatcurrentprices.b?evaluatescurrentproductionatthepricesthatprevailedinsomespecificyearinthepast?isnotavalidmeasureoftheeconomy'sperformance,sincepriceschangefromyeartoyear?isameasureofthevalueofgoodsonly,hence,itexcludesthevalueofservicesThestepsinvolvedincalculatingtheconsumerpriceindexinclude,inorder:a.chooseabaseyear,fixthebasket,computetheinflationrate,computethebasket'scost,andcomputetheindex?b?chooseabaseyear,findtheprices,fixthebasket,computethebasket'scost,andcomputetheindex?或fixthebasket,findtheprices,computethebasket'scost,chooseabaseyearandcomputetheindex?d.fixthebasket,findtheprices,computetheinflationrate,chooseabaseyearandcomputetheindex?Supposethepriceofaquartofmilkrisesfrom$1to$1.25andthepriceofaT-shirtrisesfrom$8to$10.IftheCPIrisesfrom150to175peoplewilllikelybuya.moremilkandmoreT-shirts?b?moremilkandfewerT-shirts?lessmilkandmoreT-shirts?lessmilkandfewerT-shirts.4?Whichofthefollowingiscorrect?a.Countrieswiththehighestgrowthratesoverthelast100yearsaretheonesthathadthehighestlevelofrealGDP100yearsago.b?Mostcountrieshavehadlittlefluctuationaroundtheiraveragegrowthratesduringthepast100years?Therankingofcountriesbyincomechangessubstantiallyovertime,Overthelast100years,JapanhadthehighestrealGDPgrowthrate,andnowhasthehighestrealGDPperperson.?Usingtheproductionfunctionandnotationinthetext,K/Lmeasuresnaturalresourcesperworke?b?humancapitalperworker.outputperworker?physicalcapitalperworker.?Indexfundstypicallyhaveaboutthesamerateofreturnasmoreactivelymanagedfunds.typicallyhavelowerratesofreturnthanmoreactivelymanagedfunds.containthestocksandbondsfromasingleStandardIndexClassificationofindustry?d?typicallyhavehigherratesofreturnthanmoreactivelymanagedfunds.-Inaclosedeconomy,nationalsavingequalsinvestment.incomeminusthesumofconsumptionandgovemmentexpenditures.privatesavingpluspublicsaving?Alloftheabovearecorrect??Atwhichinterestrateisthepresentvalueof$162.24twoyearsfromtodayequalto$150today?a.4percentb?5percentc.6percentd?Noneoftheabovearecorrecttothenearestpenny.9?Whichofthefollowingisincorrect?Frictionalunemploymentisinevitableinadynamiceconomy.Althoughtheunemploymentcreatedbysectoralshiftsisunfortunate,inthelongrunsuchchangesleadtohigherproductiv讓yandhigherlivingstandards-Atleast10percentofU.S.manufacturingjobsaredestroyedeveryyear.Inatypicalmonthmorethan5percentofworkersleavetheirjobs.Usethebalancesheetforthefollowingquestion.LastBankofCedarBendAssets LiabilitiesReserves $25,000Deposits $150,000Loans$125,000Ifthereserverequirementis10percent,thisbanka.isinapositiontomakeanewloanof$15,000?b?haslessreservesthanrequiredhasexcessreservesoflessthan$15,000.Noneoftheabovearecorrect.?WhichofthefollowinglistsrankstheFed'smonetarypolicytoolsfrommosttoleastfrequentlyused?a.discountratechanges,reserverequirementchanges,openmarkettransactionsb.:reserverequirementchanges,openmarkettransactions,discountratechangesc.openmarkettransactions,discountratechanges,reserverequirementchangesd.Noneoftheabovelistsranksthetoolscorrectly..Adecreaseinthemoneysupplycreatesanexcesssupplyofmoneythatiseliminatedbyrisingprices?b?supplyofmoneythatiseliminatedbyfallingprices.demandformoneythatiseliminatedbyrisingprices.demandformoneythatiseliminatedbyfallingprices?-Givenanominalinterestrateof6percent,inwhichcasewouldyouearnthelowestafter-taxrealrateofinterest?a Inflation is4 percent;thetaxrateis25 percent.b? Inflation is3 percent;thetaxrateis20 percent.Inflation is2 percent;thetaxrateis15 percent.Tlieafter-tax realinterestrateisthesameforalloftheabove.14-Inrecentyears,U.S.netcapitaloutflowwasa.positiveandnetexportswerenegative?b?positiveandnetexportswerepositive?negativeandnetexportswerenegative.negativeandnetexportswerepositive?.Ifacountryhasbusinessopportunitiesthatarerelativelyattractivetoothercountries,wewouldexpectittohavebothpositivenetexportsandpositivenetcapitaloutflow?b?bothnegativenetexportsandnegativenetcapitaloutflow?positivenetexportsandnegativenetcapitaloutflow.negativenetexportsandpositivenetcapitaloutflow?.Onbehalfofyourfirm,youmakefrequenttripstoHongKong.YounoticethatyoualwayshavetopaymoredollarstogetenoughlocalcurrencytogetyourhairstyledthanyouhavetopaytogetyourhairstyledintheUnitedStates.Thisisa.inconsistentwithpurchasing-powerparity,butmightbeexplainedbylimitedopportunitiesforarbitrageinhairstylingacrossinternationalborders?b?consistentw讓hpurchasing-powerparityifpricesinHongKongarerisingmorerapidlythanpricesintheUnitedStates.c.consistentw讓hpurchasing-powerparityifpricesinHongKongarerisinglessrapidlythanpricesintheUnitedStates.d?Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.-Ceterisparibus,iftheCanadianrealinterestrateweretoincrease,CanadiannetcapitaloutflowandnetcapU:aloutflowofothercountrieswouldrise.b?andnetcapitaloutflowofothercountrieswouldfall.wouldrise,whilenetcapitaloutflowofothercountrieswouldfall.wouldfall,whilenetcap讓aloutflowofothercountrieswouldrise.?Ifagovernmentincreasesitsbudgetdeficit,thentherealexchangeratea.anddomesticinvestmentrise.b?anddomesticinvestmentfall.crisesanddomesticinvestmentfalls.d.fallsanddomesticinvestmentrises?Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectwaytoshowtheeffectsofanewimportquota?a.shiftthedemandforloanablefundsright,thesupplyofdollarsforforeignexchangeright,andthedemandfordollarsleftb?shiftthedemandforloanablefundsright,andthesupplyofdollarsforforeignexchangeleftc.shiftthedemandfordollarsforforeignexchangeleftd.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.Alargeandsuddenmovementoffundsoutofacountryiscalleda.arbitrage?匕？capitalflight.crowdingout.capitalmobility?21?Aggregatedemandshiftsrightwhenthegovernmentraisespersonalincometaxesincreasesthemoneysupply.repealsaninvestmenttaxcred讓.Alloftheabovearecorrect.22?Ifpeoplewanttosavemoreforretirementorifthegovernmentraisestaxes,aggregatedemandshiftsright.orifthegovernmentraisestaxes,aggregatedemandshiftsleft.aggregatedemandshiftsrightIfthegovernmentraisestaxes,aggregatedemandshiftsleft?aggregatedemandshiftsleft.Ifthegovernnientraisestaxes,aggregatedemandshiftsright.23?nthemid-1970sthepriceofoilrosedramatically.Thisa.shiftedaggregatesupplyleft.b?causedU.S.pricestofall.wastheconsequenceofOPECincreasingoilproduction.Alloftheabovearecorrect.24-Liquidityreferstoa.therelationbetweenthepriceandinterestrateofanasset.b?theriskofanassetrelativetoitssellingprice.theeasewU：hwhichanassetisconvertedintoamediumofexchange.thesensitivityofinvestmentspendingtochangesintheinterestrate.25?Whentheinterestrateincreases,theopportunitycostofholdingmoneyincreases'sothequantityofmoneydemandedincreasesincreases,sothequantityofmoneydemandeddecreasesdecreases,sothequantityofmoneydemandedincreasesdecreases,sothequantityofmoneydemandeddecreases.Whichofthefollowingproperlydescribestheinterestrateeffect?Asthemoneysupplyincreases,theinterestratefalls,sospendingrises.b?Asthemoneysupplyincreases,theinterestraterises,sospendingfalls.Asthepricelevelincreases,theinterestratefalls,sospendingrisesAsthepricelevelincreases,theinterestraterises,sospendingfalls.Anincreaseingovernmentspendinginitiallyandprimarilyshiftsaggregatedemandrightb?aggregatedemandleftaggregatesupplyright.neitheraggregatedemandnoraggregatesupply.?Thereductionindemandthatresultswhenafiscalexpansionraisestheinterestrateiscalledthemultipliereffect.crowding-outeffect?acceleratoreffect.Riccardianequivalenceeffect.Onedeterminantofthenaturalrateofunemploymentistherateofgrowthofthemoneysupply.minimumwagerate.expectedinflationrate.Alloftheabovearecorrect?Anincreaseintheexpectedrateofinflationshiftsonlytheshort-runPhillipscurveright.b?onlytheshort-runPhillipscurveleftboththeshort-runandlong-runPhillipscurvestotheright.boththeshort-runandlong-runPhillipscurvestotheleft.二、判斷題(本題包含20小題，每題？分，共？分)T31.IfnominalGDPis10,000andrealGDPis8,000theGDPdeflatoris125.F32.InternationaldataonthehistoryofrealGDPgrowthratesshowsthattherichcountriesgetricherandthepoorcountriesgetpoorerT33?OneofthereasonsthatAfricancountriesmayhavegrownslowerthanothercountriesisthatmanyhavehighbarrierstotrade?F34.WhentheU.S.governmentisindebt,讓followsthattheyhaveadefic讓.F35.Thefuturevalueof$1savedtodayis$1/(1+r)?T36?Themarketforinsuranceisoneexampleofreducingriskbyusingdiversification.F37.SomeonewhoiswithoutworkbutisnotlookingforworkwouldbecountedasunemployedbytheBLS?T38?Unionworkersearnabout10percentto20percentmorethansimilarworkerswhodonotbelongtounions.F39.Becauseofthemultipletoolsatitsdisposal,theFedispreciseinitscontrolofthemoneysupply.T40?Inflationdistortssavingsbecausepeoplepaytaxesontheirnominalratherthantheirrealinterestincome?T41-Inanopeneconomy,U.S.nationalsavingscanbelessthanU.S.investment.F42.Iftherealinterestratewereabovetheequilibriumrate,therewouldbeashortageofloanablefunds.T43.Althoughtradepoliciesdonotaffectacountry'soveralltradebalance,theydoaffectspecificfirmsandindustries.T44.Whenoutputrises,unemploymentfalls.F45.Theexplanationsfortheslopesoftheaggregatedemandandaggregatesupplycurvesarethesameastheexplanationsfortheslopeofdemandandsupplycurvesforspecificgoodsandservices.T46?Adecreaseinthepricelevelmakesconsumersfeelwealthier,sotheypurchasemore.Thislogichelpsexplainwhytheaggregatedemandcurveslopesdovvnward?T47.Inliquiditypreferencetheory,anincreaseintheinterestratedecreasesthequantityofmoneydemanded,butdoesnotshiftthemoneydemandcurve.T48?Inprinciplethegovernmentcouldincreasethemoneysupplyorgovernmentexpenditurestotrytooffsettheeffectsofawaveofpessimismaboutthefutureoftheeconomy.F49.Inthelongrun,thenaturalrateofunemploymentdependsprimarilyonthegrowthrateofthemoneysupply.F50.Apolicychangethatreducedthenaturalrateofunemploymentwouldshiftboththelong-runaggregate-supplycurveandthelong-runPhillipscurveleft.名詞解釋（本題包含 5小題，每題？分，共？分）humancapital:exports:tradepolicy:?aggregate-demandcurve:?crowding-outeffect:簡答題（本題包含 8小題，每題？分，共？分）Whyisproductivityrelatedtothestandardofliving?InyouranswerbesuretoexplainwhatproductiStyandstandardoflivingmean?Makealistofthingsthatdeterminelaborproductivity??Drawandlabelagraphshowingequilibriuminthemarketforloanablefunds.FoundersoftheFederalReservewereconcernedthattheFedmightformpolicyfavorabletoonepartofthecountryortoaparticularparty?WhataresomewaysthattheorganizationoftheFedreflectssuchconcerns?Supposethatmonetaryneutralityholds.Ofthefollowingvariables,whichonesdonota.realinterestratesb?inflationthepricelevelrealoutputrealwagesnominalwagesThelong-runtrendinrealGDPisupward.Howisthispossiblegivenbusinesscycles?Whatexplainstheupwardtrend??Discusswhateconomistsbelieveisdifferentaboutthelongandshortrun.Supposethatconsumersbecomepessimisticaboutthefuturehealthoftheeconomy/andsocutbackontheirconsumptionspending.Whatwillhappentoaggregatedemandandtooutput?WhatmightthepresidentandCongresshavetodotokeepoutputstable?Whyandinwhatwayarefiscalpolicylagsdifferentfrommonetarypolicylags?.b22.b23,a24.c.b22.b23,a24.cI.b2.c3.d4.c5?d6?d7.d8.a9.dlO.cll.c12.d13.a14,c15.bI6.a17.dl8.c19.d2O.b2125.b26.d27.a28.b29.b3O.a31.T32.F33.T34.F35.F36.T37.F38.T39.F40.T41.T42.F43.T44.T45.F46.T47.T48.T49.F50.F51.theknowledgeandskillsthatworkersacquirethrougheducation,training,andexperience?goodsandservicesthatareproduceddomesticallyandsoldabroad.agovernmentpolicythatdirectlyinfluencesthequantityofgoodsandservicesthatacountryimportsorexports?acurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthathouseholds,firms,andthegovernmentwanttobuyateachpriceleveltheoffsetinaggregatedemandthatresultswhenexpansionaryfiscalpolicyraisestheinterestrateandtherebyreducesinvestmentspendingThestandardoflivingisameasureofhowwellpeoplelive?Incomeperpersonisanimportantdimensionofthestandardoflivingandispositivelycorrelatedwithotherthingssuchasnutritionandlifeexpectancythatmakepeoplebetteroff.Productiv讓ymeasureshowmuchpeoplecanproduceinanhour.Asproductivityincreases,peoplecanproducemore(anduselesstoproducethesameamount)andsotheirstandardoflivingincreases.Tliefactorsthatdeterminelaborproductivityincludetheamountsofphysicalcapital(equipmentandstructures),humancapital(knowledgeandskills),andnaturalresourcesavailabletoworkers,aswellasthestateoftechnologicalknowledgeinsociety.MarketforLoanableFundsMarketforLoanbleFunds1.ThepresidentappointstheBoardofGovernors,buttheSenatemustapprovethem.ThesevenmembersoftheBoardofGovernorsserve14-yearterms,soitisunlikelythatasingle