英語(yǔ)高考復(fù)習(xí)講座課件-語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)

幫你復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法幫你復(fù)習(xí)直接英語(yǔ)和間接英語(yǔ)句型轉(zhuǎn)換英語(yǔ)高考復(fù)習(xí)講座課件—語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)一、句型的變化（一）如果直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)一般是用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。口語(yǔ)中that?？梢允÷浴！癐liketolistentorockmusic,”saidPeter.Petersaidthathelikedtolistentorockmusic.【溫馨提示】如果直接引語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的陳述句并列時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，后面一個(gè)不能省略，以免引起歧義。如：Theteachersaid,“Thetextisveryimportant.Youshouldlearnitbyheart.”Theteachersaid(that)thetextisimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.一、句型的變化(二)如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)常變?yōu)橛蓋hether/if引導(dǎo)，而且要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：1)Theboyaskedhismother,“CanIgotoplayfootballwithmyfriendsonSaturday?”Theboyaskedhismotherwhether/ifhecouldgotoplayfootballwithhisfriendsonSaturday.2)“Willyougotothemuseumthisweekendornextweekend?”LiHuaaskedme.LiHuaaskedmewhether/ifIwouldgotothemuseumthisweekendorthenextweekend.(二)如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)常(三)如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，而且用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：“Howmuchtimedoyouspendonthehomework?”heaskedme.

HeaskedmehowmuchtimeIspentonthehomework.(三)如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，而（四）如果間接引語(yǔ)是表示請(qǐng)求、提議、建議、勸告等意義的問(wèn)句，要借助其他句型結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。如：1)“Wouldyoubuymesomestampswhileyouareintheoffice?”Hesaidtome.HeaskedmetobuyhimsomestampswhileIamintheoffice.2)“Whydon’tyoucomeandplayfootballwithme?”Heasked.Headvisedmetoplayfootballwithhim.【溫馨提示】表示請(qǐng)求、勸告時(shí)，通常用“ask/advise/want等+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。（四）如果間接引語(yǔ)是表示請(qǐng)求、提議、建議、勸告等意義的問(wèn)句，(五)如果直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改，即改為：tell(ask,order,warn,advise等)sb.(not)todosth.如：1)Thepolicemansaidtothechildren,“Don’tplayfootballinthestreet.”Thepolicemantoldthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.2)“Listentomecarefully,please.”theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldustolistentohimcarefully.【溫馨提示】如果祈使句中出現(xiàn)了please,在間接引語(yǔ)中必須省略。(五)如果直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改

(六)如果直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用what,how或that來(lái)引述。如：“Whatabeautifulhouseitis!”hesaidtome.Hetoldmewhatabeautifulhouseitwas.Hetoldmethatitwasabeautifulhouse.

二、時(shí)態(tài)的變化（一）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)不變。如；Hesays,“I’mtootired.”Hesays(that)heistootired.二、時(shí)態(tài)的變化（二）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)地變?yōu)榕c過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。具體變化如下：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（二）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)地變1)Theoldmansaid,“GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.”TheoldmansaidthatgreatchangeshadtakenplaceinChina.2)“WangLiniswaitingforyououtsideoftheschoolgate.”LiFangsaidtome.LiFangtoldmethatWangLinwaswaitingformeoutsideoftheschoolgate1)Theoldmansaid,“Greatcha【溫馨提示1】當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言或諺語(yǔ)；重復(fù)出現(xiàn)或現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)不變化。如：1)Hesaid,“Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.2)“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”Theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldusthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.【溫馨提示1】當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言或諺語(yǔ)；重復(fù)【溫馨提示2】當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,need,oughtto,hadbetter等，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式不變。如：1)Hesaid,“Youhadbetteraskforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.”

HesaidthatIhadbetteraskforhelpwhenIwasintrouble.【溫馨提示2】當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,三、人稱(chēng)代詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中作主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)代詞或其他物主代詞要作相應(yīng)的變化。一般情況下要遵循以下幾條原則：（一）直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：“CanIuseyourbikeforamoment?”theboysaidtome.

Theboyaskedmewhetherhecouldusemybikeformoment.三、人稱(chēng)代詞的變化(二)直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句的賓語(yǔ)保持一致。如：TheteacheraskedJoan,“Whyareyoulateagain?”

TheteacheraskedJoanwhyshewaslateagain.(二)直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句的（三）直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)不變。如：Heaskedme,“HowlonghasTeddystayedinChina?”HeaskedmehowlonghasTeddystayedinChina.（三）直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中的四、主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化(一)直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是say(said)的不變，是saidtosb.常變?yōu)閠oldsb.如：Hesaidtohisfriend,“Iamgladtoseeyou.”Hetoldhisfriendthathewasgladtoseehim.四、主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化(二)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句、一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句，said變?yōu)閍sked;saidtosb.變?yōu)閍skedsb.如：“Howcanyoudothat?”MarysaidtoBetty.MaryaskedBettyhowshecoulddothat.(二)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句、一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句，sai(三)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)弱選則beg,advise,ask,tell,order,warn等。如果祈使句是否定句，還需在不定式符號(hào)to前加not.如：Isaidtoher,“Pleasepassmeaglassofwater.”Iaskedhertopassmeaglassofwater.Shesaid,“Don’tsmokeinthepublicplace.”Shetoldmenottosmokeinthepublicplace.(三)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)(四)直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，引述動(dòng)詞常用tell,exclaim或say等。如：“Howwellhelooks!”hesaid.Heexclaimedhowwellhelooked.Hesaidthathelookedwell.(四)直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，引述動(dòng)詞常用tell,五、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化（一）指示代詞的變化thisthatthesethose但有時(shí)如果所說(shuō)的東西就在眼前，也可不變。如：Hesaid,“Ilikethisbook.”Hesaidthathelikedthisbook.(書(shū)在眼前)五、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化二）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化

todaythatdaythismorning/afternoon,etc.thatmorning/afternoon,etc.yesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthefollowing/nextdaythedayaftertomorrowtwodayslaternextweek/month,etc.thenextweek/month,etc.lastweek/monththeweek/monthbeforenowthen二）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化如果引述的時(shí)間和說(shuō)話時(shí)間相同（如就在同年、同月、同日），時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可不變。如：MrBlacksaid,“IvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.”MrBlacksaidthathehadvisitedtheGreatWalltheyearbefore.MrBlacksaidthathehadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.如果引述的時(shí)間和說(shuō)話時(shí)間相同（如就在同年、同月、同日），時(shí)間(三)地點(diǎn)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化heretherecomego如果說(shuō)話人所在地和引述地點(diǎn)相同，here，come也可不變。如：Hesaid,“Iwillcomeherethisevening.”Hesaidthathewouldcomeherethisevening.(同時(shí)同地引述)Hesaidthathewouldgotherethatevening.(三)地點(diǎn)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化鞏固練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或直接引語(yǔ)1.Hesaidtome,“Iwrotealettertomyparentslastweek.”He______methat_____________aletterto_____parents__________________.2.“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,”mothersaidtoherdaughter.Mother_______herdaughterthatthesun_______uptheeastand_________inthewest.toldhehadwrittenhistheweekbeforetoldrisessets鞏固練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或直接引語(yǔ)told3.“Don’tbelateagain,Jim,”saidtheteacher.Theteacher_______________belateagain.4.“HaveyouseenthefilmHarryPotter?”heasked.Heaskedme_______________thefilmHarryPotter.5.MrWangaskedthestudentshowtheycouldimprovetheirspokenEnglish.“____________improve_______spokenEnglish?”MrWangsaidtothestudents.toldJimnottoifIhadseenHowcanyouyour3.“Don’tbelateagain,Jim,”GrammarII

定語(yǔ)從句GrammarII

1.定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)

2.定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

3.關(guān)系詞的實(shí)質(zhì)和先行詞之間的關(guān)系

4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及其容易混用的情況5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況

6.as引導(dǎo)的兩種定語(yǔ)從句1.定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)3.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachinethat

canfly.

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.that=themachinewho=

theboywhose=

theboy’swhere

=intheschool關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞3.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamach4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及其容易混用的情況Fillintheblanks,usingrelativepron.orrelativeadv.1.Thisisthefactory______Ionceworked.2.Thisisthefactory______I’vevisited.3.Theday__________IalwaysrememberisOct.1.4.Theday______NanjingwasliberatedisSep.11.5.Thereason_____hehasn’tcomeisthathehasbeenill.6.Don’tbelievethereason_____hegiveyou.wherethat/whichthat/whichwhenwhythat4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法FillintheblanAttributiveClauseNOTES:1.當(dāng)表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因的名詞,day,time,place,factory,reason等作先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用when,where,why；在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，就用that或which.AttributiveClauseNOTES:5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況Whenweusearelativepronounwithapreposition,wehavetwochoices.Placingtheprepositionbeforetherelativepronounismoreformal.eg.Thewomanwho/whom

Spielbergismarriedtoisanactress.Thewomantowhom

Spielbergismarriedisanactress.Thepaintingatwhich

IlookedwaspaintedbyVincentvanGogh.Thegirlwithwhom

youtalkedisacollegestudent.5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況WhenweusearelaAttributiveClause

Prep.+which/whom1).介詞與定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是一種習(xí)慣性的搭配.Thefarm_______Ionceworkedhastakenonanewlook.2).介詞與從句中的動(dòng)詞是一種習(xí)慣性的搭配．Whoistheman________ourteacherisshakinghands?3).介詞與從句中的形容詞一起構(gòu)成一種習(xí)慣性的搭配．Oursisabeautifulcountry,_______wearegreatlyproud.onwhichwithwhomofwhichAttributiveClausePrep.+whicAttributiveClause4).表示“所有格”或“整體中的部分”時(shí)，用介詞of．Thereareoveronethousandworkersinthefactory,80percent________arewomen.ofwhomAttributiveClause4).表示“所有格”或“C:Fillintheblanks,usingrelativepronoun,relativeadv.orprepositionwithwhich/whom.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_______shecouldturnforhelp.2.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark________youhaveanyquestions.3.Barcelonaisthecity_____the25thSummerOlympicwereheld.towhomwherewhereC:Fillintheblanks,usingr1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich介詞+關(guān)系代詞練習(xí)1.

Doyoulikethebook6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,________

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower__________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.fromwhichtowhomofwhichofwhichunderwhich6.Thereisatalltreeoutsidas引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用as.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句TheearthisrouThisisthesamepen

asIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:這本書(shū)和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書(shū)就是我丟的那本。ThisisthesamepenasIlostThisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書(shū)。(定語(yǔ)從句)這本書(shū)如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)Thisissuchaninterestingbo

1.定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)

2.定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

3.關(guān)系詞的實(shí)質(zhì)和先行詞之間的關(guān)系

4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及其容易混用的情況5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況

6.as引導(dǎo)的兩種定語(yǔ)從句1.定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)3.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachinethat

canfly.

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.that=themachinewho=

theboywhose=

theboy’swhere

=intheschool關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞3.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamach4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及其容易混用的情況Fillintheblanks,usingrelativepron.orrelativeadv.1.Thisisthefactory______Ionceworked.2.Thisisthefactory______I’vevisited.3.Theday__________IalwaysrememberisOct.1.4.Theday______NanjingwasliberatedisSep.11.5.Thereason_____hehasn’tcomeisthathehasbeenill.6.Don’tbelievethereason_____hegiveyou.wherethat/whichthat/whichwhenwhythat4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法FillintheblanAttributiveClauseNOTES:1.當(dāng)表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因的名詞,day,time,place,factory,reason等作先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用when,where,why；在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，就用that或which.AttributiveClauseNOTES:5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況Whenweusearelativepronounwithapreposition,wehavetwochoices.Placingtheprepositionbeforetherelativepronounismoreformal.eg.Thewomanwho/whomSpielbergismarriedtoisanactress.ThewomantowhomSpielbergismarriedisanactress.ThepaintingatwhichIlookedwaspaintedbyVincentvanGogh.Thegirlwithwhomyoutalkedisacollegestudent.5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況WhenweusearelaAttributiveClause

Prep.+which/whom1).介詞與定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是一種習(xí)慣性的搭配.Thefarm_______Ionceworkedhastakenonanewlook.2).介詞與從句中的動(dòng)詞是一種習(xí)慣性的搭配．Whoistheman________ourteacherisshakinghands?3).介詞與從句中的形容詞一起構(gòu)成一種習(xí)慣性的搭配．Oursisabeautifulcountry,_______wearegreatlyproud.onwhichwithwhomofwhichAttributiveClausePrep.+whicAttributiveClause4).表示“所有格”或“整體中的部分”時(shí)，用介詞of．Thereareoveronethousandworkersinthefactory,80percent________arewomen.ofwhomAttributiveClause4).表示“所有格”或“C:Fillintheblanks,usingrelativepronoun,relativeadv.orprepositionwithwhich/whom.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_______shecouldturnforhelp.2.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark________youhaveanyquestions.3.Barcelonaisthecity_____the25thSummerOlympicwereheld.towhomwherewhereC:Fillintheblanks,usingr1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich介詞+關(guān)系代詞練習(xí)1.

Doyoulikethebook6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,________

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower__________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.fromwhichtowhomofwhichofwhichunderwhich6.Thereisatalltreeoutsidas引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用as.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句TheearthisrouThisisthesamepen

asIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:這本書(shū)和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書(shū)就是我丟的那本。ThisisthesamepenasIlostThisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書(shū)。(定語(yǔ)從句)這本書(shū)如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)ThisissuchaninterestingboGrammarIII

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredonehas/havebeendonewill/begoingto+bedone4.進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be+being

doneGrammarIII3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2.Choosetherightanswers:1.Thenewfactory_____inourcitylastyear.built B.hasbuilt C.isbuilding D.wasbuilt 2.Thiskindofmachine_____cuttingpaper.A.usesfor B.isusingfor C.isusesto D.isusedfor 3.Weknowthatthiskindofbike____inShenzhen.ismade B.makes C.ismaking 4.Thisdressis___________silk.makeof B.madeof C.madein Choosetherightanswers:5.Beijingwill___beautifulflowerswhenNationalDaycomes.A.cover B.coverwith C.becovered D.becoveredwith6.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust_____dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrow B.bestoppedfromthrowing C.stoptothrow D.stopfromthrowing 7.Thiswork_____nextMonday.A.mayfinish B.finish C.finishesD.maybefinished 8.Thekey_____forlockingtheclassroomdoor.A.uses B.isusedC.isusing D.use5.Beijingwill___beautifulMultipleChoice:1.()Ifthework________,youcangoandplaygames.A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.()Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,thechildrenweremade______intheclassroom.

4.()Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow5.()Ilikemybike.It________verywell.A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasriddenDBBA3.()Kate_______theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswrittenB.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswritingA.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayedCMultipleChoice:1.(6.()—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessTom______,too.—YoumeanifTomcomes,you’llcome.8.()Thechildrenmust_______.

9.()Thewomanstilldoesn’tknowwhat_______inherhometown

DDBA.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited7.()EveryonewhoheardMr.Green’sstory_____________it.A.laughedatB.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedatAA.happensB.happenedC.willhappenD.washappenedwhilehewasaway.A.lookafterB.betakengoodcareC.lookthesameD.betakengoodcareof10.()—Isawyouwereonfootthismorning.

—Yes.Mybike___________.A.ismendingB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.isbeingmendingB6.()—Iwon’tcometothe

Fillintheblanksusingrightforms:1.Allthestudents__________(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.2.Aremanyways_______(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?3.—Whatareonshowinthemuseum?—Somephotos_________(take)byAmericanchildren.4.Thiscoat_________(wash)well.9.Haveyoufoundyournecklace________(偷)lastweek?6.I’moften_________(警告）nottocopyothers’homework.7.Hecouldn’texplainwhydinosaurs___________(消失).8.I’llhavemybike__________________(修理)tomorrow.5.Musttheoldpeople____________(speak)topolitely?10.ThePRCwas_________(成立)onOctober1,1949.wereasked

triedtakenwashesbespokenwarneddisappearedmended／repairedstolenfoundedFillintheblanksusingri幫你復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法幫你復(fù)習(xí)直接英語(yǔ)和間接英語(yǔ)句型轉(zhuǎn)換英語(yǔ)高考復(fù)習(xí)講座課件—語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)一、句型的變化（一）如果直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)一般是用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)?？谡Z(yǔ)中that?？梢允÷浴！癐liketolistentorockmusic,”saidPeter.Petersaidthathelikedtolistentorockmusic.【溫馨提示】如果直接引語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的陳述句并列時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，后面一個(gè)不能省略，以免引起歧義。如：Theteachersaid,“Thetextisveryimportant.Youshouldlearnitbyheart.”Theteachersaid(that)thetextisimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.一、句型的變化(二)如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)常變?yōu)橛蓋hether/if引導(dǎo)，而且要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：1)Theboyaskedhismother,“CanIgotoplayfootballwithmyfriendsonSaturday?”Theboyaskedhismotherwhether/ifhecouldgotoplayfootballwithhisfriendsonSaturday.2)“Willyougotothemuseumthisweekendornextweekend?”LiHuaaskedme.LiHuaaskedmewhether/ifIwouldgotothemuseumthisweekendorthenextweekend.(二)如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)常(三)如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，而且用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：“Howmuchtimedoyouspendonthehomework?”heaskedme.

HeaskedmehowmuchtimeIspentonthehomework.(三)如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，而（四）如果間接引語(yǔ)是表示請(qǐng)求、提議、建議、勸告等意義的問(wèn)句，要借助其他句型結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。如：1)“Wouldyoubuymesomestampswhileyouareintheoffice?”Hesaidtome.HeaskedmetobuyhimsomestampswhileIamintheoffice.2)“Whydon’tyoucomeandplayfootballwithme?”Heasked.Headvisedmetoplayfootballwithhim.【溫馨提示】表示請(qǐng)求、勸告時(shí)，通常用“ask/advise/want等+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。（四）如果間接引語(yǔ)是表示請(qǐng)求、提議、建議、勸告等意義的問(wèn)句，(五)如果直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改，即改為：tell(ask,order,warn,advise等)sb.(not)todosth.如：1)Thepolicemansaidtothechildren,“Don’tplayfootballinthestreet.”Thepolicemantoldthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.2)“Listentomecarefully,please.”theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldustolistentohimcarefully.【溫馨提示】如果祈使句中出現(xiàn)了please,在間接引語(yǔ)中必須省略。(五)如果直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改

(六)如果直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用what,how或that來(lái)引述。如：“Whatabeautifulhouseitis!”hesaidtome.Hetoldmewhatabeautifulhouseitwas.Hetoldmethatitwasabeautifulhouse.

二、時(shí)態(tài)的變化（一）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)不變。如；Hesays,“I’mtootired.”Hesays(that)heistootired.二、時(shí)態(tài)的變化（二）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)地變?yōu)榕c過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。具體變化如下：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（二）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)地變1)Theoldmansaid,“GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.”TheoldmansaidthatgreatchangeshadtakenplaceinChina.2)“WangLiniswaitingforyououtsideoftheschoolgate.”LiFangsaidtome.LiFangtoldmethatWangLinwaswaitingformeoutsideoftheschoolgate1)Theoldmansaid,“Greatcha【溫馨提示1】當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言或諺語(yǔ)；重復(fù)出現(xiàn)或現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)不變化。如：1)Hesaid,“Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.2)“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”Theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldusthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.【溫馨提示1】當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、格言或諺語(yǔ)；重復(fù)【溫馨提示2】當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,need,oughtto,hadbetter等，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式不變。如：1)Hesaid,“Youhadbetteraskforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.”

HesaidthatIhadbetteraskforhelpwhenIwasintrouble.【溫馨提示2】當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,三、人稱(chēng)代詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中作主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)代詞或其他物主代詞要作相應(yīng)的變化。一般情況下要遵循以下幾條原則：（一）直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：“CanIuseyourbikeforamoment?”theboysaidtome.

Theboyaskedmewhetherhecouldusemybikeformoment.三、人稱(chēng)代詞的變化(二)直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句的賓語(yǔ)保持一致。如：TheteacheraskedJoan,“Whyareyoulateagain?”

TheteacheraskedJoanwhyshewaslateagain.(二)直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要和主句的（三）直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)不變。如：Heaskedme,“HowlonghasTeddystayedinChina?”HeaskedmehowlonghasTeddystayedinChina.（三）直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中的四、主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化(一)直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是say(said)的不變，是saidtosb.常變?yōu)閠oldsb.如：Hesaidtohisfriend,“Iamgladtoseeyou.”Hetoldhisfriendthathewasgladtoseehim.四、主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化(二)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句、一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句，said變?yōu)閍sked;saidtosb.變?yōu)閍skedsb.如：“Howcanyoudothat?”MarysaidtoBetty.MaryaskedBettyhowshecoulddothat.(二)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句、一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句，sai(三)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)弱選則beg,advise,ask,tell,order,warn等。如果祈使句是否定句，還需在不定式符號(hào)to前加not.如：Isaidtoher,“Pleasepassmeaglassofwater.”Iaskedhertopassmeaglassofwater.Shesaid,“Don’tsmokeinthepublicplace.”Shetoldmenottosmokeinthepublicplace.(三)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)(四)直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，引述動(dòng)詞常用tell,exclaim或say等。如：“Howwellhelooks!”hesaid.Heexclaimedhowwellhelooked.Hesaidthathelookedwell.(四)直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，引述動(dòng)詞常用tell,五、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化（一）指示代詞的變化thisthatthesethose但有時(shí)如果所說(shuō)的東西就在眼前，也可不變。如：Hesaid,“Ilikethisbook.”Hesaidthathelikedthisbook.(書(shū)在眼前)五、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化二）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化

todaythatdaythismorning/afternoon,etc.thatmorning/afternoon,etc.yesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthefollowing/nextdaythedayaftertomorrowtwodayslaternextweek/month,etc.thenextweek/month,etc.lastweek/monththeweek/monthbeforenowthen二）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化如果引述的時(shí)間和說(shuō)話時(shí)間相同（如就在同年、同月、同日），時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可不變。如：MrBlacksaid,“IvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.”MrBlacksaidthathehadvisitedtheGreatWalltheyearbefore.MrBlacksaidthathehadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.如果引述的時(shí)間和說(shuō)話時(shí)間相同（如就在同年、同月、同日），時(shí)間(三)地點(diǎn)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化heretherecomego如果說(shuō)話人所在地和引述地點(diǎn)相同，here，come也可不變。如：Hesaid,“Iwillcomeherethisevening.”Hesaidthathewouldcomeherethisevening.(同時(shí)同地引述)Hesaidthathewouldgotherethatevening.(三)地點(diǎn)和方向性動(dòng)詞的變化鞏固練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或直接引語(yǔ)1.Hesaidtome,“Iwrotealettertomyparentslastweek.”He______methat_____________aletterto_____parents__________________.2.“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,”mothersaidtoherdaughter.Mother_______herdaughterthatthesun_______uptheeastand_________inthewest.toldhehadwrittenhistheweekbeforetoldrisessets鞏固練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或直接引語(yǔ)told3.“Don’tbelateagain,Jim,”saidtheteacher.Theteacher_______________belateagain.4.“HaveyouseenthefilmHarryPotter?”heasked.Heaskedme_______________thefilmHarryPotter.5.MrWangaskedthestudentshowtheycouldimprovetheirspokenEnglish.“____________improve_______spokenEnglish?”MrWangsaidtothestudents.toldJimnottoifIhadseenHowcanyouyour3.“Don’tbelateagain,Jim,”GrammarII

定語(yǔ)從句GrammarII

1.定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)

2.定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

3.關(guān)系詞的實(shí)質(zhì)和先行詞之間的關(guān)系

4.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及其容易混用的情況5.介詞加關(guān)系代詞的情況

6.as引導(dǎo)的兩種定語(yǔ)從句1.定語(yǔ)從句的分類(lèi)3.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachi