小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, cat-cats,bed-beds．以s.x.sh.ch 結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以“輔音字母yyi,再加-esfamily-families,strawberry-strawberriesffe”結(jié)尾，變ffev,再加-esLeaf——leaves不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teeth

policeman-policemen,fish-fish,Japanese-Japanese

people-people, Chinese-Chinese,寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I

herwatch

diaryday

foot

book

dresstooth

sheep

box

strawberrypeach sandwich dish bus man woman 二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：skyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthe地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)be(am,is,are) 其它。如Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)行為動(dòng)詞(其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese. 瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。【No.2】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)benot其它。如：Heisnotaworker. 他不是工人一般疑問(wèn)句：Be主語(yǔ)其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.非凡疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?如：如：

行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)don't(doesn't) 動(dòng)詞原形(其它)。Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does) 主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.動(dòng)詞s的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-smilk-milkss.x.sh.ch.o-eswash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes以“輔音字母yyi,再加-esstudy-studies般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練:、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)drink

go

stay

makelook have pass carry come

watch

plant

flystudy teach wash

brush

do 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。HeoftenDanieland

(have)dinnerathome.(be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?Saturdays?

they

(do) oneveryevening.

yourparents (read)newspapersThegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryThere (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.carefully.

My

(look) after her babyFriday.

Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’ mstayinginbed.She (go) toschoolfromMondaytoLiuTao (do)notlikePE.evening.

Thechild

(watch) TVinthethis

SuHaiandSuYang (have)eight lessons－Whatday (be)ittoday?It’sSaturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be動(dòng)詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在benot現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的非凡疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意be主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意be動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加ingcook-cooking以不發(fā)音的eeingmake-making,taste-tasting假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ingrun-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play make go _ski

run like

swimwrite read dance put

have see

sing buy love

live

take

come get stop shop

sit

begin 二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：Theboy

(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (theclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.lesson.classroom

What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishThey (not,water)theflowers7.Look!thegirls (dance)inWhat is our granddaughter (listen)tomusic.It’s 5 o’clock (have)suppernow

doing?now.

SheWe Helen Yes,sheis.

)clothes?四、將來(lái)時(shí)理論及練習(xí)、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingtodo；②willdo.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）lnot情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加notwont。Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、同義句：begoingtowillIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（）Igoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。friends.

I

haveapicnicwithmyI haveapicnicwithmyfriends.我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)We learnWe learnEnglish.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as（wasnot=wasn’t）are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere（werenot=weren’t）句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子didnt動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidntgohomeyesterday動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：work -worked ,cook-cooked

結(jié)尾是e加d，如：live lived末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-edstudy-studied不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式is\am plant are drink

play

go

makedoes

dance

worry

asktaste eat put kick pass do Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）Name No. Date 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There

anappleontheplateyesterday.Sunday.

There

somemilkinthefridgeonevening.

Themobilephone onthesofayesterday、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlast行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)（2）Name No. Date 、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I (watch)acartoononSaturday.night.

Herfather

(read)anewspaper lastpark.

We tozooyesterday,we tothe you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival? he (fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he .Day

GaoShan

(pull)upcarrotslastNationalI mymother .

(sweep)theflooryesterday,butWhat she (find)inthelastmorning?She (find)abeautifulbutterfly.六、人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性Imemymineyouyouyouryourshehimhishissheherherhersitititsitsweusourourstheythemtheirtheirs習(xí)題一.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Thatisnot kite.Thatkiteissmall,but isverybig.(I)Thedressis .Giveitto .(she)

Isthis watch?(you)No,it’ snot .(I)4.

ismybrother.

nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare .(he)二、用am,is,are 填空I aboy. youaboy?No,I not.

Thegirl Jack'ssister.Thedog tallandfat.Themanwithbigeyes ateacher.5.Where

yourbrotherintheclassroom?yourmother?She athome.How yourfather?MikeandLiuTao atschool.Whosedress this?Whosesocks 具體用法Hello的用法：Hello的意思為“您好”，一般可作為熟人，親朋好友之間的打招呼用語(yǔ),語(yǔ)氣比較隨便，例如：Hello,LiHua!你好，李華。Hello,Tom!你好，湯姆！Hello也可以用以引起某人注意，常用在打電話(huà)時(shí)或者在路上Hi來(lái)代替hello，但前者顯得更隨便。What'syourname? 的用法：當(dāng)兩人初次見(jiàn)面互相詢(xún)問(wèn)姓名時(shí)，可用What'syourname?來(lái)提問(wèn)，回答時(shí)，可用Mynameis….來(lái)回答,接著反問(wèn)對(duì)方時(shí)，可用Andwhat'syourname?來(lái)提問(wèn)。例如：Hi!What'syourname?Hi!MynameisLucy.Andwhat'syourMynameisWangYing.你好，你叫什么名字？你好，我叫露西。你叫什么名字？我叫王英。句中的What's是Whatis的縮寫(xiě)形式。3.Goodmorning,class(teacher). 的用法Goodmorning,class. 同學(xué)們好。Goodmorning，teacher.老師好。這是上午上課時(shí)，老師和全班同學(xué)互相問(wèn)候時(shí)用語(yǔ)。Goodmorning是上午問(wèn)候時(shí)的用語(yǔ)，多用于熟人，朋友或家人之間，是比較正式的問(wèn)候用語(yǔ)。句中問(wèn)候語(yǔ)放在前面，稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)則要放在后面，并用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。例如：Goodmorning.Mr.White. 懷特先生，你好。4.英語(yǔ)字母：英語(yǔ)中有26個(gè)字母，每一字母有大寫(xiě)形式和小寫(xiě)形式兩種。大小寫(xiě)形式如下：AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIIJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZzAreyouAreyouaworker?你是一名工人嗎？Areyouastudent?你是學(xué)生嗎？回答時(shí)用Yes,Iam.（）No,I'mnot.（我不是）YesNo后面都有逗號(hào)，不能省略。Nicetomeetyou. 的用法：這是兩位初次見(jiàn)面相識(shí)后的用語(yǔ)，意思是“見(jiàn)到你很高興?！币?jiàn)面相識(shí)可由自我介紹，第三者介紹或者詢(xún)問(wèn)相識(shí)。例如：Hello!I'mXiaoHua.Hello!I'mXiaoLi.Nicetomeetyou,XiaoLi.Nicetomeetyou,too,XiaoHua.你好，我是小華你好，我是小李。小李，見(jiàn)到你我很高興。小華，見(jiàn)到你我也很高興3.Whereis …?的用法：這一句型表示“某物或某人在什么地方”。它同中文的句型結(jié)構(gòu)不一樣，where在前，而某物或某人在后，例如：Whereismy我的書(shū)在哪兒？It'sthere.在這兒。WhereisTom在哪兒？Heishere.他在這兒。句中的whereis可以縮寫(xiě)成“where's”。4.am,is和are的用法：這三個(gè)詞都是“是”的含義，但用法比中文中的“是”要復(fù)雜，英語(yǔ)中的am,is和arebe的變化形式，根據(jù)不同的主語(yǔ)選用不同的動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)I用am,表示復(fù)數(shù)的主語(yǔ)和單數(shù)“you其它則用isIamateacher.我是教師。Youareaworker.你是一個(gè)工人。Youarestudents.你們是學(xué)生。SheisMissGao.她是高小姐。Thisbookismine.這本書(shū)是我的?！九c熟人打招呼】：英美人一天中見(jiàn)面都要打招呼，根據(jù)一天中不同的時(shí)間選用不GoodmorningGoodafternoon，晚上見(jiàn)面時(shí)則要說(shuō)Goodevening。對(duì)方也用相同的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)來(lái)回答。例如：Goodmorning,Mr.Green.Goodmorning,MissLi.【Sorry的用法】：Sorry表示“對(duì)不起”或“抱歉”，用于對(duì)自己的過(guò)錯(cuò)，失誤，不能做某事或者不能提供對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求時(shí)常用sorry或者I'msorry來(lái)表示。例如：Canyouspellyourname? 你能拼一下你的名字嗎？I'msorry.Ican't.對(duì)不起，我不能。What'sthetime,please? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)幾點(diǎn)鐘了Sorry,Idon'tknow. 對(duì)不起，我不知道【Excuseme的用法】：這是用于向某人詢(xún)問(wèn)一件事或提出請(qǐng)求而打擾某人時(shí)的用語(yǔ)。Excuseme!Whereismybag? 對(duì)不起，我的包在哪兒呢？Excuseme!AreyouTeacherWang?對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)問(wèn)你是王老師嗎？【W(wǎng)hat's…的用法】：這個(gè)句型用于詢(xún)問(wèn)某人叫什么或者某個(gè)東西是什么，例如：What'sthis?It'sabook.這是什么？這是一本書(shū)。What'syourname?你叫什么名字？MynameisLucy.我叫Lucy.英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第一單元名詞名詞可分為專(zhuān)有名詞與普通名詞，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞，簡(jiǎn)單名詞與復(fù)合名詞。學(xué)習(xí)本章后要求學(xué)員掌握可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化形式，特別是名詞的不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)形式的