三層交換機(jī)VLAN通信、靜態(tài)路由

2【實(shí)訓(xùn)背景】

三層交換機(jī)VLAN通信配置

【實(shí)訓(xùn)設(shè)備】S21262，S37601、直連線〔4、PC(2【實(shí)訓(xùn)拓?fù)洹科髽I(yè)有兩個(gè)主要部門(mén)，技術(shù)部和銷(xiāo)售部，分別在不同的辦公室，為了安全和便于治理對(duì)需要銷(xiāo)售部和技術(shù)部的主機(jī)能夠相互訪問(wèn)，獲得相應(yīng)的資源，兩個(gè)部門(mén)的交換機(jī)通過(guò)一臺(tái)三層交換機(jī)進(jìn)展了連接?！緦?shí)訓(xùn)目的】把握三層交換機(jī)根本配置方法、把握三層交換機(jī)VLAN路由的配置方法【技術(shù)原理】在交換網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，通過(guò)VLAN對(duì)一個(gè)物理網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)展了規(guī)律劃分，不同的VLAN之間是無(wú)法直接VLAN間的相互訪問(wèn)。三層交換機(jī)和路由器具備網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的功能，能夠依據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)的IP行選路和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)不同網(wǎng)段之間的訪問(wèn)。

【主要命令】

SwitchCF0/24SwitchCF0/243760 F0/23F0/24S2126AF0/1F0/23S2126BF0/1NICNICIPIP三層交換機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)VLAN互訪的原理是，利用三層交換機(jī)的路由功能，通過(guò)識(shí)別數(shù)據(jù)包的IP地址，查找路由表進(jìn)展選路轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。三層交換機(jī)利用直連路由可以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同VLANSVIVLANIP【實(shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容】1、依據(jù)拓?fù)溥M(jìn)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接2VLANTrunk3、配置三層交換機(jī)的路由功能4、測(cè)試【實(shí)現(xiàn)功能】VLANVLAN統(tǒng)也能進(jìn)展相互通信。

switchportmodetrunk、switchportaccessvlan id【實(shí)訓(xùn)步驟】1、在交換機(jī)(S2126A)SwitchA上創(chuàng)立Vlan10，并將0/1Vlan10中。Switch#Switch#configureterminal！進(jìn)入全局配置模式。Switch(config)#hostname SwitchASwitchA(config)#vlan10！創(chuàng)立Vlan10。SwitchA(config-vlan)#exitSwitchA(config)#interfacefastethernet0/1！進(jìn)入接口配置模式。SwitchA(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan10！將0/1Vlan10。SwitchA(config-if)#end驗(yàn)證測(cè)試：驗(yàn)證已創(chuàng)立了Vlan100/1端口已劃分到Vlan10中。SwitchA#showvlanid10VLANName Status Ports----------------------------------------------------------------------------10 VLAN0010 active Fa0/12、在交換機(jī)(S2126B)SwitchBVlan20，并將0/1Vlan20中。Switch#Switch#configureterminal！進(jìn)入全局配置模式。Switch(config)#hostname SwitchBSwitchB(config)#vlan20！創(chuàng)立Vlan20。SwitchB(config-vlan)#exitSwitchB(config)#interfacefastethernet0/1！進(jìn)入接口配置模式。SwitchB(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan20！將0/1Vlan20。SwitchB(config-if)#end驗(yàn)證測(cè)試：驗(yàn)證已創(chuàng)立了Vlan200/2端口已劃分到Vlan20中。SwitchB#showvlanid20VLANName Status Ports20 VLAN0020 active Fa0/1、SwitchB3760(SwitchC)相連的端口〔0/23、0/24〕定義為tagvlan模式。SwitchA#SwitchA#conftSwitchA(config)#interfacefastethernet0/24！進(jìn)入接口配置模式。modetrunkfastethernet0/24tagvlan模式。fastethernet0/24端口已被設(shè)置為tagvlanSwitchA#showinterfacesfastEthernet0/24switchport

Interface SwitchportMode Access Native ProtectedVLANlists-------------------------------------------------------------------------Fa0/24 Enabled Trunk 1 1 Disabled SwitchB#SwitchB#conftSwitchB(config)#interfacefastethernet0/23！進(jìn)入接口配置模式。SwitchB(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk！將fastethernet0/23端口設(shè)為tagvlan模式。fastethernet0/23端口已被設(shè)置為tagvlanSwitchB#showinterfacesfastEthernet0/23switchportInterface SwitchportMode Access Native ProtectedVLANlists-------------------------------------------------------------------------Fa0/23 Enabled Trunk 1 1 Disabled AllSwitchCSwitchASwitchB〔0/230/24端口定義為tagvlan模式。Switch#Switch#confSwitch(config)#hostSwitchCSwitchC(config)#interfacefastethernet0/23！進(jìn)入接口配置模式。SwitchC(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk！將fastethernet0/23tagvlan模式。SwitchC(config)#interfacefastethernet0/24！進(jìn)入接口配置模式。SwitchC(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk！將fastethernet0/24tagvlan模式。SwitchC(config-if)#end驗(yàn)證測(cè)試：驗(yàn)證fastethernet0/23端口已被設(shè)置為tagvlanSwitchc#showinterfacesfastEthernet0/23switchportInterfaceSwitchportModeAccessNativeProtectedVLANlistsFa0/23EnabledTrunk11DisabledAll驗(yàn)證fastethernet0/24端口已被設(shè)置為tagvlanSwitchc#showinterfacesfastEthernet0/24switchportInterfaceSwitchportModeAccessNativeProtectedVLANlists------------------------------------------------------------------Fa0/24EnabledTrunk11DisabledAll5、驗(yàn)證PC1與PC2C:\>ping0PC2pingPC1Pinging0with32bytesofdata:Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Requesttimedout.Pingstatisticsfor0:Packets:Sent=4,Received=0,Lost=4(100%loss),6、設(shè)置三層交換機(jī)VLAN間通訊。在交換機(jī)SwitchC上創(chuàng)立Vlan10、Vlan20并配置IPSwitchC#configureterminal！進(jìn)入全局配置模式。SwitchC(config)#vlan10Vlan10。SwitchC(config-vlan)#exitSwitchCconfigureterminal！進(jìn)入全局配置模式。SwitchC(config)#vlan20！創(chuàng)立Vlan20。SwitchC(config-vlan)#exitSwitchC(config)#intvlan10Switchc(config-if)#ipaddSwitchc(config-if)#nosh

Switchc(config-if)#exitSwitchC(config)#intvlan20SwitchC(config-if)#ipaddSwitchC(config-if)#noshSwitchC(config-if)#exitSwitchC(config)#7、將PC1和PC2PC2的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)設(shè)置為：。8、測(cè)試結(jié)果。不同VLAN內(nèi)的主機(jī)可以相互PINGC:\>ping0Pinging0with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=19msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=21msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor0:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=19ms,Maximum=21ms,Average=20ms路由器靜態(tài)路由配置【實(shí)訓(xùn)背景】學(xué)校有舊兩個(gè)校區(qū)，每個(gè)校區(qū)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的局域網(wǎng)，為了使舊校區(qū)能夠正常相互通2MDDN【實(shí)訓(xùn)目的】把握靜態(tài)路由的配置方法和技巧，生疏廣域網(wǎng)線纜的連接方式。【技術(shù)原理】去。實(shí)現(xiàn)不同網(wǎng)段的主機(jī)之間的相互訪問(wèn)。3直連路由給路由器接口配置一個(gè)IP地址，路由器自動(dòng)產(chǎn)生本接口IP所在網(wǎng)段的路由信息。由信息，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)不同網(wǎng)段之間的連接。在路由器上運(yùn)行動(dòng)態(tài)路由協(xié)議，路由器之間相互自動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生路由信息?！緦?shí)訓(xùn)內(nèi)容】1、依據(jù)拓?fù)溥M(jìn)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接2、配置路由器的接口地址參數(shù)3、配置靜態(tài)路由4、測(cè)試【實(shí)現(xiàn)功能】實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的互連互通，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)信息的共享和傳遞?！緦?shí)訓(xùn)設(shè)備】R17622，PC〔2、直連線2、V.351〕【實(shí)訓(xùn)拓?fù)洹?/p>

【主要命令】Iproute,clockrate,noshutdown,ipaddress【實(shí)訓(xùn)步驟】1、在路由器Router1IP地址和串口上的時(shí)鐘頻率。router#confrouter#hostRouter1Router1(config)#interfacefastethernet1/0 ！進(jìn)入接口fastethernet1/0式Router1(config-if)#ipaddress ！配置路由器接口fastethernet1/0IP地址Router1(config)#noshutdown ！開(kāi)啟路由器fastethernet0接口Router1(config)#interfaceserial1/2 ！進(jìn)入接口S1/2配置模式Router1(config-if)#ipaddress S1/2的IP地址Router1(config-if)#clockrate64000 ！配置Router1的時(shí)鐘頻率〔DCE〕Router1(config)#noshutdown ！開(kāi)啟路由器serial1/2接口Router1(config)#end驗(yàn)證路由器接口的配置Router1#showipinterfacebriefInterface IP-Address(Pri) OK? Statusserial1/2 /24 YES UPserial1/3 noaddress YES DOWNFastEthernet1/0 /24 YES UPFastEthernet1/1 noaddress YES DOWNNull0 noaddress YES Router1#showinterfaceserial1/2serial1/2isUP ,lineprotocolisUPHardwareisPQ2SCCHDLCCONTROLLERserialInterfaceaddressis:/24MTU1500bytes,BW2022KbitEncapsulationprotocolisHDLC,loopbacknotsetKeepaliveintervalis10sec,setCarrierdelayis2secRXloadis1,Txloadis1Queueingstrategy:WFQ5minutesinputrate15bits/sec,0packets/sec5minutesoutputrate17bits/sec,0packets/sec1030packetsinput,22660bytes,0nobufferReceived1030broadcasts,0runts,0giants14inputerrors,1CRC,12frame,0overrun,1abort1031packetsoutput,22682bytes,0underruns

Router2#showipinterfacebriefInterface IP-Address(Pri) OK? Status0outputerrors,0collisions,3interfaceresetsserial1/2/24 YES UP1carriertransitionsserial1/3noaddress YES DOWNV35DCEcableFastEthernet1/0/24 YES UPDCD=up DSR=upDTR=upRTS=upCTS=upFastEthernet1/1noaddressYESDOWNNull0noaddressYESUP2、在路由器Router1上配置靜態(tài)路由。Router1#confRouter1(config)#iproute或：Router1(config)#iprouteserial1/2驗(yàn)證Router1上的靜態(tài)路由配置Router1#showiprouteCodes: C-connected,S-static, R-RIPO-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2*-candidatedefaultGatewayoflastresortisnosetC /24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/0C /32islocalhost.C /24isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C /32islocalhost.S /24[1/0]via3、在路由器Router2IP地址和串口上的IP地址。router#confrouter#hostname Router2(config)#Router2(config)#interfacefastethernet1/0！進(jìn)入接口fastethernet1/0的配置模式Router2(config-if)#ipaddress fastethernet1/0IP地址Router2(config)#noshutdown ！開(kāi)啟路由器fastethernet0接口Router2(config)#interfaceserial1/2S1/2配置模式Router2(config-if)#ipaddress S1/2的IP地址Router2(config)#noshutdown ！開(kāi)啟路由器serial1/2接口Router2(config)#end驗(yàn)證路由器接口的配置

Router2#showinterfaceserial1/2serial1/2isUP ,lineprotocolisUPHardwareisPQ2SCCHDLCCONTROLLERserialInterfaceaddressis:/24MTU1500bytes,BW2022KbitEncapsulationprotocolisHDLC,loopbacknotsetKeepaliveintervalis10sec,setCarrierdelayis2secRXloadis1,Txloadis1Queueingstrategy:WFQ5minutesinputrate17bits/sec,0packets/sec5minutesoutputrate17bits/sec,0packets/sec1082packetsinput,23804bytes,0reslack,0nobuffer,0droppedReceived1082broadcasts,0runts,0giants1inputerrors,0CRC,1frame,0overrun,0abort1082packetsoutput,23804bytes,0underruns,0droppedoutputerrors,0collisions,3interfaceresetscarriertransitionsV35DTEcableDCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up4、在路由器Router2上配置靜態(tài)路由。Router2#confRouter2(config)#iproute或：Router2(config)#iprouteserial1/2驗(yàn)證Router2上的靜態(tài)路由配置Router2#showiprouteCodes: C-connected,S-static, R-RIPO-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2*-candidatedefaultGatewayoflastresortisnosetS /24[1/0]viaC /24isdirectlyconnected,serial1/2C /32islocalhost.C /24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet1/0C /32islocalhost.5、測(cè)試網(wǎng)絡(luò)的互連互通性。C:\>ping0！從PC1pingPC2C:\>ping0Pinging0with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=19msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=21msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor0:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=19ms,Maximum=21ms,Average=20msC:\>ping0！從PC2pingPC1Pinging0with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=19msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=21msTTL=126Replyfrom0:bytes=32time=20msTTL=126Pingstatisticsfor0:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=19ms,Maximum=21ms,Average=20ms背景介紹:以下圖為某學(xué)校網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)淠M圖，接入層設(shè)備承受S2126G交換機(jī)，在接入交換機(jī)上劃分了辦公網(wǎng)VLAN20VLAN30。為了保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)的穩(wěn)定性，接入層和會(huì)聚層通過(guò)兩條鏈路相連，會(huì)聚層交S3550,會(huì)聚層交換機(jī)通過(guò)VLAN1F0/10RARARBRBFTP說(shuō)明R1762R2620F1/0R2620F0，S1/2R2620S0

試驗(yàn)要求1、在S3550與S2126VLAN〔15〕S2126的VLAN20F0/1-5S2126的VLAN30F0/6-10S3550VLAN80；d)F0/18－20,F0/22VLAN80。2、S3550S2126兩臺(tái)設(shè)備利用F0/23與F0/24建立TRUNK〔10〕S2126的F0/23和S3550的F0/23TRUNKS2126的F0/24和S3550的F0/24TRUNK3、S3550S2126〔10〕配置快速生成樹(shù)協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)冗余鏈路；S35504、在RARBIP〔10〕依據(jù)拓?fù)湟鬄槊總€(gè)接口配置IP地址保證全部配置的接口狀態(tài)為UP5、配置三層交換機(jī)的路由功能(12配置S3550VLAN20、VLAN30VLAN80〔7〕S3550VLAN1F0/10RAS3550pingAF1/0，ping得〔5。6、運(yùn)用RIPV2〔18〕a)S3550、路由器A、路由器B留意事項(xiàng)showshowS2126showspanning-treeshowrunning-config3550showrunning-configshowspanning-treeshowiproutepingRARBshowrunning-conifgshowipinterfacebriefshowiproute題號(hào):7此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分的結(jié)果題號(hào):8此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分的結(jié)果題號(hào):9此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分brief10此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分brief11此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分的結(jié)果12此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分的結(jié)果13此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69分試驗(yàn)配置參考：題號(hào):1此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69的結(jié)果題號(hào):2此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69的結(jié)果題號(hào):3此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69題號(hào):4此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69題號(hào):5此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69route的結(jié)果題號(hào):6此題分?jǐn)?shù):7.69S3550交換機(jī)ping

1、在S3550與S2126VLAN〔15〕S2126switch(config)#vlan20switch(config-vlan)#exitswitch(config)#vlan30switch(config-vlan)#exitswitch(config)#interfacerangefastEthernet0/1-5switch(config-if-range)#switchportaccessvlan20switch(config-if-range)#exitswitch(config)#interfacerangefastEthernet0/6-10switch(config-if-range)#switchportaccessvlan30switch(config-if-range)#exitswitch(config)#hostnameS2126S2126(config)#S3550switch(config)#vlan80switch(config-vlan)#exitswitch(config)#interfacerangefastEthernet0/18-20,0/22switch(config-if-range)#switchportaccessvlan80switch(config-if-range)#exitswitch(config)#hostnameS3550S3550(config)#2、S3550S2126兩臺(tái)設(shè)備利用F0/23與F0/24建立TRUNKS2126S2126(config)#interfacerangefastEthernet0/23-24S2126(config-if-range)#switchportmodetrunkS2126(config-if-range)#exitS2126(config)#S3550S3550(config)#interfacerangefastEthernet0/23-24S3550(config-if-range)#switchportmodetrunkS3550(config-if-range)#exitS3550(config)#S2126〔10〕S2126S2126(config)#spanning-treeS2126(config)#spanning-treemoderstpS3550S3550(config)#spanning-treeS3550(config)#spanning-treemoderstpS3550(config)#spanning-treepriority04、在RARBIP〔10〕RArouter(config)#hostnameRA

RA(config)#interfacefastEthernet1/0RA(config-if)#ipaddressRA(config-if)#noshutdownRA(config-if)#exitRA(config)#interfaceserial1/2RA(config-if)#ipaddress52RA(config-if)#noshutdownRA(config-if)#exitRA(config)#RBrouter(config)#hos