高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解歷史地理類

歷史地理類.專題導(dǎo)讀專題六

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歷史地理類文章一般涉及某個國家、地區(qū)、河流、山脈、海洋、城鎮(zhèn)等的地理位置以及與之相關(guān)的社會生活、社會風(fēng)情、政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、人文歷史、自然資源、文化習(xí)俗、文化遺產(chǎn)等方面的情況，相當(dāng)一部分文章還附有圖表供理解或參考。.專題六

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文章選材來源于英語國家的主要名勝或歷史事件，歷史年代；命題以細(xì)節(jié)題為主，有一定主觀推斷題；涉及一定的地理常識或歷史知識。閱讀史地類閱讀文章時，要重點(diǎn)弄清楚各個地名、人名之間的相互關(guān)系和各個國家、地區(qū)或城鎮(zhèn)之間的地理方位。如果文章或試題有附圖或附表，一定要把附圖或附表看懂、看明白。附圖或附表的存在就是幫助我們更好地讀懂和理解文章，輔助我們做好有關(guān)試題。.真題再現(xiàn)專題六

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[2010·重慶改編]SittingonthepeacefulcoastofGalapagosIslands，Ecuador，watchingthesunmovequietlyintothesea，youshouldn’tforgetthatCharlesDarwin(1809—1882)arrivedherein1835.Hestayedontheislandsforfiveweeks，observingvariousanimals.Thisfinallyinspired(啟發(fā))hisfamouswork，On

the

Origin

of

Species.YoucancertainlyfollowDarwin’sfootstepsandenjoyatripfromfourtosevendaystotheislands..專題六

│真題再現(xiàn)Theislandsarecertainlyaparadise(天堂)forwildlife，astherearenonaturalkillersontheislandsandthenumberofboatsandvisitorsisundergovernmentcontrol.ThoughyoucannotwalkfreelyasDarwindidabout200yearsago，eachdayisasimpressiveasitcouldbe..專題六

│真題再現(xiàn)Themostwell-knownanimaloftheGalapagosisthegianttortoise(巨型陸龜)，whichcanbeseenmovingslowlyaroundthehighlandsofSantaCruz，thesecondlargestislandinthearchipelago(群島)．SomeofthesecreaturesaresooldthattheymighthavebeenseenintheiryouthbyDarwinhimself..專題六

│真題再現(xiàn)Despitestrictcontroloveractivitiesandtiming，yourstayontheGalapagoswillberememberedasachainofincomparablepictures：divingwithsealionsthatswimandplaywithininchesofyou；feelingsmallsharkstouchyourfeetasyouswim；and，mostmagically，seeingawhaleandherbabysurfacewithagreatbreathofair..專題六

│真題再現(xiàn)TravelingbetweentheislandsandobservingthewildlifethatsoinspiredDarwin，youwillfeelasthoughyouaregettingaspecialviewofanuntouchedworld.Atnightyouwillsleeponboardtheship，leavingthewildlifeincompleteoccupationoftheislands，whichareasundisturbednowastheyhavebeensincethebeginningoftime..專題六

│真題再現(xiàn)(

)1.WhatdoweknowaboutDarwin’svisittotheislands?A.Hestudieddifferentcreaturesontheislands.B.Hecompletedhisfamousbookontheislands.C.Hewastouchedbythegeographyoftheislands.D.Hewasattractedbywell-knownanimalsoftheislands..專題六

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)2.Whichofthefollowingplaysaroleinmakingtheislands“aparadiseforwildlife”？

A.Animalsontheislandsfeedongrass.B.Localgovernmentforbidskillingwildlife.C.Peoplecannotvisittheislandsastheywish.D.Touristsarenotallowedtotouchtheanimals..專題六

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)3.Yourstayontheislandswillbemostimpressivemainlybecauseof________.A.thebeautifulseaviewsB.Darwin’sinspiringtripC.acloserviewofanimalsD.variousdaringactivities.專題六

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)4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AUniqueAttractionforWildlifeLoversB.GalapagosasaParadiseforAdventurersC.CharlesDarwinasaSymbolofGalapagosD.ASuccessfulExampleofWildlifeProtection.專題六

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)5.Theintendedreadersofthepassagearethosewho________.A．wanttostudytheoriginofspeciesB．a(chǎn)refondoftravelingaroundtheworldC．a(chǎn)reinterestedinstudyingwildlifeD．wanttobeinspiredbynaturalbeauty.專題六

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【文章大意】本文介紹了一個冒險(xiǎn)家的樂園GalapagosIslands，達(dá)爾文曾在這兒受到啟發(fā)寫出了《物種起源》一書，同時，由于這兒保護(hù)得很好，直到現(xiàn)在依然是旅游的好去處。

1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Hestayedontheislandsforfiveweeks,observingvariousanimals.”知道達(dá)爾文在島上觀察各種動物。

2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Despitestrictcontroloveractivitiesandtiming…”可知答案。.專題六

│真題再現(xiàn)

3.C推理判斷題。從文章最后三段的描寫中知道，在島上能夠給人印象深刻的就是和動物近距離的接觸，例如：海里小鯊魚的頑皮，海邊海龜?shù)挠崎e等。

4.A主旨大意題?？v觀整篇文章，作者描寫了島嶼的美麗風(fēng)景，豐富的生物，較好的自然保護(hù)，故選A。

5．B推理判斷題。綜合全文再結(jié)合第一段“YoucancertainlyfollowDarwin’sfootstepsandenjoyatripfromfourtosevendaystotheislands.”可知，全文旨在介紹一個旅游的好去處，由此可推斷文章主要為那些愛好旅游者所寫，故選B。.專題預(yù)測專題六

│專題預(yù)測WinterweathermayhavecomelatetopartsoftheUnitedStatesthisyear,buttheMidwestandNortheastarefinallyfirminwinter’sicygrasp.Travel,InterruptedThefreezingcoldhascreateddangerousdrivingconditionsacrossthecountry.Icyroadshaveledtoatleast13deathsinsevenstates.Minnesotapolicereported290accidentsduringrushhouronTuesday..專題六

│專題預(yù)測Airtravelhasbeendisruptedaswell.Morethan140flightswerecanceledatO’HareInternationalAirportinChicago,Illinois.Sometravelershadtocampoutinterminals(終點(diǎn)站)overnight.TedBushelman,aspokesmanfortheCincinnati/NorthernKentuckyInternationalAirport,saidthatafewhundredpassengersspentthenightthere.“Allthehotelroomsintheareaweretaken,notjustbecauseofcanceledflightsbutbecausehighwaytravelwasalmostimpossible，”hesaid..專題六

│專題預(yù)測TheBigChill(寒流)SomeareasinupstateNewYorkhavereceivedmorethanfivefeetofsnowoveratwo-dayperiod.Weatherforecasterssaidtheregioncouldgetmorethaneightfeetofsnowbeforetheweekend.OnTuesday,WestVirginiaexperiencedthecoldesttemperaturesrecordedinthestateinFebruarysince1996,theweatherservicesaid..專題六

│專題預(yù)測SunnyOutlookThereissomesignofrelieftocome.OnWednesday,temperaturesinChicagoroseslightlyto0degreesFahrenheit,withawindchillofminus14degreesFahrenheit.That’sanimprovementfromMondaywhenthewindchillmadeitfeelasifitwereminus30degreesFahrenheit.NationalWeatherServicemeteorologist(氣象學(xué)家)TimSeeleysaidthattheareashouldexpecttemperaturesinthelow20sbytheweekend..專題六

│專題預(yù)測Forsometheheavysnowfallwascauseforcelebration.Skiresortsthathadbeensufferingfromthemildwinterwelcomedmorewhiteontheslopes.“Itwastheperfectstorm，”saidJoeStevens,spokesmanfortheWestVirginiaSkiAreasAssociation.“OverfourfeetofsnowhasfallensincethemiddleofJanuary,whichhasreallyturnedthesituationaroundfortheresortsthatwereexperiencing…abovenormaltemperaturesearlierintheseason.”.專題六

│專題預(yù)測(

)1.Themainideadiscussedinthepassageis________.A．trafficaccidentsinAmericaB．coldweatherinAmericaC．difficultroadconditionsD．heavysnowinAmerica.專題六

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)2.Deathsandaccidentswerecausedby________.A．roadscoveredwithiceandsnowB．strongcoldwindsblowingatahighspeedC．heavysnow D．toocoldweather.專題六

│專題預(yù)測(

)3.Whywerethehotelsfullinthisarea?A．Becausethereweresomanypeoplehavingtheirhomedestroyed.B．Itwastoocoldforpeopletogoout.C．Becauseairandhighwaytravelwerecutoff.D．Therewerenotenoughhotelsinthisarea..專題六

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)4.WhichofthefollowingaboutWestVirginiaisTRUE?A．Itwashitbytheheaviestsnowinhisstory.B．Itsroadswerecutoffbythesnowstorm.C．Itwouldfacefineweatherverysoon.D．Itexperiencedverylowtemperature.(

)5.Whichofthefollowingwelcomedthecoldweatherandheavysnow?A．Farmers.

B．Skiresorts.C．Drivers.D．Officials..專題六

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【文章大意】本文主要介紹了美國的一次寒流的情況，包括交通事故、乘客滯留、對滑雪勝地有利等。

1．B主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了美國的一次寒流的情況，包括交通事故、乘客滯留、對滑雪勝地有利等，都圍繞著寒流展開。

2．A歸納判斷題。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。.專題六

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3．C分析概括題。航空和公路交通由于惡劣天氣中斷，乘客滯留，致使旅館爆滿。由第三段最后一句可知。

4．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。WestVirginia經(jīng)歷了一次溫度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。

5．B段落歸納題。幾家歡樂幾家愁，滑雪勝地非常喜歡這場大雪，因?yàn)樗麄冋秊榕傺┒l(fā)愁呢。.專題六

│專題預(yù)測(二)TheengineerCamilloOlivettiwas40yearsoldwhenhestartedthecompanyin1908.AthisfactoryinIvrea，hedesignedandproducedthefirstItaliantypewriter.Todaythecompany’sheadofficeisstillinIvrea,nearTurin,butthecompanyismuchlargerthanitwasinthosedaysandthereareofficesallaroundtheworld.By1930therewasastaffof700andthecompanyturnedout13,000machinesayear.SomewenttocustomersinItaly，butOlivettiexportedmoretypewriterstoothercountries..專題六

│專題預(yù)測Camillo’sson,Adriano,startedworkingforthecompanyin1924andlaterhebecametheboss.Heintroducedastandardspeedfortheproductionlineandheemployedtechnologyanddesignspecialists.Thecompanydevelopednewandbettertypewritersandthencalculators(計(jì)算器)．In1959itproducedtheELEAcomputersystem.Thiswasthefirstmainframe(主機(jī))computerdesignedandmadeinItaly..專題六

│專題預(yù)測AfterAdrianodiedin1960,thecompanyhadaperiodoffinancialproblems.Othercompanies,especiallytheJapanese,madefasterprogressinelectronictechnologythantheItaliancompany.In1978,CarlodeBenedettibecamethenewboss.Olivettiincreaseditsmarketingandservicenetworksandmadeagreementswithothercompaniestodesignandproducemoreadvancedofficeequipment..專題六

│專題預(yù)測Soonitbecameoneoftheworld’sleadingcompaniesininformationtechnologyandcommunications.TherearenowfiveindependentcompaniesintheOlivettigroup—oneforpersonalcomputers，oneforotherofficeequipment,oneforsystemsandservices,andtwofortelecommunications..專題六

│專題預(yù)測(

)1.Fromthetextwelearnthat________.A.by1930Olivettiproduced13,000typewritersayearB.Olivettiearnedmoreinthe1960sthaninthe1950sC.someofOlivetti’s700staffregularlyvisitedcustomersinItalyD.Olivettisetupofficesinothercountriesfromtheverybeginning.專題六

│專題預(yù)測(

)2.WhatwasprobablythedirectresultofOlivetti’sfallingbehindinelectronictechnology?A.Adriano’sdeath.B.Aperiodoffinancialproblems.C.Itsfasterprogress.D.Itsagreementswithothercompanies..專題六

│專題預(yù)測(

)3.WhatdoweknowaboutOlivetti?A.Itproducedthebesttypewriterintheworld.B.Itdesignedtheworld’sfirstmainframecomputer.C.Itexportedmoretypewritersthanothercompanies.D.IthasfiveindependentcompanieswithitsheadofficeinIvrea..專題六

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)4.Thebesttitleforthetextwouldbe________.A.TheOriginofOlivettiB.TheSuccessofOlivettiC.TheHistoryofOlivettiD.TheProductionofOlivetti.專題六

│專題預(yù)測(

)5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarlodeBenedetti?A．HeisthegrandsonofCamilloOliver.B．HebecamethenewbosssinceAdrianowasnotcapableofmanagement.C．HetooksomeeffectivemeasuresandthenchangedthesituationofOlivetti.D．Heintroducedastandardspeedfortheproductionlineandheemployedtechnologyanddesignspecialists..專題六

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【文章大意】本文介紹了OliverGroup的創(chuàng)立過程、發(fā)展的階段、革新的舉措和如今的現(xiàn)狀。讓我們了解這家公司的歷史。

1.A從第二段第一句可知。選項(xiàng)B文章沒提到。選項(xiàng)C它的一些員工沒有定期接觸消費(fèi)者。SomewenttocustomersinItaly中some是指machines。選項(xiàng)D不是一開始而是現(xiàn)在，注意thereareofficesallaroundtheworld.的時態(tài)。.專題六

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2.B由第四段知經(jīng)濟(jì)上的問題導(dǎo)致了落后。

3.D選項(xiàng)A和B說是世界上最好的或第一個，都不對；選項(xiàng)C沒提到，根據(jù)最后一段選D。

4.C本文按時間順序講述了它的發(fā)展過程。

5．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段可知。..9、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:48:17AM11、以我獨(dú)沈久，愧君相見頻。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、故人江海別，幾度隔山川。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、行動出成果，工作出財(cái)富。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317、做前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點(diǎn)的射線向前。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/119、沒有失敗，只有暫時停止成功！。2023/