過(guò)去分詞專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練含答案

.過(guò)去分詞講與練分詞的定義:動(dòng)詞的-ed分詞即過(guò)去分詞，是由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，一般只有一種形式。過(guò)去分詞的語(yǔ)法作用：過(guò)去分詞一方面具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。一過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，主要表示主語(yǔ)的心理感覺(jué)或所處的狀態(tài)。如：(1）感到。。。。。。的，指人時(shí)常用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) ,interested,excited, interested感興趣的,tired疲勞的,pleased高興的,surprised吃驚的(2）表示完成的或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作常用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) ,closed關(guān)閉的,lost丟失的,known著名的married已婚的,gone遺失的,worried擔(dān)憂的(3)seated/dressed/broken/based固定用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) ;(4）get+過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)（getpaid/changed/drunk/burnt/lost/hurt/injurieed/criticizeddrowned）例如：Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallygetpaidbythehour.Heisquitepleasedwiththedesignofthedress. 她很喜歡那禮服的式樣。He_____________afterreadingtheletter．看完信后,他看起來(lái)?yè)?dān)憂。He___________________attheidea．聽(tīng)到這個(gè)想法 ,他似乎相當(dāng)高興。I_____________atthenews．聽(tīng)了這消息我非常高興。二過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)位 前置定語(yǔ)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分置 后置定語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)詞 意 及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞：表示被動(dòng)、完成作定語(yǔ) 義 不及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞：表示完成與定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換Ifoundalotofmovedstudents,whoweredeeplymovedbythemovingfilm.ChinaisstilladevelopingcountrywhileJapanisalreadyadevelopedcountry.Theastonishedexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthatheknewnothingaboutthematter.Theseatedstudentssuddenlyfoundalltheseatswerebrokenones.Weneedmorequalifiedteachers. 我們需要更多合格的教師。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)通常放在被修飾的詞后面，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：Isthereanythingplannedfortomorrow? 明天有什么活動(dòng)嗎？Thesuggestionmadebytheforeignexpertwasadoptedbythemanager.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)也可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，前后用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。如：Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.將劃線部分轉(zhuǎn)換成定語(yǔ)從句Wedranksomeboiledwaterandwentonwithourwork.(= which ha d boiled )Hedidn’tturnuptheatmeetingheldyesterday.;...(=the meg whih was held yesa .)IfoundithardtounderstandtheEnglishspokenbynativevillagers.(=the Enlh whch was spoen b y natve villers.)______________被污染的空氣 ___________落葉三過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)1.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ) +逗號(hào)+主句結(jié)構(gòu)主句+逗號(hào)+過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的背景或情景，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等，表示意義做狀被動(dòng)或完成。語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ)：主句的邏輯主語(yǔ)與狀語(yǔ)從句或“連詞+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)，大多說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情景，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，這一結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是主句的主語(yǔ)。表示被動(dòng)或完成。① 表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前可加連詞when或while來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念.如：Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookedlikeabiggarden.AcceptedbytheParty,hedecidedtodevotehislifetothecauseoftheParty.②表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Deeplymovedbythestory,theexcitedpeoplestoppedquarrellingwitheachother.Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.③表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前可用 if等詞。如：Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.再給他一次機(jī)會(huì)，他會(huì)做得更好。Comparedwithyourbrother,youshouldmakegreatereffortstostudyEnglish.Ifheated,watercanbeturnedintosteam.水如果被加熱，會(huì)變成水蒸氣。④表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè) though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Exhaustedbytherunning,theywentonrunningaftertherobber.盡管已經(jīng)跑得筋疲力盡，他們還是繼續(xù)追趕著那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜。Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy. 盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續(xù)他的研究。⑤表方式或伴隨情況。如：Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhiswife.Seatedatthetable,myfatherandIweretalkingaboutmyjob.將過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成從句。Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.=When I t is see n fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.=If the y are ke pt inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.;...Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.=A s th ey we re deeply moved,thechildrenbegantocry.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.=Shewalkedoutofthehouse,a nd w as followed byherlittledaughter.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.=Although e was be aten bytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.四過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)意義過(guò)去結(jié)構(gòu)分詞做賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞

說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義。過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)關(guān)系）介詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞1.表“希望”“意愿”愛(ài)“憎”“要求”的動(dòng)詞：want,wish,expect,like,hate,order2.表感覺(jué)或思維活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞 (短語(yǔ))feel,hear,listento,see,watch,look at,observe,notice,find,think,consider3.表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞 have,make,get,keep,leave過(guò)去分詞可以在see,hear,notice,watch,find,get,have,feel,make,leave,keep等詞后與一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如：Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtoothexamined? 你什么時(shí)候去醫(yī)院檢查你的牙齒？Whenyouaremakingaspeech,youshouldspeakloudertomakeyourselfheard.當(dāng)這類(lèi)句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如：Oneoftheglasseswasfoundbroken. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一個(gè)杯子破了。Theyshouldbekeptinformedofthesituationthere. 應(yīng)該讓他們知道那兒的形勢(shì)。完成下列句子Withmanyflowers (plant)aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.Theyleftwithoutadish (touch).___________________________________. 他昨天拔了牙。_________________________onceamonth. 我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。________________________________________你應(yīng)該說(shuō)大聲點(diǎn)讓別人聽(tīng)到。_____.____________________ 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)水被污染了。I_____ _____ _____ _____ onSunday.我想在星期天完成工作。Hewon’t such_____ _____atthemeeting.他不喜歡這樣的問(wèn)題在會(huì)上討論。五特別注意“have+賓語(yǔ)+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義①(請(qǐng)人)把某事做完。Shehadherhouserepaired． 她請(qǐng)人把屋子修好了。Wheredidyouhaveyourhaircut? 你在哪兒理的發(fā) ?;...②遭遇某種意外情況。Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome． 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。Shehadherwalletstolenyesterday. 昨天她的錢(qián)包被偷了。③完成某事 (自己也可能參與 )。Ihavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrected． 我把所有的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤都改正了。Hehashadonethousandyuansavedthisyear． 他今年已存了 1000元。2. 過(guò)去分詞和– ing分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)通常表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或感受， 而-ing分詞作表語(yǔ)多表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征，如：Hearingthenews,wefeltverysurprised.Thenewsisverysurprising. 這個(gè)消息很令人驚訝。Theywerefrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound. 他們聽(tīng)到那可怕的聲音很害怕。Atthesightofthemovingscene,allthepeoplepresentweremovedtotears.英語(yǔ)中這樣的分詞還有很多， 如：amusing,amused;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;exciting,excited;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying,satisfied;worrying,worried;tiring,tired;pleasing,pleased;interesting,interested;astonishing,astonished等。用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意在句子主語(yǔ)和分詞短語(yǔ)之間不能使用并列連詞。如：［誤］Notknowingwhattodo，sosheaskedherfriendsforadvice．［正］Notknowingwhattodo，sheaskedherfriendsforadvice．如果分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)不是同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，就要用從句或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)代替分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。如：AsitwasSunday，thestreetswereespeciallycrowded．或：ItbeingSunday，thestreetswereespeciallycrowded．某些現(xiàn)在分詞可用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所說(shuō)的話所持的看法或態(tài)度，它們已變成固定詞組，在句中作獨(dú)立成分，與句子主語(yǔ)無(wú)關(guān)。 這類(lèi)現(xiàn)在分詞常見(jiàn)的有： generallyspeaking（一般地說(shuō)），strictlyspeaking（嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)），judgingfrom／by．．．（從??來(lái)判斷），talkingof．．．（說(shuō)到??），considering．．．（考慮到??），supposing．．．（假定??）等。如：Generallyspeaking，itisnoteasyforaforeignertolearnChinesewellinashorttime ．Consideringeverything，itwasn'tabadholiday．分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)和句子主語(yǔ)相一致。分詞與主語(yǔ)之間如果是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，就用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用過(guò)去分詞。例如：主動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)一般時(shí)態(tài)doingdone（被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作）進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)doingbeingdone（正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）完成時(shí)態(tài)havingdonedone/havingbeendone（已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）Hearingthegoodnews，wecouldn'thelpjumpingwithjoy．（＝Whenweheardthegoodnews，wecouldn'thelpjumpingwithjoy．）Seenfromthehills，theWestLakeisverybeautiful．（＝TheWestLakeisverybeautifulwhenitisseenfromthehills．）［試題選練］一選擇1.I'mgoingtohavemycar .;...A.tobefixedB.tofixC.fixedD.tofix2.What'sthelanguageinGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak3.someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowedby4.Hehadhisleginthematchyesterday.A.tobreakB.brokenC.breakD.breaking5.Mostofthepeopletothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting6.moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven7.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandsbehindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied8.Thecomputercenter,lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.hought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose10.TheOlympicGames,in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayed11.Don'tgetintherain.A.tobecaughtB.catchingC.tocatchD.caught12.Ifoundacarinapoolbythesideoftheroad.A.tobestuckB.stuckC.stickingD.stick13.---Bytheway,whendidyougetyourbedroom?---Lastweek.A.topaintB.paintedC.paintingD.tobepainted14.Thechildrenwerefoundinthecave.A.trappingB.trappedC.tobetrappedD.betrapped15.Theyfoundaoldwomanonthegroundwhenthedoorwasbrokendown.A.dying,lyingB.dead,liedC.death,layingD.died,lain16.Onamorningthelittlegirlwasfoundatthecornerofthestreet.A.freezing,freezingB.freezing,frozenC.frozen,frozenD.frozen,freezing17.Nooneenjoysfunofinpublic.A.makingB.beingmadeC.tobemadeD.tomake18.BeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword.A.speakingB.spokenC.tobespokenD.speak19.fromspace,theearth,withwaterseventypercentofitssurface,lookslikeablueball.A.Seen,coveredB.Seen,coveringC.Seeing,coveringD.Seeing,covered20.Ancrowdisawaitingthearrivalofthefilmstar.A.excitedB.excitingC.exciteD.excitedly二選擇適當(dāng)?shù)姆衷~1He'ssucha____guy.Heonlyevertalksabouthimself.(bored/boring);...I'mvery__________infilmsandtheatre.(interested/interesting)Itwasavery________________situation.(interested/interesting)There'sbeensomevery___________news.(surprised/surprising)Itwasavery________________situation.(interested/interesting)There'sbeensomevery___________news.(surprised/surprising)Dadalwaysarriveshomefromwork_____.(exhausted/exhausting)He'salwaysshowingoff.It'sreally_________.(annoyed/annoying)IthinkAlexisoneofthemost________________peopleI'veevermet.Hecan'tkeepstillforasecond.(annoyed/annoying)10IwalkedintothisrestaurantandtherewasAndywithastrangewoman.Heseemedreally________________.(embarrassed/embarrassing)三請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列句子。1.__________________(受到鄰居們的表?yè)P(yáng)),hebecametheprideofhisparents.2._______________________(如果給予更多的時(shí)間),I'llbeabletodoitbetter.3._______________________(心中充滿了希望與恐懼),heenteredthecave.4._______________________（從山頂往下看）,thecitylookedlikeabiggarden.5._______________________（被他的話所感動(dòng)）,Iacceptedhispresent.6._______________________（腿部受了傷）,hecouldn'twalkanyfurther.7._______________________（及時(shí)吃藥）,themedicinewillbequitedefective.8._____________（除非被邀請(qǐng)講話）,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.9.Theoldmanwentintotheroom,_______________________（由兒子扶著）.10._______________________（受到很多人的嘲笑）,theycontinuedstudy.四用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式填空Shecaughtthestudent_______(cheat)inexams.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundhim_________(repair)farmtools.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools_______.(repair)Justthenheheardsomeone_______(call)forhelp.Heworkedsohardthathegothispay______.(raise)Themissingboyswerelastseen_______(play)neartheriver.___________(compare)withtheoldone,thenewbuildinglooksmorebeautiful.Theworkershadthemachines_______(run)allnightlongtofinishtheworkontime.Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhouses______(make)ofbamboo._______(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.五句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Hewashitbythelackoffreshair.Hegotabadheadache.________________________________________________________________________2.Ifeltverytiredafterthelongjourney.Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation.________________________________________________________________________;...3.Themuseumwasbuiltin1910.Themuseumisalmost100yea