英語(yǔ)演講學(xué)習(xí)方法

英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)和演講

學(xué)習(xí)方法廈門(mén)大學(xué)英文系教授/博士廈大外語(yǔ)教學(xué)法研究室主任廈大外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)所副所長(zhǎng)

紀(jì)玉華講話(huà)就是生產(chǎn)力畢業(yè)論文答辯考研復(fù)試求職面試才藝比賽研討發(fā)言匯報(bào)工作勸導(dǎo)講解大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)的益處要講好外語(yǔ)，必須從朗讀開(kāi)始，懂得朗讀規(guī)則，嚴(yán)格按規(guī)則訓(xùn)練，吐字才會(huì)清晰，語(yǔ)流才會(huì)順暢，語(yǔ)調(diào)才會(huì)得體。

怎樣提高你的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)感?

培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感成為外語(yǔ)教學(xué)的重要任務(wù)。王德春

HowtoenhanceyourEnglishlanguagesense?音→詞→句→段朗讀→背誦→默寫(xiě)堅(jiān)持背誦→表演背誦→語(yǔ)感朗讀和背誦十項(xiàng)注意(1)天天“五一”，堅(jiān)持勞動(dòng)(2)讀“四字經(jīng)”，辨別異同長(zhǎng)衣短A/i:,i/;長(zhǎng)屋短歐/u:,u/小哀大愛(ài)/e,cat/;小阿大阿/cut,a:/(3)元音長(zhǎng)短，要看后面清輔音則縮短，濁輔音則延長(zhǎng)朗讀和背誦十項(xiàng)注意（4）清濁之別，實(shí)則強(qiáng)弱/p,b,t,d,k,g,f,v,s,z,[ch],[joy][sh][sure]（5）丟三落四，事半功倍[drop]Nexttime,holdtheboy,lastsummer（6）首尾相接，一氣呵成[link]I’llaskhimaboutitwhenIseehimagain朗讀和背誦十項(xiàng)注意（7）虛晃一槍?zhuān)b模作樣[loss]Blackboard,whitecat,blackcat,Badguy,shortstory,sadstory（8）禮讓三先，化繁為簡(jiǎn)[change]Sendmoney,didyou,don’tyouTenboys,tengirls,askedyou朗讀和背誦十項(xiàng)注意（9）欺軟怕硬，厚此薄彼Philosophy,nationality,Iraq,economy,economically,philosophically,techniqueIsuggestyoutalktoherthis

evening.表意重音：實(shí)詞重/虛詞輕實(shí)詞：動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、指示代詞。虛詞：介詞[雙音節(jié)介詞除外]、冠詞、連詞、人稱(chēng)代詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞、助動(dòng)詞。例如：IbelievethecourseIfollowedwithChinaistheonethat’sbestforAmerica,disagreeingwherewehaveseriousdisagreementsandpursuingourcommoninterestwhereIthoughtitwasintheinterestoftheUnitedStates.

邏輯重音：強(qiáng)調(diào)啥就突出啥Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.Isuggestyoutalktoherthisevening.邏輯重音:強(qiáng)調(diào)啥就突出啥Shewastryingtolose

weight.

Shewastryingtoloseweight.Shewastryingtoloseweight.Shewastryingtoloseweight.朗讀和背誦十項(xiàng)注意(10)聽(tīng)話(huà)聽(tīng)音，鑼鼓聽(tīng)聲降調(diào)（肯定、不客氣），平調(diào)，升調(diào)（疑問(wèn)、關(guān)心），降升調(diào)，升降調(diào)升調(diào)客氣，降調(diào)冷淡What’syourname?MayIhaveyourname,please?Whatcompanyareyourepresenting?Howdoyoupronounceyourname,please?WhatpartofAmericaareyoufrom?WhereisyourcompanylocatedinCanada?Whatwouldyouliketohave,teaofcoffee?A:I'mofftoEuropetomorrow.B:Where?

/Where?\Where?=Pleaserepeat,Ididn'tcatchwhatyousaid.

Offtowhere?=Pleaseamplify.WhereinEuropeareyougoing?朗讀和背誦十項(xiàng)注意朗讀技巧演練1：省/連/失/變Lastweek,Iwenttothetheatre.Ihadaverygoodseat.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Ididnotenjoyit.Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme.Theyweretalkingloudly.Igotveryangry.Icouldnotheartheactors.朗讀技巧演練2：省/連/失/變Iturnedroundandlookedatthemanandthewomanangrily.Theydidnotpayanyattention.IntheendIcouldnotbearit.Iturnedroundagain.“Ican’thearaword,”Isaidangrily.“It’snoneofyourbusiness,”theyoungmansaidrudely,“Thisisaprivateconversation.”

朗讀技巧演練3：重音/語(yǔ)調(diào)/手勢(shì)TomorrowisMother’sDay,aspecialmomenttoexpressthegratitude,respectandlovewefeelallyearround.Ourmothersgiveuslife;

theyofferusunconditionallove,strongguidanceandthesensethatwecangrowuptodoanythingwecandreamof.朗讀技巧演練4：重音/語(yǔ)調(diào)/手勢(shì)Fromourfirstmoments,mothersareourbestteachersandmostselflessfriends.And,likemyownmother,whomImissverymuch,especiallyonMother’sDay,theyrarelyaskforthanks.Amother’smainwishistoseeherchildrengrowuphealthyandhappy.朗讀背誦一舉五得Killfivebirdswithonestone.開(kāi)口輕松，語(yǔ)流順暢自讀自聽(tīng)，自然順耳語(yǔ)法是啥？就是語(yǔ)感常做默寫(xiě)，寫(xiě)作不難表演背誦，口譯不難通過(guò)SPEAKING學(xué)習(xí)演講Situationwho,where,when,how,what.purpose+essentialpointsP=purpose----Whatyouaregoingtotalkabout,whatyourpurposeofthetalk,whatyouwantyouraudiencetodoafterthetalk.E=Essentialpoints----whatarethemainpointsyouwanttoarguefor?Organizetheminalogicandeasy-to-understandway.

A=ArtisticdeviceArtisticdevicesinclude:Metaphor(Imaginehumanlifeasalonghurdlerace.Weallbeginrunningatthesamestartingpoint,butafterwejumpoverthefirstfewhurdles,someofusstarttoknockdownhurdlesandgraduallydropout.Asmorepeopleareknockingdownhurdles,fewerpeoplearerunningon.Intheend,ofcourse,everyrunnergivesup.)A=Artisticdevice(Whatarethehurdlesandhowcanwelowerthem?Therearefourkindsofhurdles:environment,medicalcare,nutrition,andspirituallife.)Climax[thepowerofthree](Nixon1972:Thereisnoreasonforustobeenemies.Neitherofusseekstheterritoryoftheother;neitherofusseeksdominationovertheother;neitherofusseekstostretchoutourhandsandruletheworld.)A=ArtisticdeviceReagan1984:Neitherofusisanexpansionistpower.Wedonotdesireyourland,noryouours.Wedonotchallengeyourborders.Wedonotprovokeyouranxieties.

K+I=knowledge+illustrationKnowledge----youmustdoenoughresearchonyourtopicandgetreadyforquestionsfromyouraudience.Illustration----specify(where,when,who,what,how,why);personalize(usenamesinsteadofsomeoneoranoldman);humanize(considerhumaninterest);dramatize(usedirectnotindirectspeech)N+G=novelty&gestureNOVELTY----STARTANDENDYOURSPEECHINADIFFERENTANDINTERESTINGWAYBYUSINGQUOTATIONSORSTORIES.(Donotdoontootherswhatyouwillnothavethemdoontoyou.Doontootherswhatyouwillhavedoontoyou.)GESTURE----DESCRIPTIVE(MIMIC),SYMBOLIC(SPACE&TIME).Novelty：5waystomakeyourbeginninginteresting1.Startleyouraudience2.Arousetheircuriosity3.Askarhetoricquestion4.Quoteafamousperson5.TellthemastoryFourwaystoendyourtalkRestateyourmainpointsUseaquotationMakeadramaticstatementReferbacktoyourbeginningstatementGestures:Symbolic