全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程1全套課件C

LOREMIPSUMDOLORLOREMIPSUMDOLORUNIT7AnimalIntelligenceBR_mainGorillaKillerWhaleEnglishSong–Ben

Warm-upQuestionsAnimalRankingBR_1_mainGorillaIntroductiontoGorillasFeaturesofGorillasBR_3_mainEnglishSong–Ben

MichaelJacksonBenQuestionsabouttheSongBR_1_1.1IntroductiontoGorillasListentothefollowingpassageandfillinthegapswiththewords

youhear.It’sthelargestofthegreatapes.Themaleisheavilybuiltandmaystand1.7m(5.5feet)inheight,withanarmspreadof2.4m(7.8feet).Ithasalargewithashort,aprominent(突起的),thin,andsmall.Thefemaleissmallerthanthemale.Thishugeanimalhasformidable(可怕的)canine(似犬的),yetitfeedsonfruitandvegetablesandhasnonaturalenemies.head____neck____mouth______lips___ears____teeth_____BR_1_1.2Mostofthedayisspentontheground;theyusuallywalkonallfourlimpsleaningontheknuckles(手指關(guān)節(jié))oftheir,butoccasionallyupright.Gorillasliveingroups.Theyounggorillasverywell,butoldonesstayalmostontheground.Atnight,thegorillafamilyonthegroundinnestsmadeofbranchesandleaves.Gorillasarehardtokeepincaptivity,fortheyarelikelytogethumandiseases,suchastuberculosis(結(jié)核病).Gorillas,generally,areacenterofinmostofthebigcities.hands_____family_____climb_____allthetime__________sleeps______attraction

_________BR_1_2.1FeaturesofGorillasGorillasarecoveredwithbrownishhaironmostoftheirbody(excepttheirfingers,palms,armpits,andbottomsoftheirfeet).HairandSkin:Gorillashaveaverylargeheadwithabulgingforehead,andeachhasauniquenoseprint(likewehaveuniquefingerprints).Head:BR_1_2.2Gorillashavesensesverysimilartoours,includinghearing,sight(theyseemtobeslightlynearsightedandhavecolorvision),smell,taste,andtouch.Senses:

Gorillasareprimarilyterrestrial(陸棲的)(althoughtheylivedintreesbackintheirevolutionarypast).Gorillasliveintropicalrainforests(intheforestedgesandclearings),wetlowlandforests,swamps,andabandonedfields.Habitat：

BR_2_2KillerWhaleListentoapassageandanswerthequestions.

1.Howlongandhowheavyisamalekillerwhale?Themaleaverages27feetand11tons.2.Howfastdoseakillerwhaleswim?

Itswimswithaspeedof30mph.3.Howmanymembersarethereinafamilygroupofkillerwhale?Thereareabout5to20membersinafamilygroupofkillerwhale.BR_3_1.1MichaelJacksonMichaelJacksonismorethanjustanextraordinarilypopularsingerandawonderfullygifteddancer:heisaphenomenonthathasforeverleftanimprintonthemusicindustry.BR_3_1.2ChronologyofMichaelJacksonMichaelJacksonwasborn.—

1958MichaeljoinedhisbrothersintheJacksonFive.—

1965Michaelreleasedhisfirstsoloalbum,Ben.—

1972Michael’slandmarkalbumThrillerwasreleased.—

1982BR_3_1.3MichaelmarriedLisaMariePresley，daughterofrockinnovatorandculturaliconElvisPresley.—

1994MichaelandLisaMarieweredivorcedinanamicablemanner.—

1996MichaelmarriedDeborahRowe,anassistanttohisdermatologist(皮膚科醫(yī)生).—

1996BR_3_1.4Hisfirstchild,PrinceMichaelJacksonJr.,wasborn.—

1997Hisdaughter,ParisMichaelKatherine,wasborn.—

1998MichaelandDeborahgotdivorced.—

1999BR_3_1.5“BillieJean,”“RockWithYou,”“IWantYouBack”and“BeatIt”wereenlistedinRollingStonemagazine’slistofthe100greatestsongsofalltime.—

2000Jacksonliftedhisnewbornson,PrinceMichael,overahotelroomterracesofanscouldcatchaglimpse—andwasroundlycriticizedforendangeringhischild.—

2002BR_3_1.6Jacksonwaschargedwithsevencountsofchildsexualabuseandtwocountsofadministeringanintoxicatingagent.—

2003JacksonwasacquittedonallcountsintheArvizocaseinthethePeoplev.JacksontrialinSantaMaria,California.—

2005BR_3_1.7JacksonmadehisfirstpublicappearancesincetheArvizotrialtoaccepteightrecordsfromtheGuinnessWorldRecordsinLondon.—2006JacksonissuedThriller25,celebrating25yearsoftheiconicalbum.ThereissuereachednumbertwointheU.S.SonyreleasesKingofPop,afan-curatedcompilation.—

2008BR_3_1.8JacksondiedinLosAngelesat50aftergoingintocardiacarrest.—June25,2009:BR_3_2BenBR_3_3QuestionsabouttheSongWhat’stherelationshipbetweenMichaelJacksonandBen?2.DoesBenhaveanyintelligence?BR_4Warm-upQuestionsDoyouoryourfamilyorfriendshaveapet,suchasadog,cat,orbird?Ifso,howdoesthepetcommunicatewithyouorthem?Doesthepetunderstandyouorthem?2.Doyouthinkanimals,especiallyveryintelligentones,havethoughtsandfeelings?Explain.BR_5_1AnimalRankingStudentsarerequiredtoformgroupstorankthefollowinganimals

accordingtotheirintelligenceandexplainthereasonsbehindtheranking.Examples,anecdotes,personalexperiences,scientificfindings,etc.maybecited.BR_5_1.1BR_5_1.2BR_5_1.3BR_5_1.4BR_5_1.5BR_5_2Rat

Parrot

Ant

Cat

Clickthewordsinred!Pig

Dog

Dolphin

Elephant

Monkey

BR_5_2.1BR_5_2.2BR_5_2.3BR_5_2.4GR_mainPartDivisionoftheTextSkimmingandScanningFurtherUnderstandingGR_3_mainForParts1&2MultipleChoiceForParts3&4TrueorFalseFurtherUnderstandingGR_1.1PartDivisionoftheTextPartsPara(s)MainIdeas121~23~6Someanimalsdemonstrateintelligencewhendealingwithcaptivityandhumanbeings.Someanimalsareintelligentenoughtoknowhowtobargainwithpeople.GR_1.2PartsPara(s)MainIdeas347~1011~12Animalslikewhalescanassessasituationandactaccordingly.Animalscansometimesbetricky.513Animalintelligenceismeanttoservesurvival.FillintheblankswiththeinformationabouttheanimalsmentionedinTextAandfigureouttheauthor’spurposes.GR_2.1SkimmingandScanning1.Colo:Brokethekeychain.

__________________Author’spurpose:people.

Animalsknowhowtonegotiatewith_______________________________________2.Chantek:1)Expandedthemoneysupplybybreakingplasticchipsintwo;

_______________________________________________________2)Foundpiecesoftinfoilandtriedtomakecopiesofmetalchips._________________________________________________________GR_2.2Author’spurpose:Animalscanevenhandlethemoney.

_______________________________3.Orky:Allowedsomebodytostandonhisheadtoreachupandreleasethebaby.________________________________________________________________Author’spurpose:Animalscanassessthesituationandmake

arightdecision.

__________________________________________________4.Melati:Hidanorangeinherotherhand.

____________________________5.Towan:Hidanorangeunderneathhisfoot.

______________________________Author’spurpose:Animalintelligencecanbeseenintheirattemptstodeceive.

_____________________________________________________GR_3_1.1MultipleChoice1.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto_______.A)findouthowanimalsusetheirintelligenceB)findoutifanimalsareasintelligentashumanbeingsC)findoutifanimalsdowhathumanbeingstellthemtodoD)findoutifanimalscansurvivebetteriftheyareintelligentGR_3_1.1AMultipleChoice1.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto_______.AA)findouthowanimalsusetheirintelligenceB)findoutifanimalsareasintelligentashumanbeingsC)findoutifanimalsdowhathumanbeingstellthemtodoD)findoutifanimalscansurvivebetteriftheyareintelligentGR_3_1.1BMultipleChoice1.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto_______.BA)findouthowanimalsusetheirintelligenceB)findoutifanimalsareasintelligentashumanbeingsC)findoutifanimalsdowhathumanbeingstellthemtodoD)findoutifanimalscansurvivebetteriftheyareintelligentGR_3_1.1CMultipleChoice1.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto_______.CA)findouthowanimalsusetheirintelligenceB)findoutifanimalsareasintelligentashumanbeingsC)findoutifanimalsdowhathumanbeingstellthemtodoD)findoutifanimalscansurvivebetteriftheyareintelligentGR_3_1.1DMultipleChoice1.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinorderto_______.DA)findouthowanimalsusetheirintelligenceB)findoutifanimalsareasintelligentashumanbeingsC)findoutifanimalsdowhathumanbeingstellthemtodoD)findoutifanimalscansurvivebetteriftheyareintelligentGR_3_1.22.Onethingthatisobvioustotheauthoristhat_______.A)animalshavetheirownthinkingB)animalsdothingsscientiststellthemtodoC)animalsthinkfortheirownpurposeiftheycanthinkD)animalsthinkwhenscientistswantthemtoMultipleChoice2.Onethingthatisobvioustotheauthoristhat_______.GR_3_1.2AAA)animalshavetheirownthinkingB)animalsdothingsscientiststellthemtodoC)animalsthinkfortheirownpurposeiftheycanthinkD)animalsthinkwhenscientistswantthemtoMultipleChoiceGR_3_1.2B2.Onethingthatisobvioustotheauthoristhat_______.A)animalshavetheirownthinkingB)animalsdothingsscientiststellthemtodoC)animalsthinkfortheirownpurposeiftheycanthinkD)animalsthinkwhenscientistswantthemtoMultipleChoiceBGR_3_1.2C2.Onethingthatisobvioustotheauthoristhat_______.A)animalshavetheirownthinkingB)animalsdothingsscientiststellthemtodoC)animalsthinkfortheirownpurposeiftheycanthinkD)animalsthinkwhenscientistswantthemtoMultipleChoiceCGR_3_1.2D2.Onethingthatisobvioustotheauthoristhat_______.A)animalshavetheirownthinkingB)animalsdothingsscientiststellthemtodoC)animalsthinkfortheirownpurposeiftheycanthinkD)animalsthinkwhenscientistswantthemtoMultipleChoiceDGR_3_1.3MultipleChoice3.Theauthorisconvincedthatwhendealingwithhumanbeings,animalsare_________.A)lessintelligentthanexpectedB)moreintelligentthanexpectedC)asstupidasexpectedD)asintelligentasexpectedGR_3_1.3AMultipleChoice3.Theauthorisconvincedthatwhendealingwithhumanbeings,animalsare_________.A)lessintelligentthanexpectedB)moreintelligentthanexpectedC)asstupidasexpectedD)asintelligentasexpectedAGR_3_1.3BMultipleChoice3.Theauthorisconvincedthatwhendealingwithhumanbeings,animalsare_________.A)lessintelligentthanexpectedB)moreintelligentthanexpectedC)asstupidasexpectedD)asintelligentasexpectedBGR_3_1.3CMultipleChoice3.Theauthorisconvincedthatwhendealingwithhumanbeings,animalsare_________.A)lessintelligentthanexpectedB)moreintelligentthanexpectedC)asstupidasexpectedD)asintelligentasexpectedCGR_3_1.3DMultipleChoice3.Theauthorisconvincedthatwhendealingwithhumanbeings,animalsare_________.A)lessintelligentthanexpectedB)moreintelligentthanexpectedC)asstupidasexpectedD)asintelligentasexpectedDGR_3_1.4MultipleChoice4.Colo’sexampleindicatesthat________.someanimalsknowquitewellhowtodeceivethekeepersB)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohelpthekeepersC)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohandlesuspiciousobjectsD)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtonegotiatewiththekeepersGR_3_1.4AMultipleChoice4.Colo’sexampleindicatesthat________.someanimalsknowquitewellhowtodeceivethekeepersB)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohelpthekeepersC)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohandlesuspiciousobjectsD)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtonegotiatewiththekeepersAGR_3_1.4BMultipleChoice4.Colo’sexampleindicatesthat________.someanimalsknowquitewellhowtodeceivethekeepersB)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohelpthekeepersC)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohandlesuspiciousobjectsD)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtonegotiatewiththekeepersBGR_3_1.4CMultipleChoice4.Colo’sexampleindicatesthat________.someanimalsknowquitewellhowtodeceivethekeepersB)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohelpthekeepersC)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohandlesuspiciousobjectsD)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtonegotiatewiththekeepersCGR_3_1.4DMultipleChoice4.Colo’sexampleindicatesthat________.someanimalsknowquitewellhowtodeceivethekeepersB)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohelpthekeepersC)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtohandlesuspiciousobjectsD)someanimalsknowquitewellhowtonegotiatewiththekeepersDGR_3_1.5MultipleChoice5.Mile’sexperimenttoteachChantektosharethingsprovestobe__________.A)agreatsuccessB)ablunderC)agreatfailureD)anunwantedthingGR_3_1.5AMultipleChoice5.Mile’sexperimenttoteachChantektosharethingsprovestobe__________.A)agreatsuccessB)ablunderC)agreatfailureD)anunwantedthingAGR_3_1.5BMultipleChoice5.Mile’sexperimenttoteachChantektosharethingsprovestobe__________.A)agreatsuccessB)ablunderC)agreatfailureD)anunwantedthingBGR_3_1.5CMultipleChoice5.Mile’sexperimenttoteachChantektosharethingsprovestobe__________.A)agreatsuccessB)ablunderC)agreatfailureD)anunwantedthingCGR_3_1.5DMultipleChoice5.Mile’sexperimenttoteachChantektosharethingsprovestobe__________.A)agreatsuccessB)ablunderC)agreatfailureD)anunwantedthingDGR_3_2.1TrueorFalse1.Behavioristssaythatanimalscooperatewithhumanbeingsfortheirownbenefit.T(

)2.LaulebelievedthatOrky,akillerwhale,wasthemostintelligentanimalshehadeverseen.FLaulebelievedthatOrky,akillerwhale,wasthemostintelligentanimalshehadeverworkedwith.(

)GR_3_2.23.Someanimals’intelligencecanbeseenintheirattemptstodeceive.T(

)4.Orkyallowedsomebodytostandonhisheadtoreachupandreleasethebabybecausehehadbeentrainedtodoso.FOrkyletsomebodystandonhisheadtoreachupandreleasethebaby,buthehadnotbeentrainedtodoso.(

)GR_3_2.35.Animalscanlearnfromeachotherinplayingsometricks.Towanisagoodexample.T(

)DR_Text1WhatAnimalsReallyThinkOvertheyears,Ihavewrittenextensivelyaboutanimal-intelligenceexperimentsandthecontroversythatsurroundsthem.Doanimalsreallyhavethoughts,whatwecallconsciousness?Wonderingwhethertheremightbebetterwaystoexploreanimalintelligencethanexperimentsdesignedtoteachhumansigns,Irealizedwhatnowseemsobvious:ifanimalscanthink,theywillprobablydotheirbestthinkingwhenitservestheirownpurposes,notwhenscientistsaskthemto.EugeneLindenDR_Text2AndsoIstartedtalkingtovets,animalresearchers,zookeepers.Mostdonotstudyanimalintelligence,buttheyencounterit,andthelackofit,everyday.ThestoriestheytellusrevealwhatI’mconvincedisanewwindowonanimalintelligence:thekindofmentalfeatsanimalsperformwhendealingwithcaptivityandthedominantspeciesontheplanet—humans.

Let’sMakeaDeal

ConsiderthetimeCharleneJendry,aconservationistattheColumbusZoo,learnedthatafemalegorillanamedColowashandlingasuspiciousobject.Arrivingonthescene,JendryofferedColosomepeanuts,onlytobemetDR_Text3withablankstare.Realizingtheywerenegotiating,Jendryraisedthestakesandofferedapieceofpineapple.Atthispoint,whilemaintainingeyecontact,Coloopenedherhandandrevealedakeychain.DR_Text4-5.1

Relieveditwasnotanythingdangerousorvaluable,JendrygaveColothepineapple.Carefulbargainerthatshewas,ColothenbrokethekeychainandgaveJendryalink,perhapsfiguring,WhygiveherthewholethingifIcangetabitofpineappleforeachpiece?

Ifananimalcanshowskillintradingonethingforanother,whynotinhandlingmoney?OneorangutannamedChantekdidjustthatinasign-languagestudyundertakenbyanthropologistLynMilesattheUniversityofTennessee.DR_Text5.2Chantekfiguredoutthatifhedidtaskslikecleaninghisroom,he’dearncoinstospendontreatsandridesinMiles’scar.Buttheorangutan’sunderstandingofmoneyseemedto

extend

farbeyondsimpledealings.Milesfirstusedplasticchipsascoins,butChantekdecidedhecouldexpandthemoneysupplybybreakingchipsintwo.WhenMilesswitchedtometalchips,Chantekfoundpiecesoftinfoilandtriedtomakecopies.MilesalsotriedtoteachChantekmorevirtuoushabitssuchassavingandsharing.Indeed,whenIcaughtupwiththeorangutanatZooAtlanta,wherehenowlives,Isawanexampleofsharingthatanyonemightenvy.WhenMilesgaveChanteksomegrapesandaskedhimtosharethem,DR_Text6Chantekpromptlyateallthefruit.Then,asifhe’djustrememberedhe’dbeenaskedtoshare,hehandedMilesthestem.DR_Text7-8

TaleofaWhaleWhywouldananimalwanttocooperatewithahuman?Behavioristswouldsaythatanimalscooperatewhentheylearnitisintheirinteresttodoso.Thisistrue,butIdon’tthinkitgoesfarenough.GailLaule,aconsultantonanimalbehavior,speaksofOrky,akillerwhale,sheknew.“OfalltheanimalsI’veworkedwith,hewasthemostintelligent,”shesays.“Hewouldassessasituationandthendosomethingbasedonthejudgmentshemade.”Likethetimehehelpedsaveafamilymember.WhenOrky’smate,Corky,gavebirth,thebabydidnotthriveatfirst,andkeeperstookthelittlewhaleoutofthetankbystretcherforemergencycare.Thingsbegantogowrongwhentheyreturnedthebabywhaletothetank.Astheworkershaltedthestretcherafewmetersabovethewater,thebabysuddenlybeganthrowingupthroughitsmouth.Thekeepersfeareditwouldchoke,buttheycouldnotreachthebabytohelpit.DR_Text9

Apparently

sizingup

theproblem,Orkyswamunderthestretcherandallowedoneofthementostandonhishead,somethinghe’dneverbeentrainedtodo.Then,usinghistailtokeepsteady,Orkyletthekeeperreachupandreleasethe420-poundbabysothatitcouldslideintothewaterwithinreachofhelp.DR_Text10DR_Text11

PrimateShellGameSometimesevidenceofintelligencecanbeseeninattemptstodeceive.ZookeeperHelenShewmanofSeattle’sWoodlandParkZoorecallsthatonedayshedroppedanorangethroughafeedingholeforMelati,anorangutan.Insteadofmovingawaytogetit,MelatilookedShewmanintheeyeandheldoutherhand.Thinkingtheorangemusthaverolledoffsomewhereinaccessible,Shewmangaveheranotherone.ButwhenMelatimovedoff,Shewmannoticedtheoriginalorangewashiddeninherotherhand.DR_Text12Towan,thecolony’sdominantmale,watchedthiswholetrick,andthenextdayhe,too,lookedShewmanintheeyeandpretendedthathehadnotyetreceivedanorange.“Areyousureyoudon’thaveone?”Shewmanasked.Hecontinuedtoholdhergazesteadilyandheldouthishand.Givingin,shegavehimanotherone,thensawthathehadbeenhidinghisorangeunderneathhisfoot.DR_Text13Whatisintelligenceanyway?Iflifeisaboutsurvivalofaspecies—andintelligenceismeanttoservethatsurvival—thenwecan’tcomparewithpea-brainedseaturtles,whichwereherelongbeforeusandsurvivedthedisasterthatwipedoutthedinosaurs.Still,itiscomfortingtorealizethatotherspeciesbesidesourowncanstandbackandassesstheworldaroundthem,eveniftheirhorizonsaremorelimitedthanours.

DR_Text2_S1.11.Whatdoyoulearnfromthissentence?Animalshavetheabilitiestodealwithhumanbeings’captivitythoughhumanbeingsaremoreintelligentthanthem.

thekindofmentalfeatsanimalsperformwhendealingwithcaptivityandthedominantspeciesontheplanet—humans.DR_Text2_S1.22.Paraphrasethesentence.Animalshowgreatintelligencewhentheydealwithhumanbeings’captivityeventhoughhumanbeingscontrolanddominatethisplanet.3.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.即動(dòng)物在對(duì)付樊籠生活和地球上的主宰物種——人類——時(shí)所表現(xiàn)的高超的思維技能。

DR_Text3_SHowtounderstand“onlyto”?Itisoftenusedtoindicatethatsb.doessth.withadisappointingorsurprisingresult.Infinitive“to”functionsasaresultadverbial.

Arrivingonthescene,JendryofferedColosomepeanuts,onlytobemetwithablankstare.Moreexamples:Hehurriedtotherailwaystation,onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.Hehadoncetriedinvitingherout,onlytomeetwitharathercoolresponse.DR_Text4-5.1_S1.WhatconclusioncanyoudrawaboutColo?Coloisagoodbargainer,andthiscaseshowsthatanimalsmayreallyhaveintelligence.

ColothenbrokethekeychainandgaveJendryalink,perhapsfiguring,WhygiveherthewholethingifIcangetabitofpineappleforeachpiece?2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.科洛然后把鑰匙鏈拉斷，給了延德里一段，或許是在算計(jì)，要是每一小段都能換片菠蘿，我干嘛要全都給她？

DR_Text7-8_S1.Paraphrasethesentence.Whatbehavioristssayisright,butIdon’tthinktheirexplanationhelpsverymuch.

2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.這沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，但我覺(jué)得這一解釋尚不充分。Thisistrue,butIdon’tthinkitgoesfarenough.DR_Text11_SInsteadofmovingawaytogetit,MelatilookedShewmanintheeyeandheldoutherhand.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.梅拉蒂?zèng)]有移動(dòng)身體去接，而是眼睛直視休曼，伸出手來(lái)。DR_Text13_S1.11.Paraphrasethesentence.Ifthepurposeoflifeistosurviveandintelligenceisforsurvival,thenourintelligencecan’tbecomparedwiththatofthepea-brainedseaturtles.Theywereonthisearthlongbeforewehumanbeingsandtheyevensurvivedthedisasterthatdestroyedthedinosaurs.

Iflifeisaboutsurvivalofaspecies—andintelligenceismeanttoservethatsurvival—thenwecan’tcomparewithpea-brainedseaturtles,whichwereherelongbeforeusandsurvivedthedisasterthatwipedoutthedinosaurs.DR_Text13_S1.22.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.如果生命關(guān)乎物種的生存——而智能是為了生存服務(wù)——那么我們根本無(wú)法與大腦只有豌豆大小的海龜相提并論。海龜早在人類出現(xiàn)之前很久便已存在，并經(jīng)歷了使恐龍滅絕的重大災(zāi)難而生存下來(lái)。

DR_Text13_S2Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?Animals’horizonsaremorelimitedandcan’tbecomparedwithhumanbeings’.

…eveniftheirhorizonsaremorelimitedthanours.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.…即便它們的視野比我們還狹小。DR_Text5.2_SButtheorangutan’sunderstandingofmoneyseemedtoextendfarbeyondsimpledealings.1.Paraphrasethesentence.Whattheorangutanunderstandsismorethanjustsimpledealings.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.但這頭猩猩對(duì)錢幣的理解似乎遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了簡(jiǎn)單的交易。DR_Text10_SApparentlysizinguptheproblem,Orkyswamunderthestretcherandallowedoneofthementostandonhishead,somethinghe’dneverbeentrainedtodo.1.Whatdoesthesentenceimply?Orkyisawhalewhocanassessasituationandthendosomethingbasedonthejudgmentshemade.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.奧基顯然看出了問(wèn)題，它游到擔(dān)架下，讓其中一人站在它頭上。這種事從來(lái)沒(méi)有訓(xùn)練它做過(guò)。DR_word_intelligenceintelligence:

n.

他最終搞到了敵人計(jì)劃的秘密情報(bào)。Hemanagedtogetthesecretintelligenceoftheenemy’splans.1)abilitytolearnandunderstandThechildrenweregivenanintelligencetest.2)news,information,esp.withreferencetoimportanteventsDR_word_controversycontroversy:

n.alotofdiscussionandargumentaboutsth.,ofteninvolvingstrongfeelingsofangerordisapproval(followedbyover/

about)他的書(shū)的出版引起了激烈的爭(zhēng)議。Thereisabitter/heatedcontroversyoverthepublishingofhisbooks.Collocation:beyond/withoutcontroversy無(wú)可爭(zhēng)議，無(wú)疑，不消說(shuō)Thisisaquestionthathasgivenrisetomuchcontroversy.

DR_word_explore1explore:

vt.

工程師們已經(jīng)對(duì)在這條河上建橋的可能性做了仔細(xì)探察。Theengineershavealreadyexploredthepossibilityofbuildingabridgeovertheriver.1)examinethoroughly;learnaboutTherepairmanexploredmycarandsaidhewouldfixittomorrow.DR_word_explore22)travelover(aregion,area,etc.)forthepurposeofdiscovery不論大人還是孩子都認(rèn)為探索太空一定非常刺激。Bothadultsandchildrenthinkthatitmustbeextremelyexcitingtoexplorespace.ThemanwillexploretheSaharaDesertonfoot.

DR_word_encounterencounter:

vt.

1)meetesp.unexpectedly他在街上偶然遇見(jiàn)一位老友。Heencounteredanoldfriendonthestreet.2)comeupagainstThemoredangersweencounter,theharderweshouldpushforward.DR_word_convinceconvince:

vt.

make(sb.)feelcertain;cause(sb.)torealize我深信他的誠(chéng)實(shí)。I’mconvincedofhishonesty.Wefinallyconvincedthepoliceofourinnocence.beconvincedof確信，承認(rèn)beconvincedthat確信，承認(rèn)convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事Pattern:DR_word_dominantdominant:

adj.

ruling;stronger,morepowerful,ormorenoticeablethanotherpeopleorthings查理·卓別林是美國(guó)電影工業(yè)上極有影響力的人物。CharlieChaplinwasadominantfigureintheAmericanfilmindustry.Heisadominantpersoninthecompany.DR_word_makeadealmakeadeal:

reachanagreementorarrangement,esp.inbusinessorpolitics這家汽車公司已經(jīng)和一家日本公司達(dá)成協(xié)議，由日方提供發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)交換剎車。TheautomobilecompanyhasmadeadealwithaJapanesefirm,whichwillsupplyenginesinexchangeforbrakes.I’llmakeadealwithyou—youwashthecarandI’llletyouuseittonight.DR_word_negotiatenegotiate:

vi.

discussinordertocometoanagreement政府拒絕和恐怖分子談判。Thegovernmentrefusedtonegotiatewithterrorists.Thelabordecidedtonegotiatewiththeemployersabouttheirwageclaims.negotiateforsth.negotiatetodosth.negotiatewithsb.Pattern:DR_word_maintain

1maintain:

vt.

1)keepup;retain;continue他的健康正在好轉(zhuǎn)中。Theimprovementinhishealthisbeingmaintained.2)supportHehasworkedhardtomaintainhisf