淺談科技論文寫作

淺談科技論文寫作——武曉宇2015.10.132023/2/41KISS----keepitshortsimple2023/2/42CONTENTS時態(tài)、語態(tài)01020304數(shù)字避免用詞IMRAD目錄2023/2/43時態(tài)和語態(tài)Whenveryoustatepreviouslypublishedfindings----presenttense.Yourownpresentwork----pasttense.Abstract,MaterialsandMethods,results----pasttense.時態(tài)Materials&Methods----passivevoice主動語態(tài)更簡練，尤其在圖表描述時Introduction,Discussion,Tables&Figures----presenttense.語態(tài)2023/2/44數(shù)字的用法>10數(shù)字；<10單詞有單位的用數(shù)字"3ml"句子不用數(shù)字作為開頭"Threemillilitersofreagentwasadded""Igavewaterto3scientists,milkto6scientists,andbeerto11scientists.""2500-mgtablets"vs"two500-mgtablets""10gwasadded"vs"10gwereadded"2023/2/45避免用詞informallanguageget----obtain,so----asaresult,about+number----approximatelylong-->short"agreatdealof"-->much,"acountedforbythefact"-->because不用含糊的詞語，委婉的詞語。passaway,suffermortalconsequence----die2023/2/46IMRAD

----Introduction,materials&Methods,ResultsandDiscussionHowtopreparetheTitleHowtopreparetheAbstractHowtopreparetheIMRAD2023/2/47HowtopreparetheTitleTitleLengthoftheTitleSpecifictitlesActionofAntibioticsonBacteriaSyntax----ThefewestpossiblewordsthatadequatelydescribethecontentsofthepaperWastewords,“studieson”,“Investigationson”,“Observationson”,“A”,“An”,“The”.MechanismofSuppressionofNontransmissiblePneumoniainMiceInducedbyNewcastleDiseaseVirus2023/2/48Pneumonia--肺炎；nontransmissible--非遺傳LOREMIPSUMDOLORPasttense,noreferences,notablesandfigures.通俗易懂，不用縮略詞，不創(chuàng)造新詞公認(rèn)的句子、冗長深奧的詞不要寫；wasteword不要寫，例如“inthispaper”要有結(jié)論，結(jié)論要定量HowtopreparetheAbstractAminiatureversionofthepaper,shouldprovideabriefsummaryofIntroduction,materialsandmethods,results,discussion.2023/2/49LOREMIPSUMDOLOR

Presentfirst,withallpossibleclarity,thenatureandscopeoftheprobleminvestigated.Brieflyreviewthepertinentliteraturetoorientthereader.Statethemethodoftheinvestigation.Ifdeemednecessary,thereasonsforthechoiceofaparticularmethodshouldbestated.

Statetheprincipalresultsoftheinvestigation.Statetheprincipalconclusionssuggestedbytheresults.HowtowritetheIntroduction

----用充分而不冗余的信息說服讀者：此研究是很有必要的2023/2/41021"Micewereinjectedwith..."vs"Weinjectedthemicewith..."similartocookbookrecipespassivevoiceBepreciseLOREMIPSUMDOLORHowtowritetheMaterials&MethodsFulldetailsoftheparticularmethod讓同行能看懂，讓人們能重復(fù)試驗2023/2/411LOREMIPSUMDOLORTwoingredientsofresultssectionFirst,overalldescriptionoftheexperiments,providingthebigpicture;second,presentthedata.(Keyresults)0102Avoidredundancyrepetitionofthedatashowedintablesandfigures"ItisclearlyshowninTable1thatxxx"-->"xxx(Table1)"03"it"的使用"Theleftlegbecamenumbattimesandshewalkeditoff...Onhersecondday,thekneewasbetter,andonthethirddayithadcompletelydisappeared."HowtowritetheResults

----shortandclarity2023/2/412LOREMIPSUMDOLORBDFACETrytopresenttheprinciples,relationships,andgeneralizationsshownbytheresults.Showhowyourresultsandinterpretationsagreewithpreviouslypublishedwork.Stateyourconclusionsasclearlyaspossible.Pointoutanyexceptionsoranylackofcorrelationanddefineunsttledpoints.Discussthetheoreticalimplicationsofyourwork,aswellasanypossiblepracticalapplications.Summarizeyourevidenceforeachconclusion.HowtowritetheDiscussion2023/2/413LOREMIPSUMDOLORFactualrelationshipsASignificanceofthepaper----"Sowhat?"BDescribethemeaningofyourlittlebitoftruthwithsimpleststate