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山西省大同市機車廠中學2021年高三英語上學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Alackofmedicineandmedicalfacilitiespartlythewidespreadofthatdisease.A.headedfor B.accountedfor C.calledfor D.appealedfor參考答案:B考查動詞短語。句意:藥物和醫(yī)療設備的缺乏是導致這種疾病蔓延的部分原因。accountfor意為"是……的原因";headfor意為"向……前進";callfor意為"需要";appealfor意為"呼吁"。故選B項。2.Heearnsabout$100aweek,______________isspentonbooks.A.halfofwhich
B.halfofthem
C.whose
D.halfofit參考答案:A3._______achievement,lastweek’sministerialmeetingsoftheWTOhaveearnedalow,thoughnotfailing,grade.A.Infaceof
B.Incaseof
C.Asaresultof
D.Intermsof參考答案:D.
解析:此題考察介詞短語的辨析。A:面對B:以防C:由于D:提到/涉及到4.—Accordingtomygrandma,itisagoodideatoeatchickensoupwhenyouhaveacold.—________,scientistsagreewithher.A.Soonerorlater
B.Onceinawhile
C.Tobeexact
D.Believeitornot參考答案:D5.Thiscompany_____roundlybyunionistsandsocialjusticegroupswhenitfiredanumberofworkersfornoreasonadecadeago.A.condemned B.hascondemned C.hasbeencondemned D.wascondemned參考答案:D【分析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意:十年前,當這家公司莫名其妙解雇許多員工時,收到了工會和社會正義團體的嚴厲譴責。該句有明顯的時間狀語adecadeago十年前,只能跟一般過去時連用。結合句意,這家公司是被譴責,所以要用被動語態(tài)。故選D項?!军c睛】解時態(tài)題,可以結合句中的時間狀語,選擇相應的時態(tài)。至于語態(tài),則根據(jù)句意來判斷。比如該題有明顯的時間狀語adecadeago,這是典型的用一般過去時的標志,結合句意,這家公司是被譴責,所以必須要用被動語態(tài),所以選擇一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。6.I'mafraidI'mnot___tohelpwiththeshow,forIamfullyoccupiedwithmyownproject. A.dependable
B.convenient
C.a(chǎn)vailable
D.a(chǎn)ccessible參考答案:C略7.Lilywastalkingtoourteacheraboutexamination,whensuddenlyTom
A.cutoff
B.cutout
C.cutup
D.cutin參考答案:D8.Muchtoour,Chinawon51goldmedias,morethananyothernation,atthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.A.regret
B.delight
C.disappointment
D.sadness參考答案:B9.
youdisagreewithher,she'sworthlisteningto.A.Evenif
B.Incase
C.Onlyif
D.Eversince參考答案:A略10.I________atopicforthecomposition,buthaven’tdecidedyet.A.willthinkabout
B.havebeenthinkingabout C.hadthoughtabout D.wasthoughtabout參考答案:B11.Oneoftherequirementsfortheexperimentisthatthematerial_____toitsburningtemperature.A.isheated
B.willbeheated
C.beheated
D.wouldbeheated參考答案:C12.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.while
B.when
C.that
D.as參考答案:B13.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_____heisreadyforhisnewjob.
A.when
B.after
C.before
D.since參考答案:C14.——Davidshouldlietohisbestfriendinordertogetthewell-paidjob!——Itistypicalofhimbecausehe________.A.isfacinghisWaterloo
B.isvisuallychallengedC.hascast-ironnerves
D.worshipsthegoldencalf參考答案:D【詳解】考查句意理解題。A.isfacinghisWaterloo面對滑鐵盧;.isvisuallychallenged視力障礙;C.hascast-ironnerves意志堅強;D.worshipsthegoldencalf崇拜金錢。句意:—為了得到那份高薪的工作,大衛(wèi)竟然對他最好的朋友撒謊?!@是他的特點,因為他崇拜金錢。結合句意可知答案為D。15.Usuallywhatweighsusdownarenottheburdensoflife,buthowwehandle_______.
A.this
B.them
C.it
D.us參考答案:B16.—Areyougoingforanautumnouting?
—_____________________.
A.Italldepends
B.Itisalldepending
C.It’salldepended
D.Italldependson參考答案:A.解析:Italldepends.的意思是:“要看情況而定”。17.Hewasdrivingbackhome______suddenlyawomanranintohiscar.Awhile
Bsince
Cbefore
Dwhen參考答案:D18.(2018·北京)Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.A.need B.shouldC.can D.must參考答案:C二、單詞拼寫19.單詞拼寫(每小題1分)根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語注釋,在答題卡相應題號的橫線上寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式(每空只寫一詞)。66.Doyouspeakany__________(外國)languages?67.Rebeccawasthe__________(驕傲)ofherfamily.68.Willyoustop__________(打斷)mewhenI’mtalking?69.DavidBeckham’s__________(國籍)isBritish.70.The__________(現(xiàn)代)historyofItalydatesfrom1860.71.Bob’s__________(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvardUniversity.72.AlicewantedtoborrowJack’scomputer,buthe__________(拒絕).73.Her__________(書架)arefilledwithbooksandphotos.74.Whatareyougirls__________(耳語)about?75.Don’t__________(咳嗽)morethanyoucanhelp.參考答案:66.errupting69.nationality70.modern71.nephew72.refused73.bookshelves/bookcases74.whispering75.cough略三、閱讀理解20.Thinkplantsarejustboringgreenthingsthatyouuseforfoodanddecoration?Thinkagain!Plantsareabletodosomeprettyawesomethingsthatyou’reprobablytotallyunawareof.Researchershavediscoveredthatplantshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithanundergroundnetworkmadeupoffungus(真菌),whichservestheplantsinmanyways.Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(養(yǎng)分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.ItsoundsliketheplantworldhadtheInternetbeforewedid.Someplantshavearatherimpressivelineofdefenseagainstbeingeaten.Whensensingtheyarebeingswallowed,theygiveoffachemicalintotheairthatattractstheinsect’snaturalenemy.Theenemyattacksthebug,thussavingtheplants.Thisisbasicallytheplantkingdomversionofgettingyourolderbrothertobeatupthatkidwhostealsyourlunchmoney.Youmightbeawarethathumansandanimalshaveaninternalclock.Butdidyouknowthatplantsalsohavethisclock?Thismeanstheycanprepareforcertaintimesofdayjustlikewedo.Isitbecausetheycanreacttolightatsunrise?Inastudy,scientistsfoundthatplantsusethesugarstheyproducetokeeptime,whichhelptoregulatethegenesresponsiblefortheplant’sowninternalclock.So,inasense,―wakeupwithpetunias(矮牽牛)isjustasvalidas―wakeupwiththechickens.Natureisfullofsurprises.Soforthoseofyouwhodidn’tknowthewondersofplants,nowyoudo.8.Howmanywaysdoesthenetworkoffungusservetheplants?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords―“yourolderbrother”inParagraph4referto?A.Thechemicalgivenoffbyplants. B.Theinsect’snaturalenemy.C.Thebugattackedbytheenemy. D.Theplanttobeeatenbytheinsect.10.Whathelpstheplantkeeptime?A.Thesugarsproducedbyitself. B.Itsowngenes.C.Thetimeofsunrise. D.Itsresponsetolight.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveofdifferentplants.B.Tosharehisstudyonsomeawesomeplants.C.Tointroducetheunknownabilitiesofplants.D.Tomakepeopleawareofplantprotection.參考答案:8.B
9.B
10.A
11.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了植物有很多人類沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)的本領,包括:擁有一個通過真菌為媒介的地下“網(wǎng)絡”來互通消息、能夠自己想辦法防御昆蟲襲擊和擁有植物生物鐘?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(養(yǎng)分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.”及第三段中的“Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.”可知,網(wǎng)狀真菌可以幫助西紅柿發(fā)出自身處于不健康狀況的警告信息(usethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions)、傳送營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)(movenutrientstoandfromeachother)、通過傳播有害化學物質(zhì)破壞不良植物(damageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus),因此一共有三種方式,故B項正確?!?題詳解】詞義猜測題。第四段講述了植物有一種使人印象深刻
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