第三單元語言點(diǎn)

UndertheseaUnit3Words:witness,opposite,pause,drag,depth,urge,abandonPatterns:beabouttodosth.;keepsb.doingsth.;ittakestimetodosth.FocusonTolearnsomeusefulwordsandpatternsinthepassage.1.witness

(1)vt.親眼看到Didyouwitnesstheaccident?你親眼看到那場(chǎng)事故了嗎？(2)vi.作證;證明witnesstosth./doingsth.Hewitnessed

tohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.他作證說他看到那個(gè)人進(jìn)入大樓的。(3)witnessn.目擊者;證人Shewascalledasadefensewitness.她被傳喚作被告證人。Theaccidenthappenedinthemidnight,sofewpeople_______it.appreciatedB.witnessedC.monitoredD.discoveredpracticeChoosethebestanswer.practiceTranslation.

She_____________________(目睹了那次事故)yesterdayafternoon.(2)Manydriversare__________(目擊者)totheWenzhouTrainDisaster.witnessedtheaccidentwitnesses2.accommodationn.住所；住宿There'sashortageofcheapaccommodation.Thegovernmentwillprovidetemporaryaccommodationsforuptothreethousandhomelesspeople.政府將為多達(dá)三千無家可歸的人提供臨時(shí)住所。Theschoolisnotbigenoughtoprovide_______forallthestudents,sosomehavetoliveout.A.equipmentB.convenienceC.accommodationD.decorationpracticeChoosethebestanswer.3.

flee–fled–fled(1)vt.flee逃離Theywereforcedtofleethecountry.(2)vi.fleefrom逃避；逃跑Theprisonerattemptedtofleefromtheprison,buthefailed.Thealarmedpeoplefledfromthefire.恐慌的人們從火里逃出。

She______(過去式)fromtheroomintears.2.Therobberstriedto_____(逃跑),buttheywerecaught.practiceFillintheblanks.

fledflee4.

dragWhydragmein?干嘛把我拉扯進(jìn)去？

drag

sb.

out

toaconcert硬拖某人去聽音樂dragthenegotiationoutforthreemonths把談判拖長(zhǎng)到三個(gè)月vi.拖；拉；扯Shehadto_____herchildawayfromthetoyshop.2.Hegotupand________hischairtowardthetable.3.Ireallyhadto_____myselfoutofbedthismorning.4.Thehorsewas________aheavyload.practiceFillintheblankswiththerightformsofdrag.dragdraggeddragdragging5.urgeHeurgedhishorseforward.TheteacherurgedthatallstudentsnotcarryMP3playersinclass.Hehasanurgetobecomeafilmstar.n.強(qiáng)烈愿望v.極力主張v.驅(qū)策Theyurgedustogoatonce.HeurgedthattheygotoNewYork.urgesb.todosth.催促/力勸某人做某事urgethat…+(should)動(dòng)詞原形

He_______________________(力勸所有學(xué)生)takepartinthisactivity.(2)I_____________________________(勸他盡力)tofinishhishomework.practiceTranslation.urgedallthestudentstourgedthathe(should)dohisbest6.

abandon

Wehadtoabandonthecar.Bythetimetherebeltroopsarrived,thevillagehadalreadybeenabandoned.abandonone’sfriend背棄朋友a(bǔ)bandonabadhabit革除惡習(xí)abandonone’shope放棄希望abandonone’sidea放棄主意vt.放棄；拋棄；遺棄—Haveyoucompletedtheproject?—No.Wehadto_______itduetolackoffunds.abandonB.removeC.resignD.exchangepracticeChoosethebestanswer.

Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.這是宣告獵鯨行動(dòng)馬上就要開始的聲音。“thatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt”為關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞thecall。從句中用到“beabouttodosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示將來，意為“即將，將要”。課文難句精析【拓展】英語中有很多表示將來時(shí)的方法，在具體運(yùn)用中表達(dá)的內(nèi)容又不盡相同，現(xiàn)將各種表達(dá)法歸納如下：①“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”，begoingto相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(其中be有人稱和數(shù)的變化)，與它后面的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。用來表示打算、計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情，或在說話時(shí)已有跡象預(yù)示會(huì)在將來發(fā)生的事情。例如：Look!It’sgoingtorain.Thereisgoingtobeaparents’meetingtomorrow.②“will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形”，用來表示說話時(shí)認(rèn)為或預(yù)測(cè)會(huì)在將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。will用于各種人稱；shall只用于第一人稱。例如：Whattimeshallwegotheretomorrow?Iwill/shallgotovisithernextweek.③按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作可以用“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)”來表示。這些動(dòng)作往往都與移動(dòng)、方向、啟動(dòng)等有關(guān)。如：come,go,arrive,leave,move,fly等。例如：Mr.BrownisleavingforBeijingtomorrow.④在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來的動(dòng)作常用“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”。例如：Iwon’tleavehereuntilyoucomeback.⑤“beaboutto+動(dòng)詞原形”意為“正要做某事、正準(zhǔn)備做某事”，通常不接時(shí)間狀語?！癰eto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或可能、一定會(huì)發(fā)生某種情況。例如：TheyaretocometoGuangzhouinNovember.⑥用系動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如：Areyoufreetomorrow?

Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething______wassomeoneelse’sfault.(2010全國(guó)II)A.whoB.thatC.asD.what2.Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmeal______cold.(2012北京)A.gets B.hasgotC.willget D.isgettingpracticeChoosethebestanswer.2.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting,so

eventhoughIdidn’thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.此句中的so連接的是兩個(gè)并列句。第一個(gè)分句中的從句thatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting作heard的賓語。我以前就聽說過，喬治不喜歡等人，所以盡管我還沒有穿上合適的衣服，也跟在他后面起來。后一個(gè)分句中存在一個(gè)由eventhough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，eventhough意為“即使，縱然，雖然，盡管”，其引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句既可置于主句之前，也可置于主句之后。例如：本句中出現(xiàn)了keepsb.doingsth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)名詞短語beingkeptwaiting作like的賓語。如：Don’tkeepthegirlwaitingoutsideintherain.a.EventhoughIhavetowalkalltheway,Iwillgetthere.b.Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.【拓展】和eventhough具有同樣意思和用法的是“evenif”。連詞asthough=asif意為“好像，似乎，仿佛”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。例如：Hebehavedasthough/asif

nothinghadhappened.我一直在想我以前在某個(gè)地方見過她。

(2)你為什么一直讓這個(gè)男孩哭?IkeeponthinkingI’veseenherbeforesomewhere.Whydoyoukeeptheboycryingallthetime?practiceTranslation.Timisingoodshapephysically_________hedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.(2010湖南)ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongaspracticeChoosethebestanswer.3.IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.我們花了半個(gè)小時(shí)才把船調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)過來，回到詹姆斯落水的地方。當(dāng)我們靠近他的時(shí)候，我看到老湯姆正在水中穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地托著詹姆斯。此句中的and連接的是兩個(gè)并列分句。第一個(gè)分句中用到了ittakestimetodosth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。take在此是“花費(fèi)”的意思，常用于ittakessb.time/moneytodosth.意思是“做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/錢”。如：Ittooktheseboysovertwohourstofinishthistoughtask.第二個(gè)分句中存在一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中用到了seesb.doing的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Isawsomechildrenplayingontheplayground.畫這幅畫花了我兩小時(shí)的時(shí)間。

(2)買一套房子要花一大筆錢。

(3)修這條路花了他們?nèi)陼r(shí)間。Ittookmetwohourstodrawthepicture.Ittakesalotofmoneytobuyahouse.Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.practiceTranslation.TipsforteacherLetthewordfly板塊是幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一些一詞多義、熟詞生義的詞匯。通過此環(huán)節(jié)，學(xué)生可以對(duì)一些常見詞的用法、意思有一個(gè)全面的了解。在翻譯過程中體會(huì)詞匯使用的豐富多彩。backNo

one

can

call

back

yesterday.Chooseyourgoalandneverturnback.A

good

book

is

a

best

friend

who

never

turns

his

back

upon

us.

名言警句讀一讀一本好書，莫逆之交。選定方向，永不回頭。昨日不復(fù)來。Letthewordfly試著翻譯下面的英文，注意單詞back的用法。Someonepattedmeontheback.

Grandpaandgrandmasatinthebackofthecar.

Thereisanappendixatthebackofthebook.

backn.有人在我背上輕輕地拍了一下。爺爺和奶奶坐在汽車后排的座位上。該書末尾處有一附錄。JoanandIwalkedbacktothecollege.

Pleasegobackthreesteps.

Afewyearsbackyoucouldseenothingbutbarrenlandthere.

backadv.數(shù)年前人們?cè)谀莾核芸吹降闹皇腔囊?。?qǐng)退后三步。我和瓊步行回到大學(xué)。Hesatinthebackseatofthecar.

Iboughtsomebackissuesofsciencemagazinesyesterday.

backvt.

Shebackedhercaroutofthegarage.

Alotofmyfriendsbackedmyplan.backadj.他坐在車子后面的座位上。昨天我買了幾本過期的科學(xué)雜志。她從車庫倒車出來。許多朋友支持我的計(jì)劃?；顚W(xué)活用從上面給出的例句中我們可以看到back有多種詞性，不僅僅是我們常接觸到的副詞back。大家還知道哪些與back相關(guān)的搭配呢？請(qǐng)選擇幾個(gè)進(jìn)行造句或?qū)υ捑毩?xí)。I.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.1.Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforanydriverwhomayhave___________

(目擊)theaccident.2.Theprofessor_________(暫停)foramoment,andthencontinuedhisspeech.3.Beforecleaningthebedroom,you’dbetterd_____thecarpetoutofit.4.Oneweekago,myparentsu_______thatI(should)apologizetohim.witnessedpausedragrged5.Thechildlessoldladyofferedtoadoptoneofthechildren