2023年中考英語試題分項(xiàng)版解析匯編（第01期）專題19完形填空（社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或歷史文化教育類及廣告布告類）（新聞報(bào)道或人生百味類）（含解析）

專題19完形填空〔社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或歷史文化教育類及廣告布告類〕〔新聞報(bào)道或人生百味類〕1.【2023年四川南充】完形填空(共15小題;每題1分,總分值15分)先通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從短文后面各題所給的選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Supposeyoufindabrightyellowbikeonastreetcornerinthecity.Youhopon(跨上)itand31.Butwait—isn’tthisstealing?No,itisn’t.32shouts,“Stop!Thief!〞Thatis33thisfreerideisjustfinewiththecity.You34findhundredsoffreeyellowbikesinsomeUScities.TheideabeganinPortland,Oregon,in1994.Peoplesawaneedfor35transportation,andtheywantedtohelp36pollution.So,togetcitizens(市民)37theircarsandontopollution-freebikes,they38theYellowBikeProject.The39bikesarepaintedbrightyellowandplacedthroughoutthecity.Peoplecanhopontheyellowbikeandridetorunerrands(短程差事),towork40toschool.Then,theyleavethebikeforthe41rider.Therehavebeentimeswhenbikeshavebeenstolen,butmostpeople42therules,becausetheythinkitisnotwiseto43thebikethat’salreadyfree.Portland’s44wasquicklylovedbyalotofpeople.Withintwoyearsofitsstarts,similarprogramswere45incitiesinsixotherstates.31.A.driveawayB.rideawayC.ridebackD.runaway32.A.NooneB.SomeoneC.AnyoneD.Everyone33.A.whetherB.soC.becauseD.though34.A.havetoB.don’thavetoC.can’tD.can35.A.expensiveB.crowdedC.freeD.common36.A.protectB.controlC.makeD.bring37.A.outofB.intoC.upD.near38.A.endedB.startedC.changedD.refused39.A.publicB.privateC.cleanD.dirty40.A.butB.asC.untilD.or41.A.nextB.lastC.bestD.first42.A.breakB.makeC.discussD.follow43.A.buyB.repairC.produceD.steal44.A.citizenB.streetC.ideaD.school45.A.lookedupB.madeupC.putupD.setup【答案】31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C36.B37.A38.B39.A40.D41.A42.D43.D44.C45.D【解析】32.A考查代詞及語境的理解。A.Noone沒有人；B.Someone某人；C.Anyone任何人；D.Everyone每個(gè)人。根據(jù)上文的否認(rèn)答復(fù)，可知沒有人大喊“停下來，小偷！〞應(yīng)選A。33.C考查連詞及語境的理解。A.whether是否；B.so所以；C.because因?yàn)?；D.though盡管。那是因?yàn)檫@種免費(fèi)的騎乘恰恰適合這個(gè)城市。應(yīng)選C。34.D考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.haveto不得不；B.don’thaveto不必；C.can’t不能；D.can能。在一些美國的城市你能找到成百上千的免費(fèi)的小黃車。根據(jù)后文這種想法在1994年在美國的俄勒岡，波特蘭開始，可知能找到小黃車。應(yīng)選D。35.C考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.expensive昂貴的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.free免費(fèi)的；D.common普通的。根據(jù)上文小黃車是免費(fèi)的，可以推測句意，人們看到了對免費(fèi)交通的需求。應(yīng)選C。36.B考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.protect保護(hù)；B.control控制；C.make制造；D.bring帶來。他們想幫助控制污染。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選B。著跑短程差事，上班，或者上學(xué)。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選D。41.A考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.next下一個(gè)；B.last最后；C.best最好的；D.first首先，第一。然后，他們把自行車為下一個(gè)自行車騎乘者留下。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選A。42.D考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.break打破；B.make制造；C.discuss討論；D.follow遵循，跟隨。有自行車被盜的時(shí)候，但是大局部人遵守規(guī)那么。根據(jù)后文的原因，應(yīng)選D。43.D考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.buy買；B.repair修理；C.produce生產(chǎn)；D.steal偷。因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為偷已經(jīng)免費(fèi)的自行車是不明智的。結(jié)合句意及上文，應(yīng)選D。44.C考查名詞及語境的理解。A.citizen市民；B.street街道；C.idea主意；D.school學(xué)校。很多人很快愛上了波特蘭市的想法。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選C。45.D考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.lookedup查閱；B.madeup組成；C.putup舉起；D.setup建立。在它開始的兩年內(nèi)，相似的工程在其他六個(gè)洲建立起來。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選D。考點(diǎn)：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文。2.【2023年安徽】完形填空。閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng)。Bike-sharingisanewchoiceforshortjourneysincities.Itisgoodtothe56developmentofthebigcities.A57byacompanyfoundthatsharedbikesstartedthenation’s58forbikesagain.NowmoreandmoreChinesepeopleare59bikesinsteadofcarstomakeshortjourneysincities.Anengineerofthatcompanysaysthatsincethe60ofsharedbikes,peoplehavemadefewertripsbycar.Theloveforsharedbikesisnotonlyamong61people,whowereborninthe1980sand1990s,butalsoamongpeopleoversixty.Atweekends,thenumberoftheridersinShenzhenreachesthe62ofallcities.Onweekdays,thenumberofpeoplewhousesharedbikestotraveltoworkis63inShanghai.Itissaidthatbike-sharingwillhelp64thecities’environment.Itnotonlyhelpssolvethetrafficproblems,butalsowillhelptomakemoreuseof65incities.TakeBeijingasanexampleifmorepeoplechoosesharedbikes,anareaoffiveBird’sNeststadiums(體育場)willbesaved.56.A.slow B.healthy C.harmful D.sudden57.A.rule B.plan C.report D.suggestion58.A.search B.worry C.preparation D.love59.A.choosing B.pushing C.repairing D.locking60.A.end B.start C.control D.fall61.A.strong B.weak C.old D.young62.A.top B.side C.corner D.line63.A.comingover B.puttingoff C.goingup D.givingaway64.A.discover B.separate C.experience D.improve65.A.air B.time C.space D.money【答案】56.B57.C58.D59.A60.B61.D62.A63.C64.D65.C【解析】試題分析：這篇短文主要介紹了新興事物———共享單車。共享單車的出現(xiàn)有助于城市健康開展，在大城市越來越多的人喜歡上共享單車。56.B考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.slow慢的；B.healthy 健康的；C.harmful有害的；D.sudden突然。共享單車對于城市里的短途旅行是一種新的選擇。它對大城市的健康開展是有好處的。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選B。57.C考查名詞及語境的理解。A.rule規(guī)那么；B.plan方案；C.report 報(bào)告；D.suggestion建議。一家公司的一份報(bào)揭發(fā)現(xiàn)共享單車開始了全國對自行車的喜愛。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選C。58.D考查名詞及語境的理解。A.search 搜查，探究；B.worry 擔(dān)憂；C.preparation準(zhǔn)備；D.love愛。根據(jù)下文可知共享單車開始了全國對自行車的愛。應(yīng)選D。59.A考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.choosing選擇；B.pushing推；C.repairing修理；D.locking鎖。越來越多的中國人正在選擇自行車而不是汽車在城市進(jìn)行短途旅行。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選A。人數(shù)到達(dá)了所有城市之首。根據(jù)比擬級(jí)范圍，可知處于首位，應(yīng)選A。63.C考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.comingover過來；B.puttingoff推遲；C.goingup上升；D.givingaway捐獻(xiàn)。工作日，在上海使用共享單車上班的人數(shù)在上升。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選C。64.D考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.separate使別離；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.improve改良。據(jù)說，共享單車將會(huì)幫助改善城市的環(huán)境。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)選D。65.C考查名詞及語境的理解。A.air空氣； B.time時(shí)間；C.space 太空，空間；D.money錢。它不僅能幫助解決交通問題而且也能幫助更好的利用城市空間。根據(jù)后文的例子，可知是更好利用城市空間，應(yīng)選C?？键c(diǎn)：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文。3.【2023年四川成都】完形填空。通過閱讀下面兩篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的正確答案。AfamoussymbolinAmericancultureisacartoonanimal--MickeyMouse.Mickeyfirst46inacartooninNewYorkin1982.WaltDisneywasthefatherofMickey.HemadelotsofcartoonswithMickey.Manypeoplearoundtheworldlovethemousewithtwo47ears.Hewassopopularbecausehewaslikeacommonman,buthealwaystriedtofaceanydangerandsolvetheproblemsallbyhimself.InDisney’searlyfilms,Mickeywas48,helosthishouseandgirlfriend,Minnie.49,henevergaveuphiseffortsandalwayswonatlast.Mostpeoplewanttobelikehim.NowMickeyMouseisstilloneofthemostpopular50charactersintheworld.46.A.ranoutB.hungoutC.cameout47.A.largeandroundB.smallandshortC.longandwhite48.A.richB.happyC.unlucky49.A.AlsoB.HoweverC.So50.A.cartoonB.playC.novel【答案】46.C47.A48.C49.B50.A【解析】47.考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.largeandround又大又圓；B.smallandshort又小又矮；C.longandwhite又長又白。句意：世界上的人都喜歡這個(gè)長著又大又圓的老鼠。根據(jù)圖片上的米老鼠的外形可以看出。應(yīng)選A。48.考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.rich富有的；B.happy快樂的；C.unlucky不幸的。句意：在迪斯尼的早考點(diǎn)：文化類短文閱讀。4.【2023年浙江紹興】完形填空。閱讀下面短文，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最正確答案。AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,mostofwhomcamefrom16families.Sheaskedthemtocompletethe17“Iwishmyteacherknew…〞andsharesomethingaboutthemselves.Their18answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudents’difficulties.“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework,〞19onechild.“Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned〔簽名〕,becausemymomisnot20alot,〞wroteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe21.“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.〞“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,〞SchwartztellsABCNews.“Icare22abouteachofmystudentsandIdon’twantthemtobepoorforever.〞Sheexplains,“Ihopedtoknow23Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI24toletthemtellmewhatIneededtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.〞25thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously〔匿名〕,mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud.26oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely.“Aftershetoldtheclass,‘Idon’thavefriendsto27me,’Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo.〞SchwartztellsUsWeekly.“However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered28.Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee,29haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy〔同情〕.〞“Theresultshavebeen30,〞saysSchwartz.“Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.〞16.A.traditionalB.friendlyC.poorD.small17.A.postcardB.noteC.letterD.diary18.A.honestB.politeC.usualD.right19.A.suggestedB.copiedC.repeatedD.wrote20.A.freeB.carelessC.famousD.angry21.A.societyB.courseC.researchD.future22.A.secretlyB.deeplyC.nervouslyD.directly23.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when24.A.decidedB.refusedC.forgotD.learned25.A.UnlessB.ThoughC.BecauseD.Once26.A.likeB.fromC.againstD.except27.A.lookforB.talkaboutC.dependonD.playwith28.A.himB.youC.herD.me29.A.childrenB.teachersC.parentsD.reporters30.A.boringB.surprisingC.worryingD.relaxing【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.A21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B【解析】句意：作為丹佛一個(gè)Doull小學(xué)的老師，KyleSchwartz想起一個(gè)簡單的方法來了解她的三年級(jí)的學(xué)生，他們大多數(shù)來自貧窮家庭。根據(jù)Idon’twantthemtobepoorforever可知，大局部是貧困家庭的學(xué)生。應(yīng)選C。17.考查名詞及語境的理解。A.postcard明信片；B.note便條，記錄，筆記；C.letter信；D.diary日記。句意：她請他們完成一個(gè)便條“我希望我的老師了解……〞。根據(jù)“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,〞可知，這些是學(xué)生寫的便條上的內(nèi)容。應(yīng)選B。18.考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.honest老實(shí)的；B.polite禮貌的；C.usual通常的；D.right正確的。句意：他們老實(shí)的答案給老師一個(gè)了解她的學(xué)生困難的時(shí)機(jī)。根據(jù)“Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.〞可知，學(xué)生說出了自己的心聲。所以