2022年黑龍江省哈爾濱市第八十七中學(xué)高三英語期末試卷含解析

2022年黑龍江省哈爾濱市第八十七中學(xué)高三英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Montrealisthe________largestFrench-speakingcityintheworld,Paris________thelargest.A.second;is

B.second;being

C.secondly;is

D.secondly;being參考答案：B2.Someexpertsthink,

genes,intelligencealsodependsonanadequatediet,agoodeducationandanicehomeenvironment.A.insteadof B.exceptforC.apartfrom D.farfrom參考答案：C【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。A.insteadof代替；B.exceptfor除了；C.apartfrom除……之外還；D.farfrom遠(yuǎn)非。句意：一些專家認(rèn)為，除了基因，智力還取決于充足的飲食、良好的教育以及良好的家庭環(huán)境。根據(jù)“intelligencealsodependsonanadequatediet,agoodeducationandanicehomeenvironment.”可知此處表示“除……之外還”，故C項正確。3.______thetowerbuilding，whereyouseethewholecity．A．Standingonthetopof

B．IfyouclimbtoC．Whenyoureachthetopof

D．Gettothetopof

參考答案：33．D句子種類Gettothetopofthetowerbuilding為祈使句，后面是where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

略4.Waitamoment.Thedirector_____herassistantpickupsomesandwichesforthemeeting.A.has B.hashad C.hadhad D.washaving參考答案：B句意：等會。經(jīng)理已經(jīng)讓助理去拿些三明治了。根據(jù)語境可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選B。5.Ican’tfindmykey.It___________inmyoffice.A.canbeforgotten

B.canbeleftC.musthavebeenforgotten

D.musthavebeenleft參考答案：D33.TheSincairC5wasveryslow,smallandlowtotheground,_______itlooklikeachildren’stoy.

A.making

B.made

C.havingmade

D.havingbeenmade.參考答案：A略7.Iamsureyou’dratherhestayedinNewZealand,______?A.wouldn’tyou B.didyou C.didn’the D.amnotI參考答案：A8.Weshould______theachievementsandcorrectthemistakes.A.add

in

B.addto C.addup

D.addupto參考答案：B9.Increasingpovertyhasledtoasituation____somepeoplecannotaffordtheirchildren’s

schoolfees.

A.which

B.as

C.why

D.where參考答案：D10.______forthejobyouhaveappliedforwillleaveabadimpressionontheinterviews.

A.Notprepared

B.Nothavingprepared

C.Notprepare

D.Notbeingprepared參考答案：D略11.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit

breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense,A.would B.could Cshould D.might參考答案：C12.Thenewschoolbagsandbooks_____bysomewarmheartedpeoplearrivedatthevillageschool

thedaybeforeyesterday. A．tobedonated

B．donating

C.

beingdonated D.

donated參考答案：D13.–MayIuseyournewcar?Iwanttogotoseemysickfatherinthecountryside.–It’soverthere._____.A.Feelfree

B.Gotit

C.Noproblem

D.Itdepends

參考答案：A14.Wecan'tcomplainthatchildrenarecheatinginexaminations______adultsthemselveshavesetsuchabadrolemodelforthemtofollow.A.because B.unless

C.when

D.though參考答案：C15.AnewiPadinthemarketcostsabout______ofasecond-handone.A.threetimes

of

theprice

B.threetimesasmuchasthepriceC.threetimestheprice

D.threetimesmorethantheprice參考答案：C16.Hearingtheloudnoise，theboylookedoutofthewindow,__________.

A．surprisedandnervously

B．surprisingandnervous

C．surprisedandnervous

D．surprisinglyandnervously參考答案：17.HerquestionwassodifficultthatIcouldhardlymakeany

ofitatall.

A．sense

B．meaning C．explanation

D．idea

參考答案：A18.—Tony,youmusthavenoticedthestudentwhobroketheglass.—I’msorry.I______attentively.A.studied

B.wasstudying

C.amstudying

D.wouldstudy參考答案：B二、翻譯19.Translation（20%）

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets．1．放心吧，我不會讓你失望的。（letdown）2．那些沒有規(guī)矩的人遲早要付出代價的。（price）3．民以食為天，食品安全人命關(guān)天。

（so）4．我不敢茍同你的“人生若沒有友誼就不值得活下去”這一觀點。（that）5人類盲目改變動物生存的自然棲息地導(dǎo)致了一些動物的絕種。（It）參考答案：略三、閱讀理解20.AgainstthesuppositionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiawarmtheclimate,scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforesttolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions.Usuallylargefiresdestroyedforestsintheseareasoverthepastdecade.Scientistspredictthatwithclimatewarming,firesmayoccurmorefrequentlyovernextseveralcenturiesasaresultofalongerfireseason.Sunlighttakeninbytheearthtendstocausewarming,whileheatmirroredbackintospacetendstocausecooling.Thisisthefirststudytoanalyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate.Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.Scientistsfoundthatrightafterthefire,largeamountsofgreenhousegasesenteredtheatmosphereandcausedwarming.Ozone（臭氧）levelsincreased,andashfromthefirefellonfar-offseaice,darkeningthesurfaceandcausingmoreradiationfromthesuntobetakenin.Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.“Weneedtofindoutallpossiblewaystoreducethegrowthofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.”Scientiststrackedthechangeinamountofradiationenteringandleavingtheclimatesystemasaresultofthefire,andfoundameasurementcloselyrelatedtotheglobalairtemperature.Typically,fireinnorthernregionsoccursinthesameareaevery80to150years.Scientists,however,foundthatwhenfireoccursmorefrequently,moreradiationislostfromtheearthandcoolingresults.Specifically,theydeterminedwhenfirereturns20yearsearlierthanpredicated,0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.Theneteffectiscooling.Wattsareusedtomeasuretherateatwhichenergyisgainedorlostfromtheearth.51.Accordingtothenewfindings,takingstepstopreventnorthernforestfiresmay_______.A.resultinawarmingclimateB.causetheforestfirestooccurmorefrequentlyC.leadtoalongerfireseasonD.protecttheforestsandtheenvironmentthere52.ThefollowingarealltheimmediateeffectsafteraforestfireEXCEPT_________.A.largeamountsofgreenhousegasesentertheatmosphereB.thelevelsofozonewhichisatypeofoxygenincreaseC.snowonthegroundmirrorsmoresunlightbackintospaceD.ashesfromthefirefallontheicesurfaceandtakeinmoreradiationfromthesun53.Earlierstudiesaboutnorthernforestfires_________.A.analyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimateB.indicatethatforestfireswillpollutetheatmosphereC.suggestthatpeopleshouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentD.suggestthatthefireswillspeedupclimatewarming54.Theunderlinedphrase“soakup”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A.released B.absorbedC.created D.distributed55.FromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiamay__________.A.warmtheclimateasthesuppositiongoesB.allowmoresnowtoreflectmoresunlightintospaceandthuscooltheclimateC.destroylargeareasofforestsandpollutethefar-offseaiceD.helptogainmoreenergyratherthanreleasemoreenergy參考答案：51.A

52.C

53.D

54.B

55.B試題分析：【51題詳解】.A細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段1,2行Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforestfirestolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions說明這樣的措施最終導(dǎo)致了北部地區(qū)的氣候變暖。故A正確?！?2題詳解】.C推理題。根據(jù)第四段后三行Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.說明地上的雪反射陽光這是大火的間接的影響，是在第二年春天的時候發(fā)生的事情，并不是immediateeffects。故C符合要求?！?3題詳解】D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段2,3行Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.說明Ｄ正確。【54題詳解】B推理題。根據(jù)本句0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.說明該詞與sendback該詞相反的意思，故應(yīng)該指吸收，因為sendback指反射。故B正確?！?5題詳解】B細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二行scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.說明從這個研究中得到的結(jié)論是B項?？键c：考查科普類短文閱讀點評：文章主要講述了發(fā)生在阿拉斯加，加拿大和西伯利亞的北部大火對當(dāng)?shù)氐臍夂蛩a(chǎn)生的影響，大火過后，樹木都被燒沒有了，會讓更多的雪反射陽光進(jìn)太空反而是讓溫度變低。本文的障礙在于詞匯方面，考查了細(xì)節(jié)題和推理題，要求考生在審題時特別當(dāng)心關(guān)鍵的信息詞和各段所持的觀點，結(jié)合題目的而要求做出推理判斷。21.Someexpertsbelievethatourattentionspansareactuallyshrinking．Weoftenjokethatgoldfishhavetheshortestlevelofconcentration，somuchsothattheyforgetwhattheysawninesecondsearlier．Wellnowastudysaysthathumanshaveanevenshorterspan—justeight

seconds．ThisIcanbelieve—there’salwayssomuchtodoandsomuchtorememberthatmybraingetsoverloadedandIfindithardtozeroinononething．Ofcourse，smartphones，theinternetandsocialmediaalltakeupalotofourattention．Chicago-basedresearchfirmDscoutfoundthatwelookatourmobilephonesfor，onaverage，2．42hourseveryday．Itistemptingtokeepglancingatourphoneswhenweshouldbefocusingonotherthingsandit’ssomethingwedidn’tandcouldn’tdobeforetheboomindigitalmediaandsmartphones，somaybethat’swhytheamountoftimewecanconcentratehasbeendropping．AreportcarriedoutforMicrosoftsaidtheaveragehumanattentionspanin2000was12secondsbuthasnowfallentojusteightseconds．However，aBBCradioprogrammecalledMoreorLess，couldn’tfindevidencetobackupMicrosoft’sreport．ItspoketoDrGemmaBriggs，apsychologistattheOpenUniversity，whosaysthereareproblemswiththeideaofmeasuringattentionspansandit’salldowntotheindividualperson，“soattention-switchingabilitymaywellhavedevelopedinrecentyears，intheageofthesmartphoneandtheinternet．Butbecausesomeone’sdistracted(分心)bytheirsmartphone…itdoesn’tmean