上海市六校2023屆高三12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

上海市六校2023屆高三12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三聯(lián)合調(diào)研II.GrammarandVocabularyHowtoFindHappinesswithoutBuyingit?Ourmaterialisticsocietyhasledustobelievethathappinesscannotbeobtainedwithouthavingmoney.Ratherthanlearningtobesatisfiedwithwhatwehave,we___21___(teach)towantmore.Welearnfromadvertising,andfromthemedia,__22____weneedtobuytrinketsandtoysinordertomakeourselveshappy,or__23___(fulfill)emotionalneeds,andthatthepurchasestheyaretryingtotalkusintowillprovideuswiththepsychologicalcomfortwearelookingfor.Unfortunately,asasocietywehaveboughtintothese___24___(misguide)messagesandhavecometobelievethat___25__(spend)moneyoncertainitemswillbringusfame,fortune,happiness,beauty,orpopularity.Asaresult,wetradehoursofourlivesworking,sacrificingtimethat__26___havebeenspentwithourfamilies,___27__thepursuitofthealmightydollar.Actually,thereareanumberofwaystoenjoylifewithouttheneedforagreatdealofmoney.Forexample,Thinkabout__28__youwouldspendyourtime,andwhatyouwoulddoforenjoyment.Changeyourfocusfrommaterialpossessionsto___29__thatbringyouenjoyment,suchasspendingqualitytimewithyourfamilyandfriends.Certainly,itisimportanttoworkandearnenoughtoprovideforourbasicneedsandtheneedsofourfamilies,butitisimportanttorecognizewhenthedesireforpersonalpossessionsbecomesoverlyconsuming,__30___otherwisewillupsetabalancebetweenasatisfyingworklifeandarichhomelife.Thebestwaytoachievesuchabalanceistoensurethedriveformaterialpossessionsdoesnotbecomeallconsuming.【答案】are

taught

；that；to

fulfill；misguided；spending；could；for；how；others；which

【分析】21.

考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，句子缺謂語(yǔ)，teach

sb，但是這里teach沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，所以用被動(dòng)。

22.

考查連詞，這是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句不缺成分以及沒(méi)有疑問(wèn)意思，所以用that

23.

考查非謂語(yǔ)，前面有個(gè)or，表示并列，所以跟前面的to

make并列，所以填to

fulfill

24.

考查非謂語(yǔ)，做后面messages的前置定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)，所以填done的形式

25.

考查非謂語(yǔ)，spend動(dòng)名詞在從句中的主語(yǔ)26.

考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，that后面是個(gè)從句，動(dòng)詞原形前考慮情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意，填寫could

27.

考查介詞，后面是個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)，想到介詞，根據(jù)句意填寫for，表示為了28.

考查連詞，think

about后面是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意是填寫how

29.

考查代詞，from...to...,根據(jù)這個(gè)短語(yǔ)判斷填寫名詞，但是不可以，所以想到代詞，根據(jù)句意填寫others

30.

考查連詞，這里which指代前面整句句子Section

BA.

addiction

B.

downward

C.access

D.

unfair

E.

urged

F.essential

G.

analytical

H.

forcedI.

reliance

J.

criticized

K.

fallApenhasalwaysbeena(n)(31)________toolwhenitcomestotakingexams.However,inthisdigitalage,thistraditionaltoolmaybecomeathingofthepast.CambridgeUniversityinBritainisconsideringending800yearsofwrittenexamsandallowingstudentstouselaptops(手提電腦)oriPadstotakeexamsinstead.ThemovecomesafterCambridgeteacherscomplainedthatstudents’handwritingisbecomingtoohardtorecognize.The(32)______inbeingabletowriteneatlycouldlargelybedowntothe(33)______onlaptopsinlecturesandelsewhere.Therehasdefinitelybeena(34)______trend.Itisdifficultforboththestudentsandtheexaminersasitisharderandhardertoreadthesescripts,SarahPearsall,aseniorlecturerattheuniversity,toldTheTelegraph.Asaresult,moreandmorestudentswithpoorhandwritingarebeing(35)______toreturntouniversityduringthesummerholidaystoreadtheiranswersaloudtouniversityadministrators.However,some(36)______themove,fearingthehandwrittenwordwouldbecomealostart.TraceyTrussell,ahandwritingexpertattheBritishInstituteofGraphologists,(37)______Cambridgetomakesurethatstudentscontinuetowritebyhand,particularlyinlectures.ShetoldTheTelegraphthatwritingbyhandcouldhelpstudentsimprovetheirmemoryandunderstandlessonsbetter.Meanwhile,therearealsoconcernsthatprimaryandsecondaryschoolscouldfollowCambridge’sexamples.Infact,asimilarplanwascarriedoutforsomefirst-andsecond-yearstudentsatEdinburghUniversityintheUKin2023,reportedTheScotsman.Seniorofficialsattheuniversitybelieveditwas(38)______toexpectstudentstousepensandpaperduringexamswhenmostoftheircourseworkwasdoneusingcomputers.ThemovealsoechoestheopinionsofHarvardprofessorEricMazur,knownasthefatheroftheflippedclassroom(翻轉(zhuǎn)課堂).Hebelievedthattheriseofthe(39)______tomobileinternetmeansthatweliveinanageinwhichwedon’tneedtomemorizeanything.Studentsshouldbetestedontheircreativeand(40)______skills,ratherthantheabilitytorememberinformation,hesaidduringtheTimesHigherEducationWorldAcademicSummitinSeptember.【答案】F

K

I

B

H

J

E

D

C

G

【分析】31.

修飾tool，填形容詞，指在以前筆是考試必要的工具。

32.

此處填名詞。指的是如今越來(lái)越少的人能夠書寫工整了。33.

此處填名詞。根據(jù)介詞搭配on，指是由于人們?cè)谥v座等其他地方對(duì)于筆記本電腦的依賴。

34.

修飾trend用形容詞。說(shuō)明這種慢慢用電腦取代筆考試的形式有下行的趨勢(shì)。

35.

此處填動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，表被動(dòng)。指那些書寫糟糕的學(xué)生被迫在暑期來(lái)到學(xué)校將自己的答案大聲讀給學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)聽。36.

此處填動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。根據(jù)however表轉(zhuǎn)折，指有些批判這一做法。37.

此處填動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。指專家盡力奉勸學(xué)生盡量摘取書寫，特別是在講座中。38.

此處填形容詞。指對(duì)于在大多數(shù)課程中使用電腦完成作業(yè)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，期望他們考試時(shí)用紙和筆是不公平的。39.

此處填名詞。指隨著越來(lái)越多人接觸到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)移動(dòng)的環(huán)境，我們生活在一個(gè)不需要記憶太多的時(shí)代，因?yàn)槭褂镁W(wǎng)絡(luò)就可以搜到。40.

修飾skills用形容詞，指的是測(cè)試學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造和分析能力。II.

Grammar

and

Vocabulary

Section

AIt’snosecretthatasapopulation,Americanshavebeengettingheavier,butresearchersnowsaythatourweightproblemmaybeworsethanwethought.InastudypublishedinthejournalPLOSOne,leadauthorDr.EricBravermansaysthatourcurrentmeasureofobesity(肥胖癥)--bodymassindex,orBMI--significantly(41)______thenumberofpeople,especiallywomen,whoareobese.Bravermanandhisco-author,Dr.NiravShah,studied1,400menandwomen,comparingtheirBMImeasurementtotheirpercentageofbodyfat,asmeasuredbyadual-energyX-rayabsorptiometry(DEXA)scan.WhileBMIisasimpleratioofaperson’sheightandweight,theDEXAscan--whichisnormallyusedtomeasurebodydensity(密度)--can(42)______betweenbone,fatandmusclemass.BasedonBMI,aboutone-thirdofAmericansareconsideredobese,butwhenothermethodsofmeasuringobesityareused,thatnumbermaybe(43)______to60%accordingtoBraverman.PhysicianshavecomplainedforyearsthatBMIisa(n)(44)______measureofhealthyweight.Extremelymuscularpeople,(45)______,mayweightoomuchfortheirheight,sincedensemusclemassweighsmorethanfat,thusqualifyingasobeseeveniftheirbodiescontainverylittlefat.Yetit’snotextraweightitself,butexcessfatthat(46)______healthproblems.Peoplearen’tbeingdiagnosedasobese,sothey’renotbeingtoldabouttheirriskofdiseaseorbeinggiven(47)_____onhowtoimprovetheirhealth,Bravermansaid.Datashowthatpeoplewho(48)______toputonpoundsaremorelikelytocontinuegettingheavier,increasingtheirriskforanumberofdiseases.SowhyisBMIstillbeingused,ifit’snot(49)______?Fornow,it’sthebestandeasiestwayforphysicianstomeasureaperson’shealthyweightwhiletakingintoaccounthisorhergeneralbody(50)______.DEXAscansarefartooexpensivetobeusedasa(51)______measureduringdoctor’svisits.BMIisn’tperfect,butmanyexpertssayit’sthebesttheyhave.Still,asresultslikeBraverman’scontinueto(52)______,itmaybetimetoconsiderotherwaysoftrackingweight,and(53)______,bodyfat.It’simportanttopointoutthe(54)______oftheBMI,Dr.RichardBergman,directorofCedarsSinai’sObesityandDiabetesResearchInstituteinLosAngelessaid.It’sapoormeasureof(55)______,andwedoneedbettermeasures.41、A.

predicts

B.

underestimates

C.

increases

D.

reduces

42、A.

compare

B.

recognize

C.

identify

D.

distinguish

43、A.

closer

B.

related

C.

devoted

D.

key

44、A.

important

B.

imperfect

C.

incredible

D.

uncertain

45、A.

for

example

B.

in

contrast

C.

in

addition

D.

without

doubt

46、A.

arises

from

B.

owes

to

C.

leads

to

D.

goes

through

47、A.

views

B.

orders

C.

instruction

D.

focus

48、A.

decide

B.

start

C.

hope

D.

fear

49、A.

right

B.

recognizable

C.

popular

D.

precise

50、A.

structure

B.

well-being

C.

function

D.

weight

51、A.

special

B.

routine

C.

scientific

D.

decisive

52、A.

fill

in

B.

run

out

C.

go

down

D.

build

up

53、A.

in

particular

B.

on

occasion

C.

after

all

D.

in

all

54、A.

mistakes

B.

failure

C.

inferiority

D.

weakness

55、A.

health

B.

body

C.

fatness

D.

diseases【答案】B

D

A

B

A

C

C

B

D

A

B

D

A

D

C

【分析】41、聯(lián)系前后文，關(guān)鍵“

our

weight

problem

may

be

worse

than

we

thought〞。說(shuō)明BMI指數(shù)的測(cè)量方式低估了一些肥胖人士。A預(yù)測(cè)；C增加；D減少。42、根據(jù)后半句，意思是DEXA掃描方式可用以測(cè)量骨骼密度，精細(xì)地區(qū)分骨骼、脂肪和肌肉的各自質(zhì)量。A比較；B

認(rèn)出，識(shí)別；C認(rèn)出，鑒定。43、聯(lián)系下文。指用其他方式測(cè)量后，肥胖人數(shù)會(huì)增加，接近至60%。B有關(guān)；C致力于，奉獻(xiàn)；D關(guān)鍵，鑰匙，答案。44、根據(jù)后文，關(guān)鍵“complain〞。指醫(yī)生一直都在埋怨BMI是有缺陷的測(cè)量方式。A

重更好的方式去監(jiān)測(cè)體重，特別是人體脂肪含量的測(cè)量。B有時(shí)；C畢竟；D總共。54、指重要的是，我們應(yīng)該指出BMI的缺陷缺乏。A錯(cuò)誤；B失?。籆劣勢(shì)，下等。55、A健康；B身體；D疾病?？偨Y(jié)性語(yǔ)句，指BMI是有缺陷的測(cè)量方式。AB兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)，未突出BMI受到質(zhì)疑主要是由于它對(duì)于人體脂肪的測(cè)量不夠精確這個(gè)缺陷。Section

B(22分)(A)Whileafemalepoliticianorfirstladycanuseherclothingtocreateafavorablepublicimage,malepoliticiansdon’thaveasmanyfashionchoicestoplaywith.ButCanadianPrimeMinisterJustinTrudeauseemstohavediscoveredagoldmine–hissocks.He’sbeenseenwearingstatementsocksatmanypublicevents.Forexample,duringaNATO(北大西洋公約組織)meetinginBrusselsinMay,Trudeauworeonebluesockandonepink,bothwiththeNATOsymbolprintedonthem.AndinJune,heworeapairofsockswiththepatternofmapleleaves–anationalsymbolofCanada–whenheappearedonaTVshow.TheNewYorkTimes’editorVanessaFriedmanpraisedTrudeau’splayonhissocksasclever.Socksaresubtle(微妙的)enoughnottobedistracting,butvisibleenoughthatyoucan’tmissthepoint,shewrote.Rarelyhaveaman’sanklessaidsomuch.ButnotalltheplayfulsocksthatTrudeauwearssendsomekindofpoliticalmessage–someofthemarejustforfun.OneexampleisapairheworeduringameetingwithEndaKenny,thentheprimeministerofIreland,inMontrealonMay4.Duringtheirmeeting,TrudeauworeStarWarssocks–simplybecausethatdayhappenedtobeInternationalStarWarsDay.Ifthispairofsockssentoutanymessage,accordingtoVoguemagazinereporterEmilyFarra,thatmessagewasjustthathehasaquirkysideandlovesGeorgeLucasfilms,shewrote.However,somesaythat45-year-oldTrudeau’sunusualsockchoicesshowachildishsideoftheprimeministerthatprovesheisn’tmatureenoughtobetheleaderofacountry.ButFriedmandoesn’tseeitthatway.ThesockshavebeenasourceofprideandapplauseonaninternationalscaleasymbolbothofMr.Trudeau’sabilitytoembracemulticulturalismandofhispositionasanext-generationleadernotboundbyoldtraditions,shewrote.Theyhaveopeneduppossibilitiesforthefuture.1.Trudeauworeapairofsockswiththepatternofmapleleavesto_______A.distractaudience’sattentionfromtheTVshowsB.sendamessagethatheisproudofhiscountryC.narrowthegapbetweenpoliticianandciviliansD.claimthatheisthenew-generationleaderofthecountry2.Theunderlinedword“quirky〞isclosestinmeaningto_______A.abnormalB.seriousC.enthusiasticD.odd3.AccordingtoFriedman,JustinTrudeau_______A.hasapromisingfuturebutstillaninexperiencedpoliticianB.usedacleverwaytoexploreandfinallydiscoveredagoldmineC.isopen-mindedandisreadytoacceptdifferentculturesD.isaleaderwhohasabandonedoldtraditionstobuilduphisfuture4.Thearticleismainlyabout_______A.thestrangehobbyofayoungpoliticianB.ayoungleader’scleverchoiceofsocksC.howmalepoliticiansmaintainpublicimageD.thegenderdifferenceinmodernpoliticians【答案】1.B

2.D

3.C

4.B

【解析】1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句話he

wore

a

pair

of

socks

with

the

pattern

of

maple

leaves

–

a

national

symbol

of

Canada

–

when

he

appeared

on

a

TV

show可知，楓葉是加拿大的這個(gè)國(guó)家的象征，所以Trudeau穿著帶有楓葉圖案的襪子表示他熱愛他的國(guó)家。

2.

猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)文章第五段not

all

the

playful

socks

that

Trudeau

wears

send

some

kind

of

political

message

–

some

of

them

are

just

for

fun可知不是所有Trudeau穿的襪子都帶有政治色彩，有些純屬好玩。第六段主要講了一個(gè)Trudeau在和Enda

Kenny的會(huì)議中穿了一雙有星球大戰(zhàn)圖案的襪子的例子，根據(jù)前文可以猜測(cè)，Vogue雜志的記者Emily

Farra說(shuō)，如果說(shuō)這也有什么含義的話，那一定是奇怪的含義。3.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段a

symbol

both

of

Mr

Trudeau’s

ability

to

embrace

multiculturalism

and

of

his

position

as

a

next-generation

leader

not

bound

by

old

traditions和They

have

opened

up

possibilities

for

the

future可知，F(xiàn)riedman認(rèn)為Trudeau是一個(gè)思想開明、勇于接受文化多樣性的總統(tǒng)，故答案選擇C。4.

主旨大意題。這篇文章主要講的是加拿大總理Trudeau出于各種政治或者個(gè)人喜好等原因在不同的場(chǎng)合穿著帶有不同圖案的襪子的事件，B選項(xiàng)符合主旨。(B)CAFEDISPLAYOURJOURNEYS12April-29May2023YoungpeopleexplorehowtheyhaveadaptedtolifeinOxford.WhenIfirstcamehere,saysoneyoungAfricanwoman,Ijustwantedtocryallthetime.AndnowIhavelearnedtolaughagain.WorkingwithphotographerRoryCarnegieandwriterNikkivanderGaag,youngmenandwomenexploretheirjourneyfromthetimetheyfirstarrivedinastrangeplacetowheretheyfindthemselvestoday.OrganizedbyTheSundayTimesOxfordLiteraryFestival(10－17April2023).SupportedbytheMaggieBlackTrustandOxfordCityCouncil.●ACTIVlTlESFORCHlLDRENANDFAMILIES●MODERNARTTROLLEYFREEArtactivitiesforchildreneveryweekendduringtheexhibitionintheEntranceSpacefrom2p.m.to4p.m.Justdropin.Childrenmustbeledbyanadult.●WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLDSThursday7April,10：30a.m.to1：30p.m.Lookingatthemesfromtheexhibitionandexploringpicturesbasedideasthroughgroupdiscussionandusingdigitalcameras.LedbyJudieWaldmann.●BOOKLAUNCHFREETheDrawingBookbySarahSimbletisapracticalapproachtodrawingtheworldaroundyou.SarahSimblet,whoteachesattheRuskinSchoolofDrawingandFineArt,UniversityofOxford,willbepresenttogiveashorttalkaboutthedevelopmentofherbook.Specialpriceof￡18oncopiespurchasedintheevening.Bookingrecommendedon01865813802●TEACHERS’EVENINGFREEThursday21April,5p.m.to7：30p.m.LecturebySusanBright,independentwriterandlecturer,at5：30p.m.followedbyanopportunitytoviewtheexhibition.FREEEducationNoteswillbeprovidedforteachersattendingtheevening.●WORKSHOPFORPRIMARYTEACHERSSaturday7May,10：30a.m.to1：30p.m.Workshopforprimaryteacherswhowouldliketodeveloptheirpracticalartskillaswellasgainanunderstandingofmodernartpractice.LedbyJudieWaldmann,artistandformerprimaryschoolteacher.●TALKSANDWORKSHOPSFORSCHOOLGROUPSExhibitiontalksandartist-ledworkshopstocreateworkinresponsetotheexhibitionareavailableforpre-bookedschoolgroups.Suitableforprimaryandsecondaryschools,tocheckavailabilityanddiscussdetailscallSarahMossopon1865813816.1.Ifyouareateacherandinterestedinart,youprobablywouldliketogoto________.A.TEACHERS’EVENINGB.MODERNARTTROLLEYC.WORKSHOPFORPRIMARYTEACHERSD.TALKSANDWORKSHOPSFORSCHOOLGROUPS2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.SusanBrightwillgiveashorttalkatthelaunchoftheDrawingBook.B.RoryCarnegieandNikkiwillteachyoungpeoplehowtotakephotos.C.TheworkshopledbyJudieisintendedforthesecondaryschoolstudents.D.ThechildrenwhogototheModernArtTrolleymustbeledbyanadult.3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext？A.FreejourneysB.SpringeventsC.WeekendActivitiesD.Activitiesforteachers【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Workshopforprimaryteacherswhowouldliketodeveloptheirpracticalartskillaswellasgainanunderstandingofmodernartpractice可知，答案選擇C。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？芍苯釉谖恼碌谌蜯ODERNARTTROLLEYFREE標(biāo)題下找到Childrenmustbeledbyanadult這句話從而判斷答案選擇D，也可運(yùn)用排除法，根據(jù)BOOKLAUNCHFREE標(biāo)題下TheDrawingBookbySarahSimbletisapracticalapproachtodrawingtheworldaroundyou.SarahSimblet,whoteachesattheRuskinSchoolofDrawingandFineArt,UniversityofOxford,willbepresenttogiveashorttalkaboutthedevelopmentofherbook可知是SarahSimblet而不是SusanBright要發(fā)表講話，故A錯(cuò)；根據(jù)文章第一段和第二段可知文中并沒(méi)有說(shuō)RoryCarnegie和Nikki要教年輕人攝影；定位Judie到標(biāo)題WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLDS下面，但根據(jù)標(biāo)題可知，這個(gè)workshop主要針對(duì)的是8到12歲的孩子，故C錯(cuò)。3.推斷題?？蛇\(yùn)用排除法，首先除了局部標(biāo)題顯示是FREE之外，其他并沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)是否免費(fèi)，所以A不適宜；WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLDS和TEACHERS’EVENINGFREE這兩個(gè)活動(dòng)是在周四舉辦，所以并不是所有活動(dòng)都是在周末，所以C排除；根據(jù)WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLD可知不是所有的活動(dòng)都是針對(duì)老師的，所以D排除，答案選擇B(C)Researchersinthefieldofpsychologyhavefoundthatoneofthebestwaystomakeanimportantdecision,suchaschoosingauniversitytoattendorabusinesstoinvestin,involvestheutilizationofadecisionworksheet.Psychologistswhostudyoptimizationcompareactualdecisionsmadebypeopletotheoreticalidealdecisionstoseehowsimilartheyare.Supportersoftheworksheetprocedurebelievethatitwillyieldoptimal,thatis,thebestdecisions.Althoughthereareseveralvariationsontheexactformatthatworksheetcantake,theyareallsimilarintheiressentialaspects.Worksheetsrequiredefiningtheprobleminaclearandconcisewayandthenlistingallpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Next,therelevantconsiderationsthatwillbeaffectedbyeachdecisionarelisted,andtherelativeimportanceofeachconsiderationorconsequenceisdetermined.Eachconsiderationisassignedanumericalvaluetoreflectitsrelativeimportance.Adecisionismathematicallycalculatedbyaddingthesevaluestogether.Thealternativewiththehighestnumberofpointsemergesasthebestdecision.Sincemostimportantproblemsaremultifaceted(多層面的),thereareseveralalternativestochoosefrom,eachwithuniqueadvantagesanddisadvantages.Oneofthebenefitsofapencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedureisthatitpermitspeopletodealwithmorevariablesthantheirmindscangenerallycomprehendandremember.Ontheaverage,peoplecankeepaboutsevenideasintheirmindsatonce.Aworksheetcanbeespeciallyusefulwhenthedecisioninvolvesalargenumberofvariableswithcomplexrelationships.Arealisticexampleformanycollegestudentsisthequestion--WhatwillIdoaftergraduation?Agraduatemightseekapositionthatoffersspecializedtraining,pursueanadvanceddegree,ortravelabroadforayear.Adecision-makingworksheetbeginswithabriefstatementoftheproblemthatwillalsohelptonarrowit.Itisimportanttobeclearaboutthedistinctionbetweenlong-rangeandimmediategoalsbecauselong-rangegoalsofteninvolveadifferentdecisionthanshort-rangeones.Focusingonlongrangegoals,agraduatingstudentmightrevisethequestionaboveto―WhatwillIdoaftergraduationthatwillleadtoasuccessfulcareer?1.Ofthefollowingsteps,whichoccursbeforetheothersinmakingadecisionworksheet?A.Listingtheconsequencesofeachsolution.B.Calculatinganumericalsummaryofeachsolution.C.Decidingwhichconsequencesaremostimportant.D.Writingdownallpossiblesolutions2.Accordingtodecision-worksheettheory,anoptionaldecisionisdefinedasonethat_______.A.hasthefewestvariablestoconsiderB.usesthemostdecisionworksheetsC.hasthemostpointsassignedtoitD.isagreedtobythegreatestnumberofpeople3.Theauthorstatesthat―Ontheaverage,peoplecankeepaboutsevenideasintheirmindsatoncetoexplainthat________.A.mostdecisionsinvolvesevenstepsB.humanmentalcapacityhaslimitationsC.somepeoplehavedifficultymakingminoraswellasmajordecisionsD.peoplecanlearntokeepmorethansevenideasintheirmindswithpractice4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Atooltoassistinmakingcomplexdecisions.B.Acomparisonofactualdecisionsandidealdecisions.C.Researchonhowpeoplemakedecisions.D.Differencesbetweenlong-rangeandshort-rangedecisionmaking.答案】1.D2.C3.B4.A【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Worksheetsrequiredefiningtheprobleminaclearandconcisewayandthenlistingallpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Next,…可知，第一步是要寫下所有可能的解決方法，答案選擇D。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句話Supportersoftheworksheetprocedurebelievethatitwillyieldoptimal,thatis,thebestdecisions可知anoptimaldecision指的是thebestdecision，又由第一段最后一句話Thealternativewiththehighestnumberofpointsemergesasthebestdecision可知答案選擇C。3.推理判斷題。由文章第二段第二句話Oneofthebenefitsofapencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedureisthatitpermitspeopletodealwithmorevariablesthantheirmindscangenerallycomprehendandremember可知apencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedure的好處之一就是它能讓人處理比人們的大腦普遍一次性能處理的要多的事情，據(jù)此判斷后面這句話應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是人類的精神力量是有限制的，故答案選擇B。4.主旨大意題。通篇讀下來(lái)，文章主要是在介紹adecision-makingworksheet的好處以及用途，B、C、D不符合文章大意。SectionC(8%)A.Addashortbutdescriptivesubjectline.B.Havingotherswaitingforyoure-mailshurtstheirenthusiasmforwork.C.Itcouldgetyouabadreputationasbeingindiscreet.D.Peoplefindlonge-mailsirksomeandenergy-sapping.AB.Rushede-mailsthatviolatethebasicnormsofwrittenlanguagebespeakcarelessness.AC.Sendingoute-mailsafterworkinghourcouldbeseenasbeingimpolite.Yourclientsandcolleaguesdon’thavetimetoengagefullywitheverye-mailtheyget.Someofthemreceivehundredsofmessagesperday.That’swhytheystartwiththeonestheycandealwithquickly.Theymaynevergetaroundtoanswering—orevenreading—therest.Sohowdoyouearntheirattention?Trythesetips:Sticktostandardcapitalizationandpunctuation.Conventionsofgoodwritingmayseemlikeawasteoftimefore-mail,especiallywhenyou’retappingoutmessagesonahandhelddevice.Butit’samatterofgettingthingsright—thelittlethings.Evenifpeopleinyourgroupdon’tcapitalizeorpunctuateintheirmessages,standoutassomeonewhodoes.______67_____Andtheirabbreviatedstylecanbeconfusing.Ittakeslesstimetowriteaclearmessagethefirsttimearoundthanitdoestofollowuptoexplainwhatyoumeanttosay.Bebrief—butnottoobrief._____68____Themoretheyhavetoscrollorswipe,thelessreceptivethey’llbetoyourmessage.They’llprobablyjustskimitandmissimportantdetails—orskipitaltogether.Sorarelycomposemorethanasinglescreenofreading.Focusyourcontent,andtightenyourlanguage.Butasyou’retrimmingthefatfromyourmessage,keepthemeatintact.Whengivingaprojectupdate,forexample,supplyenoughbackgroundinformationtoorientyourreaders.Consideryourmessagefromtheirperspective.Theyaren’t’asimmersedinyourprojectasyouare,andtheyprobablyhavemanyotherthingsgoingon.Soremindthemwherethingsstoodwhenyoulastsentanupdate,anddescribewhat’shappenedsincethen.____69____Beforehitting―Send,checkyoursubjectline.Ifit’sgenericorblank,yourmessagewillgetlostinyourrecipient’soverstuffedinbox.Areyouaskingsomeonetotakeaction?Highlightthatinthesubjectline.Makeyourrequesteasytofind—andfulfill.Copypeoplejudiciously.Includeonlythosewhowillimmediatelygraspwhythey’reonthethread;don’tautomaticallyclickon―ReplyAll.Yourcorrespondentmayhavebeenoverinclusivewiththe―Copylist,andifyourepeatthatmistake,you’llcontinuetoannoytherecipientswhoshouldn’tbethere.____70____【答案】

1.

AB

2.

D

3.

A

4.

C

【分析】67.

根據(jù)后文confusing等，可以判斷出在講解負(fù)面的內(nèi)容，所以選AB

68.

根據(jù)段首說(shuō)明要brief，所以后面肯定在講解原因，所以填寫D

69.

后文講解到了subject

line，所以選擇A

70.

前文在講解repeat

that

mistake的危害，所以選擇C

Summary

Writing〔共10分〕Tired

of

all

the

pushing

in

supermarkets?

Fed

up

with

waiting

in

endless

lines

to

pay

for

what

you

have

bought?

Angry

at

wasting

time

in

traffic

jams

only

to

find

no

parking

spaces

when

you

eventually

arrive

at

the

store?

If

this

is

you,

then

online

shopping

is

the

answer

to

your

dreams

of

trouble-free

shopping.

Online

shopping

brings

its

own

challenges.

Here

are

a

few

things

to

bear

in

mind

when

browsing

various

websites.

The

claim

made

by

online

sites

is

that

shopping

online

is

a

safe

and

secure

way

to

make

purchases.

The

evidence

challenges

this.

In

any

case,

you

only

have

to

be

the

victim

of

fraud

(欺騙)

once

to

experience

all

the

problems

that

come

with

this

form

of

stealing.

Use

only

sites

that

have

a

trusted

history

and

an

excellent

reputation.

Another

problem

is

that

the

appearance

of

items

in

reality

is

often

quite

different

from

what

you

see

on

your

computer

screen.

This

might

not

be

a

problem

if

you

are

buying

washing

up

powder

but

could

be

a

major

disappointment

when

that

beautiful

blue

dress

you

ordered

turns

up

in

green.

Also,

product

descriptions

are

sometimes

simply

untrue!

Perhaps

the

wisest

plan

is

to

purchase

items

whose

design

and

color

are

not

essential

to

customer

satisfaction.

Some

even

argue

that

online

shopping

indirectly

contributes

to

global

warming.

Yes,

your

car

can

stay

parked

but

how

are

online

goods

delivered?

Often

by

some

large

van

pouring

out

carbon

monoxide

and

adding

to

our

already

desperate

traffic

problems.

You

are

also

by

now

becoming

increasingly

irritated(使煩惱)

by

the

fact

that

the

delivery

is

late

!

【答案】:(要點(diǎn)一)Onlineshoppingcanfreeyouofthetroubleyoumeetwhenbuyingthingsinstore.(要點(diǎn)二)However,ithaschallenges.Firstly,youshouldbearinmindthatyoumustusesiteswhichdeservetrusting.(要點(diǎn)三)Secondly,youshouldn’tbeli