北京市西城區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

北京市西城區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題學(xué)校: 姓名： 班級(jí)： 考號(hào)： 一、完形填空J(rèn)ason,ourson,wasbornonemonthearlyandsohewasweakerthanmostchildren.MywifeMargaretandIoftencomfortedhimashefacedmany1inhischildhood.Inhisseventhgrade,Jason2upfortheschoolrunningteam,whichmademebothproudandworried.Oneafternoon,Jasonreturnedhomeintears,coveredalloverwithfood.Hethrewhisbagonthefloorandshouted:"I’mnevergoingto3again!”Aswelaterlearned,afewolderstudentsmadefunofhisperformanceontheplaygroundandthenthrew_4athimontheschoolbusonthewayhome.Icalledtheschoolleaderaboutwhathappenedonthebus,andJasonneverexperiencedthatagain.Hestayedontheteam,eventhoughthetrouble5 .OnedayinOctober,wehadaheavy6 .Astheotherkidsexercisedinthegymtheynoticedonerunner-Jason- 7aroundthesnow-coveredplayground.Afewweekslater,Jasonhadsomethingtotellus.“Mom,Dad,sitdown,”hesaid.Iwasreadyforthe8 .Hetoldusthateachmonth,studentschosean“athleteofthemonth”.Thecoachwouldlistthetopathletes,andtheotherstudents9forthewinner.Jason'snamehadneverbeenlisted.10thatday,oneofthestudentssaid:"Sir,IwouldliketochooseJasonforathleteofthemonth.”Thecoachlookedsurprised.“Heworks11thananyofus,Sir,”thestudentcontinued."Doeseveryone12 withthis?”thecoachasked.TearsformedinJason,seyesashetolduswhathappenednext."Mom...Dad... 13intheteamputtheirhandsup.’’HismotherandI,alsointears,lookedonashe14showedhiscertificate（證書(shū)）.WheneverIamsad,Ithinkofthisstory.Iremindmyselfthatchallengesarenotovercome（克服）by 15 ,butbypatience,determination,andfaith.Jasonisinuniversitythesedaysandoftenholdsthehighestmarkinhisclass.Heisalsotraininginmartialarts.Iamcompletelysurehe’llwearablackbeltsomeday,andwearitproudly.

1．A．challengesB．dangersC．tasksD．choices2．A．backedB．setC．calledD．signed3．A．schoolB．hospitalC．workD．lunch4．A．rubbishB．foodC．dustD．paint5．A．disappearedB．startedC．continuedD．a(chǎn)rrived6．A．snowB．rainC．trafficD．duty7．A．walkingB．runningC．playingD．looking8．A．loneliestB．kindestC．worstD．brightest9．A．competedB．searchedC．a(chǎn)skedD．voted10．A．ButB．SoC．AfterD．For11．A．morecarefullyB．betterC．morequicklyD．harder12．A．workB．a(chǎn)greeC．helpD．deal13．A．a(chǎn)nyoneB．someoneC．everyoneD．noone14．A．bravelyB．proudlyC．patientlyD．hurriedly15．A．silenceB．effortC．educationD．force二、閱讀選擇TheSecretofaLongLifeIamPeterBrown.Iamawriterwithanimportantmagazine.TheotherdayIsawawhite-hairedmansittingonthechairinfrontofhishouse.Icouldseethewrinkles（皺紋）inhisfaceandneck,andhiswrinkledhands.Articlesonthesecretsoflivingtoanoldagearealwayspopularwithourreaders,soIdecidedtowriteastoryanddiscoverthesecretofthisman’slonglife.AsIwentnearhim,Isaid:“Sir,woulditbeokayifItalkedwithyouforjustamoment?”“Notatall.Actually,itwouldmakemeveryhappy.Igetveryboredsittinghere,evenforashorttime.Untilalittlewhileago,Ilivedafullandactivelifewithoutamoment’srest.”Well,theysaythatalotofactivitieshelponetolivealongtime.

“That’strue,verytrue.Istillfeelverywell,althoughmystephassloweddownalittle.”Theconversationcontinuedinthatwayforawhile.AlthoughItriedtobeverythoughtfulaboutgettinginformationfromolderpeople,itseemedtomethatitwouldnowbeallrighttobegintoasksomepolitequestions.“WoulditbeokayifIsmoked?”“Notatall.”“I’dofferyouone,butIsupposeyouprobablydon'tsmoke,ordrink,or…”“You’rewrong!I’vealwayssmokedagreatdeal.Anduntilalittlewhileago,Iwentdancingeverynight.Andasforalcoholicdrinks”“Doyoumeantosaythatyou’vedonethesethingsallyourlife?”“Ofcourse.Whydoesthatsurpriseyousomuch?”“I’vealwaysbeentoldthatdoingthosethingsisbadforthehealth.”“Nonsense!”“Isupposethatyouhaveanothersecret...alotoffruit...vegetables...alotofexerciseinthefreshair…”“Don’tbesilly!Ihateexerciseinthefreshair,andIdon’tlikeanykindofvegetable.“Thisisunbelievable!”“Whatdoyoumean,unbelievable?Whatareyoutalkingabout?”“It’sjustthatIcan’tunderstandhowyou’vebeenabletolivelikethatandtohavelastedsolong.Tellme,howoldareyou?”“Me?I’mtwenty-eight.Why?”16．WhydidPeterBrowndecidetowriteastoryabouttheman?A．Becausethemanlookedhealthy.B．Becausehethoughtthemanlookedcool.C．Becausethemanwaswhite-hairedandwrinkled.D．Becausereadersareinterestedinthesecretofalonglife..Whatwouldthemanprobablysayafter“Andasforalcoholicdrinks…”？A．A．Idon’tlikethem.B.Idrinkalittle.DD.Theycosttoomuch.B.ofteneatsvegetablesD.staysathomeeverynightC.They’vemyfavorite..Accordingtothestory,theman A.smokesalotC.likesdoingsports19．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．A．All’swellthatendswell.B．It’snevertoolatetolearn.C．C．Whatyouseeiswhatyouget.D．Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.AmyMaplethorpe,afirst-yearspeech-languageteacheratRaymondEllisPrimarySchool,usedtennisballs,ahotgluegun,ModPodgeandabitofpainttocreatetwochairsthathelpstudentswithsensory（感官的）problems.Accordingtotheschool’sFacebookpage,whichbecameverypopular,thechairsprovidea“differenttexture（質(zhì)地）toimprovesensoryregulation（調(diào)控）.MaplethorpetoldABCNewsthatthechairswillserviceabout15to20students.Childrenwithsensoryproblemsoftenhaveahardtime“dealingwithsensoryinformation”.Things,suchascoats,blanketsandMaplethorpe’schairs,oftencomfortastudent.Maplethorpewasexcitedtocreatethechairafterseeingsomethingsimilaronawebsite,andshemadesomechangestotheidea.“IwantedtocontinuetohelpstudentswithsensoryproblemsatEllisandprovideadifferentkindofseatforthestudents,”shecontinued.“Iwasexcitedthatthischaircouldhelpmystudents.’’Thetwochairsarenowintheschool’ssensoryroom,whichwascreatedrecently,accordingtoheadmaster,BethKiewicz.“Whenachild’ssensoryneedsaremet,wethencanmoveontotheirneedsinstudy,”Kiewicz,whohasledtheschoolforsixyears,toldABCNews.Maplethorpesaidthechairshavealreadymadeadifferenceforsomeofherstudents.“Studentshavebecomemorepatient,andhavefolloweddirections,whilewaitingforactivities,”shesaid.20．WhatgaveMaplethorpetheideatocreatethetennisballchair?A．Serviceinthesensoryroom.B．Chairsintheteachers’office.C．Somethingsimilaronawebsite.D．Encouragementfromtheheadmaster.21．Howcanthetennisballchairhelpchildrenwithsensoryproblems?A．Ithelpsstudentswithsensoryregulation.B．Itcausesstudentstobemorerestless.C．Itimprovesstudents’memory.D．Itmakesstudentssleepwell.22．Accordingtothearticle,thetennisballchair .A．isnoteasytomakeB．hasbeenprovedhelpfulC．canservicemorethan20studentsD．isthebestwaytotreatsensoryproblemsModelRailroadingWouldyouliketoknowafunwaytolearnaboutmath?Well,youcandothatwithmodelrailroading.Yes,it'strue.Youcanlearnaboutmanyschooltopicswithoutusingaschoolbook.Besidesthat,therearemanyotherbenefitsthatmodelrailroadingbringsusaswell.Inthisarticle,wewilldiscussjustafewofthosebenefitsofmodelrailroading.PatienceandproblemsolvingskillsWhenyoubuildamodelrailroad,youhavetoplanyourrailroadout.Youhavetodecidewherethetracks（軌道）willgo,wheretoputbuildings,wheretoputstreetsandanyotherthingsyouwouldliketoaddtoyourmodelrailroad.Also,youhavetothinkaboutanyproblemsyoumayhavewiththedesignyouchoose.Howwillyoumakerailroadcrossings?Howwillyoudesignhills,mountains,andrivers?Decidingonwhattodowithyourmodelrailroadtakesalotofthoughtandpatience,butitisnotasdifficultasyoumaythink.BuildingskillsWithmodelrailroading,youlearnhowtoputtogetherplasticmodelsofbuildings.Also,youcanlearnhowtobuildatableforyourdesign,ormakesceneryforthegeographyofyourdesign.Yourmodelrailroadrunsonelectricity,soyoulearnaboutelectronicsaswell.Theseareskillsthatnotonlyhelpyoubuildamodelrailroad;theseskillswillhelpyouthroughoutlife.FunforfamilyandfriendsDifferentfrommanyvideogames,modelrailroadingisasocialhobbythatletsyoucommunicatewithfamilyandfriends.Thisisbecauseyouhavetocommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsasyoubuildandrunyourmodelrailroad.Byspendingtimewiththepeopleinyourlifeyouloveandcareabout,youlearntobecomecloserandcaremoreforeachother.Thisisoneofthebestpartsofmodelrailroadingasahobby.Ofcourse,thebestpartaboutmodelrailroadingisrunningthetrains.Watchingthetrainsrunaroundthetrackandmakeallthesoundsanddoallthethingsthatrealtrainsdogivespeoplehoursofenjoyment.Also,thereisgreatsatisfactioninthefactthatyou,yourfamily,andyourfriendsbuiltthemodelrailroad.Ihopeyoucanlearntoenjoymodelrailroadingandexperienceallthebenefitsyoujustreadaboutandmanyothers.Happyrailroading!23．Inordertobuildamodelrailroad,youhavetobe .A．skillfulandconfidentB．a(chǎn)nelectricalengineerC．thoughtfulandpatientD．a(chǎn)nexpertingeography24．Whatisthebestpartofmodelrailroading?A．Runningthetrains.B．Planningouttherailroad.C．Puttingstreetsandbuildings.D．Learningelectronicsandwiring.25．Accordingtotheauthor,modelrailroadingisasocialhobbybecause .A．itencouragesustocompleteitonourownB．itimprovestheproblemsolvingskillsandcreativityC．itbringsushoursofenjoymentandgreatsatisfactionD．itoffersuschancestocommunicatewithfamilyandfriends26．Wherecanyouprobablyfindthearticle?A．Inanofficialreport.B．Inayouthmagazine.C．Inamedicaltextbook.D．Inatouristguidebook.Feelingsadisanimportantpartofhumannature.JeromeWakefield,aprofessoratNewYorkUniversity,mentionsthatfeelingdownafteryourheartisbrokenisnormalandmayevenbebeneficial.Recently,Wakefield’sstudentshavebeencominguptohimbecausetheirparentsarepressuringthemtogethelpfortheirsadness;oftenthekidswantnopartofit.Ratherthan“l(fā)istentomedicine,”theywanttolistentotheirhearts.Hebelievesthesestudents’reactionrepresentsanimportantpartofhumannature.ProfessorDiener,whohasstudiedhappinessforaquartercentury,findsthattheScotsandmanyotherpeopleslikebeingsad,anddon’tappreciatebeingtoldtheyshouldbehappier.“Theysaytoomuchhappinessmightnotbesuchagoodthing,nomatterwhereitcomesfrom,”saysDiener.Hebelievesit’swrongforthe“happinessindustry”tosendthemessagethatnotonlycanweallbehappier,butwehaveadutytobeso.Hearguesthatwhatisconsiderednormalsadnessissomethingweshouldn’tavoid.EricWilson,aprofessoratWakeForestUniversity,madeeveryefforttosmoothouthishabitualfrownandwearasunnysmile,sinceahappyexpressioncanleadtohappyfeelings.Heeventriedtobeenthusiastic.Whenneitherofthesemadehimhappy,heconcludedthatsuchahappinessmovementwasnogoodforhimatall.Americans,loveforhappiness,hewrites,createsanenvironmentwheresadnessisnotvalued.Theseresearchersbelievetheproblemofcontinuous,extremehappinessshouldnotbesurprising,sincenegativeemotionsdevelopedforareason.Fearwarnsusagainstthepresenceofdanger,forinstance.Sadness,too,seemstobepartofourDNA:monkeys,dogsandelephantsalldisplaysomethingthatlookslikesadness.Being“up”allthetimecancauseyoutoplaydownveryrealthreats.Theybelievethatonlybyexperiencingsadnesscanweexperiencethefullnessofthehumancondition.Theirstudiesshowthatwhenyouareinanegativeframeofmind,youbecomemorelogicalandmorecreative.AbrahamLincolnwasnotlimitedbyhisdarkmoods,andBeethovencomposedhislaterworksinasadstate.VincentvanGogh,EmilyDickinsonandotherartisticgiantssawtheworldthroughaglassdarkly.Peoplewhoaresomewhatunhappyaremoremotivatedtoimproveboththeirownlotandthelotoftheircommunity.Incontrast,peopleatthetopofthehappinesschartsfeelnosuch

urgency.“Ifyou’retotallysatisfiedwithyourlife,”saysDiener,“youdon’tfeellikeworkingforchange.Becarefulwhenpeopletellyouthatyoushouldbehappier.”27．AccordingtoJeromeWakefield,thestudentsrefusetogethelpfortheirsadnessbecauseA．theybelievetheyhaveadutytobehappyB．theyprefertoexperiencesadnessthemselvesC．theythinkituselesstotakemedicineforsadnessD．theytrusttheirprofessorsmorethantheirparents28．Fromthearticlewecanlearnthat .A．experiencingsadnessmayhelpartistscreatetheirworksB．sadnesswillmakepeopleawareofthemeaningofhappinessC．ifyoutelltheScotstobehappier,theywillbegratefultoyouD．EricWilsonmanagedtoachievehappinessbyavoidingsadness29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“smoothout”inParagraph4probablymean?B．makeoutDB．makeoutD．payattentiontoB．PeoplePreferSadnessD．HappinessCouldBeHarmfulC．getridof30．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheValueofSadnessC．HowtoBecomeHappier三、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子31．Iheldthedooropen anoldlady.32．Hurryup!Thebus (come).33．Don’tworry!Ifheneedsanyhelp,he (call)you.34．Sorry,I (open)yourletterbymistakejustnow.35．Itisveryimportant (keep)thebalancebetweennatureandindustry.36．DadthinksIshouldstudytobeadoctor, I’minterestedinmedicine.37．TheSpringFestival (celebrate)notonlyinChinabutalsoinotherpartsoftheworld.(find)aninterestinghobbywillbegoodforyou.39．InrecentyearsmanyplacesinChina (take)onanewlook.40．Peoplebeganlookingacrosstosee thenoisewascomingfrom.四、漢譯英.我想要參與到這個(gè)計(jì)劃中去。(getinvolvedin).家長(zhǎng)說(shuō)的話(huà)將對(duì)孩子產(chǎn)生影響。(haveaneffecton).即使失敗很多次，你都不應(yīng)該放棄。(evenif).健康依靠的是好的食物，新鮮的空氣和充足的睡眠。(dependon).為了贏得當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊闹С?，上個(gè)月新總統(tǒng)去了那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。(winsupport)五、選用適當(dāng)?shù)脝卧~或短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全句子amazing,arrange,creative,fan,include,personal,season46．YaoMingnotonlyplaysbasketballwellbutheisalsonicetohis .47．Iwas atthechangeinherappearance.48．TheSmithshavemanypetsintheirbigyard, twocats.49．Helikesdesigningsomuchthathehopesto newdressstylesforladiesinthefuture.50． ,Ithinkplayingcomputergamesisawasteoftime.51．Asweallknow,sellingChristmascardsisa business.52．The ofthefurnituregavetheroomanewandpleasinglook.六、閱讀表達(dá)Thebaldeaglehasbeenanofficialsymbol（象征）oftheUnitedStatesformorethan200years.NowitwillsharethestagewithanotherAmericananimal—thebison.Lastspring,thishuge,hairyanimalbecamethecountry’snationalsymbol.Whydoyoulikeit?Whydoyoulikeit?Bison,alsoknownasbuffalo,arethebiggestlandanimalsinNorthAmerica.TheyhaveplayedabigroleinAmericanhistory.Longago,millionsofbisontraveledacrosstheU.S.ManylivedinthegrasslandsoftheGreatPlains.Forhundredsofyears,AmericanIndiansinthatareaneededbisonmeatforfood.Theyusedtheskinstomakeclothingandhouses,andthebonestomaketools.Later,manysettlersmovedtotheGreatPlainstosetupfarmsandtowns.Theyhuntedbisoninlargenumbers.By1900,bisonhadalmostdiedout.Onlyabout1,000bisonwereleft.Sincethen,peoplehaveworkedhardtosavethebison.Today,therearemorethan400,000bisonintheU.S.Theyliveinprotectedareasandalloverthenation.Theircomebackisseenasagreatsuccess.Torecognizethebison’simportanceinU.S.history,wildlifegroupsandAmericanIndiangroupsaskedU.S.lawmakerstomaketheanimalanationalsymbol.Lawmakerspassedabill,orplanforalaw,todothat.ThePresidentthensignedthebillintolaw.U.S.SenatorJohnHoevenofNorthDakotawasonelawmakerwhopushedtogetthelawpassed.“Thebisonisanamazinganimal,”hetoldScholasticNews.“It’sagreatsymbolforagreatcountry.”53．Whatisthebaldeagle?（不多于7個(gè)詞）54．Whyhadthebisonalmostdiedoutby1900?（不多于7個(gè)詞）55．HowmanybisonarethereinAmericatoday?（不多于3個(gè)詞）56．Whydidpeoplemakethebisonanationalsymbol?（不多于8個(gè)詞）七、提綱類(lèi)作文57．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你將參加“國(guó)際學(xué)生文化冬令營(yíng)”活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)準(zhǔn)備一篇發(fā)言稿，介紹一項(xiàng)你最喜歡的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。內(nèi)容包括：WhatisyourfavoritetraditionalChineseart?Whendidyoufirstexperienceit?注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50;2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Hello,everyone!I’mLiHua,fromBeijing,China.Thankyou.參考答案1．A2．D3．A4．B5．C6．A7．B8．C9．D10．A11．D12．B13．C14．B15．D【分析】作者講述了兒子Jason在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)的故事，告訴我們戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)不是用力量，而是靠耐心、決心和信念。1．A考查名詞。A.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；B.dangers危險(xiǎn)；C.tasks任務(wù)；D.choices選擇。此處指兒子在童年遇到挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)我和妻子總是安慰他，下文challengesarenotovercome也給了提示，故選A。2．D考查動(dòng)詞。A.backed使后退；B.set樹(shù)立；C.called打電話(huà)；D.signed簽名。Jason在七年級(jí)時(shí)報(bào)名參加了學(xué)校的跑步隊(duì)。signup報(bào)名，下文提到了他在跑步隊(duì)的活動(dòng)，故選D。3．A考查名詞。A.school學(xué)校；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.work工作；D.lunch午飯。根據(jù)returnedhomeintears和afewolderstudentsmadefunofhisperformanceontheplaygroundandthenthrew4athimontheschoolbusonthewayhome.可知，Jason在學(xué)校受到了年紀(jì)大的同學(xué)的取笑和欺負(fù)，所以說(shuō)再也不去上學(xué)了。故選A。4．B考查名詞。A.rubbish垃圾；B.food食物；C.dust灰塵；D.paint油漆。根據(jù)上文coveredalloverwithfood.可知，是年紀(jì)大的同學(xué)在回家的校車(chē)上向他扔食物，故選B。5．C考查動(dòng)詞。A.disappeared消失；B.started出發(fā)；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.arrived到達(dá)。Jason留在了跑步隊(duì)，即使麻煩還在繼續(xù)。下文列舉了他又遇到的麻煩，故選C。6．A考查名詞。A.snow雪；B.rain雨；C.traffic交通；D.duty責(zé)任。根據(jù)thesnow-coveredplayground.可知，下了大雪，故選A。7．B考查動(dòng)詞。A.walking走；B.running跑；C.playing玩；D.looking看。根據(jù)onerunner可知，Jason一個(gè)人在雪覆蓋的操場(chǎng)上跑步，故選B。8．C考查形容詞。A.loneliest孤獨(dú)的；B.kindest和藹的；C.worst最差的；D.brightest最亮的。Jason說(shuō)他做好了最差的準(zhǔn)備，根據(jù)Jason'snamehadneverbeenlisted.可知，他的處境不好，故選C。9．D考查動(dòng)詞。A.competed比賽；B.searched搜索；C.asked問(wèn)；D.voted投票。教練列出候選運(yùn)動(dòng)員，其他學(xué)生選舉獲勝者。故選D。10．A考查連詞。A.But但是；B.So所以；C.After在……之后；D.For因?yàn)?。Jason的名字從未被教練列出過(guò)，但有一天一個(gè)學(xué)生要選Jason。前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。11．D考查副詞。A.morecarefully更小心；B.better更好；C.morequickly更快；D.harder更努力。這個(gè)學(xué)生選Jason的理由是他比任何人更努力，故選D。12．B考查動(dòng)詞。A.work工作；B.agree同意；C.help幫助；D.deal處理。教練問(wèn)是否每個(gè)人都同意選Jason，故選B。13．C考查代詞。A.anyone任何人；B.someone有人；C.everyone每個(gè)人；D.noone沒(méi)有一個(gè)人。教練問(wèn)是否每個(gè)人都同意選Jason時(shí)，每個(gè)人都舉手同意。與上文“Doeseveryone 12withthis?”呼應(yīng)，故選C。14．B考查副詞。A.bravely勇敢地；B.proudly驕傲地；C.patiently耐心地；D.hurriedly匆忙地。我和他母親看著他驕傲地拿出證書(shū)，淚流滿(mǎn)面。Jason為拿了證書(shū)而驕傲，故選B。15．D考查名詞。A.silence沉默；B.effort努力；C.education教育；D.force力量。作者認(rèn)為挑戰(zhàn)不是用力量戰(zhàn)勝的，而是耐心、決心和信念。故選D。【名師點(diǎn)睛】完形填空題的命題特點(diǎn)及答題方法：.側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力完形填空以文入手，結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容考查學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，主要是詞語(yǔ)搭配、固定句型、近義詞辨析、辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、掌握語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的能力，其中考查實(shí)詞居多。.上下文對(duì)照，考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力做完形填空題時(shí)，單獨(dú)看一句話(huà)是找不到正確答案的，需要注意句子間的關(guān)系及句子與段落的關(guān)系。所謂上下對(duì)照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做題時(shí)要邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。小題1考查名詞。A.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；B.dangers危險(xiǎn)；C.tasks任務(wù)；D.choices選擇。此處指兒子在童年遇到挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)我和妻子總是安慰他，下文challengesarenotovercome也給了提示，故選A。小題4考查名詞。A.rubbish垃圾；B.food食物；C.dust灰塵；D.paint油漆。根據(jù)上文coveredalloverwithfood.可知是大同學(xué)在回家的校車(chē)上向他扔食物，故選B.小題6考查名詞。A.snow雪；B.rain雨；C.traffic交通；D.duty責(zé)任。根據(jù)thesnow-coveredplayground.可知下了大雪，故選A.小題7考查動(dòng)詞。A.walking走；B.running跑；C.playing玩；D.looking看。根據(jù)onerunner可知Jason一個(gè)人在雪覆蓋的操場(chǎng)上跑步，故選B.小題13考查代詞。A.anyone任何人；B.someone有人；C.everyone每個(gè)人；D.noone沒(méi)有一個(gè)人。教練問(wèn)是否每個(gè)人都同意選Jason時(shí)，每個(gè)人都舉手同意。與上文“Doeseveryone12—withthis?”呼應(yīng)，故選C..結(jié)合生活，考查學(xué)生利用常識(shí)解題的能力目的考查學(xué)生的生活常識(shí)，看學(xué)生是否善于觀察生活，積累生活常識(shí)，能否利用常識(shí)去做恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。如小題3考查名詞。A.school學(xué)校；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.work工作；D.lunch午飯。根據(jù)returnedhomeintears和afewolderstudentsmadefunofhisperformanceontheplaygroundandthenthrew4athimontheschoolbusonthewayhome.可知，Jason在學(xué)校受到了年級(jí)大的同學(xué)的取笑和欺負(fù)，所以說(shuō)再也不去上學(xué)了。故選A。小題14考查副詞。A.bravely勇敢地；B.proudly驕傲地；C.patiently耐心地；D.hurriedly匆忙地。我和他母親看著他驕傲地拿出證書(shū)，淚流滿(mǎn)面。Jason為拿了證書(shū)而驕傲，故選B。5.關(guān)注連詞，考查學(xué)生對(duì)行文邏輯、句子關(guān)聯(lián)的理解能力此項(xiàng)用來(lái)考查學(xué)生在缺少連詞的情況下，通過(guò)閱讀能否理解句子與句子的關(guān)系，是否了解行文邏輯的要求，能否掌握表示因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、讓步等的連詞的用法。小題10考查連詞。A.But但是；B.So所以；C.After在……之后；D.For因?yàn)?。Jason的名字從未被教練列出過(guò)，但有一天一個(gè)學(xué)生要選Jason，前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A.16．D17．C18．A19．D【分析】作者采訪(fǎng)一個(gè)滿(mǎn)頭白發(fā)滿(mǎn)臉皺紋的人長(zhǎng)壽的秘訣，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)人吸煙、喝酒、不喜歡吃蔬菜也不喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，最后得知這個(gè)人才28歲。16．D細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第一段Articlesonthesecretsoflivingtoanoldagearealwayspopularwithourreaders,soIdecidedtowriteastoryanddiscoverthesecretofthisman'slonglife.可知，因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)壽的文章很受讀者歡迎，所以作者決定寫(xiě)篇文章來(lái)介紹這個(gè)人長(zhǎng)壽的秘訣。故選D。17．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)I'vealwayssmokedagreatdeal.Anduntilalittlewhileago,Iwentdancingeverynight.和這個(gè)人認(rèn)為吸煙喝酒有害健康是胡說(shuō)可知，他既吸煙也喝酒，C項(xiàng)表達(dá)了此意，故選C。18．A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)I'vealwayssmokedagreatdeal.可知，這個(gè)人吸煙很多，故選A。19．D推理判斷題。作者采訪(fǎng)一個(gè)滿(mǎn)頭白發(fā)滿(mǎn)臉皺紋的人長(zhǎng)壽的秘訣，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)人吸煙、喝酒、不喜歡吃蔬菜也不喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，最后得知這個(gè)人28歲。這個(gè)故事告訴我們不要以貌取人，故選D?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題的常見(jiàn)考查形式及解題方法：推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。這兩類(lèi)題常常相互依存，推理是為了做出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴(lài)于合乎邏輯的推理。此類(lèi)題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上，做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒(méi)有直接表達(dá)的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。本文主要考查推測(cè)文章的觀點(diǎn)或結(jié)論。小題2推斷這個(gè)人說(shuō)“Andasforalcoholicdrinks...”后面的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)I'vealwayssmokedagreatdeal.Anduntilalittlewhileago,Iwentdancingeverynight.和這個(gè)人認(rèn)為吸煙喝酒有害健康是胡說(shuō)可知，他既吸煙也喝酒，所以此處應(yīng)該是喝酒是我的最?lèi)?ài)。小題4考查從文中得出的道理，作者采訪(fǎng)一個(gè)滿(mǎn)頭白發(fā)滿(mǎn)臉皺紋的人長(zhǎng)壽的秘訣，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)人吸煙、喝酒、不喜歡吃蔬菜也不喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，最后得知這個(gè)人28歲。這個(gè)故事告訴我們不要以貌取人。20．C21．A22．B【分析】文章介紹了Maplethorpe為幫助學(xué)生們提高感覺(jué)調(diào)控制造了兩把專(zhuān)門(mén)的椅子。20．C細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第四段Maplethorpewasexcitedtocreatethechairafterseeingsomethingsimilaronawebsite,andshemadesomechangestothe14?2.可矢口，Maplethorpe是從網(wǎng)上看至“了類(lèi)似的東西，然后制造了這種網(wǎng)球椅。故選C。21．A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段thechairsprovidea“differenttexture（質(zhì)地）toimprovesensoryregulation（調(diào)控）.可知，這種椅子可以幫助學(xué)生們提高感覺(jué)調(diào)控，故選A。2222．B細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第五段“IwantedtocontinuetohelpstudentswithsensoryproblemsatEllisandprovideadifferentkindofseatforthestudents,”“Iwasexcitedthatthischaircouldhelpmystudents.’‘可知，這種椅子確實(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生們有幫助，故選B。【名師點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題屬直接解答性問(wèn)題，是閱讀理解題中最簡(jiǎn)單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的題。但高考所占的比例大，應(yīng)特別引起注意。事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)題的命題特點(diǎn)是：對(duì)文章或某一段落中的一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章重要事實(shí)的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介紹了Maplethorpe為幫助學(xué)生們提高感覺(jué)調(diào)控制造了兩把專(zhuān)門(mén)的椅子。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫(xiě)作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)；3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如小題1根據(jù)第四段Maplethorpewasexcitedtocreatethechairafterseeingsomethingsimilaronawebsite,andshemadesomechangestotheidea.可知Maplethorpe是從網(wǎng)上看到了類(lèi)似的東西，然后制造了這種網(wǎng)球椅。小題2根據(jù)第二段thechairsprovidea“differenttexture（質(zhì)地）toimprovesensoryregulation（調(diào)控）.可知，這種椅子可以幫助學(xué)生們提高感覺(jué)調(diào)控。小題3根據(jù)第五段“IwantedtocontinuetohelpstudentswithsensoryproblemsatEllisandprovideadifferentkindofseatforthestudents,”“Iwasexcitedthatthischaircouldhelpmystudents.’‘可知，這種椅子確實(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生們有幫助。23．C24．A25．D26．B【分析】本文介紹的是玩鐵路運(yùn)輸模型可以培養(yǎng)出的能力和好處。23．C細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題內(nèi)容Patienceandproblemsolvingskills和本段中Decidingonwhattodowithyourmodelrailroadtakesalotofthoughtandpatience可知，為了建立一個(gè)鐵路模型應(yīng)該具備耐心和解決問(wèn)題的能力和思考，故選C。24．A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段thebestpartaboutmodelrailroadingisrunningthetrains.可知，關(guān)于火車(chē)模型的最好的部分是運(yùn)行火車(chē)，故選A。25．D細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段開(kāi)頭Differentfrommanyvideogames,modelrailroadingisasocialhobbythatletsyoucommunicatewithfamilyandfriends.Thisisbecauseyouhavetocommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsasyoubuildandrunyourmodelrailroad.可知，鐵路模型作為一種社會(huì)愛(ài)好可以讓你與家人和朋友溝通，故選D。26．B推理判斷題。本文介紹的是鐵路模型鍛煉的能力和好處，此類(lèi)文章不屬于官方報(bào)道和醫(yī)學(xué)教科書(shū)，也不屬于旅游指南。應(yīng)該出自青年雜志，故選B。27．B28．A29．C30．A【分析】文章通過(guò)例子講述了悲傷是人性的重要組成部分，是我們不可避免的正常情緒。只有經(jīng)歷了悲傷，我們才能體驗(yàn)到人類(lèi)狀態(tài)的充實(shí)，才會(huì)變得更有邏輯，更有創(chuàng)造力。27．B細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段Wakefield,sstudentshavebeencominguptohimbecausetheirparentsarepressuringthemtogethelpfortheirsadness;oftenthekidswantnopartofit.Ratherthan“l(fā)istentomedicine,”theywanttolistentotheirhearts.可知，Wakefield認(rèn)為學(xué)生們不想為自己的悲傷尋求幫助，他們想傾聽(tīng)自己的內(nèi)心。也就是他們寧愿自己體驗(yàn)悲傷，故選B。28．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Beethovencomposedhislaterworksinasadstate.VincentvanGogh,EmilyDickinsonandotherartisticgiantssawtheworldthroughaglassdarkly.的例子可知，經(jīng)歷悲傷可幫助藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作作品，故選A。29．C猜測(cè)詞義題。此處指WakeForestUniversity的教授EricWilson竭盡全力消除他習(xí)慣性的皺眉，帶著燦爛的笑容，因?yàn)榭鞓?lè)的表情能帶來(lái)快樂(lè)的感覺(jué)。"smoothout”消除，與getridof同義，故選C。30．A主旨大意題。文章通過(guò)例子講述了悲傷是人性的重要組成部分，是我們不可避免的正常情緒。只有經(jīng)歷了悲傷，我們才能體驗(yàn)到人類(lèi)狀態(tài)的充實(shí)，才會(huì)變得更有邏輯，更有創(chuàng)造力。A項(xiàng)“悲傷的價(jià)值”，能概括全文，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選A。31．for32．iscoming33．willcall34．opened35．tokeep36．because37．iscelebrated38．Finding39．havetaken40．where【分析】本題考查單詞拼寫(xiě)，要求根據(jù)所給單詞或漢語(yǔ)完成句子。要在理解句意的基礎(chǔ)上判斷所填詞的形式或時(shí)態(tài)。31．for考查介詞。句意：我為老太太開(kāi)門(mén)。表示“為了”用介詞for，故填for。32．iscoming考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：快點(diǎn)，公交車(chē)過(guò)來(lái)了。此處是用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)，故填iscoming。33．willcall考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：別擔(dān)心，如果他需要幫助會(huì)給你打電話(huà)。此處表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)。故填willcall。34．opened考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：抱歉，我剛才錯(cuò)打開(kāi)了你的信。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)justnow可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填opened。35．tokeep考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：保持自然和工業(yè)的平衡是非常重要的。句中it是形式主語(yǔ)，用不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)，故填tokeep。36．because考查連詞。句意：父親認(rèn)為我應(yīng)當(dāng)成為一名醫(yī)生，因?yàn)槲覍?duì)醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣。表示原因，故填because。37．iscelebrated考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：春節(jié)不僅在中國(guó)而且也在世界的其他地區(qū)被慶祝。此處表示客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)TheSpringFestival和動(dòng)詞celebrate是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式iscelebratedo38．Finding考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：找到一個(gè)有趣的愛(ài)好對(duì)你有好處。此處是動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，故填Finding.39．havetaken考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：近年來(lái)中國(guó)的許多地方呈現(xiàn)出新面貌。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inrecentyears和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，與主語(yǔ)manyplaces一致，故填havetaken。40．where考查副詞。句意:人們開(kāi)始環(huán)顧四周看噪音來(lái)自哪里。表示“哪里”引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，故填whereo41．Iwanttogetinvolvedintheplan.42．Thewordsthatparentsspeakwillhaveaneffectonachild.43．Evenifyouhavefailedmanytimes,youshouldn’tgiveup.44．Healthdependsongoodfood,freshairandenoughsleep.45．Thenewpresidenttraveledtothatsmalltownlastmonthtowinsupportfromthelocalpeople.【分析】本題考查根據(jù)所給詞語(yǔ)翻譯句子，要考慮清句子的主干，然后判斷時(shí)態(tài)、詞序等，最后寫(xiě)出完整的句子。41．Iwanttogetinvolvedintheplan.考查翻譯句子。句中“想要”是wantto，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“參與到”是getinvolvedin,故答案是Iwanttogetinvolvedintheplan.42．Thewordsthatparentsspeakwillhaveaneffectonachild.考查翻譯句子。句中“家長(zhǎng)說(shuō)的話(huà)”用定語(yǔ)從句表示，先行詞是Thewords?！皩?duì)…產(chǎn)生影響”是haveaneffecton，根據(jù)句意可知用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故答案為T(mén)hewordsthatparentsspeakwillhaveaneffectonachild.43．Evenifyouhavefailedmanytimes,youshouldn’tgiveup.考查翻譯句子。句中“即使”用evenif，“放棄”用giveup。從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故答案為Evenifyouhavefailedmanytimes,youshouldn’tgiveup.44．Healthdependsongoodfood,freshairandenoughsleep.考查翻譯句子。句子是客觀真理用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句中“依靠”是dependon與主語(yǔ)Health一致用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故答案為Healthdependsongoodfood,freshairandenoughsleep.45．Thenewpresidenttraveledtothatsmalltownlastmonthtowinsupportfromthelocalpeople.考查翻譯句子。句中“贏得支持”是win