【翻譯】四六級翻譯?？贾黝}詞

帶星號（*）為六級同學(xué)掌握，級可以不用看（4個主題，每個主題兩張：詞匯1+例句1)1.中國文化類文章開頭的音頻是所有內(nèi)容的朗讀，便于大家記誦。四大發(fā)明：thefourgreatinventions印刷術(shù)/*活字印刷術(shù)：printing/movable-typeprinting造紙術(shù)：paper-making指南針：compass火藥：gunpowder絲綢之路：theSilkRoad瓷器/*陶器：china/pottery硬幣/紙幣:coins/paperbills對外貿(mào)易/海外貿(mào)易/*海上貿(mào)易：foreigntrade/overseastrade/maritimecommerce古代文明：ancientcivilization文化交流：culturalexchange文化沖突：culturalshock/culturalconflict文化產(chǎn)業(yè)：culturalindustry文化遺產(chǎn)：culturalheritage鄉(xiāng)村文化：ruralculture民族文化：nationalculture民間藝術(shù)：folkart表演藝術(shù)：performingart特征：feature/characteristic祖先：ancestor哲學(xué)家：philosopher中國文學(xué)：Chineseliterature中外學(xué)者：Chineseandoverseasscholars巨著：greatworks顯著成就：remarkableachievements神話/傳說：myth/legend陽歷/陰歷：solarcalendar/lunarcalendar金/木/水/火/土：metal/wood/water/fire/earth工藝/手工藝品：craft/handicraft唐朝：TangDynasty始于…年/持續(xù)…時間/滅亡：beginin/lastfor/collapse統(tǒng)治/統(tǒng)治者：govern(v.)rule(v)/ruler(n.)在…統(tǒng)治下：duringthereignof...權(quán)力/權(quán)威：power/authority戲劇/京劇/劇院：drama/PekingOpera/theater詩人/政客：poet/politician少數(shù)民族：ethnicminority社會地位：socialstatus起源于：originatein/from…(在一個地方起源用in，從一個地方起源用from)追溯至U:betracedbackto…/trace…backto…發(fā)源地：birthplace古代：ancienttimes現(xiàn)代：moderntimes獨特元素：auniqueelement組成(選一背誦即可)：AconstituteB/AcompriseB/AmakeupB(A組成B)BconsistofA/BiscomposedofA(B由A組成)【常見錯誤：切忌不要用compriseof】工業(yè)革命：industrialrevolution代表：represent/standfor象征：symbolize(v.)/symbolic(adj.)/symbol(n.)繁榮：prosperous(adj.)/prosperity(n.)/flourish(v.)國寶：nationaltreasure腐?。篶orruption擴(kuò)大領(lǐng)土：extendtheterritory/domain奪取政權(quán)：seizethepower才子佳人：giftedscholarsandbeautifulladies下棋飲茶：playchessanddrinktea耕耘收割:sowandreap織布縫衣：weaveandsew湖上打漁:fishonthelake砍柴采藥:cutfirewoodandgatherherbs吟詩作畫：composepoemsandpaintpictures經(jīng)典模板句練習(xí)(配合課堂內(nèi)容)：.中國武術(shù)(martialart)的起源可以追溯到自衛(wèi)的需要、狩獵活動以及古代中國的軍事訓(xùn)練(CET-4)oTheoriginofChinesemartialartcanbetracedbacktotheneedsofself-defense,huntingandancientChinesemilitarytraining..構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在世界基礎(chǔ)的許多元素都起源于中國 (CET-4)oManyelementswhichconstitute/comprisethefoundationofthemodernworldoriginatedinChina..最出名的就是門神和三大神一一福神、薪神和壽神(ThreeGodsofBlessing,SalaryandLongevity)，寓意著莊稼豐收，家畜興旺和慶祝春節(jié)(CET-4,6)oThemostfamousonesareDoorGodsandThreeGodsofBlessing,SalaryandLongevity,symbolizing/whichsymbolizethegood/abundantharvestofcrops,theprosperityofdomestic/homeanimalsandthecelebrationoftheSpringFestival..那時，黃色是專為皇帝使用的顏色，皇家宮殿全都漆成黃色，皇袍總是黃色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黃色衣服的 (CET-4)。Atthattime,yellowwasonly/exclusivelyusedfortheemperor.Theroyalpalacewaspaintedyellowandtheimperialrobewasalwaysyellow.However,ordinarypeoplewereforbiddentowearclothesofthecolor..反應(yīng)在藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中的鄉(xiāng)村生活理想是中國文明的重要特征。 這在很大程度上歸功于道家(Taoist)對自然的感情。(CET-6)TherurallifeidealreflectedintheartsandliteratureisanimportantfeatureofChinesecivilization.This,toalargeextent,canbeattributedtotheTaoistaffectiontowardsnature..漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多顯著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞開了大門，對外貿(mào)易興旺。漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向中西亞乃至羅馬，各類藝術(shù)流派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)，歷史，哲學(xué)巨著。(CET-6)ThereareanumberofremarkableachievementsduringthereignoftheHandynasty,whichfirstunlockedthedoortootherculturesandmadeforeigntradeprosperous.TheSilkRoadwhichtheHandynastyhasexploredledtoCentralandWesternAsia,andeventoRome,withallvarietiesofartschoolsflourishingandmanyworksinliterature,historyandphilosophy..大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但是現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價大跌時大量購買黃金的中國婦女。(CET-6)Theword“dama”isusedtodescribemiddle-agedwomen.However,itparticularlyreferstothoseChinesewomenwhorushedtopurchasealargeamountofgoldwhenthegoldpricedecreasedsharplynotlongago..宋朝還最早使用火藥并發(fā)明了活字(movable-type)印刷。人口增長迅速，越來越多的人住進(jìn)城市，那里有熱鬧的娛樂場所。社會生活多種多樣。人們聚集在一起觀看和交易珍貴藝術(shù)品。宋朝的政府體質(zhì)在當(dāng)時也是先進(jìn)的。政府官員均通過競爭性考試選拔任用。(CET-6)TheSongDynastywasthefirsttousegunpowderandtoinventmovable-typeprinting.Withrapidlyincreasingpopulation,moreandmorepeoplemovedintocities,inwhichentertainmentvenueswereverybusy.Therearemanyformsofsociallife.TheSongdynastyalsohadanadvancedgovernmentsystemintheworld.Allofthegovernmentofficialswereselectedandappointedthroughthecompetitiveexamination.2.旅游城市類文章開頭的音頻是所有內(nèi)容的朗讀，便于大家記誦。風(fēng)景/風(fēng)光：scenery/landscape目的地：destination景點：touristattraction/scenicspot游覽：sightseeing(n.)/seethesight歷史古跡：historicsite文物：culturalrelic位于：belocatedin以...而聞名/作為..?而聞名：befamousfor…/befamousas享譽盛名:earnagreatreputation有…年歷史:hasahistoryof…years面積/人口：area/population平方公里：squarekilometers規(guī)模：scale漁村/水鄉(xiāng)：fishingvillage/watertown偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)：remoteareas日出/日落：sunrise/sunset濕潤的/干燥的：wet(humid)/dry宏偉壯麗：magnificent治療疾?。簍reatdiseases溫泉/瀑布：hotspring/waterfall園林建筑：gardenarchitecture寺廟/殿堂：temple/hall塔：pagoda/tower樓：mansion亭：pavilion溪/河/海：stream/river/sea林/田/*牧：forest/field/pasture東南角/東南部：southeasterncorner/southeasternpart華北：NorthChina/northernChina/northernregionsofChina陜南：southernShaanxi江南：YangtzeRiverDelta山東省中部：inthecenterofShandongProvince蜿蜒小路：windingroad/trail朝圣/朝圣者pilgrimage/pilgrim避暑勝地：summerresort美不勝收：toomanybeautifulthingstobeappreciatedatonce聞名遐邇：knownfarandwide奇花異草：exoticflowersandherbs絡(luò)繹不絕：anendlessstream山水畫：landscapepainting攝影：photography獲得靈感：obtaininspiration纜車：cablecars新趨勢：newtrend/tendency背包旅行/背包客：backpacking/backpacker體驗文化：experiencecultures豐富知識：enlargeknowledge拓展視野：broadenhorizon生活節(jié)奏：lifetempo/pace餐館/旅館：restaurant/hotel住宅/集市/庭院：dwelling/market/courtyard洪水/干旱：flood/drought衣食住行：clothing,meals,accommodation,transportation月餅：mooncake海鮮：seafood年糕：ricecake餃子：dumplings面條：noodle面粉：flour粥：porridge米飯（水稻）：rice谷物（糧食）：grain小麥：wheat三明治：sandwich漢堡：hamburger湯：soup菜：dish/cuisine（dish是一道菜，cuisine是菜肴、烹飪）糖/鹽/醋/酒/油：sugar/salt/vinegar/wine/oil色/香/味/行：color/aroma/taste/appearance酸/甜/苦/辣/咸/淡：sour/sweet/bitter/spicy/salty/light煮/炸/熏/烤：boil/fry/smoke/bake(roast,grill)西瓜/葡萄：watermelon/grape經(jīng)典模板句練習(xí)(配合課堂內(nèi)容)：.黃山位于安徽省南部。它風(fēng)景獨特，尤以其日出和云海著稱。(CET-4)。MountHuangislocatedinthesouthofAnhuiprovince.Withuniquesceneries,itisparticularlyfamousforthesunriseandtheseaofclouds..年輕游客數(shù)量的不斷增加，可以歸因于他們迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。(CET-4)。Thenumberofyoungtourists/travelers/visitorsisincreasing,whichcanbeattributedtotherapidgrowthoftheirincomeandthecuriositytoexploretheoutsideworld..傳說中國古代哲學(xué)家墨子用了三年時間在濰坊制作了世界上首個風(fēng)箏，但放飛的第一天風(fēng)箏就墜落并摔壞了。 (CET-4)。ItissaidthatMotse,oneofthephilosophersinancientChina,spentthreeyearsinWeifanginmakingthefirstkiteintheworld,andthatthekitefellandcrashedonthefirstdaywhenitflewinthesky..中國南方大多種植水稻，人們通常以大米為主食；而華北大部分地區(qū)因為過于寒冷或過于干燥，無法種植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麥。(CET-4)。RiceismainlygrowninsouthernChinawherepeopleusuallytakericeasthestaplefood.However,becauseitiseithertoocoldortoodry,itisimpossibletogrowriceinmostofthenorthernregionsofChina,sothemaincropthereiswheat..麗江到處都是美麗的自然風(fēng)光，眾多的少數(shù)民族同胞提供了各式各樣、豐富多彩的文化讓游客體驗。(CET-4)ThereisbeautifulnaturalsceneryeverywhereinLijiang,andmanyethnicalminoritiesprovidetouristswithagreatvarietyofculturalexperiences..珠江是華南一大河系，流經(jīng)廣州市，是中國第三長的河流，僅次于長江和黃河。(CET-4)ThePearlRiver,anextensiveriversysteminsouthernChina,flowsthroughGuangzhouCity.ItistheChina’sthirdlongestriverwhichisonlyaftertheYangtzeRiverandtheYellowRiver..長江流經(jīng)多種不同的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，是諸多瀕危物種的棲息地，灌溉了中國五分之一的土地。(CET-4)Flowingthroughmanydifferentecosystems,theYangtzeRiveristhehabitattoawholehostofendangeredspeciesandirrigatesonefifthofthelandinChina..中國園林是經(jīng)過三千多年演變而成的獨具一格的園林景觀。它既包括為皇室成員享樂而建造的大型花園，也包括學(xué)者、商人和卸任的政府官員為擺脫嘈雜的外部世界而建造的私家花園。這些花園構(gòu)成了一種意在表達(dá)人與自然之間應(yīng)有的和諧關(guān)系的微縮景觀。典型的中國園林四周有圍墻，園內(nèi)有池塘、假山(rockworks)、樹木、花草以及各種各樣由蜿蜒的小路和走廊連接的建筑。漫步在花園中，人們可以看到一系列精心設(shè)計的景觀猶如山水畫卷(scroll)一般展現(xiàn)在面前。(CET-6)TheChinesegardenhasbecomealandscapeofauniquestyleafteranevolvementofmorethan3000years.Itincludesnotonlythelargegardensbuiltforroyalmemberstoenjoythemselves,butalsotheprivategardensbuiltforscholars,merchantsandretiredgovernmentworkerstogetridofthenoisyoutsideworld.Thesegardensconstituteaminiaturedesignedtoexpresstheharmoniousrelationshipbetweenmanandnature.AtypicalChinesegardenissurroundedbywalls.Inthegarden,thereareponds,rockworks,trees,flowersandallkindsofbuildingswhicharelinkedbywindingtrailsandcorridors.Wanderinginthegarden,peoplemayfeelthataseriesofwell-designedsceneryexhibititselfbeforeuslikealandscapescroll.3.科學(xué)教育類大一/大二/大三/大四：freshman/sophomore/junior/senior學(xué)士/碩士/博士：bachelor/master/doctor獲得學(xué)位：obtain/receiveadegree文憑/證書：diploma/certificate學(xué)年：academicyear學(xué)期：term/semester學(xué)習(xí)成績：academicrecord學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)：academicperformance學(xué)分：credit畢業(yè)論文：thesis［本碩］dissertation［博士］文科/理科：arts/science本科生：undergraduate大學(xué)畢業(yè)生：college/universitygraduates研究生：postgraduate博士生：Ph.D.candidate幼兒園：kindergarten小學(xué)：primaryschool/elementaryschool中學(xué)：secondaryschool/highschool系/主修/輔修：department/major/minor教學(xué)設(shè)施：teachingfacility食堂：dininghall/canteen宿舍：dormitory選修課：elective/optionalcourse學(xué)費：tuitionfee教授/副教授/講師：professor/associateprofessor/lecturer全體老師：faculty終身教育：lifelongeducation素質(zhì)教育：quality-orientededucation應(yīng)試教育：exam-orientededucation理論知識：theoreticalknowledge實踐知識：practicalknowledge信息時代：informationage逃課：skipclass德智體美勞全面發(fā)展：allarounddevelopmentofmoral,intellectual,physical,aestheticsandlaboreducation學(xué)習(xí)氛圍：learningatmosphere激發(fā)興趣：stimulateone’sinterest開發(fā)潛力：tapone'spotential學(xué)生減負(fù)：reducestudyload做兼職：workpart-time自我約束：self-discipline自我訓(xùn)練：self-training代溝：generationgap輟學(xué)/失學(xué)學(xué)生：schooldropout/leaver課外活動:extracurricularactivity/after-schoolprogram學(xué)生會：students'association研討會:seminar考研：taketheGraduateSchoolAdmissionTest倉U業(yè)：start/buildone'sownbusiness出國/出國留：goabroad/studyabroad就業(yè)：get/findajob重點大學(xué)：keyuniversity招生:recruit(v.)/recruitment(n.)錄?。篹nroll(v.)/enrollment(n.)申請入學(xué)：applyforadmissionto/into…高考：CollegeEntranceExamination/雇主/雇員：employer/employee職業(yè)培訓(xùn)：jobtraining獎學(xué)金：scholarship專門人才：professionalpersonnel倉U新：innovation經(jīng)典模板句練習(xí)(配合課堂內(nèi)容)：.通過閱讀，人們能更好的學(xué)會感恩、有責(zé)任心和與人合作。 (CET-4)。By/Throughreading,peoplecanbetterlearntobegrateful,responsibleandcooperative..美國網(wǎng)民更多的是受實際需要的驅(qū)使，用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為工具發(fā)電子郵件、買賣商品、做研究、規(guī)劃旅程或付款。(CET-4)oTheAmericannetizensaremorelikelytobedrivenbypracticalneeds,usingtheInternetasatooltosendemails,buyandsellproducts,makeresearches,arrangetripsormakepayments..中國的創(chuàng)新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃發(fā)展。(CET-4)oChina'sinnovationisdeveloping/flourishingatanunprecedentedspeed..中國父母往往過于關(guān)注孩子的學(xué)習(xí)。(CET-4)oChineseparentsusuallypaytoomuchattentiontotheirchildren’sstudy/thestudyoftheirchildren.4.政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類文章開頭的音頻是所有內(nèi)容的朗讀，便于大家記誦。一千：onethousand一萬：tenthousand百萬：onemillion十億：onebillion收益/成本/利潤/花費：benefit/cost/profit/expense優(yōu)等品/劣質(zhì)品：superiorgoods/inferiorgoods風(fēng)險/投資：risk/investment商品：commodity消費：consumption(n.)/consume(v.)折扣：discount發(fā)達(dá)的/發(fā)展中/欠發(fā)達(dá)：developed/developing/underdeveloped經(jīng)濟(jì)危機：economiccrisis經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退：economicrecession經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條：economicdepression經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇：economicrecovery貨幣貶值：devaluation通貨膨脹：inflation順差/逆差：favorablebalance/adversebalance關(guān)稅：tariff債務(wù)減免:debtrelief國內(nèi)補貼：domesticsubsidy可持續(xù)發(fā)展：sustainabledevelopment私營企業(yè)：privateenterprise購買力：purchasingpower預(yù)算：budget風(fēng)險資本:venturecapital經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)：economicregulation技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)：technology-intensiveindustry勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)：labor-intensiveindustry出口/進(jìn)口：export/import生產(chǎn)力：productivity零售/批發(fā)：retail/wholesale需求/供給：demand/supply滿足需求：meettheneed實施/推行：implement/carryout弓強調(diào)：emphasize提倡：advocate號召：callon共同努力：jointeffort集體的/個人的：collective/individual改善/增強/提高/推動：improve/enhance/boost/promote解決：tackle/dealwith/solve/address人力資源：humanresources就業(yè)機會：jobopportunity國家安全：nationalsecurity邊界談判：boundarynegotiation核能：nuclearenergy維持外交關(guān)系：maintaindiplomaticrelations維護(hù)世界和平：safeguardworldpeace版權(quán)：copyright盜版：piracy基因芯片：geneticchip改革開放：reformandopening-up技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓：technologytransfer航天技術(shù)：spacetechnology尖端技術(shù)：state-of-the-arttechnology/cutting-edgedtechnology改造傳統(tǒng)：renovateconventionalindustries建設(shè)國家創(chuàng)新體系：developanationalinnovationsystem工程中心：engineeringcenter專利：patent應(yīng)用型科研機構(gòu)：application-basedresearchinstitution工業(yè)升級：industrialupgrade生物技術(shù)/生命科學(xué)：biotechnology/lifescience納米技術(shù)：nanotechnology網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪:cybercrime網(wǎng)民：netizen教育公平：educationequality教育器材：educationequipment沿海城市：coastalcity占…比例：accountfor…percent簽署合同：signacontract消除貧困：eliminate/reduce/getridofpoverty環(huán)境保護(hù)：environmentalprotection污染預(yù)防：pollutionprevention污染控制：pollutioncontrol治理環(huán)境污染：curbenvironmentalpollution基本政策：basicpolicies廢水/廢氣：wastewater/wastegas環(huán)境惡化:environmentaldegradation/deterioration城市的/城市化：urban/urbanization農(nóng)村的：rural開發(fā)可再生資源：developrenewableresources瀕危野生動物：endangeredwildlife*機械/機械化：machinery/mechanization補充詞匯：必修課：requiredcourse春節(jié)：theSpringFestival除夕：LunarNewYear’sEve中秋節(jié)：Mid-autumnFestival清明節(jié)：Tomb-sweepingFestival元宵節(jié)：LanternFestival端午節(jié)：DragonBoatFestival年夜飯：familyreuniondinner煙花/爆竹：fireworks/firecracker賞燈：viewthelanterns*拜年：payaNewYearcall豆類：bean經(jīng)典模板句練習(xí)(配合課堂內(nèi)容)：.中國政府創(chuàng)建了深圳經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)，作為實施社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的試驗田。(CET-4)TheChinesegovernmentestablishedtheShenzhenSpecialEconomicZoneastheexperimentalplotforimplementationofsocialistmarketeconomy..僅在11月11日，中國消費者就從國內(nèi)最大的購物平臺購買了價值90億美元的商品。中國有不少這樣的特殊購物日。因此，快遞業(yè)(courier)在中國擴(kuò)展就不足為奇了。 (CET-4)JustonNov.11th,Chinesecustomersbought9billiondollarsofgoodsfromthebiggestonlineshoppingwebsite.SincetherearemanysuchspecialshoppingdaysinChina,itisnowonderthatcourierserviceshaveexpandedinChina..為了促進(jìn)教育公平，中國已經(jīng)投入360億元，用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育設(shè)施和加強中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育。(CET-4)Inordertopromotetheequalityineducation,Chinahasinvested36billionyuantoimprovetheeducationfacilitiesinruralareasandenhancetheruralcompulsoryeducationinthecentralandwesternregions..2011年3月日本人核電站事故后，中國的核能開發(fā)停了下來。中止審批新的核電站，并開展全國性的核電安全檢查。(CET-4)AftertheJapanesenuclearpowerplant/stationaccidentinMarch,2011,thedevelopmentoftheChina’snuclearpowerstopped.Theapprovalofnewnuclearpowerplantswassuspended,andthenationwidenuclearenergysafetyinspectionstarted..早在使用機械和化肥之前，勤勞和富有創(chuàng)造性的中國農(nóng)民就已經(jīng)采用各種各樣的方法來增加農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量。(CET-6)Longbeforetheuseofmachineryandfertilizers,industriousandcreativefarmershadalreadyuseddifferentkindsofmethodstoincreasecropyields..第二份報告公布了一些應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究的熱門領(lǐng)域，如 3D打印和人造器官研究。(CET-6)Thesecondreportannouncessomeheatedareasinappliedscience,forinstance,3Dprintingandthestudyofartificialorgans..年均10%的GDP增長已使五億多人脫貧。聯(lián)合國的〃千年(millennium)發(fā)展目標(biāo)〃在中國均已達(dá)到或即將達(dá)到。目前，中國的第十二個五年規(guī)劃強調(diào)發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)和解決環(huán)境及社會不平衡的問題。(CET-6)AnaverageannualGDPgrowthrateat10%makesover500millionpeoplegetridofpoverty.TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsoftheU.N.eitherhavebeenachievedorwillbeachievedsooninChina.Currently,the12thFive-YearPlanofChinaemphasizesthedevelopmentofserviceindustryandthesolutionstoenvironmentandtheimbalanceofsociety..這一新公布的計劃旨在減少四種主要污染源，包括 500萬輛機動車的尾氣(exhaust)排放、周邊地區(qū)燃煤、來自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建筑灰塵。(CET-6)oThisnewlyannouncedplanaimstoreducefourmajorpollutionsources,including