高考英語一輪復習Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”學案新人教版必修

PAGEPAGE26Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．multiculturaladj. 多種文化的2．quizn. 測驗；問答比賽3．polaradj. 極地的；近極地的4．continentn. 洲；大陸5．baggagen. 行李6．harbourn. 海港7．eaglen. 鷹8．urbanadj. 城市的；市鎮(zhèn)的9．bushn. 灌木(叢)；矮樹(叢)10．frostn. 霜；霜凍11．mistn. 薄霧12．boothn. 公用電話間；貨攤；售貨亭13．downtownadj. 市區(qū)的adv. 在市區(qū)；往市區(qū)14．a(chǎn)pproximatelyadv. 接近；大約15．buffetn. 自助餐；飲食柜臺(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．chatvi.&n. 聊天；閑聊2．sceneryn. 景色；風景3．measurevi.&vt. 測量；衡量；判定n. 計量制；計量單位；措施4．a(chǎn)boardprep.&adv. 在(船、飛機、火車或公共汽車)上；上(船、飛機、火車等)5．withinprep. 在……之內(nèi)6．topicn. 話題7．confirmvt. 證實；證明；批準8．dawnn. 黎明；拂曉；破曉9．broadadj. 寬闊的；廣泛的10．nearbyadv. 在附近adj. 附近的；鄰近的11．pleasedadj. 欣喜的；高興的；愉快的(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．surroundvt.包圍；圍繞→surroundingsn．(復數(shù))周圍的事物；環(huán)境→surroundingadj.周圍的2．slightadj.輕微的；微小的→slightlyadv.稍稍；輕微地3．traditionn．傳統(tǒng)；風俗→traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的→traditionallyadv.傳統(tǒng)地4．impressvt.使印象深刻；使銘記→impressiveadj.給人深刻印象的；感人的→impressionn．印象5．terrifyvt.使恐怖；恐嚇→terrifiedadj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的→terrifyingadj.令人恐懼的→terrorn．恐懼→terribleadj.恐怖的；恐懼的6．wealthn．財富→wealthyadj.富有的7．mixvt.&vi.混合；調(diào)配→mixturen．混合(物)；混合狀態(tài)8．distantadj.遠的；遠方的；疏遠的→distancen．距離；遠方[語境活用]1．Robertlefthishometownasapoorboyandreturnedasanextremelywealthyman.However,heknowsthatwealthdoesn'tmeaneverything.(wealth)2．ThoughthereisalongdistancebetweenTomandhisfamily,theydon'tfeeldistant.(distant)3．Withsomanytreesandflowerssurroundingit,theschoollooksverynice.I'dliketobringupmysoninhealthysurroundings,soIwouldliketosendhimtoit.(surround)4．Whentheysawtheterrifyingscene,everyoneonthespotfeltterrifiedandcouldn'tsayaword.(terrify)5．SocharmingarethesightsofJiuzhaigouthattheyleaveadeepimpressiononvisitorsfromhomeandabroad.Totellyouthetruth,Iamdeeplyimpressedbyitsbeautifulscenery.(impress)6．Thelittleboymixedvinegarwithsugar,andthemixturetastednotsobad.(mix)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．surroundvt.包圍；圍繞背詞條用法surround...with...用……包圍/圍繞……besurroundedby/with...被……包圍/環(huán)繞背寫作佳句①Surroundingyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwithrespectandsupportcanbeverybeneficial.圍繞在給你尊重和提供幫助的人的周圍會非常有益。②(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)Thefarmissurroundedby/withagreatmanygreentrees.農(nóng)場被很多綠樹圍繞。2．measurevi.&vt.測量；衡量；判定n.計量制；計量單位；措施；尺寸背詞條用法(1)measure...by...用……來衡量……(2)takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施做某事makesth.tosb.'smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物背寫作佳句Muchtomysadness,IhavetowearthecoatsmadetomyownmeasurebecauseI'mgettingfatternowadays.AlthoughIknowbeautyshouldn'tbemeasuredbyagoodshape,it'stimeformetotakemeasurestoloseweight.令我傷心的是，我不得不穿照我自己的尺寸做的衣服，因為我現(xiàn)在越來越胖了。雖然我知道美麗不應該用好身材來衡量，但現(xiàn)在是我采取措施減肥的時候了。3．confirmvt.證實；證明；批準背詞條用法(1)confirmatheory/rumour證實一種理論/謠言hebeliefthat...使某人堅信……confirmthat...確定/證實……(2)Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已經(jīng)確定/證實……背寫作佳句①Ithasbeenconfirmedthatthecoming-of-ageceremonywilltakeplacenextweek.已經(jīng)確定成人禮將于下個星期舉行。②Therecentairplanecrashconfirmsmeinthebeliefthatstrongersafetyregulationsareneeded.最近的空難使我堅信，更安全的規(guī)則被需要。4．distancen．距離；遠方；遙遠；疏遠v．拉開距離；與……疏遠背詞條用法(1)inthedistance在遠處atadistance(of)在……遠的地方；距離稍遠(2)keepone'sdistance(from)(與……)保持距離keepsb.atadistance對某人冷淡；與某人疏遠；與某人保持一定距離背寫作佳句①(2018·浙江高考讀后續(xù)寫)Muchtoourdelight,thesoundofwaterinthedistancecaughtourattentionanddroveustotheriverbank.令我們特別高興的是，遠處的水聲吸引了我們的注意，把我們引到了河邊。②Itwasdifficulttogettoknowherbecauseshealwayskepteveryoneatadistance.很難搞懂她，因為她總是與每個人保持一定距離。5．impressvt.使印象深刻；使銘記；給……留下極深的印象背詞條用法(1)impresssb.withsth.某事給某人留下深刻印象impresssth.on/uponsb./one'smemory(mind)使某人對某事有印象；使某人銘記某事beimpressedwith/by/at...對……印象深刻；被……所感動(2)leave/makeanimpressiononsb.給某人留下深刻印象背寫作佳句①Myfatherimpressedthevalueofhardworkon/uponme.→Myfatherimpressedmewiththevalueofhardwork.我父親要我牢記努力工作的重要性。②(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)MyEnglishteachermade/leftagoodimpressiononmebyherrichknowledgeandhumoroustalk.我的英語老師以豐富的知識和幽默的談話給我留下了很好的印象。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．dreamof/about 夢想……2．settledown 定居；平靜下來；專心于3．besurroundedby/with 被……包圍4．managetodo 設法做5．catchsightof 看見；瞥見6．haveagiftfor 有……天賦7．inthedistance 在遠處8．a(chǎn)tdawn 在黎明；在拂曉9．beimpressedwith... 對……印象深刻10．inchargeof 負責11．a(chǎn)sfaras 遠至……；就……而言； 盡……所能eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．settledown定居；平靜下來；專心于背相關(guān)短語settledownto(doing)sth.開始專注于(做)某事；著手認真做某事settlein/into安頓下來；適應(新的工作環(huán)境等)settleaproblem/anargument解決問題/爭論背寫作佳句①Inthepast,heoftendreamedofretiringinEnglandandsettlingdowninthecountry.過去他常夢想著在英國退休并在鄉(xiāng)間安頓下來。②Beforewesettledowntodiscussingotherthings,Ihaveaquestiontoaskyou.在我們開始討論別的事情之前，我有個問題要請教你。2．managetodo設法做背相關(guān)短語managesb.設法對付某人managesth.經(jīng)營/管理……manageit成功做到；設法完成背寫作佳句①Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonJeremy'ssalary.我不知道你們只靠杰里米的薪水是怎樣設法生存的。②Thankyouallthesame.Icanmanageitmyself.我還是要謝謝你。我自己能行。3．a(chǎn)sfaras遠至……；就……而言；盡……所能背相關(guān)短語asfarassb./sth.beconcerned就某人/物而言asfarastheeyecansee/reach就視力所能及asfarasIcansee依我看asfarassb.know就某人所知背寫作佳句①Thereisalargelakenearmyhouse,whichextendsasfarasthefootofthehill.我的房子附近有一個很大的湖，它延伸到山腳。②(2019·浙江6月高考寫作)AsfarasIamconcerned,onlybystudyinghardatordinarytimecanwesucceedeventually.就我而言，只有平時努力學習，我們才能最終取得成功。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Ratherthantaketheaeroplanealltheway,theydecidedtoflytoVancouver...(ratherthan“而不是；與其；不愿”)她們不想一路乘飛機，而決定先飛到溫哥華……佳句①Asweintendtoclimbmountains,dobesuretoweargymshoesratherthanleathershoes.既然我們打算去爬山，一定要穿運動鞋而不是穿皮鞋。佳句②Itisthosewhoarewillingtogiveratherthanreceivethatdeservetoberespected.正是那些甘愿奉獻而不索取的人才應得到尊敬。2．Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90metres.(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))那兒濕度很大以至于樹都長得特別高，一些樹測量起來高達90多米。佳句①Timepermitting，wewillwatchafilmthere,whichissurelyaboutthehistoryofYandangMountain.如果時間允許的話，我們將會看一部關(guān)于雁蕩山歷史的電影。佳句②Leavesfallinghereandthere,Isuddenlynoticeautumnisdrawingupon.樹葉到處飄落，我突然意識到秋天來臨了。3．TheywerenotleavingforMontrealuntillater,sotheywentonatourofthecity.(not...until...“直到……才……”)她們要晚些時候才動身去蒙特利爾，因此就在多倫多市內(nèi)游覽了一番。佳句①Shedidn'tstartthelessonuntilthestudentssettleddown.等到學生平靜下來后，她才開始上課。佳句②NotuntilshespokehadIrealizedshewasn'tEnglish.直到她開口說話我才知道她不是英國人。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Standingonthetopofthemountain,thetemplehaswitnessedmanychangesinthisarea.坐落在山頂上的寺廟見證了這個地區(qū)的許多變化。2．NewZealandisanislandcountrywhichliesofftheeasterncoastofAustralia.Itismadeupoftwomajorislands.新西蘭是位于澳大利亞東海岸附近的一個島國。它由兩個主要島嶼組成。3．Aswecanenjoy,thesceneryisbeautifulandtheairisfresh,attractinganumberoftouristsfromallovertheworld.正如我們所喜歡的，這里風景優(yōu)美，空氣新鮮，吸引了許多來自世界各地的游客。(二)背滿分作文——好習作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學點——感謝信(一)[題目要求](2019·浙江高考)假定你是李華，經(jīng)常幫助你學習英語的朋友Alex即將返回自己的國家。請給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．表示感謝；2.回顧Alex對你的幫助；3.臨別祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearAlex，Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon,Ifeelabitupset.Butmeanwhile,IwanttosendmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpwithmyEnglishlearning.IstillrememberwhatyouhavedevotedtoimprovingmyoralEnglishandEnglishwriting.Besides,youalsofranklysharedyourlearningexperiencewithme.Additionally,withoutyourhelp,IwouldnothavebeenatopstudentinEnglishandwouldnothavewontherecentEnglishSpeechContest.Allinall,wordsfailtoexpressmythankfulnesstoyou.Idohopethatyouwillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforever!Yours，LiHua[學亮點]1．學謀篇布局2．學亮麗開頭開頭先用Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon...點明寫信的背景及自己不舍之情。接著用sendmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelp點明寫信的目的，感情真摯、誠懇。3．學高級表達(1)使用高級語塊，如：sendone'ssinceregratitudefor,devote...to...,wordsfailtoexpress等。(2)準確運用高級句式，如：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語Hearingthatyouwill...;what引導的賓語從句whatyouhavedevotedto...；虛擬語氣withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnothavebeen...andwouldnothavewon...；助動詞do表示強調(diào)Idohopethatyouwillhave...等。這些都為文章增色添彩，提升了文章的檔次。4．學精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾先用了一個助動詞do放在謂語動詞hope前特意加強了語氣，表達了對朋友Alex的美好祝愿。5．學過渡銜接銜接詞butmeanwhile,besides,additionally,allinall,and等的恰當運用，使得文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹，層層遞進，讀起來朗朗上口。6．防微點失分考生容易把“Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountry...”中的to漏掉，或把“Idohopethatyouwillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforever！”中的last誤認為及物動詞而錯用為“belasted”，從而導致失分。學案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Whenitcomestoweddingtraditions(風俗),therearedifferencesbetweentheWestandtheEast.2．Helikeschatting(聊天)aboutthethingswithhisfriendsontheInternet.3．Passengershadtheirbaggage(行李)checkedbeforeboardingtheplane.4．Aftertakingsomephotos,theystoppedatthetopofthehilltoadmirethescenery(風景)．5.Theflightwith145passengersaboard(在飛機上)fromTokyolandedontheairportinBeijingyesterday.6.Iampleased(高興的)tohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheChineseculture.7．Itisknowntoallthattherearesevencontinents(洲)ontheearth.8．Havinghadabreak,theycamebacktothetopic(話題)again.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．WearrivedinSydneyasdawnbrokeandthenwestartedourworkasquicklyaspossible. 黎明；拂曉；破曉2．SkiingintheRockyMountainsandsailingintheharbourmakeVancouveroneofCanada'smostpopularcitiestolivein. 海港3．Afterdinner,theywerebackinanurbanarea,thebusyportcityofThunderBayatthetopoftheGreatLakes. 城市的；市鎮(zhèn)的4．Thenextmorningthebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered,goldandorange,andtherewasfrostontheground,confirmingthatfallhadarrivedinCanada. 霜；霜凍5．It'sapproximatelyfourhundredkilometresnortheastofToronto,soitwouldtaketoolong. 接近；大約6．(熟詞生義)AfterthequarrelSueremainedcoldanddistant. 冷漠的7．(熟詞生義)Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile. 燦爛的微笑8．(熟詞生義)Withoutmyglasses,everythingismisty. 模糊的Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Helookedverypleased(please)withhimself,soIknewhehadpassedhisdrivingtest.2．Withmixed(mix)feelingsonhermind,shedoesn'tknowwhattodonext.3．Nowadays,theChinesepeoplearemuchwealthier(wealthy)thantheywereinthepast.4．Thoughthetwinslookmuchalike,theyarestillslightly(slight)differentfromeachotherintheirappearance.5.Thetwogirlssatonthesoftgrass,chatting(chat)witheachotherabouttheiridealuniversities.6.Heliveswithinfiveminutes'walkofthepostoffice.7．Theexhibitionhallisdecoratedwithmanytraditional(tradition)Chinesepaintings.Ⅳ.補全句子1．她在附近的一個農(nóng)場停下，那里的工人們已經(jīng)在田里忙碌起來了。(nearby)Shestoppedatanearbyfarm,wheretheworkerswerealreadybusyinthefields.2．如果你們有時能把工作和娛樂結(jié)合起來那就更好了。(mix)It'smuchbetterifyoucansometimesmixbusinesswithpleasure.3．今天早上我順便去她家看她時，同她長談了一會兒。(chat)IhadalongchatwithherwhenIwentbyherhousethismorning.4．中秋節(jié)，中國人坐在一起吃月餅、水果和賞月是一種傳統(tǒng)。(tradition)DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,itisatraditionforChinesetosittogetherandeatmooncakesandfruits,enjoyingthefullmoontogether.名師點撥“一站清”(1)aboardprep.&adv.“在(船、飛機、火車或公共汽車)上；上(船、飛機、火車等)”。注意其與abroad“在國外，去國外”的拼寫差異。(2)pleased主要用來說明人，表示“感到高興或滿意的”。(3)chatting...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。(4)withinprep.“在……之內(nèi)”，如：within20metresofaplace“離某地不到20米”；withinone'spower/ability“在某人能力之內(nèi)”。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．surround[明其義]vt.包圍；圍繞[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Icametorealizethatthekeytosuccesslayintryingtosurroundmyselfwithcreativepeople.②Thesurrounding(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.③(2019·江蘇高考)Anddon'tforget:wearesurrounded(surround)byanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.(2)句式升級④Themoderntallbuildinginthedistanceisthenewlybuiltstadiumofourschool.Thebuildingissurroundedbyagreatmanytrees.→Surroundedbyagreatmanytress,themoderntallbuildinginthedistanceisthenewlybuiltstadiumofourschool.(用分詞作狀語合并升級)[解其困]surroundings常用復數(shù)形式，表示周圍的具體的物質(zhì)環(huán)境；而environment是集體名詞，常用單數(shù)形式，表示對人的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響的自然環(huán)境或生活環(huán)境。2．measure[明其義]vi.&vt.測量；衡量；判定n．計量制；計量單位；措施；尺寸[通其用](1)單句語法填空①It'sgenerallyacknowledgedthateducationshouldn'tbemeasured(measure)onlybyexaminationresults.②Somevillagersreportedahugesnake,measuring(measure)overtwometreslong,wasfounddeadinanearbycave.(2)一句多譯在我看來，該是我們采取措施阻止空氣污染的時候了。③Inmyview,itishightimethatwetook/shouldtakemeasures/steps/actiontokeeptheairfrombeingpolluted.④AsfarasI'mconcerned,it'stimeforustotakemeasures/steps/actiontostoptheairfrombeingpolluted.[解其困]measure作名詞表示“措施”時，常用其復數(shù)形式。作動詞表示“有……長/寬/高”時，為不及物動詞，不用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)；作后置定語時，要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。3．confirm[明其義]vt.證實；證明；批準[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Theyworkedoutaneffectivemethod,whichwasconfirmed(confirm)bytheleadership.②Helookedaroundtoconfirm(confirm)thathewasalone.(2)補全句子③Theteacher'sencouragementconfirmsmeinthebeliefthatIwillsurelywinthechampionofthecompetition.老師的鼓勵使我堅信我一定會贏得這次比賽的冠軍。④Ithasbeenconfirmedthatwewillgotoclimbamountain,wherewecanhaveapicnic.已經(jīng)證實我們將要去爬山，并在那里野餐。4．distance[明其義]n．距離；遠方；遙遠；疏遠v．拉開距離；與……疏遠[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Thatafternoonwesawlandatadistanceof10milesfromus.②Herfatheradvisedhertokeepherdistancefromthatfellow.③(2019·天津高考)Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistant(distance)planets.(2)熟詞生義④Tomwascoldanddistantandwedidn'tlikehim.BA．遠的 B．冷淡的C．遠親的(3)補全句子⑤Inmyopinion,thepicturelooksbetterinadistance.在我看來，這幅圖畫在遠處看更好看。5．impress[明其義]vt.使印象深刻；使銘記；銘刻；給……留下深刻的印象[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Whatimpresses(impress)usmostareyourartskills,inwhichyoushowoutstandingtalent.②(2019·江蘇高考書面表達)TheirChinesepeersinthetypicalChinesedresswouldbehighlyimpressive(impress)．(2)一句多譯(2020·浙江1月高考)我堅信這次中文演講比賽會給你留下深刻的印象。③IholdthefirmbeliefthattheChineseSpeechContestwillimpressyoudeeply.(impress)④IholdthefirmbeliefthatyouwillbedeeplyimpressedwiththeChineseSpeechContest.(impressed)⑤IdobelievethattheChineseSpeechContestwillsurelyleaveadeepimpressiononyou.(impression)學案(二)詞塊、句式的活學活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空asfaras，beimpressedwith，catchsightof，settledown，haveagiftfor，ratherthan，atdawn，inthedistance1.Aftertheymarried，theysettleddowninasmallvillage，leadingaquietlife.2．Thedriverdidn'tcatchsightofanothercarintime,sotheaccidenthappened.3．ThefirsttimeIvisitedGuilin,Iwasimpressedwithitsbeautifulscenery.4.Standinghere,youcanseeasfarasthefootofthehill.5．Youcan'timaginehowexcitedIwaswhenIsawtheancienttowerinthedistance.6．Thestreetlightscomeonatduskandgooffatdawn.7.Ratherthanrefusetohelpyou,Iprefertoborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.8．TheGreenshaveaneight-year-oldgirlwhohasagiftforpainting.Theyexpecthertobeanartistinthefuture.名師點撥“一站清”(1)settledown意為“定居；平靜下來；專心于”時，為不及物動詞短語；意為“使……平靜下來”時，為及物動詞短語。(2)asfaras意為“遠至……”時，在否定句中可用sofaras。(3)ratherthan放句首接不定式時通常省略to。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．managetodoVStrytodo比較①Hetriedtodoittimeandtimeagain,andatlasthemanagedit.②Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatterhowfullone'sscheduleisinlife.辨清(1)managetodo表示設法做成某事，強調(diào)結(jié)果。(2)trytodo表示盡力做某事，成功與否不確定，強調(diào)動作。2．a(chǎn)tadistanceVSinthedistance比較①Theboywhoisstandinginthedistancehasagiftforwriting.②Onecanseetheancientruinsatadistanceof10miles.辨清inthedistance“在遠處”；atadistance(of)“在……遠的地方”。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中settledown的含義)①Whenareyougoingtogetmarriedandsettledown？ 定居；安頓下來②Theysettleddowntoaseriousdiscussionovercoffee. 開始認真做③Italwaystakestheclassawhiletosettledownatthestartofthelesson. 安靜下來[句式的驗收盤點](一)ratherthan“與其；不愿；而不是”，連接兩個并列成分[通其用]1．補全句子①Theysaidthedirectorratherthantheclerks,wasresponsiblefortheincident.他們說不是職員，而是主管要為這次事件負責。②ImethimverylateonFridaynight,orratherearlyonSaturdaymorning.我在星期五深夜見到他，更確切地說是在星期六凌晨。2．一句多譯如果我不得不放棄其中一個，我會關(guān)掉電視而不是關(guān)掉我的手機。③IfIhavetogiveuponeofthem,IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphone.④IfIhavetogiveuponeofthem,IwouldratherturnofftheTVthanswitchoffmycellphone.⑤IfIhavetogiveuponeofthem,IprefertoturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphone.[解其困]eq\a\vs4\al(1,)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdosth.thandosth.,woulddosth.ratherthandosth.,prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.))eq\a\vs4\al(寧可做某事，,而不愿做某事)(2)ratherthan 而不是otherthan 不同于；除了……外orrather 更確切地說morethan 多于；不僅僅；非常(3)ratherthan用于連接兩個并列成分，連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應與ratherthan前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。(二)not...until...直到……才……[通其用]1．補全句子①Ididn'treallyrealizethevalueoffriendsuntilIleftmyhometown.直到離開家鄉(xiāng)，我才真正意識到朋友的價值。②ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIknewmysisterwasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.直到昨天我才知道我妹妹被一所重點大學錄取了。2．一句多譯直到我完成電影學習后，我才開始從事我的演員生涯。③Ididn'tpursuemycareerasanactressuntilIfinishedfilmstudies.④Itwasn'tuntilIfinishedfilmstudiesthatIpursuedmycareerasanactress.(強調(diào)句型)⑤NotuntilIfinishedfilmstudiesdidIpursuemycareerasanactress.(倒裝句)[解其困](1)not...until...意為“直到……才……”，引導時間狀語從句；(2)在not...until...句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以把notuntil提到句首，此時主句用部分倒裝語序；(3)not...until...句型的強調(diào)句式為Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。學案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學科素養(yǎng)2015湖北高考·閱讀理解C篇——對接課標主題：主要國家地理概況(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Hilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.eq\o(Unlikemostofthe,\s\do4(1))Netherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahilly①areawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile(紡織)andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.[2]Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedby②farming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuiltthemselveslargevillas(別墅)inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantial③textileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.[3]Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.Mostradiostationssettledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisionstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.[4]Intheearly1900s,modernarchitectsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces(杰作)aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall,wasbuiltin1928－1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbiking④theW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.,①構(gòu)詞法——n.＋-y→adj.hillyadj. 多小山的；多丘陵的healthyadj. 健康的leafyadj. 多葉的；多樹木的windyadj. 多風的rainyadj. 陰雨的；多雨的通句式——句子(1)中“withthesoilmostlyconsistingofsand”為with復合結(jié)構(gòu)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“with＋名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”。其中短語consistof意為“由……組成”，無被動語態(tài)、無進行時。②微積累——mark相關(guān)短語bemarkedby以……為特點；以……為特征bemarkedwith被標上……記號markout畫線；標出……的界線③微技法——根據(jù)語境猜測生僻詞根據(jù)第二段中的“thewealthiestfamily”和“Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustry”，以及后文中“thetextileboom”可知，此處substantial意為“重大的”。④微點撥——名詞動用：biken. 自行車v. 騎自行車[理脈絡——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]59．HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat.A．ithasalargepopulationB．itiscutofffrombigcitiesC．ithasmanybeautifulgardensD．itisinahillyareawithsandysoil解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，希爾弗瑟姆區(qū)別于荷蘭其他諸多城市的一點就是其處在多山地帶，且土壤多是沙土，故選D。60．WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?A．BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam.B．Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop.C．Constructinglargevillasforthepoor.D．Assistingitsagriculturalindustry.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.”可知，這個富有的家族經(jīng)營的是紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)，他們的遷入促進了希爾弗瑟姆紡織業(yè)的快速發(fā)展。故選B。61．ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof.A．a(chǎn)radiofactory B．themediacapitalC．a(chǎn)radiostation D．a(chǎn)TVstation解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,when...establishedaradiofactory...”可知，希爾弗瑟姆媒體產(chǎn)業(yè)的開始是以一家無線電工廠的建立為標志的，由此可知應選擇A項。62．WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok'sHilversumTownHall?A．Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings.B．Itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity.C．Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks.D．Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversum.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall...Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.”可知，這個地方舉世聞名，已被列入許多建筑學的教科書中，由此可知應該選擇C項。[為什么考·有何價值——導向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)本文第60題主要考查學生的邏輯性思維。文章第二段中提到Brenninkmeijers家族遷入希爾弗瑟姆之后把其家族經(jīng)營的紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)也帶到了希爾弗瑟姆，后來希爾弗瑟姆的紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)繁榮了數(shù)十年。因此，考生可以根據(jù)邏輯性思維進行判斷，Brenninkmeijers家族對希爾弗瑟姆最大的貢獻是幫助了希爾弗瑟姆發(fā)展紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)。如果考生不具備邏輯性思維則很容易誤選C項(為窮人建造大型別墅)。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了荷蘭的一個中等規(guī)模的城市希爾弗瑟姆的相關(guān)情況。旨在讓考生了解發(fā)達國家一個小鎮(zhèn)的歷史與現(xiàn)在(歷史、地理、經(jīng)濟、文化等)，了解社會發(fā)展的規(guī)律與趨勢，以形成國際視野和全球格局，借鑒發(fā)達國家的文化與先進經(jīng)驗。這對于當前我國的“城鎮(zhèn)化建設”具有很好的借鑒價值。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theareaswherethefightingistakingplacearehilly(hill)anddenselywooded.2．Thesmallyardwassurrounded(surround)bysteelfences.3．Nowadaysorganicfarming(farm)isbecomingmoreandmorepopular.4．Sheisatrulyremarkable(remark)womaninourcountry.5．Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishment(establish)ofanewcollege.Ⅱ.補全句子1．Surroundedby(被……環(huán)繞)greentrees,thelakeisverybeautiful.(過去分詞作狀語)2．Theschoolismarkedby(以……為特征)itsexcellentcoursesandstrictrules.3．Themedicalteamconsistingof(由……組成)5doctorsand10nurseswassenttothepoorarea.Ⅲ.分析長難句1．OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.[句式解構(gòu)]這是一個狀語復雜的簡單句。句子的主語是it，謂語動詞是attracts。句中的“OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam”是過去分詞短語，在句中作狀語；動詞不定式“tocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests”在句中作目的狀語。[句意翻譯]它曾經(jīng)被稱為阿姆斯特丹花園，現(xiàn)在仍然吸引著游客來這里騎自行車，步行穿過周圍的森林。2．Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個含有非限制性定語從句的主從復合句。主句的主語是“Thechangetoamediaeconomy”，謂語動詞是started。其中when引導的是一個非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞1920。[句意翻譯]媒體經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)變始于1920年，當時NederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)在希爾弗瑟姆建立了一家無線電工廠。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作假定你是三峽景區(qū)的一名導游，請根據(jù)下面提示給外國游客簡單介紹三峽的相關(guān)情況：1．三峽為中國十大風景名勝區(qū)之一；2．由瞿塘峽、巫峽、西陵峽組成，其中瞿塘峽最短，只有8千米長，卻是最美的一段。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：瞿塘峽QutangGorge巫峽WuGorge西陵峽XilingGorge參考范文：WelcometoChongqing!It'stomycredittobeyourlocalguidefortoday'svisit,I'msureyouwillbeattractedbythebeautifulsceneryoftheThreeGorgesduringthethreedayvisitarrangedbyourtravelagency.TheThreeGorge,whichisoneofChina'stoptenscenicspots,consistsofQutangGorge，WuGorgeandXilingGorge.TheQutangGorge,only8km,isthesmallestandshortestoneintheThreeGorges，butitslandscapeisthemostmagnificent,soitiswhatyoucanneverleaveout.Youwillfindyourselfdelightedandthrilledatthebeautifulscenery.Wishyouagoodtimeandagoodjourney!課下主題訓練主要國家地理概況一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①geography □ ②steep □③stream □ ④commercial □⑤currency □ ⑥distribute □⑦basin □ ⑧jungle □⑨mineral □ ⑩remote □?position □ ?landmark □?tourist □ ?mountainous □?distant □ ?national □?divide □ ?origin □?situated □ ?boom □(二)主題詞匯訓練Ⅰ.寫出下列各句中加黑詞的漢語意思1．BritishRailhasindeedbecomemorecommercialoverthepastdecade. 商業(yè)化的2．Atpresent,wearewitnessinganotherbuildingboom. 繁榮；激增3．Thehotelisbeautifullysituatedinaquietspotneartheriver. 坐落/位于……的4．TheEmpireStateBuildingisafamiliarlandmarkontheNewYorkskyline. 地標性建筑5．You'llneedsomecashinlocalcurrencybutyoucanalsouseyourcreditcard. 貨幣6．Theseremoteislandsareinhabitedonlybybirdsandanimals. 偏遠的7．SanFranciscoisbuilton40hillsandsomeareverysteep. 險峻的8．Geographyisthestudyoftheworld'splacesandpopulation. 地理Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Themapshowsthedistribution(distribute)ofthisspeciesacrosstheworld.2．Motherwasworriedaboutwhethershecouldadapttolivinginthemountainous(mountain)villagealone.3．Itaughtmydaughterhowtododivision(divide)attheageofsix.4．Weshoulddevelopournational(nation)economyinbreadthanddepth.5．Thereislittledoubt,however,thatthingswillimproveinthenottoodistant(distance)future.6．Ithinkyoushouldgobacktoyouroriginal(origin)plan.二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解ARecently,myhusbandandthreekidswereplayinginMediterranean(地中海),swimmingandfloatinginthepicture-perfectsea.ItwasridiculouslybeautifulinMajorca,Spain.Thewaythesundancedacrossthewaterandhowthebluehorizonwasdottedwithstorybooksailboatsweresuchbeautifulscenes.MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout.Whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildren,wehopedwewouldhave.Fourteenyearslater,wehadthreeboyswhoweregrowingupfasterbytheday.Itwastimetomakegoodonthoseplans.Werenewedourpassports,andthenpackedourbags.Weshowedourkidstheworld.Itwasaboutexperiencingthedozensofflightsandtrainsandtaxistogether.Weshowedthemhowwonderful,howdiv