汽車液壓式主動懸架系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計

主動懸架是近十幾年發(fā)展起來的、由電腦控制的一種新型懸架。它匯集了力學和電子學的技術(shù)知識，是一種比較復雜的高技術(shù)裝置。例如裝置了主動懸架的法國雪鐵龍桑蒂雅，該車懸架系統(tǒng)的中樞是一個微電腦，懸架上的5種傳感器分別向微電腦傳送車速、前輪制動壓力、踏動油門踏板的速度、車身垂直方向的振幅及頻率、轉(zhuǎn)向盤角度及轉(zhuǎn)向速度等數(shù)據(jù)。電腦不斷接收這些數(shù)據(jù)并與預先設(shè)定的臨界值進行比較，選擇相應的懸架狀態(tài)。同時，微電腦獨立控制每一只車輪上的執(zhí)行元件，通過控制減振器內(nèi)油壓的變化產(chǎn)生抽動，從而能在任何時候、任何車輪上產(chǎn)生符合要求的懸架運動。因此，桑蒂雅轎車備有多種駕駛模式選擇，駕車者只要扳動位于副儀表板上的“正?！被颉斑\動”按鈕，轎車就會自動設(shè)置在最佳的懸架狀態(tài)，以求最好的舒適性能。主動懸架具有控制車身運動的功能。當汽車制動或拐彎時的慣性引起彈簧變形時，主動懸架會產(chǎn)生一個與慣力相對抗的力，減少車身位置的變化。例如德國奔馳2000款Cl型跑車，當車輛拐彎時懸架傳感器會立即檢測出車身的傾斜和橫向加速度。電腦根據(jù)傳感器的信息，與預先設(shè)定的臨界值進行比較計算，立即確定在什么位置上將多大的負載加到懸架上，使車身的傾斜減到最小。AppendixActivesuspensionisdevelopedinthelastdecade,anewtypeofcomputer-controlledsuspension.Itbringstogethermechanicsandelectronics,technicalknowledge,isamorecomplexhigh-techdevices.Forexample,theinstallationoftheactivesuspensionoftheFrenchCitroenSangDiya,thehubofthevehiclesuspensionsystemisamicrocomputer,thesuspensionofthe5sensorsweretransmittedtothemicroprocessorspeed,frontwheelbrakepressure,steppingactionoftheacceleratorpedalSpeed,bodyverticalamplitudeandfrequency,thesteeringwheelsteeringangleandspeeddata.Computercontinuouslyreceivesthedataandwithpre-setthresholdtocompare,selecttheappropriatesuspensionstate.Meanwhile,themicrocomputeronlyindependentcontrolofeachwheelontheimplementationofcomponents,bycontrollingthehydraulicshockabsorberofchangesinthetwitch,sothatitcanatanytime,anywheelthatmeetstherequirementsofthesuspensionmovement.Therefore,SangDiyawiderangeofcarsdrivingmodeselection,aslongasthedriversintheviceonthedashboardpulledthe"normal"or"sport"button,thecarwillautomaticallysetthebestsuspensioninthestate,inordertoThebestcomfort.Activesuspensioncontrolofbodymovementswiththefunction.Whenthecarwhenbrakingorturningtheinertiacausedbythespringdeformation,theactivesuspensionwillhavetoconfrontaforcewiththeforceusedtoreducethebodypositionchanges.Cl2000Mercedes-BenzmodelssuchasGermany-basedsportscar,whenthesuspensionwhenthevehicleisturningthesensorwillimmediatelydetectthebody'stiltandlateralacceleration.Computerbasedonsensorinformation,andpre-calculationofthecriticalvalueforcomparison,w