2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit5NelsonMendelaamodernhero單元學(xué)案新人教版必修1

Unit5NelsonMendela-amodernhero單元基礎(chǔ)詞匯語(yǔ)法回首Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Jackisoftentoldbyhisparentstobefriendlytoanybodyevenifheis________(抨擊)．2．Differentpeoplehavedifferent________(3．Ifyouareinterestedinbuyingcoloured

見(jiàn)解)aboutopeneducation.businesscardsofhigh__________(質(zhì)量)atareasonableprice,youneedtousetheInternet.4．Weshouldgiveallchildren________(

同等)opportunitiestodeveloptheirspecialtalents.5．Childrenshouldlearnandobeythe________(6．ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawas________(

原則)oftheschoolfirst.建立)in1949.7．Intheendthesoldierssucceededin________(逃跑)fromprisonandran8．Ipromisethatyouwillbe__________(報(bào)恩)forprovidingusefulinformationaboutthemissingchild.9．IthinkRosewillbecomeagoodmonitor,soI'dliketo________(投票)for10．Girlsshouldhavetherighttobe________(教育)atschoolasboysdo.

away.her.答案1．a(chǎn)ttacked6．founded

2.opinions7.escaping

3.quality8.rewarded

4.equal9.vote

5.catedⅡ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Her________(devote)tothejobleftherwithverylittletime.2．Russiawonthebidforthe2018WorldCupbecausetheygotthemost________(vote)．3．Thispositionis________(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.4．Theysucceededin________(escape)fromtheburningbus,whichwasaterribleexperience.5．Insomepartsofthecity,teachershavetodealwith________(violent)intheclassroom.6．Hecan'tstandthe________(fair)treatment.7．Theenemyplanes________(attack)thecity,causingmanydeaths.8．Afterretiringfromthebasketballfield,YaoMingdecidedtogetfurther________(educate)inShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.9．Theboywas________(reward)forbringingbackthelostdog.10．Somestudentswill________(active)answerteachers'questionswhileothersjustkeepsilentwhenaskedanyquestion.11．Itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved,buthewillneverlose________.12．Itwasaprisonfrom________noonecouldescape.13．Theownerofthegardenallowedus______(enter)thegarden.14．Mymotherdevotedmostofhertimeto________(care)formysickfather.15．As________matteroffact,hewas________lawyer.16．Becausehehasbeenoutof________formonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.17．Withnoonetoturn________insuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.18．Free________worry,thewomanlivedapeacefullife.19．Hewasthefirstman________(explore)theouterspace.20．I'mworriedabout________Icanbeadmittedtotheuniversity.答案1．6．9.rewarded10．15．20．whetherⅢ.單句改錯(cuò)1．MadameCurie,devotingtoscience,wasagreatwoman.________2．Afterheheardthebadnews,hisfacetookonaworryingexpression.________3．ItworriedthepublicwasthatPhelpsshouldtakedrugs.________4．IbecameworriedwhenIheardthathehadattackedbyananimalonthewayhome.________5．Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforseveralhourstheyreachadecision.________6．ThefirsttimewhenImethim,hewasworkingasasecretaryinabigcompany.________答案1．devoting改為devoted2.worrying改為worried23．It改為What4.attacked前加been5．hours后加did6.去掉whenⅣ.語(yǔ)法填空Theairwebreatheisfreelyavailable,without__1__wecouldnotsurvivemorethanafewminutes.Forthemostpart,airisavailabletoeveryone,andeveryoneneedsit.Somepeopleusetheairtosustainthemwhile__2__(sit)aroundandfeelsorryforthemselves.__3__breatheintheairandusetheenergyitprovidestomake__4__magnificentlife.Opportunityisinthesameway;itiseverywhere.Itissofreelyavailablethatwetakeit__5__granted.Yetopportunityaloneisnotenoughtocreatesuccess;itmust__6__(seize)andacteduponinordertohavevalue.Somanypeopleareso__7__(anxiety)to“getin”ona“groundflooropportunity”，asiftheopportunitywilldoallthework.That's__8__(possible).Justasyouneedairtobreathe,youneedopportunitytosucceed.__9__，ittakesmorethanjustbreathinginthefreshairofopportunity.Youmustmakeuseofit.That'snotuptotheopportunity;that'suptoyou.Itdoesn'tmatterwhat“floor”theopportunityison,but__10__mattersiswhatyoudowithit.答案1．7．Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò)Asisknowntoall,drunkdrivingisstrictlyprohibited.Unluckily,Isawadriverwasbadhurtandsenttohospital.Afterawhile,atrafficpolicemancame.Underthehelpofthepeoplewhowitnessedtheaccident,thepolicemanfoundouttoblameforthisaccident.Whichisreportedinthenewsreports,drunkdrivingshouldbetreatedmoreseriously.Itoftencausesmanypeoplelosetheirlives,suchastheaccidentthathappenedinHangzhouandChengdu.Itishightimethatwepreventdrunkdriving.答案Asisknowntoall,drunkdrivingisstrictlyprohibited.Unluckily,Isawatrafficaccidentonmywayhomeon＼3driverwasbadhurtandsenttohospital.Afterawhile,atrafficpolicemancame.badlyUnderthehelpofthepeoplewhowitnessedtheaccident,thepolicemanfoundoutWiththedrunkhewastakentothepolicestation.Allthepeopletherethinkthecardriverwasthoughttoblameforthisaccident.Whichisreportedinthenewsreports,drunkdrivingshouldbetreatedmoreAsseriously.Itoftencausesmanypeople∧losetheirlives,suchastheaccidentthattoaccidentshappenedinHangzhouandChengdu.Itishightimethatwe∧或preventdrunkdriving.shouldprevented單元能力訓(xùn)練與技巧指導(dǎo)閱讀理解加速練——練速度4篇閱讀＋1篇七選五，限時(shí)35分鐘Ⅰ.閱讀理解ABessieColemanBorninTexas,ColemanmovedtoChicagotofindajob,butshebecameinterestedinthestoriessheheardfrompilotsreturningfromWorldWarⅠ.However,herrace(種族)andhergender(性別)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying.WhenshereturnedtoChicago,Colemanhaddifficultyfindingjobs,soshechosetobeastunt(特技)pilot.ShewasthefirstblackfemalepilotintheU．S.andwasaninspirationtoearlypilotsandtoAfricanAmericansandNativeAmericans.BessicaRaicheBessicaRaichedroveacar,shotgunsandpracticedmedicine.Besides,shewasanaccomplishedartistandmusician.ButonOct.13,1910,RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself.Raiche'saviationcareer(航空職業(yè))wasshort,asshemovedtoSouthernCaliforniatofocusonhercareerinmedicine,laterbecomingpresidentoftheOrangeCountyMedicalAssociation.WillaBrown4WillaBrownwasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoearnbothapilot'slicense(1938)andacommerciallicense(1939)．Asaformerschoolteacherandsocialworker,BrownsetuptheCoffeySchoolofAeronauticsatChicago'sHarlemAirport,whichlaterbecamethefirstgovernment-approvedaviationtrainingschoolforAfricanAmericans.PeggyWhitsonAt57,PeggyWhitsonwastheworld'soldestspacewoman.Shehasspent500daysoffEarth—morethananyotherwoman,andin2008,shebecamethefirstfemalecommanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)．ShemadehereighthspacewalkonMarch30,2017andshebeatthecurrentrecordforwomenof50hoursand40minutesoftotalspacewalkingtime.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四位女性飛翔員。1．WhydidBessieColemanmovetoFrance?A．Toacquirestuntskills.B．Tofindawell-paidjob.C．TotakepartinWorldWarⅠ.D．Toachieveherflyingdream.分析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的“herrace(種族)andhergender(性別)keptheroutofflightschoolsintheU．S.,soshemadeherwaytoFrancewhereshecouldlearnflying”可知，BessieColeman到法國(guó)是想實(shí)現(xiàn)自己成為飛翔員的夢(mèng)想。2．Whomadeacontributiontoaviationeducation?A．BessieColeman.B．BessicaRaiche.C．WillaBrown.D．PeggyWhitson.分析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的最后一句可知，WillaBrown創(chuàng)立了第一所政府支持的非裔美國(guó)人飛翔訓(xùn)練學(xué)校。3．WhatcanweknowaboutPeggyWhitson?A．Sheenjoyedherjourneyinspace.B．Shesetsomesurprisingrecords.C．ShedevotedherselftobuildingtheISS.D．Shesetotherblackwomenanexample.分析：選B推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，宇航員PeggyWhitson創(chuàng)建了幾項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄。4．Whichofthefollowingdothefourshare?A．Theyareoutstandingwomenpilots.B．Theysuffereddiscriminationatwork.5C．Theyneverreceivedgoodeducation.D．Theyhaveshowngreatcreativity.分析：選A推理判斷題。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“RaichebecamethefirstAmericanwomantomakeaflightinanaircraftbyherself”以及第三段和第四段的內(nèi)容可推知，這四位都是優(yōu)秀的女飛翔員。BKruberaCaveinthewesternCaucasusMountainsisthedeepestknowncaveintheworld.AninternationalteampreparedtodescendintoKrubera.Theteammembershopedtobethefirstcaverstoreachadepthof2,000meters,broughtfivetonsofequipmentandothernecessitieswiththem,andestablishedcampsatkeylocationsalongtheroute.Theyworkedforupto20hourseachday.Inthethirdweek,progresswasblockedat1,775metersbyasump—acavepassagefilledwithwaterthatgivescaversfewoptions.Therearebasicallythreetechniquesavailable:divethroughit,emptyit,orgoaroundit.GennadiySamokhindovetothebottombutwasdisappointed.“Nochancetogetthrough，”hesaid.Searchingforawayaroundthesump,GarciaDilsriskedenteringawaterfallofnearfreezingwateranddiscoveredthathisdrysuithadholesinit.“ThewaterwassocoldIlostthefeelinginmyfingers，”hesaidlater.He,too,wasunsuccessful.Finally,twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassagetheycalledtheWaytotheDream.Theteamwasexhilarated.Thepassageledtoyetanothersumpat1,840meters.Afterashorttestdive,Samokhinemerged,smiling.Therewasapromisingpassage,hereported.Butitwouldhavetowait.Afternearlyfourweeks,withsuppliesrunninglow,theteamhadrunoutoftimeandwouldhavetoreturntothesurface.Fourweekslater,ateamofnineUkrainiancaversledbyYuriKasjanwentbacktoKrubera.Followingthepathopenedbythepreviousteam,theyreachedthesumpat1,840metersrelativelyquickly.Aftermuchsearching,apit(坑),laternamedtheMillenniumPit,wasdiscoveredthatallowedthemtopassthe2,000meterdepth.Morepitsandpassagesledthemto2,080meters,aspottheynamedGameOver.Butthecavinggameisneverover.Deepercaveswillprobablycontinuetobediscoveredandcallouttobeexplored.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記述文。文章敘述了探察洞窟者對(duì)世界上最深的洞窟——庫(kù)魯伯亞拉洞窟進(jìn)行探究的過(guò)程。5．Whydidtheteamreturntothesurfaceafternearlyfourweeks?6A．Theywerelackinginsupplies.B．Theyhadachievedtheirgoal.C．Theycouldn'tgothroughthesump.D．TheygavetheirtasktoYuriKasjan'steam.分析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Afternearlyfourweeks,withsuppliesrunninglow,theteamhadrunoutoftimeandwouldhavetoreturntothesurface.”可知，由于物質(zhì)漸漸欠缺，探察洞窟者才被迫返回地面。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exhilarated”probablymean?A．Cheerful.B．Powerful.C．Confused.D．Exhausted.分析：選A詞義猜想題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前的“twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassagetheycalledtheWaytotheDream”可知，兩名隊(duì)員找到了通過(guò)水坑的通道，因此他們很快樂(lè)，應(yīng)選A。7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThefeaturesofKruberaCave.B．Famouscavesaroundtheworld.C．AjourneyofexploringKruberaCave.D．TheimportanceofexploringKruberaCave.分析：選C要旨粗心題。本文敘述了探察洞窟者對(duì)世界上最深的洞窟——庫(kù)魯伯亞拉洞窟進(jìn)行探究的過(guò)程，應(yīng)選C。CWehaveslowfood,slowtravel,evenslowjournalism.Theslowfoodmovementremindsusofthevalueoflocallyproduced,seasonalfoods,justasslowtravelbringsusbacktolocaltraditionswemissasweflyoffinsearchofpeakexperiences.Ina24-hournewsera,slowjournalismavoidsthedemandsofthebreakingstory,revisitingandreflectingonoldnews.Inalmosteveryareaoflife,weareturningtowardsaworld,wheretimeisnotaluxury(豪侈品)butarestingplaceandslownessisalmostanecessity.Butthatdoesn'thappeninschools.Coursesareforcedintoshorthalfterms.Fromthemomentwegothroughschoolgatestothetimewegetoutagainafewshorthourslater,theremustbeactivity,busynessandspeed.Reflectionisout.Wedon'tgivestudentsthetimetheyneedtoreadandtheyturntosecond-ratesubstitutesinstead.WhyreadPlatowhenyoucanreadabookaboutPlato?TheansweristhatwhatPlatowroteismuchmoreinteresting,dramaticandenjoyablethananyofthethousands7ofbooksthathavebeenwrittenabouthim.Ioncemetafriend,apublishedpoet.“It'sbeenagoodweek，”hereplied.rateofreturnfromourstudents?

“How'sthepoetrygoing？”Iasked.“Iwrotethreelines.”WouldweacceptthatSlowteachingmeansgivingstudentstimetoreadandthink.Howoftendowedemandimmediateanswerstoourquestions?Silenceismoreoftenuncomfortablethangoldenintheclassroom.Slowteachingalsomeansresistingthetemptation(迷惑)tofinisheverydiscussionandbringthinkingtoanend.Slowteachingencouragesustoworkforaslongasthetopicdemands,Additionally,slowteachingmeansgivingstudentstimetoexplorethenaturalworldandscientificconceptsandtimetogooutsidethecurriculumandfurtherexploreit.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇談?wù)撐?。在其余行業(yè)，人們仿佛已經(jīng)接受了慢節(jié)奏的生活方式，但在教育領(lǐng)域，慢節(jié)奏的教課仍遙不行及。8．Whatissuggestedinthefirstparagraph?A．Peoplefinditaluxurytoenjoytime.B．Beingslowisbecomingamovement.C．Slownessisarecognizedculturenow.D．Itisdifficultforpeopletoslowdown.分析：選C推理判斷題。聯(lián)合第一段提到的慢飲食、慢旅游和慢新聞以及它們帶來(lái)的利處可推知，慢節(jié)奏的活動(dòng)已成為人們認(rèn)同的一種文化。9．Whatcanweknowaboutstudents'presentsituation?A．Theyliveinafast-pacedworld.B．Theyaremoresilentthanactive.C．Theymainlyfocusonreflecting.D．Theylackgoodreadingmaterials.分析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“theremustbeactivity,busynessandspeed.Reflectionisout.Wedon'tgivestudentsthetimetheyneedtoread”，第三段的最后一句和最后一段可知，學(xué)校課程緊張，學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)繁忙，甚至沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間思慮、閱讀、探究，即學(xué)生們處于一個(gè)快節(jié)奏的世界。10．Howcanstudentsbenefitfromslowteaching?A．Theyneedn'thavealongteachingperiod.B．Theycanbringanendtoeverydiscussion.C．Theyhaveenoughtimetothinkandlearn.D．Theyneedn'tanswereveryquestioninclass.8分析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知，經(jīng)過(guò)慢教課，學(xué)生可以有足夠的時(shí)間進(jìn)行閱讀、思慮、探究和學(xué)習(xí)等。11．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．Shouldschoolcurriculumsbechanged?B．It'stimeforaslowteachingrevolutionC．ThewaywereadshouldbechangedD．Isaspeed-drivenworldoutofdate?分析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要表達(dá)了作者的一種主張，即slowteaching：減慢教學(xué)速度，給學(xué)生充分閱讀、思慮和探究的時(shí)間。DStephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingrecentlycameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestival,afestivalinTrondheim,Norway,celebratingscienceandthearts,Hawkingwarnedpeoplethatthehumanraceisinseriousdanger.HawkingcriticizedPresidentDonaldTrumpfordenyingclimatechange.Thenthephysicistwarnedtheaudience,“Iamnotdenyingtheimportanceoffightingclimatechangeandglobalwarming,unlikeDonaldTrump,whomayjusthavetakenthemostseriousandwrongdecisiononclimatechangethisworldhasseen.”HawkingproposedthattheleadingcountriesshouldsendastronautstotheMoonbefore2020torestartamovementofmoreexplorationinspace.TheBBCreportedthatHawkingsuggestedthatwe“buildalunarbasein30years'timeandsendpeopletoMarsby2025”．AccordingtotheBBC,ProfessorHawkingsaid,“Spreadingoutintospacewillcompletelychangethefutureofhumanity.”Hecontinued,“Ihopeitwouldunitecompetitivenationsinasinglegoaltofacethecommonchallengeforusall.”Thephysicistsharedmoreideastomotivatetheyoungergenerationtocontinueexploringspace.Hawkingstated,“Anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexcite(youngpeople),andstimulateinterestinotherareas,suchasastrophysics(天體物理學(xué))andcosmology(宇宙學(xué))．”Hawkingalsorevealedhisvisionofotherformsofenergythatcouldmoveustoanewplanet.Hewarnedtheaudience,“TheEarthisunderthreatfromsomanyareasthatitisdifficultformetobepositive.”Hecontinued,“Ournaturalresourcesarebeingdrainedatanalarmingrate.Wehavegivenourplanetthedisastrousgifts9ofclimatechange,risingtemperatures,reductionofthepolaricecaps,deforestation(濫伐叢林),anddecimation(大量殺死)ofanimalspecies.Wecanbeanignorantandunthinking(考慮不周的)lot.”Theprofessorwarnedtheaudiencethatdoingnothingwouldleadnowhere.Hesaid,“Ifwesucceedwewillsendaprobe(航天探測(cè)器)toAlphaCentauriwithinthelifetimeofsomeofyoualivetoday.Itisclearthatweareenteringanewspaceage.Wearestandingatthethreshold(初步)ofanewera.Humancolonizationandmovingtootherplanetsisnolongersciencefiction,anditcanbesciencefact.”Hawkingadvisedtheaudiencetomovetootherworldsbecausewearerunningoutofspace.語(yǔ)篇解讀：文章引用了世界著名物理學(xué)及天文學(xué)家霍金的看法，說(shuō)了然人類(lèi)一定走開(kāi)地球在太空中找一處新家的原由。12．AccordingtoHawking,whatisthefirststepforhumanstospreadoutintospace?A．TosendpeopletoMars.B．Tobuildalunarbase.C．TosendastronautstotheMoon.D．Tochangethefutureofhumanity.分析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人類(lèi)要向太空擴(kuò)展應(yīng)在2020年以前把宇航員送到月球以重啟太空探究，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。13．Theunderlinedword“drained”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”．A．speededupB．storedC．usedupD．explored分析：選C詞義猜想題。由該詞前面的“naturalresources”和后邊的“atanalarmingrate”能夠推測(cè)出，drain在這里是“用完，耗盡”的意思，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。14．WhatisHawking'sattitudetowardstheEarth'sfuture?A．Pessimistic.B．Confused.C．Positive.D．Indifferent.分析：選A看法態(tài)度題。由文章中頻頻出現(xiàn)的“warned”以及第五段的內(nèi)容能夠推測(cè)出，霍金對(duì)地球的將來(lái)持消極的態(tài)度，這也是他提出人類(lèi)要走開(kāi)地球的原由，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。15．ThereasonwhyhumansmustleavetheEarthsoonisthat________.A．theEarthisunderthreatandthehumanraceisinseriousdangerB．humanshavefoundotherformsofenergytomovetoanewplanetC．a(chǎn)newandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeople10D．a(chǎn)stronautshavefoundabetterworldinspacethantheEarth分析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人類(lèi)一定走開(kāi)地球的原由是：人類(lèi)處于危險(xiǎn)之中，地球遇到威迫，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五So