貴州大學(xué)學(xué)位英語(yǔ)試卷

(p.103.Passage11)Sciencehasquestionedwhetheranimalsarecapableoflove.Butanyonewithapetknowsthatanimalsfeelawiderangeofemotions,includinganger,happiness,sadness,disgust,fearandsurprise.科學(xué)已經(jīng)質(zhì)疑動(dòng)物是否有能力去愛(ài)，但是任何有寵物的人都知道動(dòng)物有各種各樣的情感，包括憤怒、快樂(lè)、悲傷、厭惡、恐懼和驚訝。"Animalshaveastrongbondtoloveeachother,"saidMarcBekoff,aprofessorofecologyandevolutionarybiologyattheuniversityofColoradoandauthoroftheEmotionalLivesofAnimals.科羅拉多大學(xué)生態(tài)學(xué)和進(jìn)化生物學(xué)教授馬克?貝科夫(MarcBekoff)說(shuō)：“動(dòng)物之間有很強(qiáng)的感情紐帶?！彼小皠?dòng)物的情感生活”一書(shū)。Bekoffsaysthere'sconsiderableevidencethatmanyanimalsarecapableoffeeling,andthelatestsciencearguesfortheexistenceofloveinmanydifferentspecies.Numerousspecies'brainchemistryisidenticalorsimilartoursthatallowsustofeellove.貝可夫說(shuō)，有相當(dāng)多的證據(jù)表明，許多動(dòng)物都能感受到愛(ài)。最新的科學(xué)證明，在許多不同的物種中存在著愛(ài)。許多物種的大腦化學(xué)成分是相同或相似的，可以讓我們感受到愛(ài)。Inhisnewbook,AnimalManifesto,Bekoffurgesustobemoremindfulofourinteractionswithanimals.Onewayistomakeacommitmenttocareforananimalthatissuitabletoourlifestyle.在他的新書(shū)〃動(dòng)物宣言〃中，貝可夫要我們關(guān)注我們與動(dòng)物的相處，一種方法是養(yǎng)一種適合我們生活方式的動(dòng)物。Dogsandcatsformattachments-tousandtoeachother-andthat'swhywewanttoshowerthemwithlove,saysDr.StephanicLeFarge,ASPCA(AmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals美國(guó)防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì))seniordirectorofcounselingservices."Theysacrificetheirlivesforus,andputourneedsinfrontoftheirown,"shenoted."Animalsarehardwiredtogreeteachother,"LeFargesaid."Theanimalisgladtoseeyou,andit'snotbecauseyouaregoingtowhipoutatreat."Infact,anicegreetingisaninvitationtofeelgoodandthebeginningofthehuman/animalbond.美國(guó)防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)(美國(guó)防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì))咨詢服務(wù)高級(jí)主任斯蒂芬妮?萊法吉博士說(shuō)：〃狗和貓彼此之間相互依附，與我們?nèi)祟愐彩侨绱恕＿@就是我們喜歡他們，給它們洗澡的原因，他們?yōu)槲覀儷I(xiàn)出了自己的生命，然后把我們的需求擺在自己的需求之上，〃她說(shuō)?！▌?dòng)物們生下來(lái)就懂得互相問(wèn)候，〃萊法吉說(shuō)，〃動(dòng)物很高興見(jiàn)到你，這并不是因?yàn)槟阋贸鲆环菔澄铩?事實(shí)上，開(kāi)心的問(wèn)候不僅使你自己愉快，也是人類與動(dòng)物之間聯(lián)系的開(kāi)始。Bekollsaysthebestwayforustoshowourloveforourcompanionanimalsistotreatthemwithrespectanddignity,tobondwiththem,feedthemwellandtoprovidethemcomfort.Bekoll說(shuō)，對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，對(duì)陪伴我們的動(dòng)物表達(dá)的愛(ài)的最好方法給與他們尊重和有尊嚴(yán)，與它們友好相處，好好地喂養(yǎng)它們，幫助他們。ItcanbeinferredthatthebookTheEmotionalLivesofAnimalsmainlydiscusses__A .animal'semotionalcapacity B.animal'sprofessionalskillsanimal'scommunicativecapacity D.animal'sreasoningability.可以推斷，〃動(dòng)物的情感生活〃一書(shū)主要討論_。A動(dòng)物的情感能力B.動(dòng)物的專業(yè)技能C.動(dòng)物的交際能力D.動(dòng)物的推理能力.Accordingtothepassage,thelatestscienceC.questionswhetheranimalsarecapablepflove.indicatesthatanimals'brainchemistryistotallydifferentfromoursindicatesthatloveexistsinmanyanimals.indicatesthatanimalshaveastrongbondtoloveeachother.根據(jù)這篇文章，最新的科學(xué)_。A質(zhì)疑動(dòng)物是否有愛(ài)的能力。B表明動(dòng)物的大腦化學(xué)與我們的完全不同。C表明愛(ài)存在于許多動(dòng)物中。D表明愛(ài)存在于許多動(dòng)物中。ThebookAnimalManifestourgesustoA—.createastrongbondwithanimalscreateastrongbondwithotherspeciescreateastrongbondwithourdogscreateastrongbondwithourcats.3.這本書(shū)〃動(dòng)物宣言〃敦促我們—.A.與動(dòng)物友好相處。B與其他物種友好相處C.與我們的狗友好相處。D與我們的貓友好相處。AccordingtoBekoff,thebestwaysforustoshowourloveforourcompanionanimalsisDA.torespectthemB.tofeedthemwellC.toprovidethemcomfortD.alloftheabove根據(jù)貝可夫的說(shuō)法，對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，表達(dá)對(duì)同伴動(dòng)物的愛(ài)的最好方法是____A.尊重它們。B.好好喂養(yǎng)他們C.幫助他們D.以上都是Amoresuitabletitlefortheabovepassageis_B.A.OurLovetoAnimals B.AnimalsAreCapableofLoveC.BondBetweenHumansandAnimalsD.BondBetweenHumansandOtherSpecies對(duì)于上述文章，最適合標(biāo)題是_。A.我們對(duì)動(dòng)物的愛(ài)B.動(dòng)物有能力愛(ài)C.人與動(dòng)物之間的聯(lián)系D.人類與其他物種之間的聯(lián)系p.123-24Nootherspecialequipmentisneeded.Themostusefulsortofexerciseisonethatdevelopstheheart,lungsandcirculatorysystems.Jogging,runningslowlyforlongdistance,hasbecomethemostpopularindividualsportinAmerica.Ittakessurprisinglylittletimetodeveloptheabilitytorun.Onlyonesortofequipmentisneeded-agoodpairofshoes.ExerciseispopularinAmerica.A.不需要其他特殊設(shè)備。B.最有用的運(yùn)動(dòng)是可以改善心臟、肺和循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。C.慢跑，長(zhǎng)距離慢跑，已成為美國(guó)最受歡迎的個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)。D.令人驚訝的是，培養(yǎng)跑步能力所需的時(shí)間少得令人吃驚。E.只需要一種裝備-一雙好鞋。F.運(yùn)動(dòng)在美國(guó)很流行。C.Ithasbecomecommonplacetoseepeopleofallagesrunningalongcitystreets,inparks,andalongspecialjogger'strailsthathavebeenbuiltinsomecities.Manytheories,evensomemysticalones,havebeenadvancedtoexplainthepopularityofjogging.Theplaintruthisthatjoggingisacheap,quickandefficientwaytomaintainphysicalfitness. 人們?cè)诔鞘薪值?、公園和一些城市修建的專供慢跑的跑道上跑步已經(jīng)司空見(jiàn)慣，許多理論，甚至是一些神秘的理論，都被提出來(lái)解釋慢跑的流行，事實(shí)很清楚，慢跑是一種廉價(jià)、快捷、高效的健身方式。B.Ifthesesystemsarefit,thebodyisreadyforalmostanysportandforalmostanysuddendemandmadebyworkoremergencies.Onecantrainmorespecially,asbydevelopingstrengthforweightliftingortheabilitytorunstraightaheadforshortdistanceswithgreatpowerasinfootball,butjoggingtrainsyourheartandlungstodeliveroxygenmoreefficientlytoallpartsofyourbody.Itisworthnothingthatthissortofexerciseistheonlykindthatcanreduceheartdisease,thenumberonecauseofdeathinAmerica.如果這些系統(tǒng)合適的話，身體就可以應(yīng)付幾乎任何運(yùn)動(dòng)和工作或緊急情況下的任何突然需求。人們可以進(jìn)行專門的訓(xùn)練，比如練習(xí)舉重的力量，或者像在足球中一樣，練習(xí)短距離急速奔跑的爆發(fā)力。但是慢跑段練你的心臟和肺，讓氧氣更有效地輸送到你身體的各個(gè)部位。慢跑是唯一能減少心臟病的運(yùn)動(dòng)，而心臟病在美國(guó)是第一大死因。E.Physiciansadvisebeginningjoggersnottoruninatennisorgymshoe.Manydesignadvanceshavebeenmadeinonlythelastseveralyearsthatmakeanexcellentrunningshoenecessaryifarunnerwishestodevelopasquicklyaspossible,withaslittlechanceofinjuryaspossible.Awiseinvestmentingoodshoeswillpreventblisterandthefoot,ankleandkneeinjuriesandwillalsoenablethewearertorunonpaved鋪orsoftsurfaces.——醫(yī)生建議開(kāi)始慢跑的人不要穿網(wǎng)球或健身鞋跑步。在最近幾年里，跑鞋的設(shè)計(jì)取得了巨大進(jìn)步，如果跑步者想要盡快提高，一雙好的跑鞋是必需的，這能把受傷的幾率降到最低。買一雙好鞋可以防止腳起泡，防止腳腳踝和膝蓋受傷，也能使跑步者能夠在硬的路面或柔軟的路面上跑步。.A.Youcanjoginanyclothingyoudesire,evenyourstreetclothes.Manyjoggerswearexpensivewarm-upsuits,butjustasmanywearlastyear'sclothes. 你可以穿任何你想穿的衣服跑步，甚至是便服也可以。一些慢跑者穿昂貴的熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)套裝，但也有一些人穿舊衣服。.D.TheAmericanjoggingAssociationhasatwelve-weekprogramdesignedtomovefromafifteen-minutewalk(whichalmostanyonecanmanagewhoisinreasonablehealth)toathirty-minuterun.Ameasureofcommonsense,aphysicalexamination,andaplannedscheduleareallittakes.-----美國(guó)慢跑協(xié)會(huì)有一個(gè)為期12周的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)有15分鐘的步行(幾乎任何身體狀況良好的人都能做到)也有30分鐘的跑步。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要的只是一個(gè)常規(guī)方法，一份體檢，和一份規(guī)劃好的時(shí)間表。p.106Passage13Wefindthatbrightchildrenarerarelyheldbackbymixed-abilityteaching.Onthecontrary,boththeirknowledgeandexperienceareenriched.Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreamingpupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefactthatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequitediscouragingtobeatthebottomofthetopgrade!Besides,itisratherunrealtogradepeoplejustaccordingtotheirintellectualability.Thisisoneaspectoftheirtotalpersonality.Weareconcernedtodeveloptheabilitiesofallourpupilstothefull,notjusttheiracademicability.Wealsovaluepersonalqualitiesandsocialskills,andwefindthatmixed-abilityteachingcontributestoalltheseaspectsoflearning.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，聰明的孩子很少受到混合能力教學(xué)的阻礙，相反，他們的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)都得到提高，我們覺(jué)得對(duì)學(xué)生按能力分班有很多缺點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有考慮到兒童的發(fā)展速度不同，對(duì)聰明的孩子和不聰明的孩子都有不好的影響，畢竟，排在最后一名是很令人沮喪的！止矽卜，根據(jù)學(xué)生的智力來(lái)給學(xué)生分等級(jí)是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，這只是他們整體人格的一個(gè)方面，我們關(guān)心的是全面發(fā)展學(xué)生的能力，而不僅僅是他們的學(xué)習(xí)能力，我們也重視個(gè)人素質(zhì)和社交技能，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)混合能力教學(xué)有助于所有這些方面的學(xué)習(xí)。Inourclassrooms,weworkinvariousways.Thepupilsoftenworkingroups:thisgivesthemtheopportunitytolearntoco-operate,toshare,andtodevelopleadershipskills.Theyalsolearnhowtocopewithpersonalproblemsaswellaslearninghowtothink,tomakedecisions,toanalyzeandevaluate,andtocommunicateeffectively.Thepupilslearnfromeachotheraswellasfromtheteacher.在我們的教室里，我們以各種方式工作。學(xué)生們經(jīng)常分組工作：這讓他們有機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)合作、分享和培養(yǎng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，他們還學(xué)會(huì)了如何處理個(gè)人問(wèn)題，學(xué)會(huì)了如何思考、如何作出決定、如何分析和評(píng)估以及如何有效地進(jìn)行交流，學(xué)生們相互學(xué)習(xí)，也向老師學(xué)習(xí)。Sometimesthepupilsworkinpairs;sometimestheyworkonindividualstasksandassignments,andtheycandothisattheirownspeed.Theyalsohavesomeformalclassteachingwhenthisisappropriate.Weencourageourpupilstousethelibrary,andweteachthemtheskillstheyneedinordertodothisefficiently.Anadvancedpupilcandoadvancedwork,itdoesnotmatterwhatagethechildis.Weexpectourpupilstodotheirbest,nottheirleast,andwegivethemeveryencouragementtoattainthisgoal.學(xué)生有時(shí)以小組形式工作；有時(shí)他們獨(dú)立完成任務(wù)和作業(yè)，他們可以自己的速度完成，在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候也有一些正規(guī)的課堂教學(xué)，我們鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生使用圖書(shū)館，我們教他們必要的技能來(lái)有效地完成這項(xiàng)工作，一個(gè)高年級(jí)的學(xué)生可以做高級(jí)的工作。孩子多大并不重要，我們期望我們的學(xué)生盡力而為，我們會(huì)全力鼓勵(lì)他們達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)。Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewriter'sattitudetowards"mixed-abilityteaching"isC.A.criticalB.questioningC.approvingD.objective1.從文章中可以推斷出作者對(duì)"混合能力教學(xué)〃的態(tài)度是_。A.批評(píng)的B.質(zhì)疑的C.贊同的D.客觀的2."Heldback"inthefirstparagraphmeans"D".A.madetoremaininthesameclassesB.forcedtostudyinthelowerclassesC.drawntotheirstudiesD.preventedfromadvancing第一段中的〃阻礙〃是指〃_"A被迫留在同一班的B被迫在低年級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)C被學(xué)習(xí)吸引D阻礙進(jìn)步3.Accordingtothepassage,ateacher'schiefconcern,shouldbethedevelopmentofstudents'—B.A.personalqualitiesandsocialskillsB.totalpersonalityC.learningabilityandcommunicativeskillsD.intellectualability.根據(jù)這篇文章，教師最關(guān)心的應(yīng)該是學(xué)生的―發(fā)展。A.個(gè)人素質(zhì)和社交技能B.總體人格C.學(xué)習(xí)能力和交際能力D.智力能力.WhichofthefollowingisNOTMENTIONED,accordingtothethirdparagraph?DgroupworkgivestheopportunitytolearntoworktogetherwithothersPupilsalsolearntodeveloptheirreasoningabilitiesGroupworkprovidespupilswiththeopportunitytolearntobecapableorganizers.Pupilsalsolearnhowtoparticipateinteachingactivities.根據(jù)第三段，下列哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提及？A.小組工作使學(xué)生有機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)與他人合作。B.學(xué)生也可以學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)展他們的推理能力。C小組工作為學(xué)生提供了學(xué)習(xí)成為有能力的組織者的機(jī)會(huì)。D.學(xué)生還學(xué)習(xí)如何參與教學(xué)活動(dòng).ThepurposeofthepassageistoA .argueforteachingbrightandnot-so-brightpupilsinthesameclassrecommendpairworkandgroupworkforclassroomactivitiesofferadviceontheproperuseofthelibraryEmphasizetheimportanceofappropriateformalclassroomteaching.5.這篇文章的目的是____。A.為同一班的聰明和不那么聰明的學(xué)生辯護(hù)。B建議課堂活動(dòng)開(kāi)展雙人組作業(yè)和小組作業(yè)。C為正確使用圖書(shū)館提供建議。D.強(qiáng)調(diào)適當(dāng)?shù)恼?guī)課堂教學(xué)的重要性。--p.108passage14Yourbossholdsyourfutureprospectsinhishands.Somebossesarehardtogetalongwith.Somehaveexcellentqualificationsbutnoideawhenitcomestodealingwithpeople.Ofcourse,notallbossesarelikethat.Therelationshipyouhavewithyourbosscanbeamajorfactorindeterminingyourriseupthecareerladder.Yourbossisnotonlyyourleader,heisalsothepersonbestequippedtohelpyoudothejobyouarepaidtodo.Hecaninformyouofcompanydirectionthatmayaffectyourprofessionaldevelopment.Yourbossalsoneedsyoutoperformatyourbestinordertoaccomplishhisobjectives.Heneedsyourfeedbackinordertoproviderealisticandusefulreportstouppermanagement.Buthowdoesthishelpyouestablishameaningfulworkingrelationshipwithyourboss?你的老板把你的前途掌握在他手里，有些老板很難相處，有些人有很好的資歷，但卻不知道怎樣與人打交道，當(dāng)然，并不是所有的老板都是這樣的。你和老板的關(guān)系可能是決定你晉升的主要因素。你的老板不僅是你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，他也是幫助你完成你該做的工作的最佳人選。他可以告訴你公司的發(fā)展方向，這可能會(huì)影響你的職業(yè)發(fā)展。你的老板也需要你盡力而為，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)他的目標(biāo)他需要你的反饋，以便向高層提供切合實(shí)際和有用的報(bào)告，但這如何幫助你與老板建立有意義的工作關(guān)系呢？Thekeyiscommunication.Learnandunderstandhisgoalsandpriorities(優(yōu)先的事).Observeandunderstandyourboss'sworkstyle.Ifhehasnotbeenclearwithhisexpectations,ask!Likewise,askforfeedbackandacceptcriticismgracefully.Andifheunderstandsthatyoudonotviewyourjobasjustsomethingtofillthehoursbetween9and5,hemaylikelytohelpyou.關(guān)鍵是溝通。學(xué)習(xí)并理解他的目標(biāo)和優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。觀察和理解你老板的工作方式。如果他對(duì)自己的期望不太清楚，那就問(wèn)一問(wèn)！同樣地，也要尋求反饋，得體地接受批評(píng)。如果他明白你并不認(rèn)為你的工作只是用來(lái)填滿9點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)之間的時(shí)間，他會(huì)幫你。Inshort,gettingalongwithyourbossrequiresgettingtoknowhislikesanddislikesandlearningtoworkwithhispersonalityandmanagementstyl