2012高考英語400個高頻詞匯及詳解特

ProfessorSmithandProfessorBrownwillingivingtheclassA.exchangeB.alterC.shiftD.alternate[答案]D.alternate.[注釋]alternatevt./vi.輪流，交替發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)：Wetdaysalternatewithfinedays.(晴雨天交替更迭。)Theweathertodaywillalternatebetweenfineand（vt.（vi.1)Lendmeahandtoshiftthepiano,willyou?(請幫個忙搬一下這臺鋼琴。)2)Theyhaveshiftedawayfromthisarea.(他們已從這一地區(qū)遷走了。)3)Thecandidateisconstantlyshiftinghisopinionabouttheproblem.(這位競選者在這個問題上不斷改變他的觀點。)exchange交換；exchange...for...用....... Packthecakeinastrongbox,oritmightgetintheA.sshedB.spiltC.crushedD.crashed[答案]C.crushed.[注釋]crush；1)Don'tcrushthisbox;thereareflowersinside.(這個盒子壓壞了，里面有鮮花。)2)Herdresswascrushed.(衣服弄皺了。)3)Themachinecrusheswheatgraintomakefloor.(這臺機器把麥粒輾成面粉。)ssh濺，潑；split(中間)裂開；crash(向下)猛跌（飛機）失事。Thethief thepapersallovertheroomwhilehewasA.abandoned B.vanishedC.scattered D.deserted[答案]C.scattered.[注釋]scatter(=throworputinvariousdirections,orhereandthere)撒。abandonscattered(撒)。Today,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical A.facilitiesB.appliances C.instrumentsD.equipment[答案]B.appliances.[注釋]electricappliances，facilitiesequipment集合名詞，指“設備”的總稱，只有當數(shù)形式。instrumentThe ofthetreesinthewaterwasveryA.mirror B.sight C.reflection D.shadow[答案]C.reflection.[注釋]reflection此處意為“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“”或“陰影”，故不能One neededwhenmakingacakeisflour;anotherisA.container B.ingredientC.content D.equivalent[答案]B.ingredient.Theyhavebeenwaitingformanyhourstoseethesinger,buttheairmusthavebeen behindthe B.behindC.aheadoftime D.innotime[答案]B.behindschedule.[注釋]behindschedule(=late,behindtime)晚點：Thetrainisrunningbehindscheduletoday.(=Thetrainisnotontimetoday.)behindthetimes(=usingthingsnotinstyle;stillfollowingoldways;oldfashioned)過時，跟不上時代，1)Thestoreisbehindthetimes.(=Thestoreisold-fashioned;itlooksasstoreslooked40yearsago.)2)Marythinksherparentsarebehindthetimesbecausetheystilldothefox-trotanddon'tknowanynewdances.(=Mary'sparentsareold-fashionedintheirdancingsaheadoftimeTheyhavefulfilledtheirproductionnsaheadoftime,innotime(=soon,quickly)立即，馬上：I'llbebackinnotimetoseeyouhome.Neitherofthemthoughthighlyofhimandtheybothtriedtohiminhiswork.A.hamperB.supportC.assistD.encourage[答案]A.hamper.[注釋]hamper(=hinder,preventmovementoractivity)阻礙：LackofishamperingourThinkhighlyof... 很好Herdisyofbadtempercompley theA.harmed B.damaged C.spoilt D.hurt[答案]C.spoilt.[注釋]spoil意指“使......掃興搞糟”，如：Quarrellingspoiltthe 吵使這次野餐弄得很掃興。)hurt，damage損壞，harm危害，均不合題意。Weforgavehisbadtemperbecauseweknewthathisson'sillnesshadhimundergreat A. B. C. D.[答案]D.stress. [注釋]putsb.under(great)stress使處境（非常）緊張，使Thereferenceshemadetoherfriend,thepoet,wasinterestingbut foranyonetoA.drastic B.dull C.obscure D.distinct[答案]C.obscure.（fromHe hisengagementjustbeforethebroke B.brokeawayC.brokeoff D.brokeup[答案]C.brokeoff.[注釋]breakoff(=ceasesuddenly,discontinue)突然中斷；breakoffone'sengagement(解除婚約)。Breakoff(=interrupt)one'sconversation(打斷談話)。Breakout(=beginsuddenly)爆發(fā)。Breakawayfrom擺脫，從 Whensheheardfromthehospitalthatherfatherhaddied,sheintoA.burst B.went C.exploded D.fell[答案]A.burst[注釋]burstintotears：burstintothunderouscheers(發(fā)出雷嗚般的歡呼)；burstintolaughing(捧腹大笑)。Yourhelpis forthesuccessofthe B.C.inevitable D.inherent[答案]A.indispensable.,不可避免的。Inherent theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastA.Inspiteof B.Butfor C.Becauseof DAsfor[答案]B.Butfor[注釋]butfor(=without,exceptfor)若非，要不是：Butforyourhelpwecouldnothavefinisheditintime.(要不是你的幫助，我們本來不會及時完工。)Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather tothenewswouldA.impressionB.comment C.reaction D.opinion[答案]C.reaction.[注釋]reaction(to)對......的反應：OurreactiontoajokeistoOurattitudetowardourteachersshouldbe ,butnotslavishA.respectableB.respectedC.respectiveD.respectful[答案]D.respectful.[注釋]respectable(=deservingrespect)值得尊敬的,品行端正的。respectful(=showingprep.(=relatingto;concernedwith)關于，說到。Wecouldseethathewastryingto hisownresponsibilityforthedelay,insteadofacceptinghisfault.A.runover B.smoothover C.passoff D.turndown[答案]B.smoothover.[注釋]smoothover(=makesmooth,putright,balliateIwilltrytosmooththeirquarrelover.2)Don'ttrytosmoothoveryourfault.（）runoverⅢ.145,146.注釋；passoff.126.注釋；turndownⅢ.180,181.Glemp'sheroicflightintospaceentitledhim aceinA.for B.with C.to D.of[答案]C.to.[注釋]entitlesb.tosth.(=givearightto1)Heisentitledtospecialtreatmentbecauseofhisrank2)Officersareentitledtotravelfirstclass.（）He'sdrinkandneverdoesastrokeofA.gonetoB.takentoC.takenupD.gonefor[答案]B.takento."Whoisresponsibleforsendingoutmisinformation?""Mostofthefaultlies theadministration."A.in B.to C.on D.with[答案]D.with.（ 1)Thelieswiththedriver.(責任應由這個承擔。)2)Itlieswithyoutoacceptorrejecthetheproposal.(接受還是這項建議由你決定。)liein在于：1)Thedifficultyliesintheirgreatpoverty.(在于他們非常貧困。)2)thesolutionliesinsocialandpoliticalreform.(解決方法在于社會政治PeoplewholiveinasmallvillageareboundtoseeagoodofeachA.sumB.tyC.dealD.[答案]C.[注釋]seeagooddealofeachotherMariamissedthefirsttrainsoastotravelonthesameoneasdelibera B.C.decisively D.objectively[答案]A.deliberay.[注釋]deliberay(=onpurpose,intentionally)故意地；存心地Theyalwayskeptongood withtheirnext-doorneighborsforthechildren'ssake.A. B. C.intentionsD.[答案]D.[注釋]keep(be)ongoodtermswith DoyouthinkawifeshouldherhabitsandtastestothoseofherA.complyB.confirmC.consentD.conform[答案]D.conform.[注釋]conformvi：Allthestudentsmustconformtotherules.(全體學生必須遵守規(guī)章。)conformsth.tosth.else(vt)使符合：Heconformedthenstothenewspecifications.(他使這些集合符合范。)complywith遵守；confirm使堅定，確認，證實；consent(to)同意，贊同。Hewasafraidthatthebranchmightbendoverandbreak,andhewouldbesent totheground.A.crashing B.throwing C.rushing Ddrop[答案]A.crashing.[注釋]crash(totheground)猛跌（到地上。Crash常指飛機等的“失事”，如：Hewaskilledinanaircraftcrash.(他在飛機失事中喪crashingHighinterestratespeoplefromborrowingA.discourageB.decreaseC.disturbDdisgust[答案]A.discourage[注釋]discouragesb.fromngsth.使認為某事不值得做：Thtwetweatherdiscouragedpeoplefromgoingtothesportsmeeting.(下雨天使人覺得不值得去看運Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhosofA.equivalent B.uniform C.alike Dlikely[答案]A.equivalent.ofdollars.uniformLikelyadj.很可能的，有希望的。Alike(表語形容Thetwothingsarethesameinoutwardformbutdifferent A.inadditionB.inbrief C.incommon D.inessence[答案]D.inessence.[注釋]inessence；inadditioninbrief；incommon itisagoodthingIdidnotgetthepostIhadappliedfor,thoughImustadmitthatIwasdisappointedatthetime.A.Bytheway B.Inaway C.Intheway DInnoway[答案]B.Inaway.[注釋]inaway(-tosomeextent)在某種程度上；innoway；bytheway順便提一下；inthewaybythewaybytheway做插入語其后應加逗號。invitingguestsandnottreatingthem B.C.Surprisingly D.Fancy[答案]D.Fancy.[注釋]fancyng沒想到.......竟然：1)Fancyyourhim!(沒想到你竟然認識他Fancyspendingthedayinhere!( A.obtainableB.potentialC.considerableDfeasible[答案]D.feasible.[注釋]feasible(=thatcanbedone)可行的，可做到的：1)Yournsoundsquitefeasible.(你的計劃聽起來很可行。)2)It'snotfeasibletomakethetripinone可觀的；potentialThegenerationmakesitdifficultforparentstounderstandtheirchildren'sopinions.A.divisionB.gapC.separationD.interval[答案]B.gap.[注釋]generationgapseparationinterval（Iftheboyhad thedogaloneitwouldn'thavebittenA.set B.left C.had D.put[答案]B.left.TheyweresofarawaythatIcouldn't theirfacesA.seethrough B.makeup C.seeoff D.makeout[答案]D.makeout.[注釋]makeout(=identifyandseewitheffortordifficulty)辨認出。seethrough參閱Ⅲ，151,注釋:此處seethrough還可表示“看穿......(=understandtherealmeaningoforreasonfor;realizethefalsenessof)1)Theteachersawthroughtheboy'sstoryofhavingtohelpathome.(=Theteacherknewhisstorywasnottrue;itwasjustanexcuse.)2)Hecan'tfoolher.Sheseeshimthrougheveryupthejokeaboutthetalkingdog.2)彌補：BobmustmakeuptheworkheWeneedonemoretomakeupthedozen.4Theactorsweremakingupwhenwearrived.5)構成：Nineyersmakeupateam.AchievingahighdegreeofproficiencyinEnglishasaforeignlanguagenotamysterious withoutscientificbasis.A.processB.practiceC.procedureD.program[答案]A.process.[注釋]process(=connectedseriesofactions,orseriesofoperations)過程：Bywhatprocessisclothmadeformwool?(經(jīng)過什么過程羊毛織成呢料？)practice(=thengofsomethingof,performanceorrepeatedexercise,etc.)實習，練習；開業(yè):Sheisngherpracticeatthepiano.(她在練習彈鋼琴。)procedure(=theregularorderofngthings)程序：theusualprocedureatameeting(開會的通常程序)。Program(=nofwhatistobedoneorlistofitemsorevents)課程，計劃，大綱：Whatistheprogramfortomorrow?(明天上什么課?)Imustgonow.,ifyouwantthatbookI'llbringitnextA. B.C.Occasionally D.Subsequently[答案]A.ally.[注釋]ally(=bytheway)附帶地，順便：Fredsaid,ally,thathehadnodinner.(順便提一下，福來德那時說，他還沒吃晚飯。)accidentally(=bychance)偶然地：Imetwithanoldfriendofmineaccidentallylastweek.(上星期我偶然碰到一位。)occasionally(=fromtimetotime,notregularly)不時地，偶爾：WegetAtfirstwethoughtwewouldgo;butsubsequentlywelearnedwewereneededatAcompleynewsituationislikelyto whentheschoolleavingageisraisedto16.A.arouse B.rise C.arise D.abide[答案]C.arise.[注釋]arise(=comeintobeing,appear,happen)產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生：Difficultieswillariseaswedothework.(我們做這項工作時將會發(fā)生。)arouse喚起，激起，喚醒上升;abide(by)本題譯文：當中學畢業(yè)上升到16歲時，很可能產(chǎn)生完全新的情況TheillnessfromwhichMaryissufferinghasnowbeen ashepatitisA.diagnosedB.determined C.deducedD.discovered[答案]A.diagnosed.[注釋]diagnose...as把......診斷 本題譯文：的病現(xiàn)已診斷為肝炎Thesecontinual intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattoA.al B.vibrationsC.waves D.fluctuations[答案]D.fluctuations.[注釋]fluctuations波動；waves波浪；al Allforeignvisitorsarerequestedto withtheregulationsinthisA.agree B.comply C.consent D.conform[答案]B.comply.[注釋]complywith(=actinaccordancewithademand,order,rule,etc.)遵守：Peoplewhorefusetocomplywiththelawwillbepunished.(遵律者將受到ofsociety(遵從社會習俗)；consentto同意，贊同；consenttoan(贊同計劃)。ThomasEdisonconsideredgeniustobeonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentposed B.constitutedC.consistedof D.comprisedin[答案]A.composedof.[注釋]becomposedof由......組成。Consistof AlthoughLucywasslimming,shefoundcreamcakesquite irregularB.C.incredibleD.irresistible[答案]D.irresistible[注釋]irresistible不可抵抗的，的，1)Ihadairresistibledesiretorunaway,2)Ican'trefusethisoffer;itisirresistible.Irregular不規(guī)律的,不合規(guī)則的：1)thetrainsfromhereareirregular.(這里發(fā)的2)Theseproceduresarehighlyirregular.(這些程序是非常不合規(guī)incredible：1)Oldsuperstitionsareincredibletoeducatedpeople.（舊的對受過教育的人來說是不可信的）2)Hisstoryofrescuingsixdrowningmenisincredible.6inevitable：1)Trafficdelaysareinevitableataholidayweekend.（假）2)PainisInevitablewhenonebreaksabone.（骨折是疼本題譯文：雖然正在減輕體重，但她覺得奶油蛋糕是的Inorderto therisingproductioncosts,thesubscriptionrateshavebeenincreased.A.adduptoB.lookupto C.cutshortD.keepupwith[答案]D.keepupwith.upto(=admire,respect)贊美，尊敬：WelookuptotheoldworkersasourYouressayisquitegood:just it withafewillustrationsandput.. B.touch..C.cut..out D.writeoff[答案]B.touchup.[注釋]touchup(=improveorperfectbysmalladditionalstrokesor 潤色，修飾：1)Thelastpartofthearticleneedstobetouchedup2)Hetouchedupthepicturebystrengtheningandshadows.(他putup；cutout；writeoffIhopemyteacherwilltakemyrecentillnessinto whenjudgingmyA.regard B.accountC.thought D.observation[答案]B.account.[注釋]oaccount(=consider)考慮到：Wemusttakelocalconditionsintoaccoutn.Therearethreebasicwaysof languagetowriting,andallknowngraphicsystemsuseoneoracombinationofthese.A.committing B.attaching C.comparing Drelating[答案]A.committing.