恒源煤礦鄰礦閉坑礦界煤巖柱采動損傷及其隔水性研究

恒源煤礦鄰礦閉坑礦界煤巖柱采動損傷及其隔水性研究摘要：

隨著我國煤炭資源開采不斷加強(qiáng)，越來越多的煤礦開發(fā)在進(jìn)行著。而且這其中很多煤礦的鄰礦閉坑也很多，因此這些煤礦開采中相當(dāng)多的工作面需要穿越鄰近的已關(guān)閉的煤礦。在穿越鄰近礦山時，會對礦山的煤巖柱產(chǎn)生一定的損傷，從而增加礦井的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險。同時，這些鄰礦閉坑與開采礦山之間的界線地帶還具有一定的隔水性。

本文選取了恒源煤礦鄰礦閉坑礦界為研究對象，以巖石機(jī)械特性理論為基礎(chǔ)，通過現(xiàn)場采集和室內(nèi)試驗等多種方法，對該煤礦的煤巖柱采動損傷和隔水性進(jìn)行了深入的研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該煤礦在穿越鄰近的閉坑煤巖柱時，會產(chǎn)生不同程度的損傷，而煤巖柱失穩(wěn)會對井下的安全造成威脅。另外，閉坑煤巖柱路堵水效果明顯，可以有效隔絕礦井下部水體的傳遞。

關(guān)鍵詞：

鄰礦閉坑；礦界；煤巖柱；采動；損傷；隔水性

Abstract:

WiththecontinuousstrengtheningofcoalresourcesdevelopmentinChina,moreandmorecoalminesarebeingdeveloped.Therearealsomanyclosedminesnearmanyofthesecoalmines,soaconsiderablenumberofworkingfacesinthesecoalminesneedtopassthroughadjacentclosedmines.Whenpassingthroughneighboringmines,thecoal-rockpillarsofthemineswillbedamagedtosomeextent,whichincreasesthegeologicalhazardriskofthemines.Atthesametime,theborderzonebetweenneighboringminesandtheminingminesalsohasacertainwaterresistance.

Inthispaper,theneighboringmineclosureofHengyuanCoalMinewasselectedastheresearchobject.Basedonthetheoryofrockmechanicalproperties,multiplemethodssuchasfieldcollectionandlaboratoryexperimentswereusedtostudythecoal-rockpillardamageandwaterresistanceofthecoalmine.Itwasfoundthatthecoalrocksoftheminewillbedamagedtovaryingdegreeswhenpassingthroughtheneighboringclosedmines,andtheinstabilityofthecoal-rockpillarswillposeathreattothesafetyofundergroundmines.Inaddition,theblockingeffectofthecoal-rockpillarsoftheneighboringclosedminesonwaterissignificant,whichcaneffectivelyisolatethetransmissionofwaterinthelowerpartofthemine.

Keywords:

neighboringclosedmines;miningboundary;coal-rockpillar;mining;damage;waterresistanceTheexistenceofneighboringclosedminesposesasignificantchallengetominingoperationsattheminingboundary.Thecoal-rockpillarsseparatingtheactiveminefromtheclosedminesarecriticalformaintainingthestabilityofundergroundworkings.However,duetotheextensiveminingactivitiesinthearea,thesepillarsareoftendamagedtovaryingdegrees.Thedamagetothecoal-rockpillarswillcompromisetheintegrityoftheundergroundminingworkings,increasingtheriskofrockfallsandotherhazards.Hence,itisessentialtoregularlymonitorandmaintainthecoal-rockpillarstoensurethesafetyofthemine.

Inaddition,theneighboringclosedminescanalsoaffectthewaterresistanceoftheactiveminingoperations.Theblockingeffectofthecoal-rockpillarsintheclosedminescaneffectivelyisolatethetransmissionofwaterinthelowerpartofthemine.Thisisimportantbecauseexcessivewaterinfluxcandisruptminingactivitiesandposeaseriousthreattothesafetyofworkers.Therefore,itiscrucialtomaintainthestabilityofthecoal-rockpillarsintheclosedminestopreventwateringressandensurethesmoothoperationofthemine.

Inconclusion,neighboringclosedminescanhaveasignificantimpactonthestabilityandsafetyoftheminingoperationsattheminingboundary.Thedamagetothecoal-rockpillarsseparatingtheactiveminefromtheclosedminescancompromisetheintegrityoftheundergroundworkingsandincreasetheriskofvarioushazards.Furthermore,theblockingeffectofthecoal-rockpillarsintheclosedminescansignificantlyaffectthewaterresistanceoftheactivemine.Therefore,propermonitoringandmaintenanceofthecoal-rockpillarsareessentialforensuringthesafetyandefficiencyofminingoperationsinsuchareasMiningisahighlycomplexanddangerousindustry,withcountlessvariablescomingintoplayeverywherefromtheplanningstagestotheactiveminingprocess.However,oneofthemostcriticalaspectsofminingsafetyisensuringthestructuralintegrityoftheundergroundworkings.Inmineswherethereareactiveandclosedsections,thiscanbeespeciallychallenging,asdamageorcollapseinonesectioncanhavearippleeffectthroughouttheentiremine.

Thecoal-rockpillarsthatseparateactiveandclosedminescanfunctionascriticallyimportantbarriersinprotectingminersfromcave-ins,collapses,andotherhazards.Thesepillarsserveassupportstopreventmineroofsandwallsfromcollapsingandfallingontotheminersworkingbelow.However,overtime,thestructuralstabilityofthesepillarscanbecomecompromisedduetoarangeoffactors,fromminingoperationsinnearbyareastonaturalshiftsingeology.

Whencoal-rockpillarsareinsufficientlysupported,theycanbeatriskofbuckling,cracking,orcollapsingaltogether.Thiscanputminersworkingintheactivesectionofthemineatriskofbeingtrapped,buried,orinjured.Furthermore,thecollapseofcoal-rockpillarsintheclosedsectionoftheminecanalsohaveadetrimentalimpactonthewaterresistanceoftheactivesection.Aswatercanseepthroughthedamagedareasofthecoal-rockpillars,itcanfloodtheactivesectionofthemine,potentiallyputtingminersatriskofdrowningorbeingsweptaway.

Topreventtheseworst-casescenarios,it'scrucialthatminingcompaniestaketheproperstepstomonitorandmaintainthestructuralintegrityofthecoal-rockpillars.Thiscaninvolvearangeoftactics,fromregularinspectionsandassessmentstoimplementingadvancedtechnologieslikeseismicmonitoringandgeotechnicalanalysis.Byconstantlymonitoringthestabilityandsustainabilityofthecoal-rockpillars,miningcompaniescangetaheadofpotentialissuesandproactivelytakestepstopreventthemfromcausingharm.

Inconclusion,maintainingthestructuralintegrityofcoal-rockpillarsinmineswithactiveandclosedsectionsisessentialforensuringthesafetyandefficiencyofminingoperations.Bycarefullymonitoringthesebarriersandtakingproactivemeasureswhenneeded,miningcompaniescanensurethattheirworkersareprotectedfromcave-ins,collapses,andflooding.SuchmeasurescanultimatelyimprovethebottomlineforminingbusinessownersbymaximizingproductionyieldswhileminimizingtheriskofinjuryorlossoflifeOnewaytoimprovetheintegrityofcoal-rockpillarsistousemodernengineeringtechniquesandtechnologies.Forexample,acomputer-aideddesignprogramcanbeusedtocreateavirtualmodelofthemine,allowingengineerstoidentifypotentialweaknessesinthepillarsandcomeupwithsolutionstostrengthenthem.Inaddition,advancedmonitoringtechnologiescanbeinstalledtomeasurethestressandstrainonthepillarsandalertengineersifthereareanysignsofinstability.

Otherstrategiesforimprovingpillarintegrityincludereinforcingthepillarswithsteel,grout,orconcrete;reducingthesizeoftheminingpanelstoavoidexcessivestressonthepillars;andincreasingtheventilationintheminetoreducetheriskofmethanegasexplosions.Regularinspectionsofthepillarscanalsohelpidentifyanyweakspotsbeforetheybecomeaproblem.

However,despitetheseefforts,thereisalwaysariskofpillarfailureinminingoperations.Itisthereforeimportantforminerstobewell-trainedinsafetyprocedures,suchashowtoquicklyevacuatethemineincaseofanemergency.Itisalsoimportantforminingcompaniestohaveemergencyresponseplansinplace,andtoregularlypracticedrillstoensurethatworkersarepreparedforanyeventuality.

Inadditiontothesafetybenefitsofmaintainingtheintegrityofcoal-rockpillars,thereisalsoaneconomicincentiveforminingcompaniestoprioritizethisaspectoftheiroperations.Intheshortterm,takingproactivemeasurestostrengthenpillarscanreducetheriskofproductiondowntimeandassociatedcosts.Inthelongterm,ensuringthesafetyofworkerscanhelpmaintainapositivereputationforthecompany,whichcanimproverelationshipswithstakeholdersandleadtoincreasedbusinessopportunities.