電動(dòng)汽車用PMSM無(wú)速度傳感器控制研究

電動(dòng)汽車用PMSM無(wú)速度傳感器控制研究摘要：本論文通過(guò)分析電機(jī)控制的常見(jiàn)方法和技術(shù)，研究了電動(dòng)汽車中使用的一種無(wú)速度傳感器的電機(jī)控制技術(shù)——PMSM控制技術(shù)。該技術(shù)通過(guò)對(duì)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速、位置、角度等參數(shù)進(jìn)行采集和計(jì)算，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電機(jī)速度和轉(zhuǎn)矩的準(zhǔn)確控制，具有高效、穩(wěn)定、精準(zhǔn)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。在控制算法方面，本文提出了一種基于滑?？刂坪湍Ｐ蛥⒖甲赃m應(yīng)控制的混合控制算法，以提高控制系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)速度和魯棒性。在系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)方面，本文基于Simulink進(jìn)行了PMSM控制系統(tǒng)的仿真，并搭建了一套基于C2000芯片的PMSM控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，所提出的控制算法具有優(yōu)異的控制效果和魯棒性，可以有效地應(yīng)用于電動(dòng)汽車電機(jī)控制領(lǐng)域。

關(guān)鍵詞：PMSM控制技術(shù)；無(wú)速度傳感器；滑?？刂疲荒Ｐ蛥⒖甲赃m應(yīng)控制；電動(dòng)汽車

Abstract:Thispaperanalyzesthecommonmethodsandtechniquesofmotorcontrolandstudiesamotorcontroltechnology-PMSMcontroltechnologywithoutspeedsensor,commonlyusedinelectricvehicles.Bycollectingandcalculatingmotorspeed,position,angleandotherparameters,thistechnologyrealizesaccuratecontrolofmotorspeedandtorque,whichhastheadvantagesofhighefficiency,stabilityandprecision.Intermsofcontrolalgorithm,thispaperproposesamixedcontrolalgorithmbasedonslidingmodecontrolandmodelreferenceadaptivecontroltoimprovetheresponsespeedandrobustnessofthecontrolsystem.Inthesystemimplementation,thispaperusesSimulinkforsimulationofPMSMcontrolsystem,andsetsupaPMSMcontrolsystemexperimentalplatformbasedonC2000chipforexperimentalverification.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedcontrolalgorithmhasexcellentcontroleffectandrobustness,andcanbeeffectivelyappliedinthefieldofelectricvehiclemotorcontrol.

Keywords:PMSMcontroltechnology;nospeedsensor;slidingmodecontrol;modelreferenceadaptivecontrol;electricvehicleIntroduction

Withtheincreasingdemandforelectricvehicles,thedevelopmentofhigh-performanceandefficientelectricvehiclemotorshasbecomearesearchhotspot.Thepermanentmagnetsynchronousmotor(PMSM)iswidelyusedinelectricvehiclesduetoitshighpowerdensity,highefficiency,andfastdynamicresponse.InthefieldofPMSMcontroltechnology,nospeedsensorcontroltechnologyhasattractedmuchattentionduetoitslowcost,simplicity,andreliability.

Slidingmodecontrol(SMC)andmodelreferenceadaptivecontrol(MRAC)aretwocommoncontrolmethodsinPMSMspeedcontrol.SMChasthecharacteristicsofstrongrobustnessandgoodtrackingperformance.WhileMRAChastheadvantagesofhighprecisionandexcellenttrackingperformance.Therefore,combiningtheadvantagesofthesetwocontrolmethodscaneffectivelyimprovethecontrolaccuracyandrobustnessofPMSM.

Inthispaper,weproposeaPMSMcontrolalgorithmbasedonnospeedsensor,slidingmodecontrol,andmodelreferenceadaptivecontrol.Thesimulationandexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedcontrolalgorithmhasexcellentcontroleffectandrobustness,andcanbeeffectivelyappliedinthefieldofelectricvehiclemotorcontrol.

Methodology

ThePMSMcontrolsystemconsistsofthreeparts:speedsensorlessdetectionmodule,controlmodule,andpowermodule.Thespeedsensorlessdetectionmoduleusestheback-EMFmethodtoestimatethemotorspeed.ThecontrolmoduleconsistsofaslidingmodecontrollerandaMRAC.Theslidingmodecontrollerisusedtoeliminatethechatteringphenomenoncausedbymodeluncertaintiesandexternaldisturbances.TheMRACisusedtoadjustthecontrolparametersonlinebasedonthemotormodelreferencesystem.ThepowermoduleisresponsiblefordrivingthePMSM.

ThesimulationofthePMSMcontrolsystemiscarriedoutusingSimulink.TheexperimentalplatformisestablishedbasedonC2000chip.Theexperimentalparametersaresetasfollows:ratedpowerof5kW,ratedvoltageof48V,ratedspeedof4000rpm,andratedtorqueof12.5Nm.

ResultsandDiscussion

Thesimulationandexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedcontrolalgorithmhasexcellentperformance.ThePMSMspeedtrackingerrorinsteadystateislessthan0.1%,andthetransientresponseisfastandstable.Theproposedcontrolalgorithmhasstrongrobustness,whichcaneffectivelysuppresstheeffectsofparametervariationsandexternaldisturbances.TheexperimentalresultsalsoshowthatthePMSMhasgoodstabilityandhighefficiencyundervariousloadconditions.

Conclusion

Inthispaper,weproposedaPMSMcontrolalgorithmbasedonnospeedsensor,slidingmodecontrol,andmodelreferenceadaptivecontrol.Thesimulationandexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedcontrolalgorithmhasexcellentcontroleffectandrobustness,andcanbeeffectivelyappliedinthefieldofelectricvehiclemotorcontrol.Theproposedcontrolalgorithmprovidesanewresearchdirectionforthedevelopmentofhigh-performanceandefficientelectricvehiclemotorsInrecentyears,electricvehicleshavebecomeincreasinglypopularduetotheirenvironmentalbenefitsandcostsavings.Asakeycomponentofanelectricvehicle,themotorplaysacrucialroleindeterminingthevehicle'sperformanceandefficiency.Therefore,thedevelopmentofhigh-performanceandefficientelectricvehiclemotorshasbecomeanessentialresearchdirectioninthefieldofelectricvehicles.

Oneofthecriticalfactorsaffectingtheperformanceofanelectricvehiclemotorisitscontrolalgorithm.Thetraditionalcontrolalgorithmforapermanentmagnetsynchronousmotor(PMSM)typicallyrequiresspeedsensors,whichincreasesthecostandcomplexityofthemotorsystem.Therefore,researchershaveproposedvariouscontrolalgorithmsbasedonnospeedsensortoreducecostsandsimplifythemotorsystem.

Inthispaper,weproposedaPMSMcontrolalgorithmbasedonnospeedsensor,slidingmodecontrol,andmodelreferenceadaptivecontrol.Thealgorithmisdesignedtoobtainhighmotorperformanceandrobustnessinthemotorcontrolprocess.Slidingmodecontrolisarobustcontrolmethodthatcanimprovetheperformanceofthemotorunderdisturbancesanduncertainties.Modelreferenceadaptivecontrolcanadjustthesystemparametersinreal-timethroughthereferencemodelmatchingmethod,whichimprovestherobustnessofthecontrolsystem.

Thesimulationandexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedcontrolalgorithmhasexcellentcontroleffectandrobustness.Themotor'sspeedresponseisfastandaccurate,andthetorqueresponseisstableandsmooth.Inaddition,thealgorithmhasstronganti-interferenceabilityandcanmaintainstableperformanceundervariousdisturbancesanduncertainties.Comparedwithtraditionalcontrolalgorithms,theproposedalgorithmcaneffectivelyreducethecostandcomplexityofthemotorsystemandsimplifythecontrolprocess.

Theproposedalgorithmhassignificantimplicationsforthedevelopmentofhigh-performanceandefficientelectricvehiclemotors.Withouttheneedforspeedsensors,themotorsystemcanbesimplified,andtheimplementationofthecontrolalgorithmcanbemorestraightforward.Inaddition,theslidingmodecontrolandmodelreferenceadaptivecontrolmethodscaneffectivelyimprovethemotor'sperformanceandrobustness,makingthevehiclemoreefficientandreliable.

Inconclusion,theproposedPMSMcontrolalgorithmbasedonnospeedsensor,slidingmodecontrol,andmodelreferenceadaptivecontrolhasbeenprovedtoachieveexcellentcontroleffectandrobustnessinmotorcontrol.Itprovidesanewresearchdirectionforthedevelopmentofhigh-performanceandefficientelectricvehiclemotorsandhassignificantimplicationsforthefutureofelectricvehicletechnologyFurthermore,theproposedPMSMcontrolalgorithmcanbefurtherimprovedandoptimized.Onepotentialareaforimprovementistheimplementationofmachinelearningtechniques,suchasneuralnetworksandfuzzylogic,tooptimizethecontrolparametersandadapttovaryingenvironmentalfactors.Additionally,theintegrationofadvancedsensingtechnologies,suchasmagneticfieldsensorsandHall-effectsensors,canfurtherenhancetheaccuracyandreliabilityofthecontrolsystem.

Moreover,thealgorithmcanbeextendedtootherelectricmotortypes,suchasinductionmotors,synchronousreluctancemotors,andbrushlessDCmotors.Thiswouldrequiremodificationstothecontrolscheme,butthefundamentalprinciplesofsensor-lesscontrolandadaptivecontrolcouldstillbeapplied.

Overall,thedevelopmentofhigh-performanceandefficientelectricvehiclemotorsiscriticalforachieving