上海交通大學英語水平考試2006年考研真題及解析

上海交通大學英語水平考試2006年考研真題及解析上海交通大學英語水平考試2006年考研真題及解析Ⅰ.MultipleChoice:(30points)Eachofthefollowingsentencesdemandsonewordforitscompletion.Youtaskistopickfromthefourchoicesawordthatyouthinkmayfitintheblankinthesentence.Writetheletterthatcorrespondstoyourchoiceintheanswerbooklet.Whenthefirebrokeout,thepeoplelosttheir________andraninalldirections.Manypeoplelosttheirlifewhentheyranawayfromthefire.A.heartsB.headsC.mindsD.souls2.Igotajobassalesmanatthecorporation.ThereareafewthingsthatIdon’tlikeaboutthejob,but________it’sveryenjoyable.A.aboveallB.asusualC.byandlargeD.bynomeans3.Inthepreface________mybook,Iexpressmysinceregratitudetoalltheteachersandfriendswhohavebeenofhelptomeduringmythreeyear’slifeintheuniversity.A.onB.forC.toD.in4.Whentheyoungmanrealizedthatthepolicehadspottedhim,hemade________theexitasquicklyaspossible,onlytofindthattwopolicemenwerewaitingoutside.A.offB.fromC.towardD.for5.Bobwastoldthatthemostimportantconsiderationwiththestrategiesofproductpromotioniscarefully________therisksandbenefits,andtheirfeasibilityaswell.A.WeighingB.stimulatingC.evaluatingD.formulating6.Somewomenwouldliketogoshoppingatweekendssincetheyexpecttopickupwonderful________inthemarket,andtheyusuallyspendacoupleofhoursinshopping.A.securitiesB.bargainsC.disposalsD.bonds7.TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportant________forhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.A.implicationB.complicationC.innovationD.complexities8.Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflabor-savingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshuman________andabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves-goalsthatposearealchallenge.A.interactionB.supervisionC.availabilityD.disposition9.Unemploymentisacategorythatcomprisesalargevarietyofworkers,includingsomefarmers,constructionworkers,housepainters,andotherswhoseworkmaybeseasonalor_______becauseofweather.A.sporadicB.spontaneousC.exponentialD.ephemeral10.Catherine’smotherwas________illlastsummer,butfortunately,shewasmakingaslowbutsteadyrecoveryafteranoperationwasdoneonherlung.A.definitelyB.definitivelyC.criticallyD.fatally11.Asawayof________domesticharmonyandcreatingamanageableroutine,somecouplechooseoneofthethreedifferentstylesofhouseholdroledivision:usedinabondedformwithmaterialssuchascement,________loosefiberswerelesslikelytoentertheair.A.inorderthatB.ratherthanC.sothatD.otherthan25.________ofourpersonalrhythms,mostofushaveaproductiveperiodbetween10aA.IrrespectiveB.IrrelevantC.DisregardingD.Despite26.Bynaturallyrewardingthoseproducersthatexcel,excellenceisactivelyencouragedandthosethatinefficientlyproducegoodsorservicesnotvaluedare_________.A.eliminatedB.dischargedC.spoiltD.destroyed27.Asarule,what’sefficientinoneplacewillbeefficientinmostotherplaces,thusAmericanbusinessesarefiercecompetitors________theychoosetoselltheirproduct,havingbeenformedinacompetitiveenvironmentthatbreedsoptimality.A.whateverB.wheneverC.whereverD.however28.TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,________isoftenthecasewithpeopleinmanyothercountries.A.asB.suchC.soD.what29.Newresearchraisesnewconcernsthatalteringcropstowithstandsuchthreatsmayposenewrisks---from________theweedsthemselves.A.anythingbutB.otherthanC.morethanD.noneotherthan30.Oneofthemost________challengesthattheUnitedStates---andindeed,theworld---willfaceinthenextfewdecadesishowtoalleviatethegrowingstressthathumanactivitiesareplacingontheenvironment.A.consequentialB.subsequentC.emergentD.pressing參考答案及解析MultipleChoice:(30points)Bloseone’shead不知所措。Loseheart喪失勇氣，失去信心。Loseone’shearttosth.迷戀；十分喜愛（某事物）。Loseone’smind不能自制，精神錯亂。Losesoul搭配錯誤。Cbyandlarge大體上，基本上。aboveall最重要，首先。asusual照常。Bynomeans決不。Cprefacetoabook書的序言。Dmakeforsth.朝······移動，沖向。Makeoff匆匆離開，逃走，不及物動詞詞組。Makefrom由……制造。5.A這里指“權衡風險和收益以及可行性”。weight權衡以便抉擇。evaluate指為查明事情的本質而進行的大量判斷與分析。stimulate刺激，激勵。formulate闡明。6.Bbargain此處指廉價物品。7.A句意最高法院關于醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人自殺問題的決定，涉及到醫(yī)生是否該為病人減輕痛苦的重要議題。implication牽連，涉及。complication復雜，趨于復雜。8.Bsupervision監(jiān)督，管理。Interaction互相影響。Availability可用性，實用性。Disposition部署，性情，脾氣。9.Asporadic時有時無的。Spontaneous自發(fā)的。Exponential指數(shù)的。Ephemeral生命短暫的。10.Ccritically危急地（尤指病人身體狀況）；批評地。Definitely明確地。Definitively決定性地。Fatally致死地。11.Afosterharmony,形成和諧環(huán)境。Foster撫育，培養(yǎng)。Confer協(xié)商，贈與。Breeding飼養(yǎng)，教養(yǎng)。Establish建立，設立，使定居。12.Cvirtually近乎，幾乎，事實上。Fantastically空想的。Primarily首先，主要地；根本上。13.Cgrave形勢嚴峻的。Intense通常指由內在傾向而來的力量或專心，它特別適合于用來描述感情狀態(tài)，如intensepleasure/dislike/loyalty。Intensive更常用于指行為的強度或程度是由外部強加的，如intensivebombing/training/marketing。Solemn莊嚴地，鄭重地。14.Dcontrolover控制.15.Bthinkbetterof重新考慮決定不做，認真考慮；較高評價。16.Clayaside擱置；放棄。Layaway貯存。解雇；。Layoff停止雇用。Layout擺開，布置。17.C句意：非正式面試不能很好地預測面試者將來的工作表現(xiàn)。時間狀語從句，whenever指代duringtheinterview。18.Dlikewise同樣地，也。這里指警員認為“警察快速反應機制將會帶來巨大收益，公眾也這樣認為”。19.Aapplyto對······也適用；將······應用于。Inprinciple原則上，大致上。20.Cdominate統(tǒng)治，支配。Pervade（氣味、感情等）彌漫，從滿。Diffuse擴散，傳播。Intervene干涉。21.Cwarnof警告某人關于某事。warnoff告誡（某人）離開。22.Aevacuate疏散，撤出。unearth掘出，揭露。transmit傳輸。alternate交替，輪流。23.Bcometo復蘇，回復自覺。taketosth.開始喜歡。Seetosth.照料。Sticktosth.粘住。24.C句意：石棉在使用時，應該和水泥之類的材料凝合，這樣訴疏松的纖維才不會輕易揮發(fā)到空氣中。Inotherthat和sothat都可以表示目的，但含有“避免某個結果的出現(xiàn)”之意，則表示“促成某個目的的實現(xiàn)”。25．D句意：盡管生物鐘各異，多數(shù)人從10點至中午都處于能產期，胃、胰腺、脾、心臟都最活躍。Despiteof盡管。Irrespective忽視的。Irrelevant不相關的。Disregard漠視的。26．B句意：生產效率或服務價值不高的員工被解雇。discharge解雇、免職。eliminate排除，消除。Spoil損壞；寵壞。27.C句意：無論選擇何處作為產品銷售地，美國商業(yè)都是強有力的競爭者，因為它們在競爭性強的環(huán)境下獲得了最優(yōu)性。Wherever引導地點狀語從句。28.Dwhat指代前面整個句子，作從句的主語。29.D句意：為面對威脅而改變農作物品種，可能會引發(fā)新的風險—這風險正是來自雜草。noneotherthan不是別的，正是······。anything決不是······。30.Dpressing迫切的。consequential結果的。subsequent后來的。emergent突然出現(xiàn)的。V.E-CTranslation:(25points)Translatethefollowingpassage(threeparagraphs)fromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheanswerbooklet.Howappreciativeareyouofyourlotinlife?Becauseinarecentstudy,60percentoftheBritishhouseholdssurveyedagreedthat“theycannotaffordtobuyeverythingtheyreallyneed”,andthisincluded40percentofhouseholdswithanincomeof50,000poundsormore.Throughinrealpurchasingpowerweearnonaveragethreetimeswhatpeopleearnedinthefifties,thereisgoodevidencethatwerateourselvesnotonejothappier.Forsometimenow,we’vebeenworkinglongerthanisgoodforus,ofteninamisguidedattempttoacquiretheluxuriesthatwethinkwillmakelifebetter.Butthefeelingsofdissatisfactionthatdriveouroverwroughtambitionsarenotjustaboutownershipandconsumption;theyarealsoaboutpersonalattributes.Forinstance,ontheonehandmanyparentsandschoolsexceptevermoreAgradesfromtheirteenagers,whilemediamessagesexertpressureonthosesamestudentstoexcelinphysicalattractiveness,sportingprowessandsparkingcharacter.Suchinflatedandoftenincompatiblegoalsmayhelptoexplainwhyeatingdisorders,depressionandalcoholismhaveallrisendramaticallysincetheFifties,aspeopleofallagesfeelanythingbetweenshamedandangryaboutnothavingliveduptoexpectations—theirorsomeoneelse’s.Sohowcanwetemperourappetitetoconsume,andenjoywhatwehaveinstead?FredBryantandJosephVeroffofLoyolaUniversityinCaliforniasuggestwelearntosavormoreexpertly,thatis,tobetterappreciatewhoweareandwhatwehave,ratherlikewhenwecloseoureyestorelishthetasteofsomething,insteadofteeingupthenextmouthful.VI.C-ETranslation:(25points)TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglishversionintheanswerbooklet.我冒了嚴寒，回到相隔二千余年的故鄉(xiāng)去，時候既然是深冬；漸近故鄉(xiāng)時，天氣又陰晦了，冷風吹進船艙中，從蓬隙向外一望，在蒼黃的天底下，遠近橫著幾個蕭索的荒村，沒有一點活氣，我的心禁不住悲涼起來了。啊!這不是我二十年來時時記得的故鄉(xiāng)？我所記得的故鄉(xiāng)全部如此。我的故鄉(xiāng)好多了。但要我記起他的美麗，說出他的佳處來，卻沒有影象，沒有言辭了。仿佛也就是如此。于是我自己解釋說：故鄉(xiāng)本也如此，—雖沒有進步，也未必有如我所感的悲涼，這只是我自己心情的改變罷了，因為我這次回鄉(xiāng)，本沒有什么好心情。我這次是專為了別他而來的。我們多年聚族而居的老屋，已經共同賣給別姓了，交屋的期限，只在本年，所以必須趕在正月初一以前，永別了熟識的老屋，而且遠離了熟識的故鄉(xiāng)，搬到我在謀食的異地去。V．E-CTranslation:(25points)你對自己的命運有幾分感激呢？最近一項研究表明，60%被調查的英國家庭認為“他們不能支付他們正真需要的所有東西”，而這些家庭里面40%的收入有五萬英鎊或者更高。雖然我們的平均購買力是五十年代的人們的三倍，但是事實充分證明我們并沒有認為自己更快樂一些?，F(xiàn)在，我們工作的時間更長，這對我們并不好。我們經常被一種思想所誤導：認為得到一些奢侈品會讓生活變得好一些。這種不滿足感總是驅使著我們的雄心壯志而讓我們疲于奔命，但是，它不僅只表現(xiàn)在占有和消費方面，還有個人的品質。比如說，一方面很多家長和學校都希望孩子可以得更多A，而各種媒體信息又施壓要求這些學生要形體優(yōu)美、擅長運動和朝氣蓬勃。這些夸大的、矛盾的目標也許就是為什么自五十年代以來進食失調、壓抑、酗酒等現(xiàn)象迅速增長的原因，因為各個年齡段的人都因為辜負了自己的抑或他人的期望而感到又羞又惱。那么，我們如何才能緩和自己的消費欲望，好好享受我們所擁有的呢？加利福尼亞州羅耀拉大學的FredBryant和JosephVeroff建議我們應該學會好好品味，也就是說，要更好地欣賞我們自己和我們所擁有的，就如我們要閉上雙眼來細品而不是急忙地又吃一大口。翻譯答案VI.E-CTranslation:(25points)Bravingthebittercold,ItraveledmorethansevenhundredmilesbacktotheoldhometownIhadlefttwentyyearsago.Itwaslatewinter.Aswedrewneartomyformerhometown,thedaybecameovercastandacoldwindblewintothecabinofourboat.Whileallonecouldseethroughthechinksinourbambooawningwereaf