2021-2022年山東省濱州市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題(含答案)

2021-2022年山東省濱州市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Theproblemseitherwiththedispensermechanismorwiththebillscanleadto______.

2.

Thetypeofhostage-takerthatNYpoliceofficercopewithmostoftenisthosein______.

3.Topreventsmallcasesoffraud,Ms.Coenenadvicesemployerstotellemployeeswhatbehavioursareunacceptedwitha______.

4.

Therapidriseintemperaturewillleadtoclimatechangeswhichfinallyinturnwill______inthelongrun.

5.Whatissaidaboutthespilloccurringfarbelowthesea?

A.Itresultedinthedeathofbirdsthatfeedonfish.

B.Itisathreattothewholeecosystemthere.

C.Itislessharmfulthanthespillonthesurface.

D.Itiseasytoassessthelikelyimpacts.

6.

Forstudentsmajoringincomputerscience,schoolstudyisnotenoughbecause______.

A.aworkingknowledgeofdatasecurityiscritical

B.thosejobsinvolveotherskillsbesidestechnology

C.adegreewillnotguaranteeasuccessfullanding

D.deepskillsarerequiredtomovefluidlywiththejob

7.

Inappropriatesmilecanharmyourimageinthejobinterview.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.Toimproveitsresponsibilitycommitments,thisyearIntelplanstogettheirinvestmentinenergyefficiency______.

9.

Thedrugsusedtopreventmigrainescanblockthe______effects,whichmaycausethebloodvesselstoexpand.

10.

AvarietyofgasestrappedintheEarth'satmospherecanensurelifeonEarthbecausetheyare______.

11.

Thenumberofwomensmokersstartedtoincreasegreatlyduring______.

12.

Ifyouwanttoanswerthe12questionshonestly,youshouldknowwhatmakesyounotblindlyblameyourdepartmentfor______.

13.

Thearticledealswiththelinkbetween______andthesuggestionstopreventthem.

14.

Thousandsofearthquakestakeplaceeveryday,butmostofthemareverygentle.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.AccordingtoRobertFeldman,theauthorofTheLiarinYourLife,Americansnow

A.regardthetruthasveryimportant

B.tendtoliemoreoftenthanbefore

C.startaconversationwiththreelies

D.hatetobedeceivedbytheirchildren

16.

MarkTwainearnedalargesumofmoneybycollectingandsellingcocoa.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Inancienttimes.athletesWhoshowexcellentskillsinsportscouldbeentitledto______.

18.

Moravec'sideaofroboticimmortalityisapprovedbytheauthor.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Amongtheanimalsreferredtointhepassage,monkeyisthemostintelligent.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Collegeinstructorsdon'tlikethosestudentswhoonlyrepeat______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(26)

A.Ithelpspeopleworkefficiently.

B.It'smorerefreshingthanCoca-cola.

C.Itshouldnothedrunktoomuch.

D.Ithaslessflavorthantea.

22.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Howdoyoufindyournewapartment?

M:Well，it'squitenicereally,althoughIhaveahardtimegettingusedtolivinginabigplace.

Q:Whatistheman'sproblem?

(12)

A.Hecan'tfindhisnewapartment.

B.Hehadabiggerapartmentbefore.

C.Hefindsthenewapartmenttoobig'forhim.

D.He'slookingforanapartment.

23.(29)

A.Becausetheyarenottheirownbosses.

B.Becausetheycouldnotearnmuchmoney.

C.Becausetheyarenotinterestedintheirjobs.

D.Becausetheycouldnotriseintheladderofsuccess.

24.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:It'sawfullydarkfor5o'clock.Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorain?

M:You'dbetterdosomethingaboutthatwatchofyours.Itmusthavestoppedhoursago.Minesays7.

Q:Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthisconversation?

(12)

A.Theman'swatchgoestoofast.

B.Thewoman'swatchstopped2hoursago.

C.Neitheroftheirwatcheskeepsgoodtime.

D.It'stoodarkforthewomantoreadherwatch.

25.(19)

A.It'sontime.B.It'scrowded.C.It'sempty.D.It'slate.

26.(21)

A.Hedidn'texpecttobuyalot.

B.Hehadonlyonebagofgroceries.

C.Thesupermarketisjustdowntheblock.

D.Hethoughthe'dgetaridewiththeSmiths.

27.

【B8】

28.聽力原文：M：I'dliketomakeanappointmenttoseeDr．Smithtomorrow．

W：I'msorry．Dr,SmithwentonaweekvacationinMexico，andonhiswayhe'llbestayinginCaliforniafor5days．Letmesee．He'llprobablybebackthedayaftertomorrow．

Q：WhereisDr．Smithnow?

(15)

A.InMexico.B.InCalifornia.C.Inthecity.D.InNewMexico.

29.聽力原文：W:Doyouevergettiredofthesametopicsalwaysbeingdiscussedatcouncilmeetings?

M:DoI?YouknowsometimesIthinksomemembershavenothingbettertotalkabout.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmeanaboutthecouncilmembers?

(18)

A.Theyhaveanarrowrangeoftopicstodiscuss.

B.Theybringupthemostimportantissue.

C.Theyhaveinterestingtopicstodiscuss.

D.Theyhavelittleknowledge.

30.聽力原文：Humanbeingsenjoychallenges.Manyofthemlikephysicalchallenges.Theyaskthemselvesquestionslikethese:HowfastcanIrun?HowhighcanIclimb?HowdeepcanIdive?HowfarcanIswim?HowlongcanIholdmybreath?HowmuchcanIlift?HowhighcanIjump?Becausepeopleenjoychallenges,theyliketoplaysportsandwatchotherpeopleplaysports.Theylikeclimbing,running,diving,lifting,jumping,andsoon.EveryfouryearsmillionsofpeopleallovertheworldenjoytheinternationalsportscompetitionscalledtheOlympics.

Therearechallengesthatarenotphysicalchallenges.Therearesocialandintellectualchallenges,too.LeonardoDaVinci,wholivedinItalyduringthefifteenthcentury,enjoyedeverypossiblechallenge.Hewasanartistandpaintedthewell-knownpicture,theMonaLisa.Hewasaninventorwhoinventedadevicetoletpeoplebreatheunderwater.Hewasascientist,andhelearnedagreatdealabouthumananatomy.

AnotherkindofchallengefacedtheEgyptiansbetween4,000and5,000yearsagowhentheydecidedtobuildthefirstpyramid.Theyusedsixmilliontonsofrock.Thatisenoughtobuildaten-footwallaroundallofFrance.Fourhundredthousandmenworkedfortwentyyearstobuildit.

So,forthousandsofyears,peopleacceptchallenges.Todaywestillhavemanychallengesbeforeus.Medicalsciencefacesthechallengesofconqueringthemanydiseaseswhichstillattackhumanbeings.Engineersandplannersmustbuildnewcitiesandnewkindsoftransportation.Scientistsmustdevelopnewformsofenergy.Andmanyofusareinterestedinthechallengeofspace.Weliveinanageofchallenge.

(30)

A.Intellectualchallenge.

B.Socialchallenge.

C.Physicalchallenge.

D.Economicchallenge.

31.聽力原文：W:Allright,thatcomesto$20.75.Doyouhaveoneofourstoremembershipcards?

M:Whatisthat?

W:It'safreecardwhichallowsourcustomerstoreceivespecialdiscounts.Yousimplyneedtofilloutourmembershipapplicationform.

M:No.thankyon.I'malittlepressedfortime.

W:Howwillyoubepayingforthat?Willthatbecashorcredit?

M:IthinkI'llpaywithmycard

W:OK.Isthatacreditcardoradebitcard?

M:I'msorry.Idon'tunderstandyourquestion.Whatisthedifference?

W:Acreditcardbillsyouonceamonth;adebitcarddeductsthemoneydirectlyfromyourbankaccount.

M:Well.thisisanATMcardissuedbymybank.It'sconnectedtomybankaccount.CanIusethat?

W:Sure,that'sakindofdebitcard.Pleasepressthebuttonmarked"DBT"andswipeyourcardthroughthemachine.

M:OK.AndnowwhatdoIdo?

W:Pleaseenteryourpinnumber,theidentificationnumberwhichverifiesyouridentity.

M:OK.Andnow?

W:Paperorplastic?

M:I'msorry?Whatdidyousay?

W:I'mgoingtopackyourgroceries.Whatkindofbagswouldyoulike,paperorplastic?

M:Plastic,please.Wow,youreallyhavetomakealotofdecisionsinanAmericangrocerystore.

(20)

A.Applyimmediatelywithanycreditcard.

B.Filloutthemembershipapplicationform.

C.Payamembershipfee.

D.Buycertainitemsinthestore.

32.

【B11】

33.【B10】

34.

【B10】

35.

【B2】

36.聽力原文：W:Didn'tyoutellTomaboutthemeeting?

M:WhateverIsaytohimgoesinonecarandouttheother.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(18)

A.Tomisunabletohearwell.

B.Tomdidn'tsayanythingatthemeeting.

C.Tomdoesn'tlistentohim.

D.Tomwentoutbeforethemeetingwasover.

37.聽力原文：Creditcardsarebigbusiness.Americansspend$16billionayearoncardsandtherearealready590millionsofthemincirculation.Manybankssponsortheirowncreditcardcompaniesandissuecardsfreetotheircustomers.Othercreditcardcompanieschargetheirmembersannualdues.Thestoresthatacceptcreditcardsmustpayasmallfeetothecreditcardcompany—apercentageofthepurchasepriceofthemerchandiseorservice.Creditcardcompaniesmakeaprofitfromthefeestheychargethestoreandalsofromthefeescollectedfromcustomerswhopayfortheirchargesinmonthlyinstallments.However,creditcardcompaniessometimeshaveproblemscollectingoverduepaymentsfromunreliablecustomers.Also,theuseofstolen,lostorcounterfeitcreditcardsbycriminalshasbecomeabigheadacheforthecreditcardcompanythatisresponsibleforthegoodsandservicesillegallychargedtoitscustomer'saccount.

Yet,inmanyways,thebigloserinthecreditcardsystemisnotthecreditcardcompany,thestore,orthecarduser,butratherthegeneralcustomer.Thestoremakesupforthefeesitpaystothecreditcardcompanybyincreasingpricesforgoodsandservices.Storesmayhavemoresalesiftheyacceptcards,buttheaddedcosttothestorewhencreditcardsareacceptedinsteadofcashisactuallypassedontoallcustomersinhigherprices.Inthiswaythecashcustomersuffersfortheconveniencethecreditcardcustomerenjoys.

(33)

A.Thebank.

B.Thestorethatacceptsthecard.

C.Thecreditcardcompany.

D.Thecustomerhimself.

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Thebiggestrecentchangeineatinghabitsandfood-relatedlifestylesistheadventoffastfood.Thispermitsmanypeopletoeatconvenientlywithouthavingpreparedit.Butitalsomakesfamily-style.mealslesslikelytobe,anditisnotalwaysverynutritious.TheclevermarketingoffastfoodsuchasKFCmaycausesomeyoungsterstodisliketheirparents'cookingandsomecollegestudentstodislikethemorenutritiousfoodavailableoncampus.Eatingfastfoodwhiledrivingisalsoacauseoftrafficaccidents.SociologistGeorgeRitzerusesthemetaphorof"McDonaldizationofsociety",andthatweshouldvoiceourprotestbyeatinginlocal"momandpop"restaurantsratherthanpatronizingnationalorinternationalfast-foodchains.DespiteRitzer'sadvice,McDonald'sandotherfast-foodchainsareprobablyheretostay.Theyaregettingmoresimilartooneantherallthetime,withhamburgerchainsofferingchicken,chickenchainsofferinghamburgers,andallofallofferingmilkshakesandfries.

Nutritionistshavebeenwarningthatthetypicalfast-fooddietisunhealthyifeatentoooften.Consequently,someofthefastfoodchains,suchasMcDonald's,arenowincludinghealthieroptionsfortheircustomersalongwiththetraditionalhamburgers.Varioushealthysaladsarenowappearingonthemenuboards,alongwithlowfatsaladdressingoptions.Forchildren,freshappleslicescannowbechosenintheplaceofFrenchfriesinthechildren'smeal,andapplejuiceorlowfatwhiteandchocolatemilkcanbechoseninsteadofacola.Bottledwateralsocannowbepurchasedinsteadofasoftdrinkifonesochoose.Mostpeoplebelievethatthistrendofhealthiereatingwillcontinue.

(27)

A.Theydon'thavetocookbythemselvesafterwork.

B.Theycaneatcheapfood.

C.Peoplecaneatmorenutritious.

D.Theycaneataroundtheirhome.

39.(25)

A.Lateinthemorning.

B.Earlyintheafternoon.

C.Sometimebeforedawn.

D.Shortlyaftersunrise.

40.

【B3】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whichofthefollowingistheproofthatthegovernmentignoresreligioninsomeways?

A.ReligiousgroupneednotpaytaxesintheUnitedStates.

B.PresidentseldomcallsonGodtoblessAmericaanditspeople.

C.Forthosewho,likeQuakers,objecttothem,oathscanbereplacedbyasolemnaffirmationordeclaration.

D.Forthosewhosereligionforbidsthemtofight,performingotherservicescantaketheplaceofbeingsoldiers.

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthewayinwhichinformationistransmitted,byalteringpoliticalcampaigns,andbychangingcitizenspatternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizensindependentaccesstothecandidates,televisiondiminishedtheroleofthepoliticalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycenteringpoliticsonthepersonofthecandidate,televisionacceleratedthecitizen'sfocusoncharacterthanissues.

Televisionhasalteredtheformsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.Themessagesonwhichmostofusrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewere.Thestumpspeech,apoliticalspeechgivenbytravelingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hours,whichcharacterizednineteenthcenturypoliticaldiscourse,hasgivenwaytothe30-secondadvertisementand10-second"soundbite(原聲摘要)"inbroadcastnews.Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthepoliticianbutratherviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeasnippet(摘錄)ofthespeechonthenews.

Intheseabbreviated(縮減的)forms,muchofwhatconstitutedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost.In15or30seconds,aspeakercannotestablishthehistoricalcontextthatshapedtheissueinquestion,cannotdetailtheprobablecausesoftheproblem,andcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneispreferabletoothers.Insnippets,politiciansassertbutdonotargue.

Becausetelevisionisanintimatemedium,speakingthroughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstyle.thatwasmoreconversational,personal,andvisualthanthatoftheold-style.stumpspeech.Relianceontelevisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorablepicturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachustoanalyzewordsandprint.However,inaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual,informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills.

Recognizingthepoweroftelevision'spictures,politicianscrafttelevisual,stagedevents,calledpseudoevents,designedtoattractmediacoverage.Muchofthepoliticalactivityweseeontelevisionnewshasbeencraftedbypoliticians,theirspeechwriters,andtheirpublicrelationsadvisersfortelevisedconsumption.Soundbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsindebatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.citizensintheUnitedStatesarenowmoreinformedaboutpoliticalissuesbecauseoftelevisioncoverage

B.citizensintheUnitedStatesprefertoseepoliticiansontelevisioninsteadofinperson

C.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbecomesubstantiallymorecontroversialsincetheintroductionoftelevision

D.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbeensignificantlychangedbytelevision

43.

Whyisknowledgeplayingadecisiveroleintheshiftingofpowerinalmostallestablishedinstitutions?

44.Stanleythoughtthat______wastoblameforthecities'collapseinthemiddleoftheeighthcenturyA.D.

45.

Thephrase"scaledown"inPara.3probablymeansto______.

46.

【C7】

47.BywhatwaydoAmericansbelievethattheycanrealizetheirpersonalvalues?

48.Publicrelationsismanagementfunctionthatcreates,develops,andcarriesoutpoliciesandprogramstoinfluencepublicopinionorpublicreactionaboutanidea,aproduct,oranorganization.Thefieldofpublicrelationshasbecomeanimportantpartoftheeconomic,socialandpoliticalpatternoflifeinmanynations.Thatfieldincludesadvertising,promotionalactivities,andpresscontact.Publicrelationsalsoexistsatthesametimeinbusinesswithmarketingandmerchandisingtocreatetheclimateinwhichallsellingfunctionsoccur.

Publicrelationsactivitiesinthemodernworldhelpinstitutionstocopesuccessfullywithmanyproblems,tobuildprestigeforanindividualoragroup,topromoteproducts,andtowinelections.Themajorityofpublicrelationsworkersarestaffemployeesworkingwithinacorporateorinstitutionalframework.Othersoperateinpublicrelationscounselingfirms.

Inindustry,publicrelationspersonnelkeepmanagementinformedofchangesintheopinionsofVariouspublics(thatis,thegroupsofpeoplewhosesupportisneeded):employees,stockholders(股東),customers,suppliers,dealers,thecommunity,andthegovernment.Theseprofessionalscounselmanagementastotheimpactofanyactionorlackofactiononthebehavior.ofthetargetaudiences.Onceanorganizationaldecisionhasbeenmade,thepublicrelationspersonhasthetaskofcommunicatingthisinformationtothepublicusingmethodsthatpromoteunderstanding,anddesiredbehavior.Forexample,ahospitalmerger,anindustrialplantclosing,ortheintroductionofanewproductallrequirepublicrelationsplanningandskill.

Publicrelationsactivitiesareamajorpartofthepoliticalaffairsinmanynations.Politiciansseekingoffice,governmentagenciesseekingacceptanceandcooperation,officialsseekingsupportfortheirpolicies,andforeigngovernmentsseekingaidandalliesabroadallmakeextensiveuseofcounselingservicesprovidedbypublicrelationsspecialists.

Publicrelationsalsoplayanimportantroleintheentertainmentindustry.Thetheater,motionpictures,sports,restaurants,andindividualsallusepublicrelationsservicestoincreasetheirbusinessoraddtotheirimage.Otherpublicrelationsclientsareeducational,socialserviceandcharitableinstitutions,tradeunions,religiousgroups,andprofessionalsocieties.

Thesuccessfulpublicrelationspractitioner(從業(yè)者)isaspecialistincommunicationartsandpersuasion.Specializedskillsarerequiredtohandlepublicopinionresearch,mediarelations,directmailactivities,institutionaladvertising,publications,filmandvideoproduction,andspecialevents.Publicrelationsservicesaresofarvirtuallyunusedinmanydevelopingnations,buttheyarelikelytobeafuturegovernmentconcern.

InParagraphOne,theauthormainlytellsus_________.

A.themethodsofpublicrelations

B.theactivitiesofpublicrelations

C.thefunctionsofpublicrelations

D.thedefinitionofpublicrelations

49.

Theauthorusesthestatisticsinthefourthparagraphtoshowthat________.

A.therearemorecompaniesownedbywomenthanthoseownedbymen

B.thereisatrendforwomentoestablishcompaniesoftheirown

C.morepeoplearewillingtoworkincompaniesownedbywomen

D.womenareasgoodasmeninmanagingtheirbusiness

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

ItseemslikeAmericansusecreditcardsforeverything.It'saloteasiertospendmoneythatyoudon'tsee,isn'tit?ManyAmericansspendmoneythatisn'teventhere—andgetdeeperanddeeperindebt.Whydosomanypeoplespendmorethantheyhave?"Buynow,paylater"hasbecomeanAmericanwayoflife.Recently,Americanhouseholdsspentnearly11billiondollarsmorethantheyearned,creatingnegativesavingrate.

Therearetwoideas--one,livingwithinyourmeans,andtheideathatlivingondebtisagreatequalizer(平衡裝置).Theybothhavevaliditybecauseitisimportantthatsomeonelivewithintheirmeansovertheirlifetime.Whenpeopleareyoungandtheyareearningmoneybuttheyhaveverylittlesavings,theyalmosthavetoborrowinordertoownahouseorownacar.Butastheygrowolder,theyshoulddevelopthehabitofsaving,sothatbythetimetheyreachtheendoftheirearninglife,theyhavesavingstoliveoninretirement,andlivewithintheirmeans.

"Buynow,paylater"isworkedverywellforusinthe90's,butonesuspectsitwon'tworkforever.TheonlythinkthatconcernsmeisthatAmericansaresocontented,sooptimistic,sounconcernedaboutanybumpsintheroadthatmanyAmericanhouseholds,notallofthem,butmanyAmericanhouseholdsareveryheavilyextendedinpersonalcredit.Alotofcreditcarddebt;peoplearepayingveryhighpricesforhousesandborrowingheavilyagainstthoseprices;andifwedorunintoabumpintheroad,arecession,therearegoingtobealotofhouseholds,notallofthem,butmanyhouseholdsthat'llbeseverelysqueezed.Thatmeanswe'remorevulnerabletoseriousfinancialdistressthanJapanis.Japanhasbeeninfinancialdistressfortenyears,butonereasonit'sbeenabletoweatherthatisthatthehouseholdshadbeenveryconservative,hadalotofsavings,wereveryliquid,andwereabletoweatherdifficulttimes.AndmanyAmericanhouseholdswouldnowbelessabletodothatbecausetheyaretoheavilyindebt.

WeknowfromthepassagethatcreditcardsmakeAmericansget______indebt.

51.

Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor______.

A.quiteagreeswiththe"uptodateresume"attitude

B.canhardlytolerateone'scompleteenjoymentoflife

C.triestosoundpersuasiveandconvincinginhisopinionsaboutcareerblues

D.believesthatonecannotchangehis/herenvironment

52.

Thesurgeinuniversityapplicationsareresultedfrom______.

53.Thechildren'helastparagraph______.

A.canbebestexplainedbybehaviorism

B.canbelinkedtoPavlov'sdogs

C.showsthatrewardsmaywellkilldesire

D.servestoprovideevidencetobehaviorism

54.WhatistheresultoftheCochraneCollaboration'sresearch?

A.Antioxidantscanbeharmfultohumanbody.

B.Antioxidantscanhelppreventsomediseases.

C.Vitaminsaredangeroustohumanbody.

D.Antioxidantsareessentialtohumanbody.

55.

Mostpeoplethinkthattheeurowill______.

A.causepricedifferentials

B.allowpeopletobuyitemsinaninexpensivecountry

C.forcepricesoftheSameitemtobecomesimilaroridentical

D.allowtheretailerstomakelargeprofit

56.

Thetopicoffatis______manyothertaboosubjects.

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedaboutthan

57.Themostimportantstepindevelopinganeffectivecampaign,andthestepwhichmustcomebeforeallothers,istodefinetheobjectivesofthecampaignwithgreatestpossibleclarity.Doesthecompanywishtoattractnewinvestors?Doesitseektoacquireacompanyabroad?Isanewproducttobeintroduced?Arenewgovernmentregulationsthreateningthecompany'sprofitability?Onlyafterthefundamentalneedsofacorporationhavebeenestablishedcanthebasicobjectiveforacorporateprogrambeisolated;withoutsuchaclearlydefinedobjectivethecampaignwillhavelittleeffect.

Notethatwehavespokenof"anobjective,"notasetofobjectives.Onecannotcreateafavorableclimateamongthefinancialcommunity,emphasizeone'sconcernfortheenvironment,seektoattractnewemployeesbythecreationofaprogressiveimage,givedirectsupporttosalesstaff,andemphasizesocialresponsibility,allinasinglecampaign.Ascatteringofdiversemessageswillconfusethereaderandintheendhewillabsorbnothing.

Aftertheprimereasonforinvestmentinthecampaignhasbeendecidedupon,thesecondstepistocollectalltheinformationthatonewishestoconveytotheselectedaudiences.Sincethereisonlyobjectivefortilecarnpaign,oneassumestrialtileaudiencehasclearlybeenclearlyidentifiedduringtheselectionoftheobjective.

Thethirdstepinvolvestheselectionofthebestpossiblemediatobeusedinthecampaign.Itisalarminghowmanyadvertisingexpertsfirstcreatethecampaignandthenselectthemedia.Theprintmediaarequitedistinctfromsuchmediaasradioandtelevisionintheiradvertisingcapabilities.Evenwithintheprintmediatherearecriticaldifferencesinstyle.andapproachwhichmustbenotedbyanyonedesigninganadvertisementforprintinginanewspaperasopposedtoamagazine.Magazineadvertisinginturnisnotoneunifiedfield,fortherearemanydifferenttypesofmagazinesandjournalsdirectedtoentirelydifferentaudiences.

Thefourthandlaststepistofindasuitablecreativeapproach.Iftheobjectiveistodevelopareceptiveclimateamongthefinancialcommunity,forexample,itwouldbeamistaketoworkwithtoomuchillustrationandtoofewdetaileddata,toomanycleverwordsandtoofewfactsandfigures.Inacampaignaimedatfixingintheconsciousnessofthegeneralpublicanimageofthecompanyasaprogressiveandinnovativeleaderinitsfield,ontheotherhand,itmightbeappropriatetoemphasizedramaticillustrationsandnottakethechanceofboringtheaudiencewithfacts.

Accordingtotheauthor,themostimportantstepindevelopinganeffectivecampaignis______.

A.toselectthebestpossiblemedia

B.tocreateagoodenvironment

C.tocollectsomeinformation

D.todefinetheobjectives

58.

Thereisamisconceptionamongconsumersthat,iftheywanttopickouttilebestproducts,theyshould_______.

59.

Theauthor'sattitudetowarddrugsisthat______.

A.weshouldnetpaytoomuchmoneyforit

B.weshouldkeepawayfromdrugs

C.theeffectofdrugsdependsonhowmuchwe