綜合英語3詞匯合編

Unit11OnBecomingaBetterStudentWordsandExpressionsParagraphs1-21.repositoryn.存放處,儲(chǔ)藏室aplacewherethingsarestored2.partakev.參與,分享,分擔(dān)(oftenhumorous)eatordrink,esp.sth.offeredInthepassage,“partake”isfiguratively(象征性地,隱喻地)usedtomean“todrawonoruseasonewishes(theteachers’repositoriesofskillandknowledge)”e.g.--Wouldyoucaretopartakeofalittlewinewithus?--No,thankyou.Idon’tpartake.(=don’tdrinkalcohol)Comparison:partakeof&partakeinpartakeof:吃e.g.Grandmotherlikestopartakeofasmallglassofsherrybeforelunch.partakein:參加e.g.awoman'sfundamentalrighttopartakeinclubaffairs3.atwill隨意,任意(formal)asonewishese.g.Youcanusemycaratwill(=anytimeyouwantto).Comparison:atwill&withawillatwill:dosth.atwillistodoitasonewishes.withawill:dosth.withawillistodoitenergeticallyandwitheagerinterest.e.g.Theyworkedwithawillandhadclearedapathby9.00a.m.4.weighteda.加重的,加權(quán)的,衡量過的beweightedwithcare心事重重Paragraphs3-95.embodyv.表現(xiàn),象征serveasasymbolorexpressionofanidea,quality,etc.e.g.Tome,theyembodythebestofWallStreet.6.disciplinen.紀(jì)律1)training,esp.ofthemindandcharacter,aimedatproducingself-control,obedience,etc.e.g.Anydiscipline—butespeciallythosewithgreatsubtletyandcomplexity,likeyogaort’aichi—canbealifelongpursuit.2)thequalityofbeingabletobehaveinastrictlycontrolledwaywhichinvolvesobeyingparticularrulesorstandardse.g.Persistence,consistency,anddisciplinearerequired.3)abranchofknowledge;asubjectofstudye.g.Ifwecanlookatourchosendisciplineorcraftasanongoingprocessratherthanasadiscreteaccomplishment,thepotentialforlearningcanbeinfinite.Iamworkingforpeoplefromawiderangeofscientificdisciplines.7.discretea.分離的,不相關(guān)聯(lián)的independentofotherthingsofthesametypee.g.aseriesofdiscreteeventsComparison:discrete&discreetdiscrete:sth.thatisseparateanddistinctisdiscretee.g.Thesesmallcompaniesnowhavetheirowndiscrete(=independent,separate)identity.discreet:sb.whoisdiscreetiscarefulorshowinggoodjudgmentinwhatonesaysordoes;sth.thatisdiscreetisnottooobviouse.g.Wemustbeextremelydiscreet(=carefulinwhatwedoandsay);thepolicesuspectsomething.8.mundanea.世俗的,平凡的ordinaryanduninteresting,withnothingexcitingorunusualinitmundanelife世俗生活9.liveupto實(shí)踐,做到,不辜負(fù)behaveinaccordancewith(whatisexpected);achieveorkeep(highstandards)e.g.Youdisappointedusbyfailingtoliveuptoyourprinciples.10.relinquishv.交出,讓給,放棄giveup(power,position,claim,etc.)11.approachn.awayofdealingwithathingorpersone.g.anewapproachtoforeignlanguageteachingKellyisalwaysverylogicalinherapproach(=thewayshedealswiththings).Collocations:approachtosth.:amethodofdoingsomethingordealingwithaprobleme.g.Thisbooktakesanunorthodox(不正統(tǒng)的)approachtoartcriticism.theapproachofsth.:theapproachofaparticulartimeoreventisthefactthatitisgettingclosere.g.theapproachofautumnv.begintoconsiderordealwithe.g.Therearequiteafewwaysofapproachingtheproblem.ImusttellherthatIcan’tgotoherweddingceremony,butIdon’tquiteknowhowtoapproachthesubject.12.precedencen.領(lǐng)先于,優(yōu)先權(quán)theconditionofbeingdealtwithbeforeotherthingsorofbeingconsideredmoreimportantthanotherthingse.g.Let’sdealwiththequestioninorderofprecedence(=theimportantonesfirst).Derivations:precede(v.):ime,order,rank,etc.e.g.BillClintonprecededGorgeBushJr.aspresidentoftheUnitedStates.precedent(n.):earlierdecision,case,event,etc.thatisregardedasanexampleorruleforwhatcomeslatere.g.TheQueenhasbrokenwithprecedentbysendingherchildrentoordinaryschools.precedented有先例可援的(a.):havingorsupportedbyaprecedente.g.ItwasadecisionnotprecedentedinEnglishlawunprecedented(a.)withoutprecedent;neverhavinghappened,beendoneorbeenknownbeforee.g.Thetwentiethcenturywitnessedenvironmentaldestructiononanunprecedentedscale(程度).13.priora.在前的,優(yōu)先的comingorplannedbeforee.g.Shewasunabletoattendthereception(接待)becauseofapriorengagement.Collocation:priorto:(fml.)beforee.g.Thecontractwillbesignedpriortotheceremony.Derivation:priority(n.)e.g.Thegovernmentgave(top)prioritytoreformingthelegalsystem.14.pitfalln.陷阱,易犯的錯(cuò)誤,意想不到的困難amistakethatmayeasilybemadee.g.Canforwardplanninghelpavoidstressfulpitfalls?15.complacencyn.自滿,自鳴得意(disapproving)afeelingofcalmsatisfactionwithone’sownabilitiesorsituationthatpreventsonefromtryinghardere.g.Whatworriestheprincipalaboutthesestudentsistheircomplacency—theyseemtohavenodesiretoexpandtheirhorizons.Derivation:complacent(a.)自滿的e.g.Idislikehiscomplacentattitude/smile.16.strainv.盡量利用,用盡全力n.負(fù)擔(dān)try(too)hard;make(too)greateffortsParagraph1017.correspondencen.信件聯(lián)系,信函theactofexchangingletters;thelettersexchangedbetweenpeoplee.g.Theauthoressseldommentionsherrenownedhusbandinhercorrespondence.Collocation:take/doacorrespondencecourse(=acourseoflessonsinwhichinformationandworkareexchangedbypost)Derivation:correspondent(n.):=1\*GB3①apersonwithwhomanotherpersonexchangeslettersregularly=2\*GB3②anewspaperortelevisionreporter,especiallyonewhospecializesinaparticulartypeofnewse.g.awar/diplomatic/health/environmentcorrespondent18.cumulativea.累積的,逐增的(also“accumulative”)increasingsteadilyinamountordegreebyoneadditionafteranothere.g.Thecumulativeeffectofusingsomanychemicalsonthelandcouldbedisastrous.19.pertinenta.用關(guān)的,中肯的relevant;tothepoint20.scathinga.嚴(yán)厲的,尖刻的,不留情的(ofspeechorwriting)bitterlycruelinjudgment21.badgerv.糾纏不休,吵著要repeatedlytellsb.todosth.orasksb.questionse.g.Thelittlegirlbadgeredherfatherintobuyingherapony.VocabularyExercisesIII.WordDerivation1.substancen.物質(zhì),主旨,實(shí)質(zhì)→substantiala.→substantialityn.你處理這些危險(xiǎn)品時(shí)，可要當(dāng)心。Bewareofwhatyoudowiththosedangeroussubstances.她在討論中做了大量工作。Hercontributiontothediscussionwassubstantial.實(shí)體論thetheoryofsubstantiality2.motivatev.刺激,使有動(dòng)機(jī)→motivationn.動(dòng)機(jī),誘因→motiven.動(dòng)機(jī),目的調(diào)動(dòng)別人積極性的唯一方法是與他們交流。Theonlywayyoucanmotivatepeopleistocommunicatewiththem.你想當(dāng)老師的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么？Whatwasyourmotivationforbecomingateacher?警方已排除該謀殺案中有搶劫的動(dòng)機(jī)。Tmitmentn.→commitv.→committeda.忠誠的,堅(jiān)定的本公司承諾保證質(zhì)量和顧客的服務(wù)。Ourcompanyhasacommitmenttoqualityandcustomerservice.他沒有作任何承諾。Hedidn’tcommithimselftoanything.他們是忠誠的社會(huì)主義者。Theyarecommittedsocialists.4.restrictivea.限制性的,約束性的→restrictv.→restrictionn.許多成員認(rèn)為規(guī)定限制性太強(qiáng)。Manymembersthoughttherulesweretoorestrictive.政府在限制進(jìn)口的措施中提高了關(guān)稅。Inamovetorestrictimports,thegovernmentraisedcustomduties.

這個(gè)游泳俱樂部對(duì)鄰近地區(qū)的家庭開放，不受限制。Theswimmingclubisopentofamiliesintheneighborhoodwithoutrestriction.5.subtletyn.微妙,精明→subtlea.微妙的,難以捉摸的→subtlyad.隱隱約約地語言的一些細(xì)微之處無法通過翻譯傳達(dá)。Someofthesubtletiesofthelanguagearelostintranslation.光線暗淡有助于人們松弛精神。Subtlelightinghelpspeoplerelax.他們對(duì)我的態(tài)度發(fā)生了微妙的變化。Theirattitudetomealteredsubtly.6.thrillv.→thrillinga.→thrillern.使人毛骨悚然的東西我們聽到你的好消息非常興奮。Wewerethrilledtohearyourwonderfulnews.不容懷疑，這是一種壯烈的情感。Itwasathrillingsentiment,nodoubt.我們的新系列驚險(xiǎn)故事于今晚7時(shí)30分開始播出。Ournewserialthrillerbeginsat7:30placencyn.→complacencen.→complacenta.我們不能自滿，必須繼續(xù)努力改進(jìn)。There’snoroomforcomplacency;wemustcontinuetotrytoimprove.許多人,甚至高級(jí)官員都沉醉于自信科學(xué)能解決任何問題。Manypeople,eveninhighoffice,restinthebalmycomplacenceofassurancethatsciencecansolveeverything.我們絕不能滿足于自己的成績(jī)，還有很多事情要做。Wemustnotbecomplacentaboutourachievements;thereisstillalottobedone.8.precedencen.→precedev.→precedentn.范例,先例→unprecedenteda.這一工作必須先做，其他一切后做。Thistaskmustbegivenprecedenceoverallothers.他演講前先對(duì)來賓表示歡迎。Heprecededhisspeechwithawelcometotheguests.女王破例讓自己的孩子去普通學(xué)校就讀。TheQueenhasbrokenwithprecedentbysendingherchildrentoordinaryschools.中國工業(yè)正以空前的速度發(fā)展。China’sindustryisdevelopingatanunprecedentedrate.Sentences:Paraphrase&TranslationWemayevenhaveexpectationsthattheybeendlessrepositoriesofskillandknowledgefromwhichwemaypartakeatwill.(Paragraph1)Translation:AsateacherIhavecometofeelweightedbytheseexpectationsandhavebeguntoseethatitisreallynotpossibletoteach.(Paragraph2)Paraphrase:Allthewordsandtheoriesandtechniquesareofnousetostudentswhohaveyettoopenthemselveswithreceptivityandtotakeituponthemselvestopractice.(Paragraph2)Paraphrase:Itisnotknowinginthesenseofhavingarigidopinion,buttheabilitytolookagainatanothertime,inadifferentlight,asGyorgyisuggests,andtoformanewunderstandingbasedonthatobservation.(Paragraph4)Paraphrase:Thefruitoftheseseeminglydryqualities(whichweprefertoadmireinothers)isthesatisfactionofhavingtastedthefullnessofcompletion,orthethrillofmeetingadifficultchallengewithsuccess.(Paragraph5)Translation:Beyondthewell-pavedroadsandsecurestructuresweusuallybuildforourselvesliedemons,