文史類專業(yè)課復習資料-英國文學簡史復習資料(整理版)

I.OldEnglish&theLateMedievalAges<Beowulf>貝奧武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsChaucer杰弗里喬叟1340(?)~1400ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.①<TheCanterbury坎特伯雷故事集：

firsttouse‘heroiccouplet’(雙韻體)bymiddleEnglish

②andCriseyde>特羅伊拉斯和克萊希德

③<TheHouseofFame>聲譽之宮IITheRenaissancePeriodAperiodofdramaandTheElizabethanistherealmainstream

oftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissance:thespirit,timeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,

andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17th

markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.

historicaleventsoftheRenaissance–or1.newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology2.thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansion3.rediscoveryofancientandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarlowe

Shakespeare

BenJohnson.Shakespeare威廉莎士比亞1564~1616①Historicalplays:HenryVI亨利六世;HenryIV:RichardIII查理三

世;HenryV；RichardII；HenryVIII②FourComedies:LikeIt>皆大歡喜;Night>第十二夜;

<AMidsummerNight’SDream>仲夏夜之夢;<MerchantOf威尼斯商人③Four<Hamlet>哈姆萊特;<Othello>奧賽羅;

<KingLear>李爾王;<Macbeth>④Sonnet:154<TheSonnets>Threequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyin

iambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.⑤thecomedyoferrors錯中錯，AndronicusTheoftheshrew馴悍記Love'slabour'slost（愛的徒勞）

RomeoandJuliet羅密歐與朱麗葉Muchadoaboutnothing（無事生非）

Themerrywivesof溫莎的風流娘們KingJohn約翰王All'swellthatendswell終成眷屬Measuremeasure（一報還一報）Bacon:Beauty;MarriageandSingleLifeEnglish?BourgeoisRevolution，<TheAdvancementofLearning>學術(shù)的推進III：theperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisMilton1608~1674ParadiseLost;SamsonAgonistes(力士參孫);

OnthemorningofChrist’sNativity，復樂園

<OnHisBlindness>我的失明<Areopagitica>論出版自由

<TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople>為英國人民聲辯

Bunyan:1628~1688①ReligionaryAllegory:<TheProgress>天路歷程

GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinner;

theHolyrJohnDon:theMetaphysicalpoet(玄學派詩人).MetaphysicalPoetry(玄學詩)thedictionissimple,theimageryisfrom

theactual,(形式)theformisfrequentlyanwiththepoet’sbeloved,

withgod,orwithhimself.（主題：love,religious,thought）TheFlea;跳蚤ForbbidingMourning，SongsAndSonnets歌與十四行詩，

occasions突變引起的誠念HelysonnetsIVThe18thCentury：EnlightenmentArevivalofinterestintheclassicalworks,logic,restrainedemotion(抑制情感)andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:themovementwasafurtheranceofthe

Renaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,

reason(rationality),equality&science(the18thcentury)小說崛起：InthethenewlyliterarymodernEnglishnovel

rised(realisticnovel現(xiàn)實主義小說)Gothicnovel(哥特式小說)castles(frommiddleparttotheendofcentury)JonathanSwift喬納森斯威夫特1667~1745（十八世紀杰出的政論家和諷刺小說家amastersatirist①<Gulliver’s格列佛游記(fictionalwork)Fourparts:Lilliput小人國Brobdingnag大人國

FlyingIsland飛島Houyhnhnm馬島

<AModestProposal>一個小小的建議②<TheBattleofBooks>書戰(zhàn)③<Aofa木桶的故事④<TheLetters>一個麻布商的書信

⑤BickerstaffAlmanac比克斯塔福歷書DanielDefoe丹尼爾笛福1660~1731Heisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageis?smooth,colloquialandmostlyandheisthefounderofrealisticnovel.①<RobinsonCrusoe>魯賓遜漂流記ItpraisethefortitudeofhumanlaborandthePuritan.

Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdand

hardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.

ItisanadventureRobinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,gets

shipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor

24-yearsthereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.

②<MollFlanders>③<ColonelJacque>④<Captainsingleton>辛格頓船長HenryFielding亨利?菲爾丁1707~1754ThefunderoftheEnglishrealisticworldHeiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel.Hewasthefirstwritea“Comicepicinprose(散文體史詩),andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle.①novels:<TheHistoryofJones,aFoundling>棄嬰湯姆?瓊斯<TheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews>約瑟夫?安德魯<TheLifeofMrJonathantheGreat>大詩人江奈生?威爾德<Amelia>愛米利亞②plays:<TheHistoricalRegisterfor1736>一七三六年歷史記事<DonQuixoteinEngland>堂吉柯德在英國Blake威廉?布萊克1757~1827①<SongsofInnocence>天真之歌Ahappyandinnocentworldfromeye.②<SongsofExperience>經(jīng)驗之歌Awordofdisease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefromeyes.Include:<TheChimneySweeper>掃煙囪的小孩<London><Theisasymbolofpeaceandpurityisasymbolofdreadandoiolence③<TheMarriageofHeavenandHell>天堂與地獄的婚姻RobertBurns羅伯特?彭斯1759~1796greatestScottishpoetthelate18thPoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用蘇格蘭方言寫的詩①<JohnAnderson,MyJo>約翰?安德生，我的愛人，ChieflyintheScottishDialect，蘇格蘭抒情歌謠集②<ARed,RedRose>一朵紅紅的玫瑰③友誼地久天長④<AaManfor不管那一套?⑤我的心在那高原上⑥<BruceAtBannockburn>⑦<TheOfLiberty>自由樹FarewellScotland再見蘇格蘭VTheRomanticPeriodTheromanticperiodbegan1798thepublicationofandsBallads>,andend1832withdeath.Romanticism:Itemphasizethespecialqualitieofeachindividualsmind.(人應該是獨立自由的個體)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.majornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realistic)andScott(romantic).“TheLakePoets”湖畔詩人，wholivedthelakedistrict.SamuelColeridge;RobertSouthey威廉華茲華斯1770~1850①Ballads>抒情歌謠集(withSamuelColeridge)②<ILonelyACloud>③MyHeartLeapsupWhenIBehold，④AboveAbbey;⑤IntimationsofImmortality⑥LinesComposedAFewMilesAboveAbbey⑦TheSolitaryReaper孤獨的割麥女⑧<ThePrelude>序曲GeorgeGordon喬治?戈登?拜倫1788~1824（拜倫式英雄Byronicheroes孤傲、狂熱、浪漫，卻充滿了反抗精神。內(nèi)心充滿了孤獨與苦“Byronichero”isaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin,againsttyrannicalrulesormoralprinciples.①<DonJuan>唐?璜<ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage>恰爾德?哈羅德爾游記<Cain>該隱②<WhenParted>當初我們倆分別<SheBeauty>MySoulisDark;FirstKissofLove;PersyByssheShelley波西?比希?雪萊1792~1822①PoeticDrama：<PrometheusUnbound>解放了的普羅米修斯Theme:thecelebraiesvictoryovertyrannyoppression②<QueenMab>麥布女王<RevoltofIslam>伊斯蘭的反叛<TheCenci>欽契一家<ADefenceofPoetry>詩辯<TheNecessityofAtheism>無神論的必要性③<OdetotheWind>西風頌Love'sPhilosophy;TheCloud;aSkylark(致云雀);約翰?濟慈1795~1821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名詩句。)①Fourgreatodes:<OdeonaGrecianUrn>希臘古甕頌<OdetoaNightingale>夜鶯頌<OdePsyche>心靈頌<OdeMelancholy>憂郁頌②Autumn>秋頌③③IsabellaThePeriod1832-1900EnglishCriticalRealism(VictorianEra)?Commonsenseandmoralagainbecamethepredominant

preoccupation.Criticalrealistswereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommon

peopleandeverydayevents.CharlesDickens查爾斯?狄更斯1812~1870（批判現(xiàn)實主義小說家）thegreatestrepresentativeofEnglishcriticalrealistwriter①<ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub>匹克威克外傳②<Oliver奧利弗?特維斯特（霧都孤兒）③<TheOldCuriosityShop>老古玩店④<AChristmasCarol>圣誕頌歌⑤<DombeyandSon>董貝父子⑥<DavidCopperfield>大衛(wèi)?科波菲爾⑦<BleakHouse>荒涼山莊<Hard艱難時世⑧<AofCities>雙城記(London&Paris)⑨<GreatExpectations>遠大前程⑩<OurMutualFriend>我們共同的朋友SketchesbyBoz;AmericanNotes美國札記WilliamMakepeaceThackeray威廉?麥克匹斯?薩克雷①Fair>oraNovelwithoutaHero名利場(theisanexcerptfrom<ThePilgrim’sProgress>byBunyan)②<TheBookOfSnobs>③Cox'sDiary庸人之書JaneAusten簡?奧斯丁Shecomparedherworkstoafineengravinguponaliterarypieceofivoryonlyinchessquire.①<SenseandSensibility>理智與感情<PrideandPrejudic>傲慢與偏見<MansfieldPark>曼斯菲爾德莊園<Emma>愛瑪<NorthangerAbbey>諾桑覺寺<Persuasion>勸導Charlotte夏洛蒂?勃朗特1816~1855①<JaneEyre>簡?愛②<Shirley>雪莉③<Professor>教師Emily艾米莉?勃朗特1818~1854①呼嘯山莊<GeorgeEliot喬治?艾略特①<TheMillontheFloss>弗洛斯河上的磨坊②亞當?比德③<織工馬南④<Middlemarch>米德爾馬契MidandLate19thCenturyRobert羅伯特?白朗寧1812~1889①<MyLastDutchess>我已故的公爵夫人②<ThoughtsFromAbroad>海外鄉(xiāng)思MenandDramaticPippaPaaaes;TheRingandtheBook;Elizabeth:①<SonnetfromthePortuguese>葡萄牙十四行詩Christina.Rossetti:1830-1894SeekandFind;AforGirls;Song;ABirthdayVII1900~195020thCentury?Playwrights①Oscar②BernardShawHenrryJames:thewingsofadove;aportraitofawomen;DaisyMiller;theambassadors;thegoldenbowlGeorgeBernardShaw喬治?伯納?蕭1856~1950(英國杰出的批判現(xiàn)實主義劇作家）criticalrealisticdramatist①PlaysUnpleasant<MrsSProfession>華倫夫人的職業(yè)’Houses>鰥夫的房產(chǎn)②PlaysPleasantAndMan>武器與人<TheManOfDestiny>左右命運的人③Plays<ManAndSuperman>人與超人<Pygmalion>匹格瑪利翁<TheAppleCart>圣女貞德HeartbreakHouse.托馬斯?哈代1840~1928（小說多以農(nóng)村生活為背景；自然主義小說家。novels;novelsofcharacterandenvironment）⑴Novels①<OfTheD’Urbervilles>德伯家的苔絲Theme:experienceisasandnotastoduration②<JudeTheObscure>無名的裘德③<UnderTheGreenwood綠蔭下④遠離塵囂⑤<MayorOfCasterbridge>卡斯特橋市長⑥<ReturnoftheNative>⑵：PoemsAndOther，PoemsOfThePastAndPresentTheDynasts列國Oscar奧斯卡?王爾德1856~1900salome（TheAestheticMovement:ArtforArt’sSake）①4Comedies:<TheImportanceOfBeingEarnest>認真的重要<Lady’sFan>溫德米爾夫人的扇子<AOfNoImportance>一個無足輕重的女人<AnIdealHusband>理想的丈夫②Novel:<ThePictureOfDorianGray>多利安?格雷的畫像③Fairy<TheHappyPrinceOther快樂王子故事集TheOfMasksButler威廉勃特勒葉茨1865~1939（愛爾蘭詩人，劇作家；TheIrishnationalistmovement愛爾蘭獨立運動；?TheIrishLiteraryRevival愛爾蘭文藝復興；TheIrishLiteraryTheater,orthe

AbbeyTheater愛爾蘭民族劇團）⑴collections①<TheAmongTheReeds>葦風

<Responsibilities>責任②<The塔<TheStair>旋轉(zhuǎn)的樓梯

⑵Poems<Easter1916>復活節(jié)，1916<TheSecondComing>第二次來臨/再世

<SailingByzantium>到拜占庭航行WhenOld;TheLakeIsleofThomasEliot（詩人，劇作家，批評家）⑴Poems①<TheLand>②<FourQuartets>四個四重奏③<TheLoveSongJ.AlfredPrufrock>⑵Plays①<MurderInTheCathedral>大教堂謀殺案MorningattheDavidHerbert戴維赫伯特勞倫斯1885~1930Modernist<SonsAndLovers>兒子與情人(autobiographical)<TheRainbow>虹

③InLove>戀愛中的