七選五指導(dǎo)-據(jù)“標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)分析句間關(guān)系”快解

專攻解題方法與技巧七選五指導(dǎo)-據(jù)“標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)分析句間關(guān)系”快解空后常見標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)及思維趨向空后是逗號(hào)空后是句號(hào)空后是破折號(hào)空后是問號(hào)此處要么填入復(fù)合句中的主句或從句，要么填入名詞短語、介詞短語或非謂語動(dòng)詞短語。要依據(jù)段落主題和上下文邏輯關(guān)系來解題。破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容對(duì)設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋和說明。此處應(yīng)填入問句，這時(shí)可由下文的答語推知問句的內(nèi)容。類型1空后是逗號(hào)1．當(dāng)設(shè)空處后面是逗號(hào)，且后面的句子是由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句時(shí)，則設(shè)空處為主句。[典例](2021·全國乙卷節(jié)選)AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.__36__，ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.B．ThefirststepistogoexploringD．BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersG．Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost[解題思路]根據(jù)空后的句子“ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime”是由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句可知，此空應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)主句；再由下文“beadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers”可知，本段告訴讀者在晚宴上要勇于嘗試，故B項(xiàng)“第一步是去探索”符合語境。2．當(dāng)設(shè)空處后面是逗號(hào)，且后面的句子沒有連詞引導(dǎo)，則設(shè)空處多為狀語從句。[典例](2021·全國乙卷節(jié)選)Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving？”，you'llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou'retalkingto.__37__，itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.C．Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere？”E．Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay[解題思路]根據(jù)空后的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)后的句子可推知，此空應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)從句；再根據(jù)“‘Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle’or‘Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.’”可知，空處內(nèi)容與交通方式有關(guān)。故C選項(xiàng)符合語境。類型2空后是句號(hào)當(dāng)設(shè)空處后面是句號(hào)時(shí)，考生要根據(jù)段落主題和前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系來解題。[典例](2021·全國乙卷節(jié)選)Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(贊揚(yáng)).__40__.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”D．BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersG．Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost[解題思路]本段第一句為段落主題句，意為“如何應(yīng)對(duì)另一個(gè)宴會(huì)殺手：尷尬的沉默？”，下文給出方法，應(yīng)對(duì)宴會(huì)殺手——尷尬的沉默的唯一方法就是贊揚(yáng)主人，故G項(xiàng)“他或她是最能感受到這種尷尬的人”符合語境，與前面的句子構(gòu)成前果后因的關(guān)系。類型3空后是破折號(hào)當(dāng)設(shè)空處后面是破折號(hào)時(shí)，考生要根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容來確定答案，因?yàn)樗菍?duì)前面內(nèi)容的解釋和說明。[典例](2016·全國卷Ⅱ節(jié)選)?Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.__39__—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.C．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowers[解題思路]根據(jù)空前的“butthat'snotwhat'simportant”可知，空處應(yīng)講什么重要；再根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容“howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel”可知，空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是對(duì)“我們”的關(guān)于花園的體驗(yàn)的解釋，故C項(xiàng)“我們的關(guān)于花園的體驗(yàn)很重要”符合語境。類型4空后是問號(hào)當(dāng)設(shè)空處后面是問號(hào)時(shí)，考生要根據(jù)后面對(duì)這個(gè)問題的回答來確定設(shè)空處問的是什么。[典例](2021·全國乙卷節(jié)選)__38__？Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺(tái)).Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay.A．HowdoyouknowthehostF．Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking[解題思路]根據(jù)空后的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可知，此空應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)問句，選項(xiàng)中只有A和F是問句；再根據(jù)空后“Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway”中的“wine”可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中的“hashadtoomuchtodrink”與之屬于同一范疇的表達(dá)，因此F項(xiàng)“對(duì)于喝多了或者不停說話的人該怎么辦”符合語境?？旖菁挤?三)據(jù)“上下檢索復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯”準(zhǔn)解類型1原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法掌握特點(diǎn)一個(gè)單詞在一個(gè)語意場(chǎng)中以同樣的形式反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，有時(shí)兼有詞形的變化。如：上文中的“says”與下文中的“said”可以看成是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)技巧運(yùn)用①尋找空格前后句中的相同關(guān)鍵詞；②根據(jù)語言習(xí)慣，第一句的賓語往往是第二句的主語，或者前后句有相同、重疊的詞語[典例](2022·全國甲卷節(jié)選)HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.__38__，insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.C．MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsE．It'sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplate[解題思路]根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題和上下文內(nèi)容可知，空處應(yīng)是以某個(gè)國家為例，介紹使用手或餐具來就餐的某條重要規(guī)則；再根據(jù)下文中的“instead”可知，空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與后半句內(nèi)容形成對(duì)比。根據(jù)后半句“(他們)反而更喜歡用他們的手”并分析選項(xiàng)可知，C項(xiàng)“墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不合適的”符合語境。選項(xiàng)C中的“utensils”與空處前文中的“utensil”為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。類型2代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法掌握特點(diǎn)為了避免與上文捉到的名詞重復(fù)，常用不同的代詞指代上文提到的人、事物或事件技巧運(yùn)用①注意空格前后出現(xiàn)的代詞，并確定其意義；②結(jié)合指代意義和單復(fù)數(shù)解題it可指代單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞或整個(gè)句子；they或them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞；one指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子；this指代單數(shù)名詞或句子；these或those指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞。還有反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞等。[典例](2022·全國甲卷節(jié)選)ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.__37__.D．Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantF．Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem[解題思路]根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題和上文內(nèi)容可知，空處也應(yīng)是關(guān)于使用筷子的規(guī)則。F項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你使用它們時(shí)，切勿將它們直立于你的食物中或把它們交叉(放置)”符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“them”指代“chopsticks”，與小標(biāo)題和前文內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。類型3派生復(fù)現(xiàn)法掌握特點(diǎn)派生詞是由詞根加詞綴構(gòu)成的詞技巧運(yùn)用在句中尋找這類詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)[典例](2019·全國卷Ⅰ節(jié)選)__40__Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.D．Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?[解題思路]由下文陽光也能帶來有益的維生素D可知，空處應(yīng)是呼吸新鮮空氣的另一個(gè)好處。下文中的“beneficial”與D項(xiàng)中的“benefit”屬于同根詞，屬于派生詞重復(fù)信息。故選D項(xiàng)。類型4同義復(fù)現(xiàn)法掌握特點(diǎn)指上下文中意義相同或相近的詞、詞組或同義句子。如：room與space技巧運(yùn)用在句中尋找同義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)[典例](2021·新高考Ⅰ卷節(jié)選)Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.__38___Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.D．Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.G．Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.[解題思路]根據(jù)空前一句和下文的描述可知，空處承上啟下，應(yīng)說明法國人吃得少的原因，G項(xiàng)符合語境。G項(xiàng)中的“delicious”與空前的“great”為同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，而且空后又具體例證了巴黎人吃的食物很美味。故選G。類型5反義復(fù)現(xiàn)法掌握特點(diǎn)上下文中有互為相反詞義的單詞、短語或者意思相反的句子技巧運(yùn)用在句中尋找反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)[典例](2021·全國甲卷節(jié)選)?Invite5－10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.__37__，andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.A．LesspeoplethanthatB．Holdaclothingswap[解題思路]空處與下文的“morethanthat...”形成對(duì)比；意思應(yīng)與morethan相反，表示人比這少，可能沒有足夠的東西可供選擇；人比這多，就會(huì)變得無法控制，故A項(xiàng)符合語境。選項(xiàng)A中的“that”指代前文的“5～10”people。[專題驗(yàn)收評(píng)價(jià)]A(2022·濰坊市高三階段性監(jiān)測(cè))Doyouhaveanimportantorfavoritememoryfromthepast?Perhapsitwasclappingforgoals.__1__Bysharingourmemories,wecanfeelclosertootherpeopleandmorepositiveaboutwhatwe'vebeenthrough.Howdoesmemorywork?Scientistsbelievetherearetwolevelsofmemory.Oneisshort-termorworkingmemory,whichstaysinyourbrainforonly15－30seconds.Theotherlevelislong-termorpermanentmemory,whichcanbestoredfordays,monthsorevenyears.__2__Motor-skillmemorieshelpyourememberhowtorideabike;factualmemorieshelpyoutorecognizefaces.Thesetypesofmemoriescanbeshort-orlong-termones.Emotionalmemoriesrecallhowyoufeltaboutsomethingandcanbestrongandpowerful.Rememberingthesadnessofmissingyourfriendsduringlockdown,andbeinghappyandexcitedtoseethemagainafterwards,areemotionalmemories.__3__Whyarememoriesimportant?Memoriestellyouthestoryofyourself.Informationsuchaswhichschoolyougotoandwhoyourfriendsareisstoredinsideyourbrain,readyforwhenyouneedit.__4__“IfImissseeingmygrandparents,IrememberstayingwiththeminDevon.Itmakesmefeelhappy,likewhenIwasthere，”Heidi,12,toldTheWeek.__5__Whenpeoplethinkofsharedexperience,whatusuallycomestomindisbeingclosewithothers,suchasfriendsorfamily,andtalkingwiththem.Bytellingafunnyorembarrassingstory—perhapsthetimethedogstoletheham—wesharefeelingsofjoyorrecognitionofdifficultiestoovercome,largeorsmall.Bysharingsimilarornot-so-similarexperiences,weempathizewithandunderstandoneanotherbetter.A．Therearemanyusesofmemory.B．Memoriescanhelpyouownwell-being.C．Timecannoterasehismemoriesofthepast.D．Memoriescanalsohelpyoumanagefeelings.E．Sharedmemoriescanconnectyouwithothers.F．Oritwasseeingrainbowpicturesinthewindows.G．Theyarelong-termonesandcansometimeslastalifetime.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了記憶的工作原理和作用。1．選F根據(jù)該段第一句“Doyouhaveanimportantorfavoritememoryfromthepast？”和空處上句“Perhapsitwasclappingforgoals.”可知，空處上句是對(duì)提出的問題的具體回答，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“或者是看到了窗戶上的彩虹圖案”也是對(duì)該問題的回答，符合語境。2．選A根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段主旨句；根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了記憶的作用，包括運(yùn)動(dòng)記憶和事實(shí)記憶的作用等。故A項(xiàng)適合作本段主旨句。3．選G該段講了運(yùn)動(dòng)記憶和事實(shí)記憶可以是長(zhǎng)期的，也可以是短期的；空前講了情感記憶，故可推知空處應(yīng)該會(huì)介紹情感記憶的特征，故G項(xiàng)“它們是長(zhǎng)期的記憶，有時(shí)會(huì)伴隨一生”符合語境。4．選D根據(jù)空處下句可知，如果Heidi想見到祖父母，則會(huì)記得在德文郡和他們待在一起的時(shí)光。這讓他很開心，就像他在那里的時(shí)候一樣。據(jù)此可知，記憶可以幫助人們控制情感，故D項(xiàng)符合語境。5．選E根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段主旨句；根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了分享記憶中的事情更有助于和他人保持親近、與他人產(chǎn)生共鳴和更好地理解他人，因此本段主要講分享記憶的好處。故E項(xiàng)能概括本段主旨。B(2022·南京市高三學(xué)情調(diào)研)Doyoubelieveinaliens?Duringthe1980s，hundredsofmysteriouscirclesappearedinfieldsalloverEngland.Manypeoplethoughttheywerecreatedbyaliensfromouterspace.Whatwerethesecircles？__1__ScaringCirclesHundredsofgeometricalpatternsappearedinthemiddleofEnglishwheatfieldslikemagic.Themostcommontheorywasthattheyweremadebyspaceships.Twoscientists,PatDelgadoandColinAndrews,becamecrazyaboutthesubject.__2__Bytheendofthe1980s,cropcircleshadbecomeamystery;andtherewereregularreportsinthepressandontelevision.Conflict__3__Somebelievedthecircleshadbeencausedbyanimalssuchasdeer，whileothersclaimedthecircleswerecausedbyhelicopters.Specialiststhoughtthesymbolswerefromancientwritings.However,noonecouldreallyofferaconvincingexplanation.Eventually,theKoestlerFoundationoffered5,000poundsforadefinitivesolution.ThePeak1990wasthegoldenyearforthecropcircles.DelgadoandAndrewsreleasedtheirbestsellerCircularEvidence.Andateamofscientistsarrivedtorecordcircle-makinginaction.Thatyear,thecropcircleswereevenmorecomplexthantheonesbefore.Thehitoftheyearcameon12thJulywhenahugecircleappearedinafieldatAltonBarnes.__4__Butthemysterywasabouttobesettled.AnExplanationOnedaythatsameyear,agroupoffamouscircleexpertssetupmonitoringequipmentonahillinWiltshire.__5__Amazingly,thenextdaysixcirclesappearedinafieldjustbelowthem,withouttheteamrecordinganything.Worsestill,whentheresearchersenteredthecircles,theyfoundman-madetoolsinthecentreofeachcircle,whichseemedtoprovethatthecircleshadbeenmadebyhumans.A．Andwhohadmadethem?B．Theanswerspuzzledmanypeople.C．Cropspecialistswereasconfusedasever.D．Sincethen,agreatmanymorecropcircleshaveappeared.E．Theywerehopingtorecordtheformationofacropcircle.F．Apartfromthealientheories,therewereothersuggestions,too.G．Theywereconvincedthecirclesweretheworkof“unknownintelligence”．語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了20世紀(jì)80年代英國田地里出現(xiàn)的數(shù)百個(gè)神秘的圓圈，以及人們對(duì)這些圓圈的猜測(cè)及科學(xué)家們的研究。1．選A空前講述了英國的田地上出現(xiàn)了神秘的圓圈，這些圓圈是什么？結(jié)合下文小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容可知，A項(xiàng)“又是誰制造的這些圓圈？”和空前的問句共同引出下文，符合語境。2．選G空前講述人們普遍認(rèn)為是宇宙飛船造成的圓圈，兩位科學(xué)家對(duì)此十分狂熱，故本空應(yīng)講述這兩位科學(xué)家對(duì)待這些圓圈的看法。故G項(xiàng)“他們相信這些圓圈是未知智慧的作品”承接上文，符合語境。3．選F根據(jù)空后的“Some...whileothers...Specialiststhought...ancientwritings”可知，本段講述人們對(duì)圓圈的不同看法，故F項(xiàng)“除了外星理論外，還有其他一些建議”可作為本段主旨句。4．選C空后講述“但是謎團(tuán)即將被解決”，故C項(xiàng)“農(nóng)作物專家仍像以前一樣困惑不解”與空后一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。5．選E空前講一組著名的圓圈專家在山上搭起監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備，空后講令人十分吃驚的是，第二天又出現(xiàn)了六個(gè)圓圈，團(tuán)隊(duì)沒有記錄到任何東西，故E項(xiàng)“他們希望記錄到麥田圓圈的形成”符合語境。C(2022·重慶名校聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考)Openanappatyoursmartphoneandscanthebarcodeonthegarbagecan.Whenyouthrowgarbageintothegarbagecan,itwillshowtheweightofthegarbageandthepointsyoucangetfromdoingso.__1__Itwillbecomemorepopularinthefuture.Yes,wearetalkingaboutthesmartgarbagecan.__2__Theenvironmentalproblemshavebecomeconstantheadachesinthedevelopmentofthosecities.Encouraginggarbageclassificationhasbecomeaneffectiveway.Insomecities,avarietyofmultifunctionalsmartgarbagecansarebeingputintouse.InBeijing,forexample,asmartgarbagecanisequippedwithanLEDscreen,whichnotonlyshowsnationalpoliciesongarbageclassificationbutalsoshowsthecorrectstepsforgarbagesorting.Itcanalsocalculatetheweightofthegarbageandtheaccumulatedpointsonecanget.Theycanbetradedforsomearticlesofdailyuse.__3__Itsbodyisactuallyascreen.Itisequippedwithsomeinternalsensors.Whenpeoplethrowgarbageintoit,theinternalsensorscanautomaticallytellthetypesofthegarbage.Meanwhile,peoplecanseehowtodealwiththem.__4__Garbagedisposalisasmallissuethatinvolveseverybodyeachday.However,itisalsoabigissue.__5__Withsmartgarbagecansinourdailylife,theideaofgarbagesortingwillbecomemoreestablished.OurdreamofbuildingagreenerandmorebeautifulChinawillcometruesolongaswestarttomakesmallchangesrightnow.A．Garbagesortinghasbeenanewfashion.B．Anotherkindofgarbagecanisevensmarter.C．Itisnowonderthatresidentscheeredfortheirpresence.D．Suchawayofhandlinggarbagehasappearedinsomecities.E．ItwillaffectChina'stransformationtowardsgreendevelopment.F．Over200milliontonsofgarbageisproducedeachyearinsomecities.G．Thegoodhabitofgarbageclassificationcanimprovethelivingenvironment.[謹(jǐn)防連環(huán)錯(cuò)]本篇的第2題因上文提到智能垃圾桶的使用場(chǎng)景，下文又提到在這些城市的發(fā)展過程中，環(huán)境問題一直是令人頭疼的問題，鼓勵(lì)垃圾分類已成為一種有效的方式，考生容易誤認(rèn)為下文的內(nèi)容是C項(xiàng)“難怪居民們?yōu)樗鼈兊某霈F(xiàn)歡呼雀躍”的原因而誤選C項(xiàng)，從而造成第4題的誤選，形成連環(huán)錯(cuò)。語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。智能垃圾桶在城市成功試用，并有望得到推廣，這將有助于中國向綠色發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型。1．選D根據(jù)空前“在智能手機(jī)上打開一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，掃描垃圾桶上的條形碼。當(dāng)你把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾桶時(shí)，它會(huì)顯示垃圾的重量和你可以從中得到的分?jǐn)?shù)”可知，空前講掃碼扔垃圾的方式，D項(xiàng)中的“Suchawayofhandlinggarbage”與之相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。2．選F根據(jù)下文“環(huán)境問題一直是那些城市發(fā)展中令人頭疼的問題。鼓勵(lì)垃圾分類已經(jīng)成為一種有效的方式”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“一些城市每年制造2億多噸垃圾”與下文令人頭疼的環(huán)境問題相呼應(yīng)，故選F。3．選B根據(jù)本段首句“在一些城市，各種多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用”可知，該段主要講述兩種智能垃圾桶，空前介紹了裝有LED屏幕的垃圾桶，空后介紹了裝有感應(yīng)器的垃圾桶。故B項(xiàng)“另一種垃圾桶甚至更智能”符合語境。4．選C根據(jù)本段首句并結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹兩種智能垃圾桶。根據(jù)空前一句中的“people”可知，該空應(yīng)為人們對(duì)它們的出現(xiàn)給予的評(píng)價(jià)。故C項(xiàng)“難怪居民們都為它們(這兩種智能垃圾桶)的出現(xiàn)而歡呼”符合語境。5．選E空前講垃圾處理也是個(gè)大問題，本空應(yīng)該對(duì)其作進(jìn)一步解釋。E項(xiàng)“它會(huì)影響中國向綠色發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型”給出了具體的理由，承接上文；同時(shí)與下文中的“agreenerandmorebeautifulChina”相呼應(yīng)。DKeepInformedofFactsaboutElectricCarsSalesofelectricvehicles(EVs)grew40percentlastyearworldwide.Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.__1__Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.Manymanufacturers,includingGM,Jeep,andVolvo,havepromisedtoofferfullyelectriclineups(陣容)beforethisdecadeisgone.__2__Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.Butpl