lecture9比較級別和比較結(jié)構(gòu)

LectureNine比較級別及倍數(shù)的表達DegreesofComparison:原級

ThePositiveDegree

比較級

TheComparativeDegree最高級TheSuperlativeDegree一、比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成（張，p393）1.單音節(jié)詞：加-er,-est如：high-higher-highest2.以-y,-ow,-er,-te結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞：也加-er和-esthappy-happier-happiestnarrow-narrower-narrowestclever-cleverer-clevestpolite-politer-politest3.其它雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞：加more和mostactive-moreactive-themostactivedifficult-moredifficult-themostdifficult4.少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞，如glad,pleased,tired:加more和most二、比較級前的修飾語(張，p398)any：表示疑問，用于疑問句中no或notany：表示否定

slightly,abit,alittle,alittlebit：表示......一點much,far,alot:表示“…...得多"even,still：表示更加......你今天感覺好點了嗎？Doyoufeelanybettertoday?

我今天感覺好多了。Ifeelmuch/alotbettertoday.我今天稍微好了一點。Ifeelalittlebitbettertoday.特別注意：形容詞的比較級前不能再用more來修飾!!!Ifeelmorebettertoday.Ifeelmuchbettertoday.√他現(xiàn)在比以前快樂得多。Heismuchhappierthaneverbefore.在比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，應注意，同等的兩個事物才能比較，如：Theclimateinthenorthiscolderthanthesouth.Theclimateinthenorthiscolderthantheclimateinthesouth.(√)在實際運用中，往往用that,those,theone,theones代替上文提及的部分,其中those和theones代替可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，theone代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，that可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。Theclimateinthenorthiscolderthanthatinthesouth.Thebooksonthedeskareeasierthan

theones/thoseontheshelf.1.Yourknowledgeisgreaterthana____.

A.specialistB.specialist’s

C.specialistsD.specialists’2.Mywatchismoreexpensivethan_____.

A.youB.your

C.yoursD.yourselfBC三、幾個特殊的比較結(jié)構(gòu)1.as…as…結(jié)構(gòu),表示“和…一樣”（形容詞要用原級）Aboyoffifteenisoftenastallashisfather.GeorgeisaworkerasefficientasJack.

▲否定句中用notso(notas)+原級+as（不如…那樣).Johnisnotso(as)stupidasBob.英語中有大量as…as結(jié)構(gòu)的成語

(張，p400)asbusyasabee,asstrongasahorseastimidasahareas…as…結(jié)構(gòu)的變體：Mr.JonesisateacherasgoodasMr.Chips.=Mr.Jonesisasgoodateacheras

Mr.Chips.Idon’twantacarasexpensiveasthis.=Idon’twantasexpensiveacar

asthis.2.the+比較級+ofthetwo結(jié)構(gòu):兩者中較...的This

student

is

the

cleverer

of

the

two.

Of

the

gold

and

silver,

the

former

is

the

more

precious.

Parisisnow______ofthesetwocompetingcities.A.thelargest

B.thelargeC.thelarger

D.largerC_______thetwo,Bobis________student.

A.Of,morediligent

B.In,morediligent

C.Of,themorediligent

D.In,themorediligentC3.more…than…結(jié)構(gòu)（p398-399）這種比較不是在兩個人或兩個事物之間進行，而是描述同一個人或同一樣東西本身。譯為“更多的是…而不是，與其說是…不如說是…”Johnismore

hard-working

than

smart.與其說約翰聰明，不如說他學習用功。Tothem,musicismoreawayoflifethanjustaninterest.對他們而言，音樂更多的是一種生活方式而不僅僅是一種興趣。比較：1.Helenis____thanhersister.A.moreproud

B.proud

C.prouder

D.theproudest2.Helenis____thanvain(自負）.A.moreproud

B.proud

C.prouder

D.theproudest海倫更多的是自豪而不是自負。CAIthinkAliceis

______thanunfriendly.A.shy

B.shyerC.moreshyD.moreshyrather我認為Alice不是不友好，而是很害羞。Totalktoomuchissometimes______thanuseful.A.worse

B.badC.muchworse

D.morebad話太多有時候壞處勝于益處。CD4.morethan,lessthanMorethan800peopleattendedtheconcert.

(超過，多于）

I’mmorethangladtohelpyou.

Katewasmorethanateacher；sheisawriter,too.Thecoldwasmorethanthechildren

couldbear.(與情態(tài)動詞can連用，表否定之意，指“不是…所能…的”)(非常，=very)(不僅僅...=notonly）lessthan…Theyoungmanislessthantwentyyearsold.

lessthan+數(shù)詞，“不到…”“少于…”Theboyswerelessthanhappy

abouthavingaparty.

lessthan+adj.,“不太…”5.nolessthan,nomorethan至少來了一千人。Nolessthan1000peoplecame.Itspopulationisnolessthantwomillion.它的人口多達兩百萬。Heisnomorethan5yearsold.他只有5歲。nolessthan:至少...，多達…，強調(diào)多nomorethan:只有…，僅僅…,強調(diào)少6.比較級+and+比較級：越來越......譯：物價越來越高。故事變得越來越激動人心。我的家鄉(xiāng)越來越漂亮了。Thepricesaregettinghigherandhigher.Thestoryisbecomingmoreandmoreexciting.Myhometownbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.7.The+比較級...，the+比較級...:越......越......Thesooneryoustart,themorequicklyyou’llfinish.Themorethingsyouhad,themoreyouwanted.譯：人年紀越大越明智。跳得越高，你就摔得越狠。Theolderhegets,thewiserhebecomes.Thehigheryoujump,themoreheavilyyoufall.四、倍數(shù)的表達這棵樹的高度是那棵樹的三倍。1.倍數(shù)＋as…as結(jié)構(gòu)Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.2.倍數(shù)+比較級＋thanThistreeistwicetallerthanthatone.3.倍數(shù)+thesize（length，height…）ofThistreeisthreetimestheheightofthatone.變形：Theheightofthistreeisthreetimesthatofthatone.用以上四種方法翻譯下面兩句話：他的房間比我的房間大兩倍。這座橋?qū)捠悄亲鶚虻乃谋?。他的房間比我的房間大兩倍。Hishouseistwicebiggerthanmine.Hishouseisthreetimesasbigasmine.Hishouseisthreetimesthesizeofmine.Thesizeofhishouseisthreetimesthatofmine.這座橋?qū)捠悄亲鶚虻乃谋丁?.Thisbridgeisfourtimesaswideasthatone.2.Thisbridgeisthreetimeswiderthanthatone.3.Thisbridgeisfourtimesthewidthofthatone.4.Thewidthofthisbridgeis

fourtimesthatofthatone.4.倍數(shù)+more+名詞（可數(shù)，不可數(shù)）+than5.倍數(shù)+asmany（或much）+名詞+as他現(xiàn)在掙的錢比十年前掙的多5倍。Heearnsfivetimesmoremoneythanhedidtenyearsago.Heearnssixtimesasmuchmoneyashedidtenyearsago.我們班的學生