2022-2023年江蘇省連云港市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)

2022-2023年江蘇省連云港市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Sports

Manyanimalsengageinplay,buthomosapiensistheonlyanimaltohaveinventedsports.Sincesportsareaninvention,apartofcultureratherthananaspectofnature,alldefinitionsofsportsaresomewhatarbitrary.Whethersportsareahumanuniversalfoundineveryknowncultureoraphenomenonuniquetomodernsocietydependsuponone'sdefinitionofsports.Menandwomenhavealwaysrun,jumped,climbed,lifted,thrown,andwrestled,buttheyhavenotalwaysperformedthesephysicalactivitiescompetitively.Althoughallliteratesocietiesseemtohavecontestsofonesortoranotherinwhichmen,andsometimeswomen,competeindisplaysandtestsofphysicalskillandprowess,sportsmaybestrictlydefinedasphysicalcontestsperformedfortheirownsakeandnotforsomeulteriorend.Accordingtothisstrictdefinition,neitherNeolithic(新石器時(shí)代的)huntersnorcontestantsinreligiousceremoniessuchastheancientOlympicGameswereengagedinsports.Insistenceonthestipulationthatsportsmustbeperformedfortheirownsakemeanstheparadoxicaleliminationofmanyactivitieswhichareusuallythoughtofassports,suchasexercisesdoneforthesakeofcardiovascularfitness,racesruntosatisfyaphysicaleducationrequirement,ballgamesplayedtoearnapaycheck.Strictdefinitionalsomeansabandonmentofthetraditionalusageinwhich"sport",derivedfromMiddleEnglishdisporter,referstoanylightheartedrecreationalactivity.Inthemindsofsome18th-centuryaristocrats,agameofbackgammon(15子游戲)andtheseductionofamilkmaidwerebothconsideredgoodsport,butthisusageofthetermhasbecomearchaic.

Strictconceptualizationallowstheconstructionofanevolutionaryhistoryofsportsinwhichextrinsicpolitical,economic,military,andreligiousmotivationsdecreaseinimportanceasintrinsicmotivations—participationforitsownsake—increase.Thedisadvantage,however,isthatthedeterminationthatagivenactivityistrulyasportdependsontheanswertoapsychologicalquestion:Whatisthemotivationoftheparticipants?Thequestionofmotivationcannotbeansweredunambiguously.ItisprobablethatthecontestantsoftheancientOlympicGamesweremotivatedbytheintrinsicpleasureofthecontestaswellasbythereligiousimperativesofGreekcult.Itisalsoprobablethatmodernprofessionalathletesaremotivatedbymorethansimplyeconomicmotives.Thusmostscholarsassumequietlythatpopularusagecannotbecompletelywrongtorefer,forinstance,toU.S.professionalNationalFootballLeaguegamesassports.

Thepsychologicalaspectsofsportsaremoredifficulttoassessbecausefactorssuchasmotivationaremoredifficulttomeasurethanthesizeofaudienceortheamountofacontract.Thepsychologicalteststhathavebeenadministeredhaveproducedsuchawelterofcontradictoryresultsthatmanyspecialistsarereadytoabandontheattempttopinpointmotives.Somegeneralizations,however,seemtenable.Onthewhole,physicalfitnessandthedesireforsimplerelaxationseemtomotivatethosewhoshuncompetitivesportsinfavourofnoncompetitivephysicalactivitiessuchasjogging,hiking,recreationalswimming,andaerobics(althoughthedevelopmentofaerobicsconteststestifiestotheprotean(變化多端的)natureofthecompetitiveurge).Importanttothosewhochoosesportsisthechallengeofthecontest,theopportunitytotestone'sphysicalandmentalskillsagainstanotherperson,againstnature,oragainsttheabstractionofthesportsrecord.Thechoiceofonesportoveranotherdependsontheculturalavailabilityofthesport(fewLaotiansplaybaseball),onsocialgroup(fewtruckdriversownpoloponies),ongender(womenarenotsupposedtobox),andonindividualtemperament(somepeoplecannotenjoygolf).Thereisreasontobelievethatthedistinctionbetweenteamsports,whichemphasizeco

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Mostprobablytheword"intrusive"means______.

3.

Itwasnotuntil1947thatIndiabecame______.

4.

ThankstotheEuropeananti-GMfoodcampaign,anofficialstoppingofthegrowthandimportofGMcropswasresultedinEurope.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Self-esteem:theMythofFeelingGoodAboutOneself

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Noonewouldarguethatchildrenthrivewhentheyfeelrespected,important,andcaredforbyotherpersons,orthattheyfalterwhentheylacktheself-prideandself-confidencethataccompaniessuchapprovalandsupport.However,atthehandsofeducatorseagertoencouragelaggingpupils,amythhasdevelopedthatraisingyoungsters'self-esteemisasuremeansofimprovingtheirlevelsofachievementandsolvingmanyofthenation'ssocialills.

A1990report,forinstance,proposesthat"self-esteemisthelikeliestcandidatefora'socialvaccine',somethingthatempowersustoliveresponsiblyandthatkeepsusfromthelureofcrime,teenpregnancy,andeducationalfailure.Thelackofself-esteemiscentraltomorepersonalandsocialillsplaguingourstateandnationasweapproachtheendofthetwentiethcentury."

Bythe1960s,followingtheadventoftheself-actualizationtheoriesofpersonalgrowthespousedbypsychologistsAbrahamMaslowandCarlRogers,interestinenhancingself-esteemasapathtoaccomplishmentgotunderwayinthenation'sschools.Sincethen,dozensof"how-to"bookshavedescribedwaysforimprovingchildren'spositivefeelingaboutthemselves.Thetheoryissimple:Feelinggoodisanecessarypredecessorofaccomplishment.

Despiteitscurrentpopularity,questionscanberaisedabouttheassumptionsunderlyingtheself-esteemmovement.Forexample,whatbenefitdoesathird-gradergainintellingherself,"Iamsmart,""Iamagoodstudent,"—allformsofthe"affirmativelanguage"advocatedbyDouglasBlochinhisbookPositiveSelf-talkforChildren?

Doesitreallyenhancetheself-esteemofmembersofthefifth-gradebaseballteam—orimprovetheirathleticskill—wheneveryoneisawardedatrophy,despitethefactthattheteamdidnotshownoticeableimprovementthroughouttheseason?Whateffectwillthishaveonnextyear'seffortswhenthisrecordofperformanceendswithapparentapprovalandsatisfaction?Countlessstatisticsandsurveyshavehadaunanimous(一致的)result:nothingischanged,andthedaysgoonthesameasever.

Peopleareeagertopraisethetoddlerforafewtentativestepsandthetwo-year-oldforsimplyattemptingtomatchform.withholeinapuzzleboard.Self-esteemisheightenedintheyoungchildthroughsuchloveandapproval.Olderkids,though,arefoxyanalystsandknowwhenperformancemeritspraiseandwhenitdoesnot.Repeatingindiscriminatepraiseoracclaimingminimalaccomplishmentsruntheriskoftransformingpositiveresponseintomeaninglessflattery(恭維).

Self-esteemtheoristsappeartohaveitbackwards.Meaningfulself-evaluationandpositiveself-esteemusuallyaretheresults,nottheprerequisites(前提),ofaccomplishment.Praiseisjustonesourceoffeedback;self-esteemmoreoftencomesfromanawarenessthattherequirementsofasought-aftergoalhavebeenmastered.Acquiringtheknowledgeandskillsthatenableachildtomakeprogresstowardsuchgoalsisanecessarybasisfordevelopinghealthy,realisticself-esteem.

SportsareanarenainwhichAmericansgenerallyhavelittlereluctancetorequirehardworkandpersistence.Coachesdonothesitatetopointouterrorsandmistakes.Children'sself-esteemdoesnotappeartosufferwhentheyaretoldthattheyneedtopracticemoreandconcentrateonthetaskathand.Theusualeffectisrenewedefforttowork,practice,andlearn.

In

A.elegantB.ignorantC.successfulD.lonely

6.The2-year-longstudyispresentedinthepassagemainlytoshowthatstressmanagementprograms______.

A.costlittle

B.costmuch

C.benefittheemployers

D.benefittheemployees

7.

Thewell-knownRoyalMileinEdinburghis______.

A.acityB.acastleC.apalaceD.aroad

8.

Thesymptomsofinfluenzaarequitesimilartothoseofother______.

9.

WhenisthebesttimetotakethenewerSATII’sAmericanhistory?

A.Afterseveralyearsofstudy.

B.Immediatelywhenyoufinishthecourse,

C.Whenyouhavealargeinformationsource.

D.Rightafteraholidaywhenyourmindisrefreshed.

10.

Accordingtosomeresearchers,______inthebodycangiverisetocertainmentalchanges.

11.

Besidesmakingbuildingsandworksofart,Mayasachievedgreataccomplishmentson______.

12.

Tohaveempoweringthoughts,whatshouldyoudofirst?

A.Totrytotakepositivesteps.

B.Tobewillingtomakeaswitch.

C.Tobeclearaboutyourinnerthoughts.

D.Tobereadyforhurtandanger.

13.

Mr.Bellavance,wasalwaysoptimisticduringtheperiodofunemployment.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Accordingtotheauthor'sprediction,thewebwillbeasmuchawayoflifeasthecarby2008.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.Brightcoveprofitsbymakinguseofmediafirms'wishto______.

16.

Cropinsurancecannotbeprovidedbyinsurancecompaniesbecause______doesnotworkinthiscase.

17.

Inordertoensureoptimalproductivitywithoutincreasingyourhours,youshoulddotimelogging_______.

18.

Anytwonetworksinpiconetsisunlikelytobeonthesamefrequencysimultaneouslybecauseeachnetworkischangingits______thousandsoftimesasecond.

19.Ithasbeenprovedthatthegeodesicdomeis______humanshelter.

20.

reductioninpesticideusehasbeenreported.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(43)

22.【B3】

23.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

OneofthebasicingredientsofAmericanpopularcultureisconsumption,anditistheadvertisingindustrythatmakesmassconsumptionpossible.Advertisingsellsus【B1】______,beauty,youth,fashion,happiness,success,statusand【B2】______.WhenCalvinKlein,forexample,advertisesbluejeans,heissellingussex【B3】______,notjeans.PolosellsusfashionstatusandMillerbeeroffersusmacho(男子的)goodtimes.

Researchhasshownthattheaverageadultcanbe【B4】______to500advertisementseachdayfromradio,television,newspapersandmagazines.

In1987$109billionwasspentonadvertisingintheUnitedStatesandthese【B5】______aregrowingatafasterratethanthe【B6】______nationalproduct.Althoughadvertisingcostsare【B7】______ontocustomers,advertisingcanalsosaveconsumers'moneyby【B8】______morecustomerstomanufacturers,thusmakingpossiblemassproductionandmassconsumption,whichleadstolowerprices.Colortelevisionsets,forexample,cost$800to$1,000whentheyfirstwentonthemarketinthelater1950s,but【B9】______.

Advertisingisanimportantelementofourculturebecauseitreflectsandattemptstochangeourlifestyles.【B10】______.

Itisestimatedthat,bythetimeapersonraisedintheUnitedStatesreachestheageof21,heorshehasbeenexposedto1millionto2millionadvertisements.【B11】.ItinfluencesourchoicetowearReebokrunningshoes,brushourteethwithCrest,andfeedourcatsFancyFeast.

【B1】

24.聽力原文：M:I'dlikethesepantstobecleanedandpressed.CouldIhavethembySaturday?

W:Yes,thatwillbefine.

Q:Whereistheconversationprobablytakeplace?

(17)

A.Shesawanailintheman'stire.

B.Themanshouldn'tdriveonthetire.

C.Themanmaynotneedanewtire.

D.Shealsoneedsairinhertires.

25.

【B11】

26.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Thesocialeffectsofjob-sharingarelikelytobebeneficial,sinceitattemptstomatchworkopportunitiestoawidervarietyoflifestyles.Thecombinationofonefull-timeandonepart-timespousemightbecomemuchmorecommon：whichwasthehusbandandwhichwasthewifewouldvaryaccordingtotaste，timeoflifeandcareerrequirements.

Whatexactlyisjob-sharing?TheEqualOpportunitiesCommissiondefinesitas“aform.ofpart-timeemploymentwheretwopeoplevoluntarilysharetheresponsibilityofonefull-timeposition.”Salaryandbenefitsaredividedbetweenthetwosharers.Eachperson'stermsandconditionsofemploymentarethesameasthoseofafull-timer.Ifeachworksatleast15hoursaweek,thentheyenjoycertainemploymentrightsthatordinarypart-timeworkersdonothave.

Part-timersusuallyearnlessperhourthanafull-timer,andhavefewerbenefitsandlessjobsecurity.Theyhavevirtuallynocareerprospects.Employersoftenthinkthatworkingpart-timemeanshatapersonhasnoambitionsandsooffernochanceofpromotion.

Butjob-sharingbridgesthatgapandoffersthechanceofinterestingworktopeoplewhocanonlyworkpart-timeandthatdoesnotmeanjustmarriedwomen.AsAdrienneBroyleof“NewWaystoWork”—formerlytheLondonJob-sharingProjectpointsout：“Therearevariousreasonswhypeopledecidetheywanttojob-shareandsohavemorefreetime”.

“Agrowingnumberofmenwanttojob-sharesothattheycanplayanactiveroleinbringinguptheirchildren.Itallowspeopletostudyathomeintheirfreetime，andmeansthatdisabledpeopleofthosewhootherwisestayathometolookafterthem,canwork.Job-sharingisalsoanidealwayforpeopletoeaseintoretirement”.

Thesocialeffectsofjob-sharingarelikelytobebeneficial,sinceitattemptstomatchworkopportunitiestoawidervarietyoflifestyles.The【B1】______ofonefull-timeandonepart-timespousemightbecomemuchmorecommon：whichwasthehusbandandwhichwasthewifewould【B2】______accordingtotaste，timeoflifeandcareerrequirements.

Whatexactlyisjob-sharing?TheEqualOpportunitiesCommission【B3】______itas“aform.ofpart-timeemploymentwheretwopeople【B4】______sharetheresponsibilityofonefull-timeposition.”Salaryandbenefitsare【B5】______betweenthetwosharers.Eachperson'stermsandconditionsofemploymentarethesameasthoseofafull-timer.Ifeachworksatleast15hoursaweek,thentheyenjoycertain【B6】______rightsthatordinarypart-timeworkersdonothave.

Part-timersusuallyearnlessperhourthanafull-timer,andhavefewerbenefitsandlessjob【B7】______.Theyhavevirtuallynocareerprospects.Employersoftenthinkthatworkingpart-time【B8】______thatapersonhasnoambitionsandsooffernochanceofpromotion.

【B9】______andthatdoesnotmeanjustmarriedwomen.AsAdrienneBroyleof“NewWaystoWork”—formerlytheLondonJob-sharingProjectpointsout：“【B10】______”.

“Agrowingnumberofmenwanttojob-sharesothattheycanplayanactiveroleinbringinguptheirchildren.Itallowspeopletostudyathomeintheirfreetime，【B11】______.Job-sharingisalsoanidealwayforpeopletoeaseintoretirement”.

【B1】

27.(34)

A.It'sakindofdancemusic.

B.Itiswithsteadyrhythm.

C.Itisslow.

D.Someoftherhythmsitusesareirregular.

28.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Investmentinthepublicsector,suchaselectricity,irrigation,publicservicesandtransportincreasedbyabout10%,althoughtheemphasismovedtothetransportandawayfromtheothersectorsmentioned.Tradeandservicesrecordeda16%to17%investmentgrowth,includinga30%increaseininvestmentinbusinesspremises.Industrialinvestmentisestimatedtohaverisenby8%.Althoughtheshareofagricultureintotalgrossinvestmentintheeconomycontinuedtodecline,investmentgrewby9%inabsoluteterms,largelyspurredonbya23%expansionofinvestmentinagriculturalequipment.Housingconstructionhad12%moreinvestedinitin1964,notsomuchowingtoincreaseddemand,astofearsofnewtaxesandlimitationofbuilding.

Totalconsumptioninrealtermsrosebycloseon11%during1964,andpercapitapersonalconsumptionbyunder7%,asin1963.Theundesirabletrendtowardsarapidriseinconsumption,evidentinpreviousyears,remainedunaltered.Sinceatcurrentpricesconsumptionroseby16%anddisposableincomeby14%,therewasevidentlyafallintherateofsavingintheprivatesectoroftheeconomy.Onceagainconsumptionpatternsindicatedaswiftadvanceinthestandardofliving.Expenditureonfooddeclinedinsignificance,althoughconsumptionoffruitincreased.Spendingonfurnitureandhouseholdequipment,health,educationandrecreationcontinuedtoincrease.Thegreatestproofofalteredlivingstandardswastherapidexpansionofexpenditureontransportandprivateservicesofallkinds,whichoccurredduring1964.Theprogressivewealthoflargesectorsofthepublicwasdemonstratedbythechangingcompositionofdurablegoodspurchased.Saturationpointwasrapidlybeingapproachedforitemssuchasthefirsthouseholdradio,gascookers,andelectricrefrigerators,whereasincreasingpurchasesofautomobilesandtelevisionsetswereregistered.

30.Whydoesthespeakerthinkthatthetrendtowardsarapidriseinconsumptionwasundesirable?

31.Inwhatrespectdidexpenditureincreaseaccordingtothepassage?

32.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheincreaseoffruitconsumption?

(27)

A.Itmadepeoplesavelessmoney.

B.Itincreasedthenumberofthepoor.

C.Itmadepeopleconsumeless.

D.Itencouragedluxuryconsumption.

29.(32)

A.Neighborsshouldhelpeachother.

B.Womenshouldhavetheirowncareers.

C.Manandwifeshouldsharehouseholdduties.

D.Parentsshouldtakegoodcareoftheirchildren.

30.(46)

31.(36)

A.Heignoredanydemandfromthecouple.

B.Hesatisfiedthecouplewithgreatenthusiasmandpatience.

C.Hepersuadedthecoupletoleavebyofferingalotofbenefits.

D.Hechargedthecoupletwicethepriceofthestandard.

32.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Inabout45years,temperaturesonEarthwillbehotterthanatanytimeduringthepastonemillionyears,saystheU.S.【B1】______topclimatologistinanewreport【B2】______today.

Accordingtothereport,publishedinthe【B3】______oftheNationalAcademyofSciences,theplanetisjusttwodegreesshyofan【B4】______temperatureof59degreesFahrenheit,whichiswhatthey【B5】______thetemperaturewasaboutamillionyearsago.

NASA'sJamesHansen,alongwith【B6】______fromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandColumbiaUniversity,areforthefirsttime,markinga【B7】______signalingtheapproachoftemperaturesthathumanshavenever【B8】______"HumansarenowincontroloftheEarth'sclimate,forbetterorworse,"Hansensays.

【B9】______.

Whatthattemperaturechangemeansisthatbymid-century,theworldwillexperienceevenmorerecordheatwaves,wildfires,moreintensestormsandflooding.Inotherpartsoftheworld,【B10】______.

Hansenstresseswecan'twaitthatlongtocutgreenhousegaspollution,becauseofthedecadesittakesfortheclimatesystemtorespondtochanges.【B11】______.

【B1】

33.(29)

A.None.B.Two.C.Three.D.Morethanthree.

34.聽力原文：W:IhopeyoulikethefictionIlentyou.Iwasn'tsurewhetheritwasthekindofbookyouwouldbeinterestedin.

M:Yonknow,Ihadthesamedoubtatfirst.ButonceIstartedIsimplycouldn'tputitdown.

Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.Heforgotwherehehadputthebook.

B.Hedoubtedwhetherhewouldfinishreadingthebook.

C.Hefoundthebooktoosimple.

D.Hewasfascinatedbythebook

35.聽力原文：M:Operator,I'mtryingtocall8324,531.ButIcouldn'tgetthroughanditwasinserviceonlyanhourago.

W:Iamsorry,butthatnumberisnolongerinservice.

Q:Whyisthemannotsatisfiedwiththeoperator'sexplanation?

(19)

A.Hecompletedacalltothatnumberonlyashorttimeago.

B.Hebelievestheoperatorcannothearhim.

C.Hebelievestheoperatordoesnotwanthimtomakethecall.

D.Hethinksthatthenumbermusthavebeenchanged.

36.(47)

37.(31)

A.Byturningtheintensityofsunshineintomaps.

B.Byanalyzingtherecentweatherreport.

C.Bycapturingthemicrowaveradiationfromrtesoil.

D.Byanalyzinginformationprovidedbygroundobservationcenters.

38.聽力原文：W：I'mgoingtotakeabloodtestat7:45tomorrowmorning.

M：Inthatcase,youwon'tmissanycoursetomorrowmorningthen.

Q：Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Thewomanwillattendhercourseat7:45.

B.Thewomanwillbelateforthebloodtest.

C.Thewomanwillhaveherbloodtestedbeforethefirstclass.

D.Thewomandecidestomissthefirstclassforherbloodtest.

39.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Howdoyoupreserveyourfood?Let'stakeadiscussion.Someonewillsay,putitintherefrigerator.Andaskaquestion,beforeweinventedtherefrigerator,inwhichwaycouldwekeepthefoodlongerorwesayifwedidn'thavetherefrigerator,inwhatcontainerorsomeplacetokeepthefood?Sothinkaboutitmoreanddeeply.

Thesearchforwaysofpreservingfoodsisnotnew.Earlymanlearnedthathecouldmakefoodslastbydryingthem.(26)TheIndians,forinstance,hungdeermeatinthesun.Thegreatestadvancebeganin1800when(27)aFrenchmandiscoveredthathecouldpreservecertainfoodsbysealingtheminjarsandkeepingtheairfromthem.Theprocesswasthebeginningofthevastcanningindustry,whichbringsusavarietyoffoodsinallseasons.Fruitsareoftenpreservedbydrying.Theuseofchemicalsisanothermethod,andsomefoodsarecookedwithsugar.Butrecently,themethodofpreservingfoodbyfreezinghasgrowntremendously,andmorefoodsthaneverbeforearenowbeingprocessedbyfreezing.

Andnowadaysweusuallykeepitintherefrigerator,andevendidn'tknowtheotherorformermethods.Maybewecouldtrysomeothernewwaystohandlethisproblem.Withthedevelopingsociety,andthedevelopingtechnology,thebetterwethinkof,thebetterlifeweget.(28)Foodkeepingissoimportantinourdallylifeandeveryoneneedstoeat.Howtodealwiththeleftone?Justthrowitawayiswastingandmaybeyouwanttoeatsomeday.Soweshouldthinkthecrediblewaytohandleit.

(27)

A.Theyhungmeatinthesun.

B.Theycookedmeatwithsalt.

C.Theykeptmeatunderground.

D.Theypreservedmeatwithice.

40.

【B7】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsforreducingtheeffectsofextremeheat.Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbtheSun'srays.Desertmammalsalsodepartfromthenormalmammalianpracticeofmaintainingaconstantbodytemperature.Insteadoftryingtokeepdownthebodytemperaturedeepinsidethebody,whichwouldinvolvetheexpenditureofwaterandenergy,desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight,andtemperaturesashighas46degreesCelsiushavebeenmeasuredinGrant'sgazelles.Theoverheatedbodythencoolsdownduringthecolddesertnight,andindeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel.Thisisanadvantagesincetheheatofthefirstfewhoursofdaylightisabsorbedinwarmingupthebody,andanexcessivebuildupofheatdoesnotbeginuntilwellintotheday.

Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals.Thecamelcanloseupto30percentofitsbodyweightaswaterwithoutharmtoitself,whereashumanbeingsdieafterlosingonly12to13percentoftheirbodyweight.Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenish(Sheik)thiswaterlossatonedrink.Desertanimalscandrinkhugevolumesinashorttime,andcamelshavebeenknowntoimbibe(吸收)over100litersinafewminutes.Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication.Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures.Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated,itisacommonexperienceinpeoplethatappetiteislostevenunderconditionsofmoderatethirst.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Animalsdevelopeddifferentstrategiestosurvive.

B.Largeanimalscantakestrategiestoreducetheeffectofextremeheat.

C.Animalscantoleratethelossofbodywater.

D.Averydehydratedpersoncandrinkenoughwatertorehydrate.

42