2011年6月四級英語真題及答案詳解

betterqualityingredientsbutremainingtruetoBritishtraditionalandTamlynisinthesecondcamp."Weselectourfoodveryparticulary.WeuseUSbeef,NewZealandlambandforourcustards(牛奶蛋糊)weuseBird'sCustardPowderTamlynsays."Somerestaurantsgoforcustardmadefreshwitheggs,sugarandcreambutBritishcustardisdifferentandwestaytruetothat."MatthewHill,seniormanageratthetwo-year-oldSoHorestaurantYorkshirePudding,alsousesbetteringredientsasameansofimprovingdishes"TherearealotofexistingperceptionsaboutBritishfoodandsowecan'talterthesetoomuch.We'reatraditionalBritishrestaurantsotherearesomestaples(主菜willremainessentiallyThesetraditionaldishesincludefishandchips,steakandkidneypieandlargepiecesofroastedmeats.AtAlfie's,thenewestoftheBritishrestaurantsintownandperhapsthemostgentlemen'sclub-likeindesign,NeilTomesexinshispassionforprovenance(原產(chǎn)地)."Britainhasstartedto ereallyproudofthefoodit'sproducing.Ithasexcellentorganicfarms,beautifullycraftedcheeses,high-qualitymeats."However,theBritishdon'thaveahistoryofexportingtheirfoodstuffs,whichmakesitdifficultforrestaurantsinHongKongtosourceauthenticingredients."WecangetalotofouringredientsonceaweekfromtheUK,"Tamlynexins."Butthereisalsopressuretobuylocalandsaveonfood,whichmeanswetakeourvegetablesfromthelocalmarkets,andtherearealotthatworkwellwithBritishstaples."ThePhoenix,inMid-Levels,offersthewidestinterpretationof"Britishcuisine",whilestilltryingtomaintainitssoul.Thegastro-pubhasexistedinvariouslocationsinHongKongsince2002.SingaporeanheadchefTommyTehKumChaioffersdailyspecialsonablackboard,ratherthanstickingtoa.ThisenableshimtoreinterpretBritishcuisinedependingonwhatisavailableinthelocalmarkets."Weusealotofingredientsthatpeoplewouldn'tperhapsassociateasBritish,butarepresentedinaBritishway.Bellpeppersstuffedwithcouscous,alongsideratatouille,isaverypopulardish."Althoughtheingredientsmaynotstrikedinersasbeingtraditional,theycanbefoundindishesacrossEventhetraditionalchefsareawareoftheneedtoadapttolocaltastesandcustoms,whilemaintainingtheBrutishnessoftheircuisine.AtYorkshirePudding,Hillsaysthathisstaffasksdinerswhethertheywouldliketosharetheirmeals.Smalldishes,sharedmealsand"mixingitup"isnotsomethingcommonlydoneinBritain,butYorkshirePuddingwillbringfulldishedtothetableandofferindividualtesforeachdinner."Thatway,peoplestillgetthepresentationofthedishesastheyweredesigned,butcancarvethemuphowevertheylike,"HillThispracticeisalsopopularatThePawn,althoughlargelyforrotisseries(烤肉館),Tamlyn"SometableswillarriveonSunday,orderawholechickenandashoulderoflamborababypig,andjuststayforhoursenjoyingeverythingwebringoutforthem."SomeBritishtraditionsaretoosacred(神圣的tomesswith,howeverTomessays.I'dneverafullEnglishWhatisBritishfoodgenerallyknownItsunique B)ItsbadC)Itsspecialcooking D)ItsorganicTheSecondWorldWarledto inaninadequatesupplyof B)adecreaseofgrainC)anincreaseinfood D)achangeinpeople'seatingWhycouldn'tBritaincompetewithsomeofitsneighboringcountriesintermsoffoodinthepost-Itsfoodlacked B)ItspeoplecaredmoreforC)Itwasshortofwell-trained D)Itdidn'thaveflavorfulfoodWithculinaryimprovementinrecentyears,London'srestaurantsarenowabletoappealtothetastes mostyoung B)elderlyBritishC)allkindsofoverseas D)upper-classWhatdoHongKong e,accordingtoWelshexecutivechefDavidAuthenticclassic B)LocallyproducedC)Newideasand D)Thereturnofhome-styleWhileusingqualityingredients,DavidTamlyninsiststhatthedishesshould benefitpeople's B)lookbeautifulandC)beofferedatreasonable D)maintainBritishtraditionalWhydoesNeilTomessayhelovesfoodingredientsfromTheyappealtopeoplefromalloverthe B)TheyareproducedonexcellentorganicC)Theyareprocessedinascientific D)TheycomeinagreatTamlynsaysthatbesidesimportingingredientsfromBritainonceaweek,hisrestaurantalsobuysvegetablesfrom ThePhoenixinMid-LevelsmaynotuseBritishingredients,butpresentsitsdishes YorkshirePuddingisarestaurantwhichwillbringfulldishestothetablebutoffertestothosedinerswhowouldliketo PartIII ListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.A)HeiscarelessabouthisHeisashamedofhispresentHechangesjobsHeshaveseveryotherA)JanemaybecaughtinatrafficJaneshouldhavestartedalittleHeknowswhatsort JaneHeisirritatedathavingtowaitforA)TrainingfortheMid-AtlanticMakingpreparationsforatrans-AtlanticCollectinginformationaboutbaseballyzingtheirrivals'on-fieldA)HehadanarrowescapeinacarHeishospitalizedforaseriousHelosthismothertwoweeksHehasbeenhavingahardA)ThewomanhasknownthespeakerforalongThemanhaddifficultyunderstandingtheThemanismakingafussaboutThewomanthinkshighlyoftheA)HehasdifficultymakingsenseofStatisticsandlogicarebothchallengingThewomanshouldseekhelpfromthetutoringTutoringservicesareverypopularwithA)HerovercoatisasstylishasJillmissedherclasslastJillworetheovercoatlastSheisinthesameclassastheA)AcomputerAnimaginaryAnexcitingAvacationbytheQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)BeautifulsceneryintheDangersofcross-countryPainandpleasureinAsportheparticipatesA)Hecan'tfindgoodexamplestoillustratehisHecan'tfindapeacefulcetodotheHedoesn'tknowhowtodescribethebeautifulcountryHecan'tdecidewhethertoincludetheeffortpartofA)NewideascomeupasyouMuchtimeisspentoncollectingAlotofeffortismadeinThewriter'spointofviewoftenQuestions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)JournalistofalocalDirectorofeveningradioProducer evisionHostessoftheweekly"BusinessA)Heranthreerestaurantswithhiswife'sHeandhiswifedideverythingbyHeworkedbothasacookandaHehiredacookandtwolocalA)HehardlyneedstodoanyadvertisingHeadvertisesalotonradioandinHespendshugesumsonTVcommercialseveryHehireschildrentodistributeadsinshopA)TherestaurantTherestaurantThefoodThefoodSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageA)ItsprotectionisoftenneglectedbyItcannotbefullyrestoredonceTherearemanyfalsenotionsaboutTherearevariouswaystoprotectA)ItmaymakethewearerfeelItwillgraduallyweakentheeyesofItcanleadtothelossofvisioninItcanpermanentlychangetheeyeA)ItcanneverbedonewithhighItisthebestwaytorestoredamagedItisamajorachievementineyeItcanonlybe plishedPassageA)TheythinktheyshouldfollowthecurrentNursinghomesarewell-equippedandAdultday-carecentersareeasilyTheyhavejobsandotherA)Theydon'twanttouseupalltheirlifeTheyfeartheywillregretitTheywouldliketospendmoretimewithTheydon'twanttoseetheirhusbandspoorlyA)ProvideprofessionalstandardBefrankandseekhelpfromBeaffectionateandMakeuseofcommunityPassageA)HealthandsafetyconditionsintheworkRightsandresponsibilities CommoncomintsmadebyofficesbetweenlaborandA)Receitsout-datedImprovethewelfareofaffectedFollow ernmentregulationsProvideextrahealthA)TheyrequestedtotransfertoasaferTheyquitworktoprotecttheirunbornTheysoughthelpfromunionTheywantedtoworkshorterA)ToshowhowtheylovewinterToattracttheattentionfromtheToprotectagainstthepoorworkingToprotectthemselvesagainstthecoldSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Contrarytotheoldwarningthattimewaitsfornoone,timeslowsdownwhenyouareonthemove.Italsoslowsdownmoreasyoumovefaster,whichmeansastronauts(宇航員)somedaymay(36) solonginspacethattheywouldreturntoanEarthofthe(37) future.Ifyoucouldmoveatthespeedoflight,yourtimewouldstandstill.Ifyoucouldmovefasterthanlight,yourtimewouldmove Althoughnoformofmatteryet(39) movesasfastasorfasterthanlight,(40) experimentshavealreadyconfirmedthataccelerated(41) causesatraveler'stimetobestretched.AlbertEinstein(42) thisin1905,whenhe(43) theconceptofrelativetimeaspartofhisSpecialTheoryofRelativity.Asearchisnowunderwaytoconfirmtheedexistenceofparticlesofmatter(44) obsession(沉迷)with .Humanityalsohasbeenobsessedwithtryingtocapturethemeaningoftime.Einstein(46) .Thus,timeandtime'srelativityaremeasurablebyanyhourglass,alarmclock,oranatomicclockthatcanmeasureabillionthofasecond.PartⅣ ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Thepopularnotionthatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungeradultsisamyth,scientistssaidWhileelderlypeople47tosleepforfewerhoursthantheydidwhentheywereyounger,thishasa(n)48effectontheirbrain'sperformanceandtheywouldbenefitfromgettingmore,accordingtoSeanDrummond,apsychiatrist心理醫(yī)生attheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegosaidthatpeoplearemorelikelytosufferfrombrokensleep,whileyoungerpeoplearebetteratsleestraightthroughtheMoresleepinoldage,however,is withbetterhealth,andmostolderpeoplewouldfeelbetterandmore iftheysleptforlongerperiods,hesaid."Theabilitytosleepinonechunk整塊時間overnightgoesdownasweagebuttheamountofweneedto welldoesnotchange,"DrDrummondtoldtheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScienceconferenceinSanDiego. amyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleep.Themorehealthyanolderadultis,themoretheysleepliketheydidwhenthey .Ourdatasuggeststhatolderadultswouldbenefit togetasmuchsleepastheydidintheir30s.That's ,buttheamountofsleepwehadat35isprobablythesameamountweneedat75."A)B)C)D)E)F)K)yG)L)H)M)I)N)J)O)SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageSeveralrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly(隨機地)assignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihood(可能性)of Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudiceandcompelstudentstoengageinmoreethnicallydiversefriendships.AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.ResearchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialInaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamRoakye-theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor-saidthat"ifyou'resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove."ResearchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracialstudentsinAccordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracearemorelikelytoexperiencessostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.AnnaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings."Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshavein cted,andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,"shesaid.AtPenn,studentsarenotaskedtoindicateracewhenapplyingfor"Oneofthegreatthingsaboutfreshmanhousingisthat,withsomeexceptions,theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,"saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley."Thisisthedefinitionof"I'veexperiencedroommatesbetweeninterracialstudentsthathavebothbrokendownstereotypesandreindstereotypes,"saidonePennresidentadvisor(RATheRAoftwoyearsaddedthatwhilesomes"providedmoremulticulturalacceptanceandmelding(融合),"therewerealso"jarringculturals."TheRAsaidthattheseshavealsooccurredamongroommatesofthesameKaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiesandexWhatcanwelearnfromsomerecentsbetweenstudiesofdifferentracesareStudentsofdifferentracesareprejudicedagainsteachInterraciallodgingdoesmoreharmthanInterraciallodgingmayhave WhatdoesSamBoakye'sremarkWhitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackBlackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersBlackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthefreshmanBeingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertoWhatdoes nsUniverisitystudyInterracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallFewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackRoommatesofdifferentracesjustdon'tgetAssigningstudents'lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodWhatdoesAlecWebleyconsidertobethe"definitionofStudentsofdifferentracesarerequiredtoshareInterraciallodgingisarrangedbytheschoolforLodgingisassignedtostudentsofdifferentraceswithoutTheschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtoWhatdoesGraceKaosayaboutinterracialItisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurtherSchoolsshouldbecautiouswhenmakingdecisionsaboutstudentStudents'racialbackgroundshouldbeconsideredbeforelodgingisExperiencedresidentadvisorsshouldbeassignedtohandlethePassageGlobalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,yzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)andheat-relatedhealthproblems.Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.RogerPielkeJrapoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulderwhostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum'sreportwas"amethodologicalembarrassment"becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohumandrivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerable(易受的)regions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat"climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention."Butthereport,hesaid,"willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed(有瑕However,SorenAnderasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazards,whilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trapgases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianGlobaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicRatesofdeathfromillnesshaverisenduetoglobalMalnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorEconomictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturalWhatdowelearnabouttheForum'sreportfromtheItwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskItarousedalotofinterestinthescientificItwaswarmlyreceivedbyItcausedabigstirindeveloWhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum'sItsstatisticslookItisinvalidintermsofItdeservesourclosestItsconclusionispurposelyWhatisSorenAndreasen'sviewoftheItsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollectedItisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenItsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldWhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenHowrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalHowhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbeHowemissionsofheat-trapgasescanbereducedonaglobalHowrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatePartⅤCloze(15Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentreWhenitcomestoeatingamartforyourheart,stopthinkingaboutshort-termfixesandsimplifyyourlifewithastraightforwardapproachthatwillserveyouwellforyearstocome.Smarteatinggoesbeyondyzingeverybiteoffoodyoulift67yourmouth."Inthepastweusedtobelievethat68amountsofindividualnutrients(營養(yǎng)物)werethe69togoodhealth,"saysLindaVanHorn,chairoftheAmericanHeartAssociation'sNutritionCommitteeButnowwehavea70understandingofhealthyeatingandthekindsoffoodnecessaryto71notonlyheartdiseasebutdisease72general,"sheadds.Scientistsnow73onthebroaderpictureofthebalanceoffoodeaten74severaldaysoraweek75thanonthenumberofmilligrams(毫克)ofthisorthat76ateachmeal.Fruits,vegetablesandwholegrains,forexample,providenutrientsandnt-basedcompounds77forgoodhealth.Themorewelearn,themore78wearebythewealthofessentialsubstancesthey79,"VanHorncontinues,"andhowthey80witheachothertokeepushealthy."You'llautomaticallybe81therightheart-healthytrackifvegetables,fruitsandwholegrainsmake82threequartersofthefoodonyourdinnerte.83intherestaurantonequarterwithleanmeatorchicken,fishoreggs.Thefoodsyouchoosetoeataswellasthoseyouchooseto84clearlycontributetoyourwell-being.Withouta85,eachofthesmalldecisionsyoumakeinthisrealmcanmakeabig86onyourhealthintheyearstocome.A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D)A) B) C) D) B) C) D)PartVITranslation(5The didnotapprovetheregulation, Janeistiredofdealingwithcustomercomintsandwishesthatshe Johnrescuedthedrowningchild (冒著自己生命Georgecalledhisbossfromtheairportbutit Althoughhewasinterestedinphilosophy, majoringinlaw.答案：PartIWritingPart ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandB.Itsbad 2.A.aninadequatesupplyof3.B.Itspeoplecar