英語語法填空解題技巧

語法(yǔfǎ)填空

解題技巧

第二組第一座

開始第一頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。1

.語法(yǔfǎ)填空題—空格設(shè)計(jì)純空格(kōnɡɡé)有提示(tíshì)詞給出了動(dòng)詞的試題詞類詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題謂語動(dòng)詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞,詞類轉(zhuǎn)換名詞，形容詞，副詞，形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)介詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)助動(dòng)詞等第二頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。2有提示詞的語法填空一、給出了動(dòng)詞(dòngcí)的試題的解題技巧第三頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。3〔一〕句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但需填的詞與已存在謂語主語一致，且中間有并列或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞時(shí)，需填的詞那么是謂語動(dòng)詞,就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后(zhānqiángùhòu)，同時(shí)還要兼顧主謂一致，虛擬語氣。例1.……Thefirstcard____________(design)byJ.C.Horsleyasacommercialendeavor〔努力(nǔlì)〕.wasdesigned第四頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。4例2.Nobodyknowswhat_____________________(happen)ifshehadrefusedtopay.wouldhavehappened例3.Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildren__________(play)withjoyousabandon.played第五頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。5例4.Theinternationalagreement,intendedtoencouragechildrennottosmokeand___________(help)peoplekickthehabit,____________(sign)onFebruary27lastsummer.helpwassigned第六頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。6〔二〕：假設(shè)(jiǎshè)句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。假設(shè)(jiǎshè)是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用doing形式，done形式，還是todo形式。非謂語的形式一定要考慮它與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系。第七頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。7例5.……butitisnotenoughonly______________(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.tomemorize例6.……_________(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary……Speaking技巧1：作主語或賓語時(shí)，通常用doing/beingdone形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況；用todo/tobedone形式表示具體情況或?qū)?jiānglái)；用havingdone/havingbeendone表示已發(fā)生。第八頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。8例7.……____________(complet)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.Tocomplete例9.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_____________(success).tosucceed技巧2：作目的(mùdì)狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用todo形式。例8.Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould______(pass)theexaminations.topass第九頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。9例10.Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:“Thenightwilllbeverydark.〞例11.Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________(follow)bytheforeignguests.saying技巧3：分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語，條件狀語等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定(quèdìng)形式。與句中主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系使用現(xiàn)在分詞；與句中主語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系使用過去分詞。followed第十頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。10例12.At9:07pm,Sept.25,TheShenzhouVIIspacecraftwasliftedbythelongMarchⅡ-Fcarrierrocketintospace.ThelaunchoftheShenzhouVIIisChina’sthirdmannedspaceventuresinceOctober23,whenitjoinedRussiaandtheUnitedStatesastheonlycountries_____________(send)astronautsitnospace.技巧5：名詞前有first,second,…last,only修飾時(shí)，后面(hòumian)要用todo/tohavedone做后置定語。tohavesenttheonly第十一頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。11例13.Mr.Greenwasdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad______〔repair〕gowrongagain.技巧6：固定(gùdìng)結(jié)構(gòu)如：havesth.done,thewaytodo等。repaired例14.Canyoutellmethewayyouthoughtof___________(work)outtheproblem.towork第十二頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。12穩(wěn)固(wěngù)練習(xí)Peter___________(leave)forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_____________(repair)atthegarage.Iwentdownthere,________(pay)mypennyandgotareceipt.paidisbeingrepairedhadleft第十三頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。134.Mypupils,________(include)Donnie,adoredher.5.Itremains__________(see)whetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.tobeseenincluding第十四頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。14〔三〕詞類(cílèi)轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧第十五頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。15

[例1]Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.[例2]Ina__________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto…[例3]Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents__________(interest)inthesubject.silent技巧(jìqiǎo)1：作表語、定語或補(bǔ)語，通常用形容詞形式。dangerousinterested詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(zhuǎnhuàn)題要先確定所要填的單詞在句中的成分。第十六頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。16

[例4]WhenChina’sancientscientificandtechnological______________(achieve)arementioned,thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions.[例5]…instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith_______________(inform)inthereading…[例6]Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.achievementsinformationoperation技巧2：作主語，或在及物動(dòng)詞(jíwùdònɡcí)或介詞后作賓語，用名詞形式。技巧3：在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者(huòzhě)在“冠詞(+形容詞)〞后，用名詞形式。第十七頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。17

[例7]AsIlooked

(close)atthisgirl,Ifoundthat…[例8]Theremustbesomething_____(serious)wrongwithoursociety.[例9]Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet

(main)becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletime…closelymainlyseriously技巧4：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)(zhěnggè)句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。第十八頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。18[例10]Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis:noknowledgeis________(use).[例11]Yourmistakecausedalotof___________(necessary)workintheoffice.

uselessunnecessary技巧5：詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題。詞類不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子(jùzi)意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-,im-，il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等，在詞根后加-less等。第十九頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。19

技巧6：括號(hào)中所給詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，也不一定是考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)或非謂語動(dòng)詞，

有可能(kěnéng)考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換；假設(shè)是形容詞或副詞，有可能(kěnéng)考查其比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)。

[例12]…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist__________(attract)…[例13]Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould…Hejumpedeven____

(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.attractionharder第二十頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。20詞類(cílèi)轉(zhuǎn)化題穩(wěn)固練習(xí)1.“Thirty-fivecents,〞shesaid___________(rude).2.Oneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIhadevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…3.____________(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjustonly10minutesleft...!4.Itwashis______(nine)yearofschoolandhisacademiccareerseemedtobeinruins,soIwasangry.5.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook.6.Itwouldbe___________(believe)thatsuchanhonestmanshouldhavebetrayedhisfriends.ninthrudelyworstsuggestionUnfortunatelyunbelievable第二十一頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。21Histeachertookadeepdrink，smiled____

(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.warmlyButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.choiceThisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir____

(nature)course.natural第二十二頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。22根據(jù)(gēnjù)語義,確定詞形分析句子,確定(quèdìng)詞性解題(jiětí)四步走提示：四步走歸根到底其實(shí)就是尋找依據(jù)．每一個(gè)語法填空的空格里所需的單詞或短語其實(shí)都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依據(jù)通讀全文,理解大意總結(jié)提升檢查搭配,前后連貫第二十三頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。23WhenIwasgrowingupIdonotrecallhearingthewords“Iloveyou〞frommyfather.Whenyourfatherneversays________toyouwhenyouareachild,itgetstougherandtougherforhim_______(say)thosewordsashegets______(old).Totellyouthetruth,Icouldnothonestlyremember_______Ihadlastsaidthosewordstohimeither.Idecidedtosetmyegoasideandmakethefirstmove.__________somehesitation,inournextphoneconversationIblurtedoutthewords,“Dad…Iloveyou!〞PasagePracticethemtosayolderAfterwhen第二十四頁(yè)，共29頁(yè)。24Therewasasilenceatthe_______endandhe___________(awkward)replied,“Well,samebackatyou!〞Ilaughedandsai