英語考級-2022.06四級真題第1套

2022年06月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題(第1套)PartI Writing (30minutes)Directions:Supposeyouaregoingtowriteaproposaltoyourschoollibraryforimprovingitsservice.Youaretowriteaboutitscurrentproblemsandpossiblesolutionstotheseproblems.Youwillhave30minutestowritetheproposal.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartII ListeningComprehension (25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreene^sreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked,B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Itstudiedtheeffectsofexerciseonsleep.Itsparticipantscamefromvariouswalksoflife.Itsfindingsconfirmedthoseofpreviousstudies.Itranforaslongassomethirtyyears.A)Eatingmorevegetablesinsteadofmeats.Drinkingwaterinsteadofbeverageswithaddedsugar.Consumingmoreenergydrinksandsportsdrinks.Formingthehabitofexercisingregularly.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Heaskedthemabouthislostpaintings.Heknewtheowneroftwomissingpaintings.Helefthispaintingsatahighwayreststop.Hefoundtwo17th-centuryoilpaintings.A)Theyareimitations. C) TheywerestolenbyanItalianboy.Theyareoriginals. D) Theycamefromthesameartist.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Lookafterhergrandfather. C) Savehersickgrandmother.Leavetheremotecoldregion. D) Fleefromthethreatofbears.A)Shehastofaceacriminalcharge.Shewasfoundlyingmotionlessinthesnow.Shesearchedforherdaughterinfreezingcold.Sheworksinchildcareservices.A)Shewasfoundinaforestafterthreedays.Shelaytotallyunconsciousforthreedays.Shesufferedfromtheeffectsofseverecold.Shewasfinallyrescuedbyherrelatives.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Sheshowsarealpassionfortakingphotos.Shehasjustreturnedfromherhometown.ShecomesfromthecityofCapeTown.Shehasatrulyamazingappearance.Itisgreenandfreefrompollution.ItwasnamedbyEuropeansettlers.ShegrewupinIndia.Shespeaksseverallanguages.Itisgreenandfreefrompollution.ItwasnamedbyEuropeansettlers.ShegrewupinIndia.Shespeaksseverallanguages.ItisoriginatedinNewZealand.Itismorepopularthanfootball.Ithasaflatsurfaceatthetop.A)ShehasBritishancestors.Sheisofmixedblood.A)Itisanextremelyviolentsport.Itisbecominganationalsport.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Prepareastudyguide.Consulthisadvisors.A)Prepareastudyguide.Consulthisadvisors.A)Hisworksheetsareterriblymessy.Hefindstheworkloadtooheavy.A)Avisuallearner.Anemotionallearner.Gooverhisnotesregularly.Takestress-reliefsessions.Hisstudyfolderisbadlydisorganized.Hehasdifficultytakingnotesquickly.Anorganizedlearner.Alogicallearner.A)Arrangethemusingcolorandpictures.Restructuretheminalogicalway.Committhemtomemoryafterclass.Organizethemintoawell-connectedstory.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesAttheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.2022年6月英語四級真題第1套第2頁共10頁by:右右文化Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itismainlybasedonasociety'sreligion.Itisinterpreteddifferentlyindifferenttimes.Itisacodeofconductbasedonlawsandethics.Itisamoralprincipletoguidepeople'sbehavior.A)Itmayleadtomisunderstandingdespitegoodintentions.Itassumesthathumanbeingsareallgood-natured.Itmaysometimesproduceundesirableoutcomes.Itfailstoconsiderthecomplexityofhumanrelationships.A)Thegoldenruleisofteninconflictwithcertainlawsandethicalprinciples.Thegoldenrulemustsometimesgivewaytomoreimportantprinciples.Failuretofollowthegoldenrulemayleadtoviolationoflawsandethics.Observingthegoldenruleisthefirststeptobecomingaresponsiblecitizen.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Manyofthemfinditratherdifficulttomanage.Theyhavenotseenasmuchdiversityasdesired.Manyofthemhaveanincreasinglydiversifiedstaff.Theyhavenotquitegraspedtheconceptofdiversity.A)Initiativestoachievediversityinlargecorporations.Advantagesanddisadvantagesofadiversifiedteam.People'sattitudestowardsdiversityattheworkplace.Innovativeideasandsolutionsresultingfromdiversity.A)Peopleprefertoworkwithteammemberssimilartothemselves.Employersattachgreatimportancetotheircorporations9diversity.Employersdiffer,fromemployeesintheirperspectivesondiversity.Doubtsaboutthepracticabilityofdiversityaregraduallydisappearing.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Choosingthebesttimeforsigningabusinesscontract.Changingone'sformofcommunicationfromtimetotime.Layingequalstressonwrittenandspokencommunication.Usingdifferentformsofcommunicationappropriately.A)Theyareregardedasseriouslybinding.B)Theyareseldomhonoredbybusinesspartners.Theyaretakenasmemosofunderstanding.Theyaretobeconfirmedinwrittenform.A)Ithasreachedthehighestlevelofevolution.Itplacesahighvalueonwrittencontracts.Itregardswrittencontractsasunalterable.Ithasseenadeclineinverbalagreements.A)Itsdetailscannotberenegotiated.Ithastobecarriedouttotheletter.Itstrengthensbusinesspartnerships.Itstermsmaynotbestrictlybinding.PartIII ReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Youmightthinkofyourteethastools,likebuilt-inknivesandforks,butiftheyaremeretools,whydotheyfeelpainandwouldn'titbebetteriftheycouldjust26underanycondition?Inspiteofour27discomfort,itturnsoutthere'sagoodreasonourteetharesosensitive.Toothpainisa28mechanismthatensureswhenatoothisbeingdamagedwe'llnoticeanddosomethingaboutit.Ifweeatsomethingtoohotortoocold,orifthetoothisworndownenoughwherethetissue29isexposed,allofthosethingscausepain,andthenthepaincausesthepersonnottousethattoothtotrytoprotectitalittlebitmore.Soit'sreallyaprotectivemechanismmorethananythingelse.Ifteethdidn'tfeelpain,wemight30tousetheminsituationsthatdamagethem,andforhumans,damaging31teethisaproblembecause,unlikecrocodiles,wecan't32them.Teethhavethreelayers,onlyoneofwhich-theinnermostlayerofthetooth-canhurt,asthatlayerofthetooth33bothbloodvesselsandnerves.Painistheonlyfeelingtowhichthenervesinthatlayerrespond.Whereaspeoplewithtoothsensitivitymaycomplain,forexample,oftoothpain34byheatorcold,thenervesintheinnerlayerdon'tsensetemperature.Rather,theyfeelpain,whichmaybe35with,say,drinkingsomethingverycold.A)adultI)emotionalB)associatedJ)impliesC)chewK)mammalD)containsL)replaceE)continueM)swallowF)defenseN)triggeredG)dental0)underneathH)downwardSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.HowtodetermineifacompanyisagoodfitforyouOnpaper,thejobseemedperfectforme:Thepositionwascompletelyinlinewithmydegree,thedutiesandresponsibilitieswerecompatiblewithmyinterests,andtheofficemaintainedawell-stockedkitchenthatwouldsatisfymyeverysnackdesire.Soundslikemydreamjob,right?Therewasonlyonesmallproblem:Isimplydidn'tgetalongwiththecompanyculture.Theyfavoredamorerigid,closed-door,corporateatmosphere,whileIwouldhavepreferredsomethingmorecollaborativeandopen.Theywerecompleteclockwatchers,whileIwouldhavelikedamoreflexibleschedule.Toputitplainly,wejustweren'tonthesamepage.Whenitcomestolookingforanewjob,youalreadyknowthatabigpartoftheinterviewprocessinvolvesthecompanyevaluatingwhetherornotyou'reagoodfitfortheiropenrole.But,it'simportanttokeepinmindthattheemployerisn'ttheonlyonewhoneedstoidentifyagoodmatch—youshouldbelookingforthatsameexactthing.Companyculturecanhaveabigimpactonhowyoufeelaboutyourwork,soyouwanttomakesureyousignanofferletterwithanorganizationyou'retrulyexcitedabout.However,figuringoutwhatacompanyislikebeforeyouactuallyworktherecanbeabitofachallenge.Luckily,thereareafewthingsyoucandotodeterminewhetherornotacompanyisagoodfitforyou—beforeyoueversignyournameonthatdottedline.Firstofall,knowwhatyouwant.It'shardtomakeanydecisionswhenyoudon'treallyknowwhatyou'relookingfor.Sobeforeyoucandeterminewhetheryouandaspecificcompanywouldbecompatibletogether,it'simportanttohaveasolidhandleonwhatexactlyyouwantfromyouremployer.Manyofushaveaneasiertimeidentifyingthethingsthatweabsolutelydon'twant.Ifthosearetheonlythingsyoucanthinkof,don'tworry!That'sstillagoodplacetostart.Startbywritingdownthethingsyoudidn'tlikeaboutpreviousemployers,aswellasthepartsyoureallyvalued.There9snowronganswerhere一sofrombigthingstosmalldetails,writethemalldownonyourlist.Thiswillhelpyouimmediatelyidentifywhatyou'relookingforinanorganization,aswellasthethingsyou'retryingtostayfar,farawayfrom.Makesuretodoyourresearch.Nowcomesthepartwhenyouputonyourdetectivehatanddoalittledigging.TheInternetwillbeyourbestfriendwhenyou'retryingtofamiliarizeyourselfwithacompany'sculturebeforeeverwalkingthroughtheirofficedoors.Andwhereexactlyshouldyoulookforthesecultureclues?Startwiththemostobviousplacefirst:thecompany'swebsite.Readthroughtheircopyandblog.Dotheyuseformal,directlanguage?Orisitcasual,conversational,andmaybeevenalittlehumorous?Thiscanbeabigindicatorofwhatsortofatmospherethecompanyistryingtocultivate.Next,turnyourattentiontowardtheirsocialmediaoutlets.Aretheysharingphotosoftheirteam'sThursdayafternoonbarbequeorHalloweencostumecontest?Oraretheirsocialmediaaccountsstrictlyreservedforcompany-relatedannouncementsandproductlaunches?AnindustryreviewwebsitelikeGlassdoorisanotherspottocheckinordertofindsomeinsiderinformationaboutwhatyoucanexpectaboutacompany.However,remembertotakethereviewsyoureadwithagrainofsalt-manyofthemarewrittenbyscorned(被鄙視的)employees.Finally,youcanneverfailwithpersonalconnections.SendaquickmessagetoacurrentorpreviouscompanyemployeeonLinkedlnorbyemailandaskiftheywouldbewillingtohaveaquickconversationwithyouabouttheorganizationingeneral.Ifyougetayestoyourrequestforachat,you911bearmedwithsomeprettypowerfulandhelpfulinformationheadingintoyourinterview!Learnmorebyaskingquestions.Youknowthatpartattheendofajobinterviewwhenthehiringmanagerasksifyouhaveanyquestions,andyoujuststareacrossthetableblanklywithyourmouthhangingopen?That'stheperfectopportunitytospeakupandgetyourburningcompanyculturequestionsanswered!Soyes,youcandefinitelyaskyourintervieweraboutwhatit'sliketoworkforthatparticularorganization.Simplequestionslike,“Whatthreewordswouldyouusetodescribetheculturehere?”or“What'syourfavoritepartaboutworkingforthiscompany?canrevealalotaboutwhatit'sreallylikebehindcloseddoors.Prioritizeyourvalues.Whatdoesmydreamcompanyculturelooklike?Well,IcouldcomeandgoasIplease,aslongasIwasgettingtheworkdone.Mybosswouldgenuinelylistentoandvalueallofmyideasaridsuggestions.Myco-workerswouldallbefriendlywithoneanother,withouteverfallingintotheofficegossiptrap.Thekitchenwouldhaveendlessoptionsofpizzaandcookies.Oh,andthey'dgivemetwomonthsofpaidvacationwithaverygeneroussalary.Whataremychancesoffindingallofthosethingswithoneemployer?Slimtonone一believeme,I'velooked.Thisiswhyit'ssoimportanttoknowwhichaspectsofacompany'scultureyouvaluemost.Isitanopencommunicationstyleoraflexibleschedule?Focusonthetopspotsonyourprioritylist,andensureapotentialemployeratleastchecksthoseboxes.Unfortunately,thisisreality,youcan,thaveeverythingyouwantbutafewarecertainlyachievable.Whenyou'rehuntingforanewjob,youalreadyknowthattheemployeristryingtodecidewhetherornotyou'reagoodfitfortheposition.Butyoushouldalsolookattheprocessthroughasimilarlens.Youmaynotbetheoneconductingtheactualinterview,butyou'restilltryingtodeterminewhetherornotthecompanyisagoodfitforyou.Keepthesetipsinmindtofigureoutwhetheryouandapotentialemployerareaperfectmatchorjustarecipe(方案)fordisaster.Afterall,it'sagoodthingtoknowbeforeactuallyacceptinganoffer.Cluesaboutthecultureofacompanycanbefoundonitswebsite.Itcanbedifficulttoknowtherealsituationinacompanyuntilyoubecomepartofit.Itisimpossibleforajobapplicanttohaveeveryexpectationmet.Simplybyreadingitsdescription,theauthorfoundthejobofferedideal.Jobapplicantsareadvisedtomakeawrittenlistoftheirlikesanddislikesintheirpreviousemployment.Attheendofaninterview,ajobapplicantshouldseizetheopportunitytogetanswerstotheirurgentquestions.Tobeginwith,jobapplicantsshouldbeclearwhattheyexpectfromtheirfutureemployer.Jobapplicantsshouldreadwithacriticaleyewhatiswrittenaboutacompanyonthewebsite.Jobsatisfactionhasalottodowithcompanyculture.Achatwithaninsiderofacompanycangivejobapplicantsveryusefulinformationwhentheyprepareforaninterview.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Onlineclassesbegantobepopularizedjustafewdecadesago.Theyareadvertisedasawayforadultstofinishtheireducationandstudentstolearnthematerialattheirownpace一itisfarmorecompatibleforpeoplewithbusyschedules.Butafterbeingenrolledinanonlinecourselastfallsemester,Icametorealizeonlineclassesweremerelyameanstofulfilcourserequirements.Firstofall,studentslackthedesiretolearn,andtheysimplycompletetheirassignmentstoreceivecreditforapassinggraderatherthangenuinelyengagewiththecoursematerial.Asonlinecoursestendtohavemorethan100students,mostoftheassignmentsareshortandsimple.Theyarenotdesignedforstudentstointeractwiththematerialindepthbutdesignedtobegradedeasilytoaccommodatesuchalargenumberofstudents.Perhapsthebiggestdisadvantageoftakinganonlineclassistheabsenceofface-to-faceinteractionbetweentheteacherandtheirstudents.Livesessionsareinfrequentandareoftenscheduledduringthemiddleofthedaywhenstudentshavetoattendotherclassesorwork.Theofficehoursoftheprofessormayalsobeduringinconvenienttimesformanystudentsaswell.Mostinteractionwiththeprofessorhastobethroughemailwhichisoftenimpersonal.Itisnearlyimpossibleforstudentstobuildarelationshipwiththeirprofessor.Thereisalsolittleinteractionamongststudents.Itcanbeharderforstudentstocreatestudygroupsandformrelationshipswiththeirpeers.Onlineclassesalsorequireeitheracomputerorlaptopandareliableinternetconnection.Notallstudentshaveaccesstothesetypesofresources,whetheritisforfinancialorotherreasons,andsomestudentscanbeputatadisadvantage.Offeringonlineclassescertainlyhelpsstudentswhowouldotherwisenotbeabletoattendclassroomsessions.However,theyfailtoprovideagenuineeducationwithanemphasisonconvenienceratherthancriticalthinking.Weneedrestructuredonlineclassesinwhichstudentscanhavealearningexperiencethatwillactuallyprovidequalityeducation.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstudentsenrolledinonlineclasses?Theycanaccesscoursematerialseasily.Theyareunmotivatedtolearn.Theycanlearnattheirownpace.Theyrarelyfulfilthecourserequirements.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofonlinecourseassignments?Theyaremadeconvenienttomark.Theyaremeanttofacilitateinteraction.Theyarebasedoneasilyaccessiblematerial.Theyaregiventoaccommodatestudents9needs.Whatdoestheauthorsayisonedisadvantageofonlineclasses?Theyarefrequentlyscheduledatirregulartimes.Theymakeprofessors9officesmuchlessaccessible.Theytendtoincreaseprofessors9burdenofrespondingtostudents9emails.Theyprovidelittlechanceforstudentstobuildrelationshipswitheachother.Whatproblemmayariseifclassesgoonline?Morestudentsmayfinditeasytobeabsentfromthem.Teacherswillworryaboutpoorinternetconnections.Somestudentsmayhavedifficultyattendingthem.Schoolswithlimitedresourceswillbeatadisadvantage.Whatdoestheauthorthinkconstitutesakeypartofgenuineeducation?Acquisitionofusefulknowledge.Trainingofreal-lifeskillsoncampus.Developmentofstudents9personalities.Cultivationofanalyticalthinkingability.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Intheageoftheinternet,there'snosuchthingasaprivatedebate.Butisthatbadforscience?Somescientistshavehadconcerns.Whendebatesinanysectormovebeyondthehallsofuniversitiesandgovernmentagencies,there'spotentialforinformationtobeusedincorrectly,leadingtopublicconfusion;yet,opendebatecanalsopromotecommunicationbetweenthescientificcommunityandthepublic.Recentopendebatesonscientificresearch,health,andpolicyhavearousedgreaterpublicattentionandencouragedmorediversevoices.Ifthistrendspursscientiststoagreemorequicklyaboutthebestsolutionstoourproblems-andatthesametimehelpsthepublicobservetheprocessofscientificdiscoursemoreclearly—thenthisisgoodforeveryone,includingscientists.ArecentdebatepublishedinTheNewYorkTimesdiscussedthequestionofhowquicklymedicineshouldbedevelopedandproduced.Issuessuchassafetyoftheproductandperceptionofthepublicwereexaminedandconsidered.Butsomeexpertsworriedthatsuchpublicspeculationmightleadpeopletobelievethatdisagreementaboutthedetailsmeantalackofadequatescientificconsensusoverthesafetyandefficiencyofmodern-daymedicine.Theanxietyseemsmisplaced.Gonearethedaysofgoingtoaconferenceanddebatingscientificissues,andthat'sgoodbecausethosegatheringswerenotdiverseenoughandexcludedmanyimportantvoices.Thesedays,thepubliccanaccessde