大學(xué)藝術(shù)英語教程（第二冊）教參（張瑛+楊非）

UnitOneColor

Learningobjectives

Inthisunit,youwilllearnsomeinterestinginformationrelatedtothecolorsintheworld.Bythe

endofthisunit,youwillbeableto

△listenandtalkaboutcolor-relatedtopicsfluently.

△readmoreaboutcolorsefficiently.

△knowrulesaboutword-fbimationaccurately.

△learnhowtowritearecommendationletterinEnglishappropriately.

PartI

TeacherasksstudentstodiscussandanswerthequestionsinWarm-upinStudents'book.

Sua史estionsandinfo門nationrelevamtoactivities.

1.Writedownasmanycolorsasyoucanandthencomparewhatyouhavewrittenwithyour

partner.

red紅色orange橙色

green綠色cyan藍(lán)綠色

blue藍(lán)色magenta紫紅色

yellow黃色grey灰色

purple紫色brown棕色

white白色indigo紫藍(lán)色

black黑色pink粉紅色

2.Describeyourfavoritecolortoyourpartner.

Green

Greenismyfavoritecolor.Alltheplantsinthenaturalworldaregreen,fbrexample,grass,trees

andleaves.Itisthesignoflifeandofhope.Withoutgreen,allanimalswoulddie,fbrthereisnomore

food.Lookoverthecountrysideandyouwillfindthestrikingbeautyofgreen.Itcanrestoureyesand

soothourmood.

Blue

Bluehasalwaysbeenmyfavoritecolor,andIthinkitwillalwayscontinuetobeso.First,itisa

verysoothingcolorandmakespeoplehappy.Howdopeoplefeelwhentheywakeuptoseetheskyis

dirtygrey?Sadandgloomy.Butwhentheskyisdeepblue,goodcheerandjoyenterourhearts.Itisthe

colorofoceansandriversandlakesonsunnydays.WheneverIgoswimming,IfeelasthoughIwere

reborn.

Red

Redismyfavoritecolor.Firstofall,it'svividandenergetic.Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwakeup

inthemorningandseetheredcloudsintheeast?Itpromisesafineday.Itisalsothecolorofcourage.

Wheneveryouseered,youwillbefullofdeterminationandtrytowineverysuccess.

3.Listentotherecordingandfillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhear.

(1)second(2)good(3)favorite(4)message(5)common

(6)pink(7)blue(8)stronger(9)pink(10)blue

聽力原文

Clothesarelikeasecondskin.Mostlikelyyoufeelgoodwhenyouwearyourfavoritecolor.What

happenswhensomeoneseesyouwearingthiscolor?Doesthecolorsendamessage?Oneofthemost

commonexamplesofcolorsymbolisminclothingisthecustomofusingpinkfbrgirlsandbluefbr

boys...butitwasn'talwaysthisway.Thistraditionemergedattheturnofthe20thcentury.Sincepink

wasthoughttobeastrongercolor,itwasbestsuitedfbrboys;bluewasmoredelicateanddaintyand

bestfbrgirls.In1921,theWomen'sInstitutefbrDomesticScienceinPennsylvaniaendorsedpinkfbr

boys,bluefbrgirls.

PartUReading

TheColorofFriendship

IntroductiontoTextA

Therearemanycolorsinthisbeautifulworld.Onedaytheystartedtoquarrel.Eachofthemwants

tobethebest,themostimportant,themostusefulandthefavorite.Thentherainhelpsthemrealizethat

theyareeachmadefbraspecialpurpose,uniqueanddifferent,helpsthemappreciateoneanother.What

canwelearnfromtherain'swords?Whatdoestherainbowstandfbr?Let'senjoythestory.

DetailedDiscussionofTextA

1.Onceuponatimethecolorsoftheworldstartedtoquarrel.(Para.1)Alongtimeago,the

colorsoftheworldbegantoquarrel.

onceuponatime:atsomeunspecifiedpasttime,esp.alongtimeago

Thisphrase,firstrecordedin1595,isfrequentlyusedastheopeninglineoffairytalesandstories

toldtochildren.

—Onceuponatime,inafarawayland,therelivedaprinceandaprincess.

—Onceuponatime,therelivedamonsterinthejungle.

—Onceuponatime,therewasakingwhohadthreebeautifuldaughters.

quarrel:tohaveanargument

-1wishyoutwowouldstopquarreling.

一We'renotgoingtoquarrelaboutafewdollars.

—Ialwaysseemtobequarrellingwithmyparents.

2.Allclaimedthattheywerethebest.(Para.2)Allsaidthattheywerethebest.

claim:tostatethatsomethingistrue,eventhoughithasnotbeenproved

—Thegirlsclaimtohaveseenthefairies.

一Thegroupclaimedresponsibilityfbrthebombings.

一Theproductclaims“tomakeyouthinwithoutdieting”.

3.Blueinterrupted.(Para.8)Bluebrokeintotheconversation.

?2?

interrupt:tostopapersonfromspeakingfbrashortperiodbysomethingyousayordo,ortostop

somethingfromhappeningforashortperiod.

—Willyoustopinterruptingme!

—Sorrytointerrupt,butIneedtoaskyoutocomedownstairs.

4.Itisthewaterthatisthebasisoflifeanddrawnupbythecloudsfromthedeepsea.(Para.9)

Onlyfromthewatercanlifedevelop,anditcanbeevaporatedfromthedeepseaintotheskytoform

clouds.

Itis...that:注意陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)

+that/who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人)+其他部分。

一ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.

一ItisthebesthotelthatIhaveeverstayedin.

-Itismethattoldhimaboutthis.

basis:thefacts,ideas,orthingsfromwhichsomethingcanbedeveloped

—Theirclaimhadnobasisinfoct(=itwasnottrue).

—Breadformsthebasisoftheirdailydiet.

Otherexpressionsof“basis”：

onthebasisofsomething:becauseofaparticularfactorsituation

一discriminationonthebasisofsex

onaregular/daily/weeklyetc.basis:everyday,weeketc.

一I'msavingmoneyonaregularbasis.

5.Orangestartednexttoblowhertrumpet.(Para.12)Orangestartednexttoboast.

blowone^trumpet:自吹自擂

—Helikestoblowhistrumpet.

6.Imaybescarce,butIampreciousfbrIservetheneedsofhumanlife.(Para.13)Imaynotbe

easytofind,butIamofgreatvaluebecauseIservetheneedsofhumanlife.

scarce:noteasytofindorobtain

—Foodwasoftenscarceinthewinter.

一Therewasfiercecompetitionfbrthescarceresources.

precious:ofgreatvaluebecauseofbeingrare,expensiveorimportant

一Wccannotaffordtowasteprecioustime.

一Thedolliscrackedandworn,butit'sstillprecioustomebecauseitwasmymother's.

一ourplanet'spreciousresources

7.Redcouldstanditnolongerandheshoutedout...(Para.14)Redcouldbearitnomoreandhe

shoutedout...

standitnolonger:再也無法忍受

Icanstandthenoisenolonger.(Ican'tstandthenoiseanymore.)

8.Purpleroseuptohisfullheight.(Para.16)Purplestoodupstraight.

riseuptoone'sfullheight:standupstraight

一Whenheroseuptohisfullheight,Iwasamazedathowtallhewas.

一Heroseuptohisfullheightandlookedatmeinmyeyes.

9.Peopledonotquestionme!(Para.17)Peopleneverdoubtme!

question:tohaveorexpressdoubtsaboutwhethersomethingistrue,good,necessaryetc.

—AreyouquestioningwhatI'msaying?

一Noonedaredtoquestionhisdecisions.

10.Youhardlynoticeme,butwithoutmeyouallbecomesuperficial.(Para.19)Iwasveryeasily

neglected,butwithoutmeyouwouldbecomeshallow.

superficial:notstudyingorlookingatsomethingcarefullyandonlyseeingthemostnoticeablethings

-Evenasuperficialinspectionrevealedseriousflaws.

—Naturally,suchvisitscanallowonlythemostsuperficialunderstandingofprisonlife.

11.1representthoughtandreflection.(Para.19)Iamthesignofcarefulthought,

represent:toofficiallyspeakortakeactionfbranotherpersonorgroupofpeople

一Mr.Kobayashiwaschosentorepresentthecompanyattheconference.

—Shedecidedtorepresentherself(=speakfbrherselfwithoutalawyer)duringthetrial,

reflection:carefulthought,oranideaoropinionbasedonthis

——Amoment'sreflectionwillshowthestupidityofthisargument.

——AtfirstIdisagreed,butonreflection(=afterthinkingcarefullyaboutit),Irealizedshewas

right.

12.Andsothecolorswentonboasting,eachconvincedofhisorherownsuperiority.(Para.20)

goondoingsomething:tocontinuedoingsomething

一Hewentonexplainingthepicture.

convinced:certain

—MyboyfriendsaysI'denjoyawalkingholiday,butI'mnotconvinced.

一I'mconvinced(that)sheislying.

13....eachtryingtodominatetherest.(Para.22)...eachtryingtocontroltheotherpeople,

dominate:tocontrolsomeoneorsomethingortohavemoreimportancethanotherpeopleor

things

一Theindustryisdominatedbyfivemultinationalcompanies.

—NewOrleansdominatedthroughoutthegame.

-Herloudvoicetotallydominatedtheconversation.

一Educationissuesdominatedtheelectioncampaign.

14....letusremembertoappreciateoneanother.(Para.23)...letusremembertounderstandhow

goodorusefulanotherpersonis.

appreciate:tounderstandhowgoodorusefulsomeoneorsomethingis

一Herabilitiesarenotfullyappreciatedbyheremployer.

?4?

一I'mnotanexpert,butIappreciatefineworksofart.

KeytoTextandExercises

TextComprehensionofTextA

I.Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.Becauseallclaimedthattheywerethebest,themostimportant,themostusefulandthefavorite.

2.Green,blue,yellow,orange,red,purpleandindigo.

3.Orange.

4.Becauseitisthesignofauthorityandwisdom.

5.Becausetheywereeachmadefbraspecialpurpose,uniqueanddifferent.

II?Decide,accordingtoTextA,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

⑴T(2)F(3)F(4)F(5)T

KeytoExercises

II,Vocabulary

SectionA

1.statedthatsomethingistrue,eventhoughithasnotbeenproved

2.averypowerfulfeeling

3.thinksabout

4.bearnomore

5.somethingthatmakesyounotice,remember,orthinkaboutsomething

SectionB

1.crouch4.blow

2.quarrel5.dominate

3.bravery

SectionC

1.precious6.boasting

2.represent7.royalty

3.errupt

4.claims9.superficial

5.scarce10.unique

HI.Translation

SectionA.E-CTranslation

1.昨晚有人看見兩個形跡可疑的人在校園里徘徊。

2.他是那樣著急，汗開始沿著他的面頰流淌下來。

3.夏威夷由一連串火山島組成，是橫亙太平洋的一系列大島的一部分。

4.我代表沉默的大多數(shù)。

5.他是公認(rèn)的權(quán)威。

SectionB.C-ETranslation

1.1canstandhimnolonger.

2.Theycroucheddownunderthetablein色ar.

3.Rainstartedtopourdownrelentlessly.

4.Thequarrellingfromnextdoorbecamelouderandlouder.

5.Doingastheyweretoldbytheteachers,thepupilsunitedandjoinedhands.

r&tctB

MixingColors

IntroductiontoTextB

Thispassagetalksabouthowmiraclehappensifwemixcolortogether.Therearetwowaystomix

color.Onewayistomixcolorlights,andtheotheristomixcolorpaints.Itisamazingtofindthe

differentoutcomesofthetwoways,andtoenjoythedifferentcolorsproduced.

DetailedDiscussionofTextB

1.Haveyoueverwonderedwhattheworldwouldbelikeiftherewerenocolors?(Para.l)Have

youeverimaginedwhattheworldwouldbelikeiftherewerenocolors.

wonder:toaskyourselfquestionsorexpressadesiretoknowaboutsomething

-IwonderhowJamesisgettingon.

一Whatarctheygoingtodonow,1wonder?

一IwonderifTilrecognizePhilipafteralltheseyears.

—He'sbeenleavingworkearlyalot—itmakesyouwonder,doesn'tit?

2.Everydayyouarcsurroundedbymanydifferentcolorsthatcomeindifferentshadesandhues.

(Para.l)Therearemanydifferentcolorsthatcomeindifferentshadesandhuesarounduseveryday.

surround:tobeeverywherearoundsomething

一Thefieldwassurroundedbytrees.

—Heglaredatthepeoplewhosurroundedthetent.

-He'salwaysbeensurroundedbypeoplewhoadorehim.

3....becausethecombinedcolorsareformedbyaddinglightfromtwoormorelight

sources...(Para.2)...becausethesekindsofcolorsarccreatedbyaddinglightfromtwoormorelight

sources...

combine:(causeto)existtogether,orjointogethertomakeasinglethingorgroup

一AugustinewaslatertocombineelementsofthisphilosophywiththeteachingsofChristianity.

—Dietsaremosteffectivewhencombinedwithexercise.

—Anumberoffactorshavecombinedtocreatethisdifficultsituation.

——Ruthhesitated,uncertainofhowtocombinehonestyanddiplomacyinheranswer.

4.Mixingcolorlightsisusedintheatreperformancestocreateadramaticeffect.(Para.5)Mixing

colorlightsisappliedintheatreperformancestohelpcreateanexcitingeffect.

dramatic:verysuddenornoticeable,orfullofactionandexcitement

-Computershavebroughtdramaticchangestotheworkplace.

-Universitieshavesufferedadramaticdropinstudentnumbers.

—Aseriousaccidentcanhaveadramaticeffectonyourfamily'sfinances.

5.Itisalsousedintelevisionandcomputermonitorstocreatethefullrangeofcolorsthatgiveyou

thecolorfillcartoonsorvideogamesthatyouseeandplay.(Para.5)...Itisalsousedintelevisionand

computermonitorstocreatethatgiueyouthecolorfulcartoonsorvideogamesthatyouwatchandplay.

?6?

range:anumberofpeopleorthingsthatarealldifferent,butareallofthesamegeneraltype

-arangeofservices

-Thedrugiseffectiveagainstarangeofbacteria.

—studentsfromawiderangeofbackgrounds

—adviceonawholerangeofsubjects

—Afairlynarrowrangeofpeopleareresponsiblefbrkeydecisions.

6....becausedifferentcolorsofpaintabsorbdifferentcolorsoflight.(Para.6)...becausedifferent

colonsofpainttakeindifferentcolorsoflight.

absorb:totakesomethingin,especiallygradually

—Plantsabsorbnutrientsfromthesoil.

—Hercapacitytoabsorbinfbnnationisamazing.

一Waterandsaltsareabsorbedintoourbloodstream.

一Themovementandnoiseofthemachinesabsorbedhimcompletely.

一Judithlayonthesettee,absorbedinherbook.

7.Anycolorthatisnotabsorbedorsubtractedfromthelightwillreflectoffthepaint.(Para.6)...

AnycolorthatisnottakeninorsubtractedfromthelightwillbesentbackofTthepaint.

reflect:Ifasurfacereflectslight,heat,sound,oranimage,itsendsthelight,etc.backanddoes

notabsorbit.

—Shecouldseeherfacereflectedinthecar'swindshield.

—Thedropinconsumerspendingreflectsconcernabouttheeconomy.

—TheincreasingracialdiversityoftheUSisreflectedinthelatestcensusstatistics.

—Howmuchyou'repaidreflectshowimportantyouaretothecompanyyouworkfbr.

——Wearsomethingwhite——itreflectstheheat.

KevtoTextComprehensionOi心tionsandExercises

KeytoTextComprehension(TextB)

I,Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.Forlightthethreeprimarycolorsarered,green,andblue.Inpainting,theyareyellow,blue,and

red.

2.Lightergreen.

3.White.

4.Cyan,magentaandyellow.

5.(Opentodiscussion.)

II?Decide,accordingtoTextB,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

⑴T(2)F(3)F(4)T(5)T

KeytoExercises

I.Vocabulary

SectionA

1-H2-E3-F4-A5-D6-G7-J8-B9-C10-1

SectionB

1.illumination6.hue

2.bine

3.dramatic8.reflected

4.component9.surround

5.wonder10.absorbed

II.C-ETranslation

1.Haveyoueverimaginedwhatwouldhappenifyoufailedintheexam?

2.Thisrestaurantissomuchbettercomparedtotheonewewenttolastweek.

3.Blackpaintabsorbsalllightwhereaswhitepaintreflectsalllight.

4.Surprisingly,hefinishedthetaskontime.

5.Canyouexplainwhyyouarelate?

ID?Cloze

(l)But(2)in(3)of(4)of(5)as

(6)to(7)in(8)into(9)than(10)or

PartHIListeningandSpeaking

AnswersorsuggestionsloListeningandSpeakin史activities

SectionAListeningin:Shopping

SectionA

.Answerstotrueorfalsestatement.

(1)F(2)T(3)F(4)F(5)F

聽力原文

A:Excuseme.

B:Yes?HowcanIhelpyou?

A:Well,Iboughtthisdressherethedaybeforeyesterdayfbrmydaughter.Butwhenshetriediton

athome,1foundit'stootight.IwaswonderingifIcouldhavemymoneyback.

B:Doyouhaveanyproofthatyouboughtithere?

A:Yes.Hereismyreceipt.(HandingBthereceipt.)

B:Well.Ican'tdecidemyself.Pleasewaitaminute.Iwillhavetoaskourcountermanager.

A:Thankyou.

B:(Amomentlater.)Allright.Youcouldrefunditifit'skeptintact.Butdon'tyouwanttogeta

biggersize?

A:Iintendedto,butasfarasIknow,allthedressesofthiskindhereareofthesamesize.

B:Arethey?Inthatcase,Tilbegladtogiveyourmoneyback.

A:Thanksalot.

B:Don'tmentionit.

.Listentoapassageandfillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhear.

(1)healthy(2)finger(3)disease(4)become(5)discolored

(6)other(7)lack(8)caused(9)indicate(10)body

聽力原文

Normally,nailbedsarcpcachy-pinkbecauseofahealthysupplyofbloodintothefingertipsand

toes.Whenadietdeficiencyordiseaseispresent,sometimesthenailbedsbecomediscoloredor

?8?

malformed.

Whennailsarcdiscolored（acolorotherthanpeachy-pink）,thismaybeindicativeofadiet

deficiencyordiabetes,allergies,orotherdiseases.

Bluishcolorednailsgenerallyindicatealackofoxygenintheblood.Thisdiscolorationmaybe

causedbylungdisease,suchasemphysema,orasthma.

Nailswithagreenishcolormayindicateaninfectioninthenailbedorsomewhereelsewithin

body.

SectionBSpeakingout

1.Whatarcyouropeninghours?

2.1amtryingtofindapairofglasses.

3.Tiltakethisone.

4.Howmuchdoseitcost?

5.Thafsexpensive.Canyoucomedownabit?

6.Wouldyougivemeadiscount?

7.That'smorethanIwasthinkingofgiving.

8.Couldyouexchangethis,please?

9.CanIhavearefund?

10.I'dliketohavemymoneyback,please.

.Groupwork:Guesswhatthecolorsare.

1.yellow

2.orange

3.purple

4.blue

5.green

PartIVGrammEW）rcHFormation

1.DetailedDiscussionofuranimarpoints

英語的構(gòu)詞法包括合成法、轉(zhuǎn)化法、派生法和縮略法。

1.轉(zhuǎn)化法

把一種詞性用作另一種詞性而詞形不變的方法叫做轉(zhuǎn)化法。

1）動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。例如：

Let'shaveasw加.咱們?nèi)ビ斡景伞?/p>

2）名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

Welunchedtogether.我們在一起吃了午餐。

3）形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

Wewilltrytobetterourlivingconditions.我們要試著改善我們的生活狀況。

4）副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。例如：

Murderwillout.惡事終將敗露。

5）形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。例如：

Youshouldnotbedressedinwhiteatthewedding.你在婚禮中不該穿白色衣服。

2.派生法

在詞根前面加前綴或在詞根后面加后綴構(gòu)成一個新詞的方法叫做派生法。

1)綴

前綴一般改變單詞的意義，不改變詞性。例如：

appearIII現(xiàn)-*disappear消失

understand理解一misunderstand誤解

operate操作一cooperate合作

way路fsubway地鐵

exceptions:asleepa.(a-+v.)encouragev.

unearthv.postwara.

intercitya.

因?yàn)榍熬Y一般不會改變詞性，所以可以用它的意義為其分類：

.negativeprefixes:a-,dis-,in-(il-,ir-,ini-),non-,un-

例如：atypical,amoral,disobey,disorder,inaudible,illegal,irresistible,immature,immortal,

non-smoker,non-violence,unwilling,unfair

.reservativeprefixes:de-,dis-,un-

例如：decentralize,decrease,decompose,disunite,discover,unwrap,uncover,unhorse

.pejorativeprefixes:mat-,mis-,pseudo-

例如：maltreat,malpractice,mislead,mistrust,pseudo-friend

.prefixesofdegreeorsize:arch-,extra-,hyper-,macro-,micro-,mini-,out-,over-,under-,sub-,

super-,sur-,ultra-,under-

例如：archbishop,extra-strong,hyperactive,outlive,overweight,underestimate,undercook,surtax

(taxtoomuch),ultraconservative

.prefixesoforientationandattitude:anti-,contra-,counter-,pro-

例如：antinuclear,contradictory,counterattack,pro-student,pro-Chinese,Pro-democracy

.locativeprefixes'.extra-,fore-,inter-,intra-,tele-,trans-

例如：extraordinary,forehead,fbreann,intercity,inter-college,intra-party(withintheparty),

telecominunication,transcontinental

.prefixesoftimeandorder,ex-,fore-,post-,pre-,re-

例如：ex-student,foretell,post-election,pre-prepared,reconsider

.numberprefixes:bi-,niulti-(poly-),serni-(hemi-),tri-,uni-(mono-)

例如：bilingual,multipurpose,polysyllable,semiautomatic,hemisphere,tricycle,uniform,monopoly,

monotone,monotonous.

.auto-,neo-,pan-,vice-...

2)后綴

后綴通常會改變單詞的詞性，構(gòu)成意義相近的其他詞性。例如：

differv.不同于—differencen.區(qū)別

actv.表演一actressn.女演員

beautyn.美麗―beautifyv.美化

?10?

purea.純的一purifyv.提純

childn.孩子fchildisha.孩子氣的

rainn.雨frainya.下雨的

angrya.生氣的-*angrilyadv.生氣地

后綴通常改變詞性，所以以它構(gòu)成的單詞的詞性對它進(jìn)行分類：

i.nounsuffixes

1)denominalnounsn.+suffixes=n.

concrete:-eer,-er,-ess,-ette,-let,-ster

例如：engineer,teenager,hostess,cigarette,booklet,gangster,songster(skilledsinger)

Abstract:-age,-dom,-cry,-cry(-ry),-hood,-ing,-ism,-ship

例如:storage,kingdom,freedom,slavery,pottery,bakery,adulthood,fanning,terrorism,friendship,

sportsmanship

2)deverbalnouns

a.people:-ant,-ee,-ent,-cr(-or)

例如：assistant,employee,trainee,correspondent,dependent,leader

b.action,result,process,state:-age,-al,-ance,-ation(-ition,-sion,-ion),-ence,-ing,-ment

例如：linkage,carriage,dismissal,survival,attendance,performance,protection,building,savings,

statement

3)deadjectivenouns:-ity,-ness

例如：popularity,productivity,happiness,largeness

4)nounandadjectivesuffixes

Asmallnumberofsuffixes,whenaddedtostemsrelatedtohumanbeingsornationalitynames,

formwordsthatcanbeusedbothasnounsandadjectives.

-ese,-an,-ist

例如：Chinese,Australian,Elizabethan,Shakespearian,socialist,violinist,Washingtonist

.adjectivesuffixes

denominaladj.:-ed,-ful,-ish,-less,-like,-ly,-y

［列如：simple-minded,successful,childish,foolish,priceless,nameless,lady-like,dreamlike,

cowardly,smoky,bloody

-ishcanbeaddedtoadj.

例如：brownish,coldish

Alsoinclude-al(-ial,-ical),-ic,-ous(-eous,-ious)

例如：cultural,economic,historic,courageous,marvelous

3.合成法

將兩個詞合在一起而構(gòu)成一個新詞的方法叫合成法。例如：

名詞+動詞daybreak黎明

介詞+名詞downhill下坡(的)

介詞+副詞forever永遠(yuǎn)

形容詞+名詞anything任何東西

介詞+副詞within在...之內(nèi)

4.縮略法

將單詞截短、縮寫或首尾字母縮寫的方法叫縮略法。例如：

influenza-flu流行性感冒

refrigerator-*fridge冰箱

veryimportantperson->VIP重要人物

TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage-*TOEFL托?？荚?/p>

2.Keyto2rammarexercises

SectionA

1.Sheisachemist.

2.Smithbecametheleadingrailwayengineerintheworld.

3.Toeveryone'ssatisfaction,thenewstudentfinishedthejobquitewell.

4.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.

5.CanadaisamainEnglish-speakingcountry.

6.Heactsfoolishly.

7.Onecannotavoidthiskindofproblem.

8.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liinlength.

9.Thatmanwasverycarefulnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.

10.Thenecklacethatshelostisofgreatvalue.

SectionB

1.Tomyjoy,Ipassedtheexameasily.

2.Therearedangerousanimalsinthisriver.

3.You'dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeephealthy.

4.Honestlyspeaking,Ididn'tdoitonpurpose.

5.Wecanlearnadvancedtechnologyfromothercountries.

PartVPracticalWriting

Relevantinformation

A.Commonsentencestructureforimitation

1.AsateacheratHydeschool,IamwritingtoprovideyouarecommendationfbrMiss/Mr.Zhang

soastohelpyouassessher/hisapplicationfbracceptanceintoyourprogramandconsiderationfbr

financialaid.

2.1wouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldgiveherapplicationfbrcandidate.

3.Wewouldliketointroduceyouabrilliantstudentspecializinginworldtradeofouruniversity.

4.Heisbrilliantandwedohopeyoucanaccepthim.

5.Shouldyouneedanyfurtherinformationinyourdeliberation,pleasedonothesitatetocontactme.

B.Asampleletter

Sept.16,2009

Towhomitmayconcern,

IstronglyrecommendLucyJohnson,mytop-rankingstudents,toyouresteemeduniversity.

LucyJohnson'sacademicbackgroundisreallystriking.Shealwaysbroughtuporiginalideas.She

showeddiligenceandingenuityinherstudies.Hard-working,shehasprovedtobeareliableand

helpfulhandinacademicactivities.Sheintendedtoproceedwithadvancedstudyandresearchunder

theguidanceofwell-knownprofessorsinyouruniversity.

?12?

IwouldappreciateitverymuchifyouacceptLucyJohnsonasyourstudent.Shouldyouneedany

furtherinformationinyourdeliberation,pleasedonothesitatetocontactme.

Yourssincerely,

JoeSmith

課文參考譯文

T&fU'A

友誼的顏色

i從前，世界上的各種顏色進(jìn)行過一次爭吵。

2每一種顏色都說自己是最好的，

3最重要的，

4最有用的，

5和最討人喜歡的。

6綠色說：

7"顯然，我是最重要的。我是生命和希望的標(biāo)志。我被選作青草、樹木以及葉子的顏色。

沒有了我，所有的動物都會死去。展望田野吧，你會看到，到處都有我。”

8藍(lán)色打斷了它的話：

9"你只考慮了地上，想想天空和海洋吧。水才是生命的基礎(chǔ)呀，云彩把水分從深邃的大

海帶到了天空。天空給了人們空間與和平。沒有我的和平，你們將不復(fù)存在?！?/p>

10黃色咯咯地笑相了聲：