2022年山東省菏澤市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)

2022年山東省菏澤市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Sofar,thereseemstobenosolutioninsightastohowthehydrogencanbestored.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.Onecanturnto______ifhewantstoexerciseinarainingday.

3.

Thestatisticsinthereportshowthattraditionalfamilylifehasdied,thoughtherearestillmanychildrenlivingwithbothparents.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Multitasking,eveniftakentotheextreme,cangiveofficeworkersapositivefeeling,sincefrequentinterruptionsmakethemfeelmuchneededanddesired.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Asaresultofsteadyandpredictableincreasesinsciencefunding______.

6.

Belowthecanopylevelofatropicalrainforestgrowsanoverabundanceofplants.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.Sleddogsdon'tusereins,instead,theyfollow______.

8.

Euroisthesecondlargestcurrencyintheworldtoday.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

TheInductrackⅡdesigncanproduceaverystrongmagneticfieldevenwhenthetrainrunsmoreslowlyby______.

10.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HowtoRetireEarlier

It'severyworkingstaff'sdream:sayinggoodbyetothedailygrindwhileyoustillhaveyourownteeth.Inourearlyretirementfantasies,we'retravelingtheworld,healthyandintheprimeofourlives,visitingthosehard-to-pronouncecountrieswe'vealwaystalkedaboutandsamplingthefinestlocalfare.

Retirement-relatedProblems

Surveysshowthatmorethanhalfofworkersbetweentheagesof30and50plantoretirebeforethey're60.Butthere'sonlyoneproblemwiththiswishfulthinking:Retiringearlyiseasy,butmakingyourmoneylastishard.

Oneproblemwithsavingupforearlyretirementisthatwetendnottothinkbeyondthosefirstfewgloriousyearsofgoodhealthandfullcheckingaccounts—wedon'tdothelong-termmath.Iftheaveragemalelifeexpectancyis75.2andweretireat55,thenoursavings,andstockmarketinvestmentsneedtolastfor20years.Andwhatifweliveevenlongerthanaverage?

Anddon'tforgetthatlifecangettrickyduringthoselastfiveortenyears.Veryfewfortunatesoulsdriftawayintheirsleepatage88withouteverhavingmajorsurgeries,hospitalizationsorchronic(andex-pensive)conditionstomanage—nottomentiontheever-increasingcostsofmedicalinsuranceandprescriptiondrugs.

Whilewetendtooverestimateourhealth,weunderestimateourpost-retirementfinancialneeds.A2002surveyfoundthatonly17percentofworkersthoughtthey'dneed80percentoftheirsalaryafterretirement.Fortypercentthoughtthey'dbefinewith60percentofcurrentearnings.Thatmightsufficeforafewgoodyears,butthelongeryoulive,thelesschanceyourmoneywilllast.

Furthermore,isn'titpossiblethattravelingtheworldandlivingoutofasuitcasecouldgetprettytedious?Didyoueverthinkthatyoumightbeboredwithoutadayjob?Doyouhaveenoughhobbiesandintereststosustainyoufor20to30yearswithoutbusinesstrips,deadlinesanddailymeetings?

Butdon'tgetdiscouraged.Ifyou'reseriousaboutretiringearlyanddedicatedtomakingitwork,youcanmakeithappen.Allittakesissomeseriousfinancialplanning,astrictbudgetandsomegoodold-fashionedluck.

Sohowdoyoustartplanningforanearlyretirement?Whatarethemostimportantcalculations?Whataresomecommonmistakes?

FinancialPlanning

Thefirststepwhenplanningforanearlyretirementistofigureoutexactlyhowmuchmoneyyouhaverightnow.Thisiscalledyournetworth.Networthiscalculatedbyaddingupallofyourassets(cash,stocks,retirementaccountsandthevalueofyourhome)andsubtractingallofyouroutstandingdebt(mortgage,studentloansandcreditcarddebt).

Whenyouknowhowmuchyouhave,youneedtofigureouthowmuchmoneyyou'llneedwhenyouretire.Thisamountdependsonseveralfactors:whatyouwanttodowhenyouretire,howearlyyouwanttoretireandwhatstandardoflivingyouwanttoenjoywhenretired.

Ifyouwanttokeepupyourcurrentstandardoflivingasaretiree,theruleofthumbisthatyou'llbespendingmonthlyatleast80percentofwhatyou'respendingnow.Thatother20percentyouwon'tbespendingaccountsforwork-relatedexpenses:gasorpublictransportationfaresforyourcommute,drycleaningbills,lunchesandthelike.Butifyouplantotr

A.Becauseoldpeopletendtosleepmorethanaverage.

B.Becauseoldpeople'shealthusuallyfailsduringthattime.

C.Becausethelifeafterretirementcouldbeverylongorveryshort.

D.BecausesomeoldPeoplecannotenduremajorsurgeries.

11.Youshouldpayspecialattentiontothefirstsixquestionsofthe12questionsbecausetheymakeupthebaseonwhich______.

12.

WhenwillKellycontactyouonceyouhaveregistered,forworkandofferedallyourdetails?

A.WhenyouchaseKellytoaskaboutyourjob.

B.Whentherightjobcomesup.

C.AfteryougiveKellyaprivateemailaddress.

D.WhenanemployerisinterestedinyourCV.

13.

Officesinthefuturetendtolookdifferentandservedifferentpurposes;theywillmostlikelybedesignedto______.

14.

Althoughsomepeopleareannoyedby______ofsingularthey,thisconstructionisusedmoreandmorefrequentlytosolvethepronounproblem.

15.

IfalltheiceintheAntarcticmelted,globalsealevelswouldrisehugely.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.Whichofthefollowingprovidesdinnercruisesnow?

A.ThePotomacRiver

B.BostonHarbor

C.TheChicagoRiver

D.TheMississippiRiver

17.

WhenIfirstlearnedLisp(表處理語(yǔ)言),whatIlikedmostaboutitwasthatitconsideredme______.

18.

WhenBricklandandhersisterwerelittle,theykeptthehomekeybecause______.

A.theywantedtobetrusted

B.theirmotherhadtowork

C.theirmotherdidn'tliveathome

D.theywereverynaughtyandwild

19.

Mr.Bellavancecashedouthispension,soldhishouseandunloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgarageafterlosinghisjobinordertochangehisfinancesintosurvivalmode.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

AccordingtoPsychiatristNathanShapira,thepsychiatricdisorderssymptomsoftheInternetaddictsinclude______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(19)

A.Heisgoodatdrawingpictures.

B.Helikespicturesverymuch.

C.Helikesvisitingtheartmuseumverymuch.

D.Hethinkstheartmuseumisaveryquietplace.

22.

【B10】

23.

【B9】

24.(31)

A.PeoplewholiveinAmazontribesdon'tthinkplantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramid,

B.PeoplewholiveinAmazontribesdon'tregardbotanyasaspecialbranchofknowledge.

C.PeoplewholiveinAmazontribesknowallthepropertiesofplainsinthejungle.

D.PeoplewholiveinAmazontribesgivesomespecialnamestobotany.

25.聽力原文：M:Let'sgoswimmingoveratthestudentcenter.

W:I'dliketo,butIhaveapaperdueonFriday,andIhaven'tevenstartedityet.

M:Justanhour.I'vegotatesttomorrow,soIwon'tbeabletostayverylong.

W:Ineedtheexercise,butljustcan'tsparethetime.

M:Okay.HowaboutdinnerattheGrill?Youhavetoeatsometime,andit'srightbythelibrary.I'llgoovertherewithyouafterdinner,andyoucalldoyourresearchwhileIstudyformytest.

W:Well.

M:Comeon.You'llprobablywanttostaylate,andyoushouldn'twalkhomeafterdark.I'llstayuntilyou'rereadytogo.

W:Thatwouldbenice,but...

M:Look,wereallywouldn'tbewastinganytime.We'djustbedoingeverythingweneedtodo,butwe'dbedoingittogether.Ijustwanttospendtimewithyou.

W:Me,too.Okay.Ineedtogohomefirst,thenI'llmeetyouattheGrillaboutsix.Isthatallright?

M:That'sgreat.We'llgeteverythingdone.You'llsee.

(23)

A.Theman'stest.

B.Thewoman'sresearchpaper.

C.Goswimmingoveratthestudentcenter.

D.Plansfortheevening.

26.聽力原文：TeadrinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardabouttea.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.Itcouldnotbeboughtinshops.AndeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Manypeopleusedtospreadtheusedtealeavesonbreadandgivethemtotheirchildrenassandwiches.

TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.

AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit.ButonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhattealastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneveragaindrinkitwithoutmilk.Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,sotheyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.

(30)

A.Becausetheylikedtocattealeaves.

B.Becausetheywerecuriousaboutthetasteoftealeaves,

C.Becausetheydidnotknowhowtodowithtea.

D.Becausetheywantedtomakesandwicheswithtea.

27.(42)

28.聽力原文：M:Hi,Janet,you'resoluckytobedonewithyourfinalexamsandtermpaper.Istillhavetwomorefinalstotake.

W:Really?

M:Yeah,sowhat'reyoudoingthissummer,anythingspecial?

W:Well,actuallyyeah.MyparentshavealwayslikedtakingmysisterandmetodifferentplacesintheUnitedStates.Youknow,placeswithhistoricalsignificance.Iguesstheywantedtoreinforcethestuffwelearnedinschoolabouthistory.Andsoeventhoughweareoldernow,theystilldoonceinawhile.

M:Oh,sowhereareyougoingthissummer?

W:Well,thissummer.It'sfinallygoingtobeGettysburg.

M:Finally?Youmeantheynevertookyouthereyet?ImeanGettysburg.It'sprobablythemostfamouscivilwarsiteinthecountry.It'sonlyacoupleofhoursaway.Ithinkthatwouldbeoneofthefirstplacesthatthey'vetakenyou.Ihavebeenthereacoupleoftimes.

W:Weweregonnatobeaboutten,well,no,itwasexactlytenyearsago.ButIdon'tknow.Somethinghappened,Icannotrememberwhat...

M:Somethingchangedyourplans.

W:Yeah,don'taskmewhatitwas,butweendedupnotgoinganywherethatyear.Ihopethatdoesn'thappenagainthisyear.IwroteapaperaboutGettysburglastsemesterforahistoryclass.IwastomakeathoroughinvestigationonthepoliticalsituationintheUnitedStatesrightafterthebattleatGettysburg,soI'meagertoseetheplace.

(23)

A.Theirfinalexamsandpapers.

B.Plansforthecomingsummer.

C.AwonderfulvisittoGettysburg.

D.Theirparents'travelinghabits.

29.【B10】

30.聽力原文：M:Ilikechickenbutnotfish.

W:Fishandgoosearemyfavoritefood.

Q:Whichfooddoesthemanlike?

(14)

A.Fishandgoose.B.Chicken.C.Gooseandchicken.D.Fish.

31.聽力原文：W:Tobefrank,Idon'twanttolingertoprepareforthepapertonight.

M:NeitherdoI,butIthinkweshouldgetitoverwith.

Q:whatdoesthemansuggest?

(17)

A.Staytofinishthepaper.

B.Noneedtofinishthepaper.

C.Gohome.

D.Enjoytheoverworktime.

32.(22)

A.Thewaiter.B.Theclerk.C.Nobody.D.Thewomanherself.

33.聽力原文：W:Hello.What'sallthisthen,Harry?

M:What'sallwhat?I'mmakingacake.

W:Yes.Wecanseewhatyou'reupto.Obviouslyyou'remakingacake.Whatelsewouldyoubedoingwithacaketinandarollingpinonthetableandtheplaceabsolutelycoveredinflour?Yes,wecanseewhatyou'redoing.Butwhyareyoudoingit?

M:Well,IjustdecidedI'dtryandmakeoneforachangeinsteadofbuyingone.Anywaythisisgoingtobearatherspecialsortofcake.Youcan'tbuythemlikethis.Andwhileyou'rehere,Doris,doyoumindbeatinguphalfadozeneggsinthatbluebowloverthere?You'llfindaforkandeggwhisk,whicheveryouprefer,inthedrawerontheleft.

W:OK.Idon'tmind.Butwhat'ssospecialaboutthiscake?

M:It'sasurprisecake.

W:Asurprisecake?

M:Yes.Doris,don'tforgettoaddfivespoonsofsugar.

W:No,dear.Buttellusaboutthissurprisecake.

M:Well,itwasanideaIhadwhileIwaslyinginbedlastnight.

W:Doyouusuallythinkoffoodinbed?

M:Iwasn'tthinkingoffood.Idecidedtohaveapartyforsomeoldfriendsofmine,butIwanttogivethemasurprise.

W:Whatkindofsurprise?

M:Canyouaddahalfofapintofcreamtothat,Doris?That'sright,dripitinslowlyandthenbeatitupagainuntilitbecomesallsticky.That'stheway.

W:Ihavemadeacakebefore,youknow.Now,comeon,what'sthesurprise?

M:Well,it'squitesimple,really.Yousee,Iservethecakewithcandlesonit.ThenIswitchoutthelightsandIslipoutoftheroom.ButbeforethisItellthemthattheymustcounttotwentybeforetryingtoblowoutthecandlesandthey'llgetasurprise.

W:Andthen?(Explosioneffect)

(20)

A.Beatuphalfadozeneggs.

B.Addfivespoonsofsugar.

C.Addhalfapintofcream.

D.Buysomecandles.

34.聽力原文：M:Christine'sClothingStoreisgoingoutofbusiness.

W:I'mnotsurprised.Theyjustdidn'tkeepupwiththetime.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthestore?

(17)

A.Itsinteriorwasnotkeptclean.

B.Itssalespeoplewereoftenlateforwork.

C.Itlostcustomersbecauseitwasold-fashioned.

D.Itdidnotkeepuppaymentstocreditors.

35.聽力原文：Normallyastudentmustattendacertainnumberofcoursesinordertograduate,andeachcoursewhichheattendsgiveshimacreditwhichhemaycounttowardsadegree.InmanyAmericanuniversitiesthetotalworkforadegreeconsistsof36courses,eachlastingforonesemester.Atypicalcourseconsistsofthreeclassesperweekfor15weeks;whileattendingauniversityastudentwillprobablyattendfourorfivecoursesduringeachsemester.Normallyastudentwouldexpecttotakefouryearsattendingtwosemesterseachyear.Itispossibletospreadtheperiodofworkforthedegreeoveralongerperiod.Itisalsopossibleforastudenttomovebetweenoneuniversityandanotherduringhisdegreecourse,thoughthisisnotinfactdoneasaregularpractice.

Foreverycoursethathefollows,astudentisgivenagrade,whichisrecorded,andtherecordisavailableforthestudenttoshowtoprospectiveemployers.Allthisimposesaconstantpressureandstrainofwork,butinspiteofthissomestudentsstillfindtimeforgreatactivityinstudentaffairs.Electionstopositionsinstudentorganizationsarousemuchenthusiasm.Theeffectiveworkofmaintainingdisciplineisusuallyperformedbystudentswhoadvisetheacademicauthorities.Anystudentwhoisthoughttohavebrokentherules,forexample,bycheating,hastoappearbeforeastudentcourt.Withtheenormousnumberofstudents,theoperationofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.Astudentwhohasheldoneofthesepositionsofauthorityismuchrespectedanditwillbeofbenefittohimlaterinhiscareer.

(33)

A.32.B.36.C.34.D.38.

36.聽力原文：Youmayrememberthatafewweeksagowediscussedthequestionofwhatphotographyis.Isitartorisitamethodofreproducingimages?Doesphotographybelongtoamuseumorjustinourhomes?TodayIwanttotalkaboutapersonwhotriedtomakehisprofessionallifeananswertosuchquestions.AlfredStieglitzwentfromtheUnitedStatestoGermanytostudyengineering.Whilehewastherehebecameinterestedinphotographyandbegantoexperimentwithhiscamera.Hetookpicturesunderconditionsthatmostphotographersconsideredtoodifficult.Hetookthematnight,intherainandofpeopleandobjectsreflectedinwindows.WhenhereturnedtotheUnitedStateshecontinuedthisrevolutionaryeffort.Stieglitzwasthefirstpersontophotographskyscrapers,cloudsandviewsfromanairplane.WhatStieglitzwastryingtodoinhisphotographswaswhathetriedtodothroughouthislife—makephotographyanart.Hethoughtthatphotographycouldbejustasbeautifulaform.ofself-expressionaspaintingordrawing.ForStieglitz,hiscamerawashisbrush.Whilemanyphotographersinthelater1800sandearly1900sthoughtoftheirworkasareproductionofidenticalimages,Stieglitzsawhisascreativeartform.Heunderstoodthepowerofthecameratocapturethemoment.Infactheneverretouchedhisprintsormadecopiesofthem.Ifyouareinthisclassfromtoday,I'msureyou'dsay:Well,paintersdon'tnormallymakeextracopiesoftheirpaintings,dothey?

(30)

A.Thedefinitionofphotography.

B.Photographyintheearly1900's.

C.ThelifeofAlfredStieglitz.

D.AlfredStieglitz'sapproachtophotography.

37.【B7】

38.聽力原文：M:CanIgetarideintotheofficewithyoutomorrow?

W:Anotherdaywouldbefine.ButI'vegottobedowntownforameetingfirstthinginthemorning.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(17)

A.Sheacceptstheoffer.

B.Shedeclinestheoffer.

C.Shehasameeting.

D.Shehasgottobedowntown.

39.

【B5】

40.

【B11】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.What'sthedarksideofAmericanconsumers'savingmoreandspendingless?

A.Thejobandhousingmarketswillbecomeevenweaker.

B.ThereislittlehopethattheAmericaneconomywillrecoversoon.

C.Moreandmoreretailersandmarketerswillhavetogobankrupt.

D.It'spossiblethattheAmericaneconomywillreboundsooner.

42.

Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneralbutjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunately______.

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

MillionsofU.S.collegestudentswillhavetoshouldermoreofthecostoftheireducationunderfederalrulesimposedlatelastmonththroughabureaucraticadjustmentrequiringneitherCongressionalapprovalnorpubliccommentofanykind.Thechanges,onlyaslightalterationintheformulagoverningfinancialaid,areexpectedtodiminishthegovernment'scontributiontohighereducationbyhundredsofmillionsofdollars,startingintheautumnof2004.Buttheywillalsohavearippleeffectacrossalmosteveryleveloffinancialaid,shrinkingthepoolofstudentswhoqualifyforfederalawards,tighteningaccesstobillionsofdollarsinstateandinstitutionalgrants,andheighteningtherelianceonloanstopayforcollege.

Howmuchmoneythismayrequireofstudentsandtheirparentswillvarywidely,changingwitheachfamily'ssetofcircumstances.Somefamiliesmaybeexpectedtopayanextra$100orlesseachyear,whileothersmayowewellover$1,000more.Whilemanycollegeadministratorscharacterizedthechangeasabackdoorwaytocuteducationspending,withoutpublicdiscussion,theDepartmentofEducationsaiditwassimplyexecutingitsresponsibilitiesunderfederallaw.

Whetherfurnishedbycolleges,statesorthefederalgovernment,thevastmajorityofthenation's$90billioninfinancialaidisdictatedbyasingle,intricateequationknownasthefederalneedanalysis.Itspurposeistomakeouthowmuchofafamily'sincomeistrulydiscretionary(自由支配的),andthereforefairgameforcoveringcollegeexpenses.Muchlikethefederalincometax,theformulaallowsfamiliestodeductsomeofwhattheypayinstateandlocaltaxes.But,thisyear,thedepartmentsignificantlyreducedthatamount,insomecasescuttingitinhalf.Onpaper,atleast,thatleavesfamilieswithmoremoneyleftovertopayforcollege,eventhoughstateandlocaltaxeshavegoneupoverthelastyear,notdown.

Inthe2004-2005academicyear,whenthechangesfirsttakeeffect,parentswhoearn$50,000ayearmaybeexpectedtocontribute$700orsobeyondwhattheyarealreadypaying,accordingtoanindependentanalysisconductedbyaconsultingfirmthathelpsuniversitiessetenrollmentandaid.Thoseearningabout$25,000mayoweonlyanextra$165orless,whilefamiliesearning$80,000couldbeexpectedtopayanadditional$1,100ormore.

Theword"rippleeffect"(Para.1)mostlikelymeans"______".

A.chainreaction

B.cumulativeeffect

C.immediateresponse

D.long-lastingimpact

44.

ThesearchersusedNOTtobelieve______.

A.otherstarsmayhavetheplanetsresemblingthosegoingaroundthesun

B.planetformsowingtothegasanddustinstarformation

C.theformationofstarissubsequenttothatofplanet

D.starisformedbythecollapsinginterstellarcloud

45.Severalstudiesrevealthatduringsummervacations,______.

A.parentsareeagertochoosebooksfortheirchildren

B.slideenjoysgreaterpopularityamongpoorchildren

C.manyschoolschoosetoclosethelibrarytosavemoney

D.children'sreadingskillsdeclinewithoutbookreading

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Shoulddoctorseverlietobenefittheirpatients–tospeedrecoveryortoconcealtheapproachofdeath?Inmedicineasinlaw,government,andotherlinesofwork,therequirementsofhonestyoftenseemdwarfedbygreaterneeds:theneedshelterfrombrutalnewsortoupholdapromiseofsecrecy;toexposecorruptionortopromotethepublicinterest.

Whatshoulddoctorssay,forexample,toa46-year-oldmancomingforaroutinephysicalcheckupjustbeforegoingonvacationwithhisfamilywho,thoughhefeelsinperfecthealth,isfoundtohaveaform.ofcancerthatwillcausehimtodiewithinsixmonths?Isitbesttotellhimthetruth?Ifheasks,shouldthedoctorsdenythatheisill,orminimizethegravityoftheprognosis?Shouldtheyatleastconcealthetruthuntilafterthefamilyvacation?

Doctorsconfrontsuchchoicesoftenandurgently.Attimes,theyseeimportantreasonstolieforthepatient'sownsake;intheireyes,suchliesdiffersharplyfromself-servingones.

Studiesshowthatmostdoctorssincerelybelievethattheseriouslyilldonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition,andthatinformingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhope,sothattheymayrecovermoreslowly,ordeterioratefaster,perhapsevencommitsuicide.Asonephysicianwrote:"Oursisaprofessionwhichtraditionallyhasbeenguidedbyapreceptthattranscendsthevirtueofutteringthetruthfortroth'ssake,andthatis'asfaraspossibledonoharm'."

Armedwithsuchaprecept,anumberofdoctorsmayslipintodeceptivepracticesthattheyassumewill"donoharm"andmaywellhelptheirpatients.Theymayprescribeinnumerableplacebos,soundmoreencouragingthanthefactswarrant,anddistortgravenews,especiallytotheincurablyiiiandthedying.

Buttheillusorynatureofthebenefitssuchdeceptionismeanttobestowisnowcomingtobedocumented.Studiesshowthat,contrarytothebeliefofmanyphysicians,anoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsdowanttobetoldthetruth,evenaboutgraveillness,andfeelbetrayedwhentheylearnthattheyhavebeenmisled.Wearealsolearningthattruthfulinformation,humanelyconveyed,helpspatientscopewithillness:helpsthemtoleratepainbetter,needlessmedication,andevenrecoverfasteraftersurgery.

Notonlydoliesnotprovidethe"help"hopedforbyadvocatesofbenevolentdeception:theyinvadetheautonomyofpatientsandmakethemunabletodecideoninformedchoicesconcerningtheirhealth.

Thefollowingaregreaterneedsthanhonesty,exceptfor______.

A.theneedtoshelterfrombrutalnewsofseriousillness

B.theneedtoupholdapromiseofsecrecy

C.theneedtogoonvacation

D.theneedtopromotepublicinterest

47.

WhatisthesignificanceofweedresearchaccordingtoStepp?

A.Itwouldhelptomaintainthediversityofplants.

B.Itwouldcontributetothegrowthofcultivatedplants.

C.Itwouldpromotetraditionalmedicines.

D.Itwillresultinmoremodemhealthcarefacilities.

48.

Nowadays,theathletes'expensesarepaid______.

A.outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners

B.outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations

C.bytheathletesthemselves

D.bycontributions

49.

【C8】

50.

Theauthortellsyouthatoneofthebestbaittouseforfishingis______.

A.wormsB.insectsC.peanutbutterD.smallerfish

51.

Howdoestheauthorinterpret(痊釋)loveattheendofthepassage?

52.

WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleoftheterroristattackonSept.11?

A.Toprovethathumanisatrisk.

B.Todemonstratethatmankindismorenervousthananyothertime.

C.Toshowthatanxietyseldomreoccurs.

D.Toindicatethatanxietyiseasytoamuse.

53.WhatistheresultoftheCochraneCollaboration'sresearch?

A.Antioxidantscanbeharmfultohumanbody.

B.Antioxidantscanhelppreventsomediseases.

C.Vitaminsaredangeroustohumanbody.

D.Antioxidantsareessentialtohumanbody.

54.

WhatconsequencedidthegianttsunamimakeinBandaAceh?

55.

Nautilus'sdrillinghasonlybeenexploratorymostprobablybecausetheyarenotcertainabout______.

A.therichnessofthedeposits

B.theeffectivenessoftheROV

C.howmuchitlakestominethesea

D.howprofitablemineralminingis

56.

Thewriter'sattitudetowardsscienceis______.

A.criticalB.approvingC.neutralD.regretful

57.

Bysaying"Normale-mailisanunsecuredsystem"(Line3,Para.9),theauthorsuggeststhatbanksdonot______e-mailsystem.

58.

Accordingtotheauthor,dealingwithinterpersonalconflictintheworkplace__________.

A.canbemoredifficultforengineers

B.isthekeytosuccessintheworkplace

C.leadstothedevelopmentofeffectiverelationships

D.preventsworkersfromworkingforthecommongood

59.

What'stherelationshipbetweensocialnetworkandtechnologynetworknowadays?

60.

The13measuresofpsychologicalwell-beingareusedto______.

A.serveasthestandardsforchoosingthesubjectsoftheresearch

B.serveasthewaystohelpadultst